Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCR3RWS)

• Drug Combination Name: Epirubicin + Isoniazid
• Indication: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Epirubicin (DMPDW6T): Small molecular drug
  Isoniazid (DM5JVS3): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: 786-0
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 0.85
  Bliss Independence Score: 5.43
  Loewe Additivity Score: 3.08
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 3.84

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Epirubicin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Solid tumour/cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Approved	[2]

Epirubicin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2)	TT0IHXV	TOP2A_HUMAN; TOP2B_HUMAN	Modulator	[5]

Epirubicin Interacts with 4 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1)	DTSYQGK	MRP1_HUMAN	Substrate	[6]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2)	DTFI42L	MRP2_HUMAN	Substrate	[7]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[7]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)	DTI7UX6	ABCG2_HUMAN	Substrate	[7]

Epirubicin Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7)	DEB3CV1	UD2B7_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]

Epirubicin Interacts with 30 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 2 (ABCC2)	OTJSIGV5	MRP2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[9]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1)	OTGUN89S	MRP1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[9]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[9]
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 (ABCG2)	OTW8V2V1	ABCG2_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[10]
Natriuretic peptides A (NPPA)	OTMQNTNX	ANF_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53)	OTIE1VH3	P53_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Interleukin-6 (IL6)	OTUOSCCU	IL6_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[13]
Interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha (IL6R)	OTCQL07Z	IL6RA_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[14]
Retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA)	OT192V9V	RARA_HUMAN	Affects Mutagenesis	[15]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2)	OT9DVHC0	BCL2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[9]
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (RPS6KB1)	OTAELNGX	KS6B1_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[16]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3)	OTCYKGKO	MK03_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[16]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)	OTH85PI5	MK01_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[16]
Protein PML (PML)	OT6SM2GD	PML_HUMAN	Affects Mutagenesis	[15]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[17]
Caspase-9 (CASP9)	OTD4RFFG	CASP9_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX)	OTAW0V4V	BAX_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (EIF4EBP1)	OTHBQVD5	4EBP1_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[16]
FK506-binding protein-like (FKBPL)	OTR9ND6K	FKBPL_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[17]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A (TNFRSF1A)	OT2D9DOV	TNR1A_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[18]
MARVEL domain-containing protein 1 (MARVELD1)	OT5CPOJE	MALD1_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[19]
Phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase (LHPP)	OT9AGAIJ	LHPP_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[18]
Alpha-protein kinase 1 (ALPK1)	OTBW6SGD	ALPK1_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[20]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 (BIRC6)	OTCQJAB0	BIRC6_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[21]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5)	OTILXZYL	BIRC5_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[22]
Superoxide dismutase , mitochondrial (SOD2)	OTIWXGZ9	SODM_HUMAN	Affects Response To Substance	[23]
Protein S100-P (S100P)	OTJCXNJG	S100P_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[24]
Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 2 (PHLDA2)	OTMV9DPP	PHLA2_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[25]
Little elongation complex subunit 1 (ICE1)	OTOXTBUH	ICE1_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[18]
Microcephalin (MCPH1)	OTYT3TT5	MCPH1_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[20]

Indication(s) of Isoniazid

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Latent tuberculosis infection	N.A.	Approved	[3]
Pulmonary tuberculosis	1B10.Z	Approved	[3]
Tuberculosis	1B10-1B1Z	Approved	[4]

Isoniazid Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Bacterial Fatty acid synthetase I (Bact inhA)	TTVTX4N	INHA_MYCTU	Inhibitor	[27]

Isoniazid Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)	DEVDYN7	CP2E1_HUMAN	Metabolism	[28]
Catalase-peroxidase (katG)	DEAGY5M	KATG_SYNE7	Metabolism	[29]
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT)	DEXCQTM	A0A3P8LE58_TSUPA	Metabolism	[30]

