Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCKSS9F)

• Drug Combination Name: Abacavir + Cerivastatin
• Indication: Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Abacavir (DMMN36E): Small molecular drug
  Cerivastatin (DMXCM7H): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 3.71
  Bliss Independence Score: 3.71
  Loewe Additivity Score: 4.38
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 4.38

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Abacavir

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[2]

Abacavir Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Human immunodeficiency virus Reverse transcriptase (HIV RT)	TT84ETX	POL_HV1B1	Inhibitor	[7]

Abacavir Interacts with 3 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[8]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)	DTI7UX6	ABCG2_HUMAN	Substrate	[9]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (ABCC4)	DTCSGPB	MRP4_HUMAN	Substrate	[10]

Abacavir Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1)	DEYGVN4	UD11_HUMAN	Metabolism	[11]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7)	DEB3CV1	UD2B7_HUMAN	Metabolism	[12]
Alcohol dehydrogenase class-V (ADH6)	DE017IC	ADH6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[11]

Abacavir Interacts with 26 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain (HLA-B)	OTNXFWY2	HLAB_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[13]
C-reactive protein (CRP)	OT0RFT8F	CRP_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[14]
Myeloperoxidase (MPO)	OTOOXLIN	PERM_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[14]
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9)	OTB2QDAV	MMP9_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[14]
Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT)	OT085VVA	TERT_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[15]
Retinal dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH1A2)	OTJB560Z	AL1A2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[5]
Albumin (ALB)	OTVMM513	ALBU_HUMAN	Affects Binding	[16]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)	OTE4EFH8	CP1A1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[17]
Synaptophysin (SYP)	OTFJKMO4	SYPH_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[15]
Homeobox protein Hox-B7 (HOXB7)	OTC7WYU8	HXB7_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[5]
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, C alpha chain (HLA-C)	OTV38BUJ	HLAC_HUMAN	Affects Binding	[18]
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)	OTQ01ZAS	GFAP_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[15]
Homeobox protein Hox-B9 (HOXB9)	OTMVHQOU	HXB9_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[5]
Paired box protein Pax-3 (PAX3)	OTN5PJZV	PAX3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[5]
Paired box protein Pax-6 (PAX6)	OTOC9876	PAX6_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[5]
Homeobox protein MOX-1 (MEOX1)	OTJEMT2D	MEOX1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[5]
Fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8)	OTFU0IUW	FGF8_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[5]
Mesoderm posterior protein 2 (MESP2)	OT7H4LYA	MESP2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[5]
Transcription factor 15 (TCF15)	OTA6UCWC	TCF15_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[5]
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1)	OTYXFLSD	CP1B1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[17]
Oligodendrocyte transcription factor 3 (OLIG3)	OTU8XLAF	OLIG3_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[5]
Eyes absent homolog 1 (EYA1)	OTHU807A	EYA1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[5]
Forkhead box protein C2 (FOXC2)	OT83P1E0	FOXC2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[5]
Neurogenin-2 (NEUROG2)	OTAEMIGT	NGN2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[5]
Interleukin-4 (IL4)	OTOXBWAU	IL4_HUMAN	Affects Response To Substance	[19]
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen protein P5 (HCP5)	OTV0YRI8	HCP5_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[20]

Indication(s) of Cerivastatin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Hyperlipidaemia	5C80	Approved	[3]
Multiple myeloma	2A83	Phase 1/2	[4]

Cerivastatin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR)	TTPADOQ	HMDH_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]

Cerivastatin Interacts with 7 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2)	DTFI42L	MRP2_HUMAN	Substrate	[21]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[21]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)	DTI7UX6	ABCG2_HUMAN	Substrate	[22]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1)	DT3D8F0	SO1B1_HUMAN	Substrate	[23]
Sodium/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (SLC10A1)	DT56EKP	NTCP_HUMAN	Substrate	[24]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (SLCO1B3)	DT9C1TS	SO1B3_HUMAN	Substrate	[23]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1 (SLCO2B1)	DTPFTEQ	SO2B1_HUMAN	Substrate	[25]

