Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMDRKH2)

• Drug Name: Thiamphenicol Drug Info
• Synonyms: thiamphenicol; 15318-45-3; Thiophenicol; Thiamcol; (+)-Thiamphenicol; Raceophenidol; Dextrosulphenidol; Thiamphenicolum; D-Thiocymetin; D-Thiophenicol; Thiocymetin (TN); Armai (TN); Thiocymetin; Tiamfenicolo [DCIT]; UNII-FLQ7571NPM; Tiamfenicol [INN-Spanish]; Thiamphenicol (Thiophenicol); Macphenicol; C12H15Cl2NO5S; Urfamycine; Igralin; Hyrazin; Dexawin; Rincrol; Neomyson; Urfamicina; Thiamphenicolum [INN-Latin]; Descocin; Masatirin; Efnicol; SW 5063; Unaseran-D; Thiamphenicol [USAN:INN:BAN:JAN]; EINECS 239-355-3; RACEPHENICOL; WIN-5063-2

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[1]

• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 27200
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:32215
  CAS Number: CAS 15318-45-3
  TTD Drug ID: DMDRKH2
  VARIDT Drug ID: DR01326

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Targeting Bacterial 23S ribosomal RNA (Bact 23S rRNA)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Lopinavir	DMITQS0	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[5]
Chloramphenicol	DMFXEWT	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[6]
Lefamulin	DME6G97	Community-acquired pneumonia	CA40.Z	Approved	[7]
Linezolid	DMGFPU2	Bacteremia	1A73	Approved	[8]
Spiramycin	DM20R5F	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[9]
Macrolides	DM3BS97	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[10]
Cethromycin	DMIGX84	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Phase 3	[11]
Oxazolidinones	DMBM47Z	Gram-positive bacterial infection	1B74-1G40	Phase 2	[12]
EDP-420	DM5WZ0O	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Phase 2	[13]
Micrococcin	DMJ4D1P	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[9]

Drug(s) Transported By P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Amoxicillin	DMUYNEI	Acute otitis media	AB00	Approved	[14]
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[15]
Methotrexate	DM2TEOL	Anterior urethra cancer		Approved	[16]
Folic Acid	DMEMBJC	Colorectal carcinoma		Approved	[17]
Fluorouracil	DMUM7HZ	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[16]
Cisplatin	DMRHGI9	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[16]
Progesterone	DMUY35B	Amenorrhea	GA20.0	Approved	[18]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[16]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[19]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[20]

Drug(s) Affected By Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (SLC1A2)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Hydrogen peroxide	DM1NG5W	Infectious disease	1A00-CA43.1	Approved	[21]
Quercetin	DM3NC4M	Obesity	5B81	Approved	[22]
Tretinoin	DM49DUI	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[23]
Rifampicin	DM5DSFZ	Non-insulin dependent diabetes	5A11	Approved	[24]
Arsenic trioxide	DM61TA4	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[25]
Ciclosporin	DMAZJFX	Graft-versus-host disease	4B24	Approved	[26]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[27]
Ivermectin	DMDBX5F	Intestinal strongyloidiasis due to nematode parasite	1F6B	Approved	[28]
Ampicillin	DMHWE7P	Acute epiglottitis		Approved	[21]
Vitamin A	DMJ2AH4	Night blindness	9D45	Approved	[21]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Bacterial 23S ribosomal RNA (Bact 23S rRNA)	TTLFGBV	NOUNIPROTAC	Modulator	[2]

Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[3]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (SLC1A2)	OTEP3QGN	EAA2_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[4]

References

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• [2] The fused TrpEG from Streptomyces venezuelae is an anthranilate synthase, not a 2-amino-2-deoxyisochorismate [corrected] (ADIC) synthase. Ethn Dis. 2008 Spring;18(2 Suppl 2):S2-9-13.
• [3] Active Mediated Transport of Chloramphenicol and Thiamphenicol in a Calu-3 Lung Epithelial Cell Model. J Pharm Sci. 2018 Apr;107(4):1178-1184.
• [4] Human nasal olfactory epithelium as a dynamic marker for CNS therapy development. Exp Neurol. 2011 Dec;232(2):203-11. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.09.002. Epub 2011 Sep 16.
• [5] Company report (JMI Laboratories)
• [6] Inhibition of peptide bond formation by pleuromutilins: the structure of the 50S ribosomal subunit from Deinococcus radiodurans in complex with tiamulin. Mol Microbiol. 2004 Dec;54(5):1287-94.
• [7] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health Human Services. 2019
• [8] Genome sequencing of linezolid-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants reveals novel mechanisms of resistance. Genome Res. 2009 Jul;19(7):1214-23.
• [9] The apicoplast as an antimalarial drug target. Drug Resist Updat. 2001 Jun;4(3):145-51.
• [10] Has nature already identified all useful antibacterial targets Curr Opin Microbiol. 2008 Oct;11(5):387-92.
• [11] How many modes of action should an antibiotic have Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2008 Oct;8(5):564-73.
• [12] Ribosomal RNA is the target for oxazolidinones, a novel class of translational inhibitors. RNA. 1999 Jul;5(7):939-46.
• [13] EDP-420, a Bicyclolide (Bridged Bicyclic Macrolide), Is Active against Mycobacterium avium. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 May; 51(5): 1666-1670.
• [14] Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
• [15] MDR1 (ABCB1) G1199A (Ser400Asn) polymorphism alters transepithelial permeability and sensitivity to anticancer agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2009 Jun;64(1):183-8.
• [16] Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
• [17] Folate transporter expression decreases in the human placenta throughout pregnancy and in pre-eclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2012 Apr;2(2):123-31.
• [18] Comparative studies on in vitro methods for evaluating in vivo function of MDR1 P-glycoprotein. Pharm Res. 2001 Dec;18(12):1660-8.
• [19] Antiestrogens and steroid hormones: substrates of the human P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):287-92.
• [20] Association of genetic polymorphisms in the influx transporter SLCO1B3 and the efflux transporter ABCB1 with imatinib pharmacokinetics in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Ther Drug Monit. 2011 Apr;33(2):244-50.
• [21] Translational control of glial glutamate transporter EAAT2 expression. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jan 19;282(3):1727-37. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M609822200. Epub 2006 Nov 30.
• [22] Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
• [23] Development of a neural teratogenicity test based on human embryonic stem cells: response to retinoic acid exposure. Toxicol Sci. 2011 Dec;124(2):370-7.
• [24] Rifampin Regulation of Drug Transporters Gene Expression and the Association of MicroRNAs in Human Hepatocytes. Front Pharmacol. 2016 Apr 26;7:111.
• [25] Classification of heavy-metal toxicity by human DNA microarray analysis. Environ Sci Technol. 2007 May 15;41(10):3769-74.
• [26] Integrating multiple omics to unravel mechanisms of Cyclosporin A induced hepatotoxicity in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Apr;29(3):489-501.
• [27] Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
• [28] Quantitative proteomics reveals a broad-spectrum antiviral property of ivermectin, benefiting for COVID-19 treatment. J Cell Physiol. 2021 Apr;236(4):2959-2975. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30055. Epub 2020 Sep 22.