Isoniazid Interacts with 59 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Alanine aminotransferase 1 (GPT)	OTOXOA0Q	ALAT1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[31]
N-alpha-acetyltransferase 20 (NAA20)	OTJB0VA6	NAA20_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[32]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	OTHCWT42	CP2C8_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[33]
Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1)	OT4FU8C0	NUPR1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[34]
Inhibin beta E chain (INHBE)	OTOI2NYG	INHBE_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[34]
Protein DEPP1 (DEPP1)	OTB36PHJ	DEPP1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[34]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10)	OTOA4HTH	AK1BA_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[26]
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)	OT4IE164	TNFA_HUMAN	Increases Secretion	[26]
Interferon gamma (IFNG)	OTXG9JM7	IFNG_HUMAN	Increases Secretion	[26]
C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10)	OTTLQ6S0	CXL10_HUMAN	Increases Secretion	[26]
Interleukin-6 (IL6)	OTUOSCCU	IL6_HUMAN	Increases Secretion	[26]
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1)	OTZGGIVK	NQO1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[26]
Interleukin-10 (IL10)	OTIRFRXC	IL10_HUMAN	Increases Secretion	[26]
Interleukin-12 subunit alpha (IL12A)	OTDQT8GI	IL12A_HUMAN	Increases Secretion	[26]
Interleukin-12 subunit beta (IL12B)	OT0JF8A3	IL12B_HUMAN	Increases Secretion	[26]
Interleukin-17A (IL17A)	OTY72FT2	IL17_HUMAN	Increases Secretion	[26]
Sulfiredoxin-1 (SRXN1)	OTYDBO4L	SRXN1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[26]
Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase (BBOX1)	OTKEX4RK	BODG_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[35]
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)	OT9GG3ZI	FETA_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[35]
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 (ATP1B1)	OTTO6ZP4	AT1B1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[35]
Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP)	OTKFD7R4	A4_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[35]
Osteopontin (SPP1)	OTJGC23Y	OSTP_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[35]
Mucin-1 (MUC1)	OTHQI7IY	MUC1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[35]
14-3-3 protein sigma (SFN)	OTLJCZ1U	1433S_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[35]
DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein (DDIT3)	OTI8YKKE	DDIT3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[35]
Glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit (GCLM)	OT6CP234	GSH0_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[35]
Claudin-2 (CLDN2)	OTRF3D6Y	CLD2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[35]
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1 (SLC7A5)	OT2WPVXD	LAT1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[35]
Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3)	OTG5OS7X	TRIB3_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[35]
Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2)	OTKOZRZP	PLOD2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[36]
Transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2)	OTN44YQ5	TMPS2_HUMAN	Affects Expression	[37]
Interleukin-1 alpha (IL1A)	OTPSGILV	IL1A_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[38]
Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B)	OT0DWXXB	IL1B_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[38]
Albumin (ALB)	OTVMM513	ALBU_HUMAN	Affects Binding	[39]
Antileukoproteinase (SLPI)	OTUNFUU8	SLPI_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[38]
Catalase (CAT)	OTHEBX9R	CATA_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[40]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2)	OT9DVHC0	BCL2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[40]
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase (G6PD)	OT300SMK	G6PD_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[40]
5-aminolevulinate synthase, non-specific, mitochondrial (ALAS1)	OTQY6ZSF	HEM1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[41]
Ferrochelatase, mitochondrial (FECH)	OTDWEI6C	HEMH_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[41]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3)	OTCYKGKO	MK03_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[31]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)	OTH85PI5	MK01_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[31]
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2)	OT75U9M4	PGH2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[38]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG)	OTHMARHO	PPARG_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[42]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[40]
Caspase-9 (CASP9)	OTD4RFFG	CASP9_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[40]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX)	OTAW0V4V	BAX_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[31]
Interleukin-24 (IL24)	OT4VUWH1	IL24_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[38]
Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1)	OTOXWNV8	NRF1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[43]
Natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3 ligand 1 (NCR3LG1)	OT15YWU7	NR3L1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[44]
PTB-containing, cubilin and LRP1-interacting protein (PID1)	OT5YJ7FI	PCLI1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[38]
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1)	OTAYZMOY	SIR1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[43]
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)	OTTRZGU7	ACE2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[37]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PPARGC1A)	OTHCDQ22	PRGC1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[43]
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2)	OTBPDQOY	ARY2_HUMAN	Decreases Acetylation	[45]
Eosinophil peroxidase (EPX)	OTFNDFOK	PERE_HUMAN	Increases Oxidation	[46]
Myeloperoxidase (MPO)	OTOOXLIN	PERM_HUMAN	Increases Oxidation	[47]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	OTQGYY83	CP3A4_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[48]
Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1)	OTSBF2MO	GSTM1_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[49]

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication	DrugCom ID	Cell Line	Status	REF
Adult T acute lymphoblastic leukemia	DC0HA8Q	MOLT-4	Investigative	[1]
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma	DCJVUR0	A498	Investigative	[1]
Glioma	DCMHZKG	SF-268	Investigative	[1]
Carcinoma	DC1R0YC	RXF 393	Investigative	[50]
Carcinoma	DCBPK86	MCF7	Investigative	[50]
Adenocarcinoma	DCOV6KY	DU-145	Investigative	[51]
Adenocarcinoma	DC90KMW	NCIH23	Investigative	[51]
Adenocarcinoma	DC6QYWN	HCT116	Investigative	[51]
High grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma	DCLLB4H	NCI\\/ADR-RES	Investigative	[51]
Lung adenocarcinoma	DCY519Z	EKVX	Investigative	[51]
Malignant melanoma	DCO0N59	UACC62	Investigative	[51]
Melanoma	DC39CLU	UACC-257	Investigative	[51]
Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	DCT6ZO4	SK-OV-3	Investigative	[51]