Cerivastatin Interacts with 6 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[26]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1)	DEYGVN4	UD11_HUMAN	Metabolism	[27]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Metabolism	[28]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)	DERD86B	CP3A7_HUMAN	Metabolism	[28]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DES5XRU	CP2C8_HUMAN	Metabolism	[29]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A3 (UGT1A3)	DEF2WXN	UD13_HUMAN	Metabolism	[27]

Cerivastatin Interacts with 1 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2)	OT0PF19E	RYR2_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[30]

References

• [1] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
• [2] Abacavir (marketed as Ziagen) and Abacavir-containing Medications. FDA. 2008.
• [3] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2950).
• [4] Emerging therapies for multiple myeloma. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2009 Mar;14(1):99-127.
• [5] Exposure-based assessment of chemical teratogenicity using morphogenetic aggregates of human embryonic stem cells. Reprod Toxicol. 2020 Jan;91:74-91. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.10.004. Epub 2019 Nov 8.
• [6] Mitochondrial proliferation, DNA depletion and adipocyte differentiation in subcutaneous adipose tissue of HIV-positive HAART recipients. Antivir Ther. 2003 Aug;8(4):323-31.
• [7] Quadruple nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors-only regimen of tenofovir plus zidovudine/lamivudine/abacavir in heavily pre-treated HIV-1 infected patients: salvage therapy or backbone only Curr HIV Res. 2009 May;7(3):320-6.
• [8] The transport of anti-HIV drugs across blood-CNS interfaces: summary of current knowledge and recommendations for further research. Antiviral Res. 2009 May;82(2):A99-109.
• [9] QSAR analysis and molecular modeling of ABCG2-specific inhibitors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2009 Jan 31;61(1):34-46.
• [10] Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
• [11] A review of the pharmacokinetics of abacavir. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2008;47(6):351-71.
• [12] Product characteristics of Triumeq.
• [13] Genetic variations in HLA-B region and hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir. Lancet. 2002 Mar 30;359(9312):1121-2. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08158-8.
• [14] Changes in biomarkers of cardiovascular risk after a switch to abacavir in HIV-1-infected individuals receiving combination antiretroviral therapy. HIV Med. 2009 Nov;10(10):627-33.
• [15] The antiretroviral nucleoside analogue Abacavir reduces cell growth and promotes differentiation of human medulloblastoma cells. Int J Cancer. 2009 Jul 1;125(1):235-43. doi: 10.1002/ijc.24331.
• [16] Binding of anti-HIV drugs to human serum albumin. IUBMB Life. 2004 Oct;56(10):609-14. doi: 10.1080/15216540400016286.
• [17] Association of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 inhibition in in vitro assays with drug-induced liver injury. J Toxicol Sci. 2021;46(4):167-176. doi: 10.2131/jts.46.167.
• [18] Harvesting candidate genes responsible for serious adverse drug reactions from a chemical-protein interactome. PLoS Comput Biol. 2009 Jul;5(7):e1000441. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000441. Epub 2009 Jul 24.
• [19] Intracellular cytokines may model immunoregulation of abacavir hypersensitivity in HIV-infected subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005 May;115(5):1081-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.12.1140.
• [20] The HCP5 single-nucleotide polymorphism: a simple screening tool for prediction of hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir. J Infect Dis. 2008 Sep 15;198(6):864-7. doi: 10.1086/591184.
• [21] Identification of the hepatic efflux transporters of organic anions using double-transfected Madin-Darby canine kidney II cells expressing human organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1)/multidrug resistance-associated protein 2, OATP1B1/multidrug resistance 1, and OATP1B1/breast cancer resistance protein. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Sep;314(3):1059-67.
• [22] Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
• [23] FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions
• [24] Differential effect of genetic variants of Na(+)-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) and organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) on the uptake of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Xenobiotica. 2011 Jan;41(1):24-34.
• [25] pH-sensitive interaction of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) with organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1. Mol Pharm. 2011 Aug 1;8(4):1303-13.
• [26] Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
• [27] Cerivastatin, genetic variants, and the risk of rhabdomyolysis. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2011 May;21(5):280-8.
• [28] Drug Interactions Flockhart Table
• [29] Role of cytochrome P450 2C8 in drug metabolism and interactions. Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Jan;68(1):168-241.
• [30] Cerivastatin, genetic variants, and the risk of rhabdomyolysis. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2011 May;21(5):280-8.