Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DIS6ICY4)

• Disease Name: Teratoma
• Synonyms: teratoma
• Definition: A non-seminomatous germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of various tissues which correspond to the different germinal layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). It occurs in the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system, mediastinum, lung, and stomach. According to the level of differentiation of the tissues which comprise the tumor, teratomas are classified as mature or immature. Mature teratomas are composed of well differentiated, adult-type tissues. Immature teratomas are composed of immature, fetal-type tissues. Testicular teratomas in children follow a benign clinical course. Mature ovarian teratomas without a fetal-type component have an excellent outcome. The prognosis of immature ovarian teratomas is related to the grade and stage of the tumor.
• Disease Hierarchy:
  DISQOQJU: Nongerminomatous germ cell tumor
  DIS6ICY4: Teratoma
• Disease Identifiers:
  MONDO ID: MONDO_0002601
  MESH ID: D013724
  UMLS CUI: C0039538
  MedGen ID: 21097
  HPO ID: HP:0009792
  SNOMED CT ID: 1187393008

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

This Disease Is Related to 10 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
LIN28A	TTO50LN	Limited	Altered Expression	[1]
PSMD10	TT2H4LN	Limited	Altered Expression	[2]
AFP	TTCFEA1	moderate	Biomarker	[3]
PTBP1	TTWMX0U	moderate	Altered Expression	[4]
CSF2RA	TT6MP2Z	Strong	Genetic Variation	[5]
DNMT3L	TT3FDAV	Strong	Altered Expression	[6]
GMNN	TT390KA	Strong	Biomarker	[7]
HSP90B1	TTFPKXQ	Strong	Altered Expression	[8]
IMP3	TTEJA2R	Strong	Altered Expression	[9]
KIT	TTX41N9	Strong	Altered Expression	[10]

This Disease Is Related to 4 DME Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DME ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
CHAC2	DEB4JZV	Strong	Altered Expression	[11]
MAT1A	DEQ6NC9	Strong	Biomarker	[12]
ME1	DE97WM8	Strong	Biomarker	[13]
PGM1	DEA3VM1	Strong	Biomarker	[14]

This Disease Is Related to 43 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
CDX2	OTCG4TSY	moderate	Biomarker	[15]
DMRT1	OT5PU9U1	moderate	Genetic Variation	[16]
DND1	OTHLC8TA	moderate	Biomarker	[17]
MAK16	OTD546E5	moderate	Altered Expression	[4]
PNO1	OT010GIS	moderate	Altered Expression	[4]
RBMS3	OTFSC9MR	moderate	Altered Expression	[4]
SRRM2	OTSIMMC9	moderate	Altered Expression	[4]
ALPG	OTCIM29R	Strong	Altered Expression	[1]
ASXL3	OTNDJWEZ	Strong	Biomarker	[18]
ATOH8	OT7SY3BN	Strong	Biomarker	[19]
CALD1	OTNJKJ6Q	Strong	Biomarker	[20]
CBX3	OTOP9RLD	Strong	Altered Expression	[21]
CBX5	OT8VYY84	Strong	Biomarker	[21]
CREG1	OTRHJ8HK	Strong	Biomarker	[22]
DAZL	OTZMTD4R	Strong	Altered Expression	[4]
DDX4	OTQOV093	Strong	Biomarker	[23]
ELF4	OT167PR5	Strong	Biomarker	[24]
ESRP1	OTNCS4SL	Strong	Biomarker	[25]
FMOD	OT9EJ5H8	Strong	Biomarker	[26]
GADD45G	OT8V1J4M	Strong	Biomarker	[27]
GFI1B	OTRDW8YO	Strong	Altered Expression	[28]
GFRA1	OT3WBVYB	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
GPC4	OTUJ14DW	Strong	Biomarker	[29]
ITFG1	OTX0PCR3	Strong	Genetic Variation	[30]
KRT10	OTSVRD3Q	Strong	Altered Expression	[31]
LHX2	OTK61NP8	Strong	Biomarker	[32]
LSM2	OTHL77NY	Strong	Genetic Variation	[33]
MESD	OT3B2H8F	Strong	Genetic Variation	[34]
METTL8	OT7E09Y4	Strong	Genetic Variation	[30]
MKS1	OT83W5PB	Strong	Biomarker	[13]
MNX1	OTXP9FH1	Strong	Biomarker	[35]
NANOG	OTUEY1FM	Strong	Biomarker	[36]
NANOS3	OTGX9IQU	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
PLAA	OTZ7NJGA	Strong	Altered Expression	[1]
PLSCR4	OT2AMYLY	Strong	Altered Expression	[8]
POU5F1	OTDHHN7O	Strong	Altered Expression	[37]
PRDM14	OTWZKY4L	Strong	Altered Expression	[38]
PRPF4	OTK0XRQN	Strong	Biomarker	[39]
SNRPN	OTQB1ID1	Strong	Posttranslational Modification	[40]
TCF12	OTZVONNU	Strong	Altered Expression	[41]
TFAP2C	OTUDIW05	Strong	Altered Expression	[1]
TIPRL	OTS2FZ8O	Strong	Genetic Variation	[30]
TRRAP	OT68OI2Y	Strong	Altered Expression	[8]

References

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• [25] The RNA binding protein ESRP1 fine-tunes the expression of pluripotency-related factors in mouse embryonic stem cells.PLoS One. 2013 Aug 27;8(8):e72300. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072300. eCollection 2013.
• [26] CDKN2B upregulation prevents teratoma formation in multipotent fibromodulin-reprogrammed cells.J Clin Invest. 2019 Jul 15;129(8):3236-3251. doi: 10.1172/JCI125015. eCollection 2019 Jul 15.
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• [28] InVivo Generation of Engraftable Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells by Gfi1b, c-Fos, and Gata2 Overexpression within Teratoma.Stem Cell Reports. 2017 Oct 10;9(4):1024-1033. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.08.010. Epub 2017 Sep 21.
• [29] Reducing glypican-4 in ES cells improves recovery in a rat model of Parkinson's disease by increasing the production of dopaminergic neurons and decreasing teratoma formation.J Neurosci. 2014 Jun 11;34(24):8318-23. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2501-13.2014.
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• [32] OP9-Lhx2 stromal cells facilitate derivation of hematopoietic progenitors both in vitro and in vivo.Stem Cell Res. 2015 Sep;15(2):395-402. doi: 10.1016/j.scr.2015.08.009. Epub 2015 Aug 21.
• [33] The complete primary structure of the human snRNP E protein.Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Nov 25;16(22):10593-605. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.22.10593.
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• [38] PRDM14 is expressed in germ cell tumors with constitutive overexpression altering human germline differentiation and proliferation.Stem Cell Res. 2018 Mar;27:46-56. doi: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.12.016. Epub 2018 Jan 4.
• [39] Suppression of PRPF4 regulates pluripotency, proliferation, and differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells.Cell Biochem Funct. 2019 Dec;37(8):608-617. doi: 10.1002/cbf.3437. Epub 2019 Sep 10.
• [40] Genetic analysis results of mature cystic teratomas of the ovary in Taiwan disagree with the previous origin theory of this tumor.Hum Pathol. 2016 Jun;52:128-35. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.01.011. Epub 2016 Feb 5.
• [41] Targeted Disruption of TCF12 Reveals HEB as Essential in Human Mesodermal Specification and Hematopoiesis.Stem Cell Reports. 2017 Sep 12;9(3):779-795. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.07.011. Epub 2017 Aug 10.