References

• [1] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
• [2] New drugs for the treatment of cancer, 1990-2001. Isr Med Assoc J. 2002 Dec;4(12):1124-31.
• [3] Isoniazid FDA Label
• [4] Novel agents in the management of Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease. Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(18):2000-8.
• [5] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [6] Sulindac sulfide selectively increases sensitivity of ABCC1 expressing tumor cells to doxorubicin and glutathione depletion. J Biomed Res. 2016 Mar;30(2):120-133.
• [7] Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
• [8] Epirubicin glucuronidation and UGT2B7 developmental expression. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Dec;34(12):2097-101.
• [9] Co-encapsulation of chrysophsin-1 and epirubicin in PEGylated liposomes circumvents multidrug resistance in HeLa cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2015 Dec 5;242:13-23. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.08.023. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
• [10] Camptothecin resistance: role of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC), mitoxantrone-resistance half-transporter (MXR), and potential for glucuronidation in MXR-expressing cells. Cancer Res. 1999 Dec 1;59(23):5938-46.
• [11] Preliminary study on behaviour of atrial natriuretic factor in anthracycline-related cardiac toxicity. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1991;11(2):75-81.
• [12] 7,3',4'-Trihydroxyisoflavone modulates multidrug resistance transporters and induces apoptosis via production of reactive oxygen species. Toxicology. 2012 Dec 16;302(2-3):221-32. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.08.003. Epub 2012 Aug 15.
• [13] Early epirubicin-induced myocardial dysfunction revealed by serial tissue Doppler echocardiography: correlation with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Oncologist. 2007 Sep;12(9):1124-33. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.12-9-1124.
• [14] Persistence, up to 18 months of follow-up, of epirubicin-induced myocardial dysfunction detected early by serial tissue Doppler echocardiography: correlation with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Oncologist. 2008 Dec;13(12):1296-305. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2008-0151. Epub 2008 Dec 5.
• [15] Evidence for direct involvement of epirubicin in the formation of chromosomal translocations in t(15;17) therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood. 2010 Jan 14;115(2):326-30. doi: 10.1182/blood-2009-07-235051. Epub 2009 Nov 2.
• [16] (-)-Gossypol enhances the anticancer activity of epirubicin via downregulating survivin in hepatocellular carcinoma. Chem Biol Interact. 2022 Sep 1;364:110060. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110060. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
• [17] The differential effects of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil on apoptotic marker (CPP-32), pro-apoptotic protein (p21(WAF-1)) and anti-apoptotic protein (bcl-2) in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Aug;80(3):239-44. doi: 10.1023/A:1024995202135.
• [18] Genome-wide association study of chemotherapeutic agent-induced severe neutropenia/leucopenia for patients in Biobank Japan. Cancer Sci. 2013 Aug;104(8):1074-82. doi: 10.1111/cas.12186. Epub 2013 Jun 10.
• [19] MARVELD1 attenuates arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in liver cancer cells by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production. Ann Transl Med. 2019 May;7(9):200. doi: 10.21037/atm.2019.04.38.
• [20] Genome-wide association study of epirubicin-induced leukopenia in Japanese patients. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2011 Sep;21(9):552-8. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e328348e48f.
• [21] [Knock-down of apollon gene by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide inhibits the proliferation of Lovo cells and enhances chemo-sensitivity]. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 2011 Feb;46(2):138-45.
• [22] [Antisense oligonucleotide targeting survivin induces apoptosis of renal clear-cell carcinoma cells and enhances their sensitivity to epirubicin in vitro]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2005 Aug;27(8):468-70.
• [23] Endogenous antioxidant enzymes and glutathione S-transferase in protection of mesothelioma cells against hydrogen peroxide and epirubicin toxicity. Br J Cancer. 1998 Apr;77(7):1097-102. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1998.182.
• [24] S100P contributes to chemosensitivity of human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR3. Oncol Rep. 2008 Aug;20(2):325-32.
• [25] TSSC3 overexpression associates with growth inhibition, apoptosis induction and enhances chemotherapeutic effects in human osteosarcoma. Carcinogenesis. 2012 Jan;33(1):30-40. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgr232. Epub 2011 Oct 21.
• [26] Characterization of drug-specific signaling between primary human hepatocytes and immune cells. Toxicol Sci. 2017 Jul 1;158(1):76-89.
• [27] Diversity in enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductases. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009 May;66(9):1507-17.
