Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMT5HA4)

• Drug Name: Ketamine
• Synonyms: Calypsol; Cetamina; Green; Ketaject; Ketalar; Ketaminum; Ketanest; Ketoject; Ketolar; Tekam; KETAMINE HCL; Ketalar base; Ketamine Base; Special K; Special K [street name]; CLSTA 20; T385; Cetamina [INN-Spanish]; Dl-Ketamine; Ketalar (TN); Ketamine (INN); Ketamine [INN:BAN]; Ketaminum [INN-Latin]; Ketanest (TN); Ketaset (TN); Tekam (TN); Cyclohexanone, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-(9CI); Cyclohexanone, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-, (+-)-(9CI); Cyclohexanone, 2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-, (+/-)-(8CI); (+/-)-2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone; (+/-)-2-(o-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone; 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone; 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexan-1-one; 2-(Methylamino)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)cyclohexanone; 2-(o-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-cyclohexanone; 2-(o-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Anaesthesia	9A78.6	Approved	[1], [2]

• Therapeutic Class: Analgesics
• Drug Type: Small molecular drug
• #Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0:
  Molecular Weight (mw); 237.72
  Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp); 2.2
  Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds); 2
  Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor); 1
  Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc); 2
• ADMET Property:
  Absorption Cmax: The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of drug is 0.75 mg/L [3]
  BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 1: high solubility and high permeability [4]
  Bioavailability: The bioavailability of drug is 93% [3]
  Clearance: The clearance of drug is 1.36 L/h/kg [5]
  Elimination: Pharmacokinetic studies have resulted in the recovery of 85-95% of the administered dose in urine mainly in the form of metabolites [6]
  Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 186 minutes [3]
  Metabolism: The drug is metabolized via the hepatic [3]
  MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 8.41285 micromolar/kg/day [7]
  Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.47% [8]
  Vd: The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 0.3713 L/kg [9]
  Water Solubility: The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 200 mg/mL [4]
• Chemical Identifiers:
  Formula: C13H16ClNO
  IUPAC Name: 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexan-1-one
  Canonical SMILES: CNC1(CCCCC1=O)C2=CC=CC=C2Cl
  InChI: InChI=1S/C13H16ClNO/c1-15-13(9-5-4-8-12(13)16)10-6-2-3-7-11(10)14/h2-3,6-7,15H,4-5,8-9H2,1H3
  InChIKey: YQEZLKZALYSWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 3821
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:6121
  CAS Number: 6740-88-1
  DrugBank ID: DB01221
  TTD ID: D0UM7O
  VARIDT ID: DR00685
  INTEDE ID: DR0903

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)	TT9IK2Z	NOUNIPROTAC	Antagonist	[10], [11], [12]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)	DEPKLMQ	CP2B6_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Ketamine (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Pexidartinib	DMS2J0Z	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Pexidartinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Bone/articular cartilage neoplasm [2F7B]	[50]
Tucatinib	DMBESUA	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Tucatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[51]
Alpelisib	DMEXMYK	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Alpelisib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[52]
MK-8228	DMOB58Q	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by MK-8228 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Cytomegaloviral disease [1D82]	[53]
Esketamine	DMVU687	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Ketamine and Esketamine.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[54]
Cenobamate	DMGOVHA	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Cenobamate mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[55]
Darunavir	DMN3GCH	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Darunavir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[56]
PF-06463922	DMKM7EW	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Ketamine caused by PF-06463922 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[57]
Selpercatinib	DMZR15V	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Selpercatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[52]
Idelalisib	DM602WT	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Idelalisib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82]	[58]
IPI-145	DMWA24P	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by IPI-145 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82]	[59]
Dabrafenib	DMX6OE3	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Dabrafenib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Melanoma [2C30]	[52]
Flibanserin	DM70DTN	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Ketamine and Flibanserin.	Mood disorder [6A60-6E23]	[60]
Levomethadyl Acetate	DM06HG5	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Ketamine and Levomethadyl Acetate.	Opioid use disorder [6C43]	[60]
Olaparib	DM8QB1D	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Olaparib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Ovarian cancer [2C73]	[54]
Rucaparib	DM9PVX8	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Rucaparib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Ovarian cancer [2C73]	[61]
Abametapir	DM2RX0I	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Abametapir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Pediculosis [1G00]	[62]
Lefamulin	DME6G97	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Lefamulin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Pneumonia [CA40]	[63]
Lonafarnib	DMGM2Z6	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Lonafarnib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Premature ageing appearance [LD2B]	[64]
Telotristat ethyl	DMDIYFZ	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Telotristat ethyl mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Small intestine developmental anomaly [DA90]	[52]
Larotrectinib	DM26CQR	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Larotrectinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[54]
LEE011	DMMX75K	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by LEE011 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[65]
Fostamatinib	DM6AUHV	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Ketamine caused by Fostamatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Thrombocytopenia [3B64]	[66]

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