• [28] Inhibition of CYP2E1 catalytic activity in vitro by S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Apr 1;69(7):1081-93.
• [29] Crystal structure of the catalase-peroxidase KatG W78F mutant from Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 in complex with the antitubercular pro-drug isoniazid. FEBS Lett. 2015 Jan 2;589(1):131-7.
• [30] The actinobacterium Tsukamurella paurometabola has a functionally divergent arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) homolog. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Oct 31;35(11):174.
• [31] Quercetin protected against isoniazide-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis by activating the SIRT1/ERK pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2019 Sep;33(9):e22369. doi: 10.1002/jbt.22369. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
• [32] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
• [33] Mechanism-based inactivation of human cytochrome P4502C8 by drugs in vitro. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Dec;311(3):996-1007.
• [34] Determination of phospholipidosis potential based on gene expression analysis in HepG2 cells. Toxicol Sci. 2007 Mar;96(1):101-14.
• [35] Comparison of base-line and chemical-induced transcriptomic responses in HepaRG and RPTEC/TERT1 cells using TempO-Seq. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Aug;92(8):2517-2531.
• [36] Identification of differentially expressed genes in hepatic HepG2 cells treated with acetaminophen using suppression subtractive hybridization. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Jul;28(7):1148-53. doi: 10.1248/bpb.28.1148.
• [37] Effect of common medications on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors in liver tissue. Arch Toxicol. 2020 Dec;94(12):4037-4041. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02869-1. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
• [38] An in vitro coculture system of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with hepatocellular carcinoma-derived cells for predicting drug-induced liver injury. Arch Toxicol. 2021 Jan;95(1):149-168. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02882-4. Epub 2020 Aug 20.
• [39] Auto-oxidation of Isoniazid Leads to Isonicotinic-Lysine Adducts on Human Serum Albumin. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 Jan 20;28(1):51-8. doi: 10.1021/tx500285k. Epub 2014 Dec 9.
• [40] Isoniazid-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells: generation of oxidative stress and Bcl-2 down-regulation. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2010 Jun;20(5):242-51. doi: 10.3109/15376511003793325.
• [41] The Isoniazid Metabolites Hydrazine and Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone Modulate Heme Biosynthesis. Toxicol Sci. 2019 Mar 1;168(1):209-224. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy294.
• [42] Isoniazid suppresses antioxidant response element activities and impairs adipogenesis in mouse and human preadipocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Dec 15;273(3):435-41. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.10.005. Epub 2013 Oct 12.
• [43] AMPK activator acadesine fails to alleviate isoniazid-caused mitochondrial instability in HepG2 cells. J Appl Toxicol. 2017 Oct;37(10):1219-1224. doi: 10.1002/jat.3483. Epub 2017 May 29.
• [44] Enhanced activation of human NK cells by drug-exposed hepatocytes. Arch Toxicol. 2020 Feb;94(2):439-448. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02668-8. Epub 2020 Feb 14.
• [45] Effects of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), CYP2E1 and Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genotypes on the serum concentrations of isoniazid and metabolites in tuberculosis patients. J Toxicol Sci. 2008 May;33(2):187-95. doi: 10.2131/jts.33.187.
• [46] Eosinophil peroxidase oxidizes isoniazid to form the active metabolite against M. tuberculosis, isoniazid-NAD(). Chem Biol Interact. 2019 May 25;305:48-53. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.03.019. Epub 2019 Mar 25.
• [47] Metabolism of isoniazid by neutrophil myeloperoxidase leads to isoniazid-NAD(+) adduct formation: A comparison of the reactivity of isoniazid with its known human metabolites. Biochem Pharmacol. 2016 Apr 15;106:46-55. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.02.003. Epub 2016 Feb 9.
• [48] Development of a highly sensitive cytotoxicity assay system for CYP3A4-mediated metabolic activation. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Aug;39(8):1388-95. doi: 10.1124/dmd.110.037077. Epub 2011 May 3.
• [49] Customised in vitro model to detect human metabolism-dependent idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Jan;92(1):383-399. doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-2036-4. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
• [50] Biologically active neutrophil chemokine pattern in tonsillitis.Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 Mar;135(3):511-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2003.02390.x.
• [51] Loss of function mutations in VARS encoding cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase cause microcephaly, seizures, and progressive cerebral atrophy.Hum Genet. 2018 Apr;137(4):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s00439-018-1882-3. Epub 2018 Apr 24.