Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMRBMAU)

Drug Name

Mycophenolic acid Drug Info

Synonyms

Micofenolico acido; Micofenolico acido [Spanish]; Mycophenoic acid; Mycophenolate; Mycophenolsaeure; Myfortic; mycophenolic acid; Acide mycophenolique; Acido micofenolico; Acido micofenolico [INN-Spanish]; Acidum mycophenolicum; Lilly-68618; Ly 68618; Melbex; (4E)-6-(4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-methylhex-4-enoic acid; 24280-93-1; 6-(4-Hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-5-phthalanyl)-4-methyl-4-hexenoic acid; CCRIS 5565; NSC 129185; NSC-129185; UNII-HU9DX48N0T

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Crohn disease	DD70	Approved	[1]
Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma		Approved	[2]
Interstitial cystitis	GC00.3	Approved	[3]
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia	2A90.1	Approved	[2]
Leukemia		Approved	[4]
Lupus nephritis	4A40.0Y	Approved	[5]
MALT lymphoma		Approved	[2]
Myeloid leukaemia	2B33.1	Approved	[6]
Myeloproliferative neoplasm	2A20	Approved	[7]
Nodal marginal zone lymphoma	2A85.0	Approved	[2]
Primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified		Approved	[2]
Recurrent adult burkitt lymphoma	2A85.6	Approved	[2]
Small intestine lymphoma		Approved	[2]
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma		Approved	[2]
Systemic lupus erythematosus	4A40.0	Approved	[8]
Testicular lymphoma		Approved	[2]
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma		Investigative	[9]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)	1D6Y	Investigative	[10]
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)	1D64	Investigative	[11]

Cross-matching ID

PubChem CID: 446541
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:168396
CAS Number: CAS 483-60-3
TTD Drug ID: DMRBMAU
INTEDE Drug ID: DR1119

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule Type:

DTT

DTP

DME

Drug Status:

Approved Drug(s)

Download the Complete Related Drug List

Drug(s) Targeting MERS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Disulfiram	DMCL2OK	Alcohol dependence	6C40.2	Approved	[15]
Thioguanine	DM7NKEV	Acute lymphocytic leukaemia	2B33.3	Approved	[16]
Mercaptopurine	DMTM2IK	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[16]
PMID30940566-compound-6	DMXCKL9	Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)	1D64	Preclinical	[17]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug(s) Transported By Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[18]
Methotrexate	DM2TEOL	Anterior urethra cancer		Approved	[19]
Folic Acid	DMEMBJC	Colorectal carcinoma		Approved	[20]
Fluorouracil	DMUM7HZ	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[21]
Dinoprostone	DMTYOPD	Medical abortion	JA00.1Z	Approved	[22]
Cisplatin	DMRHGI9	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[23]
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[24]
Sulfasalazine	DMICA9H	Irritable bowel syndrome	DD91.0	Approved	[25]
Etoposide	DMNH3PG	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[26]
Oxaliplatin	DMQNWRD	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[27]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Drug(s) Transported By Organic anion transporter 1 (SLC22A6)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Amoxicillin	DMUYNEI	Acute otitis media	AB00	Approved	[28]
Methotrexate	DM2TEOL	Anterior urethra cancer		Approved	[29]
Dinoprostone	DMTYOPD	Medical abortion	JA00.1Z	Approved	[30]
Zidovudine	DM4KI7O	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[31]
Aciclovir	DMYLOVR	Genital herpes	1A94	Approved	[31]
Ganciclovir	DM1MBYQ	Cytomegalovirus infection	1D82	Approved	[31]
Cefazolin	DMPDYFR	Bacteremia	1A73	Approved	[32]
Olmesartan medoxomil	DMWBHRY	High blood pressure	BA00	Approved	[33]
Zalcitabine	DMH7MUV	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[34]
FLUORESCEIN	DMQTFAO	Ocular disease	1F00.1Z	Approved	[35]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Drug(s) Metabolized By UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[36]
Zidovudine	DM4KI7O	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[37]
Diclofenac	DMPIHLS	Chronic renal failure	GB61.Z	Approved	[38]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[39]
Mycophenolate mofetil	DMPQAGE	Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma		Approved	[40]
Ibuprofen	DM8VCBE	Dysmenorrhea	GA34.3	Approved	[38]
PITAVASTATIN CALCIUM	DM1UJO0	Dyslipidemia	5C80-5C81	Approved	[41]
Troglitazone	DM3VFPD	Diabetic complication	5A2Y	Approved	[42]
Ezetimibe	DM7A8TW	Atherosclerosis	BD40	Approved	[43]
Simvastatin	DM30SGU	Arteriosclerosis	BD40	Approved	[44]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Drug(s) Metabolized By UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 (UGT1A9)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[45]
Diclofenac	DMPIHLS	Chronic renal failure	GB61.Z	Approved	[46]
Sorafenib	DMS8IFC	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[47]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[38]
Mycophenolate mofetil	DMPQAGE	Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma		Approved	[48]
Propofol	DMB4OLE	Anaesthesia	9A78.6	Approved	[38]
Ibuprofen	DM8VCBE	Dysmenorrhea	GA34.3	Approved	[38]
Troglitazone	DM3VFPD	Diabetic complication	5A2Y	Approved	[49]
Nateglinide	DMLK2QH	Diabetic complication	5A2Y	Approved	[38]
Haloperidol	DM96SE0	Delirium		Approved	[38]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Download the Complete Interaction Atlas for Visualization in Cytoscape

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
MERS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO)	TTYJOLE	R1AB_CVEMC (854-2740)	Inhibitor	[11]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2)	DTFI42L	MRP2_HUMAN	Substrate	[12]
Organic anion transporter 1 (SLC22A6)	DTQ23VB	S22A6_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7)	DEB3CV1	UD2B7_HUMAN	Substrate	[14]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 (UGT1A9)	DE85D2P	UD19_HUMAN	Substrate	[14]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

References

1	Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
2	A standard database for drug repositioning. Sci Data. 2017 Mar 14;4:170029.
3	Early termination of a trial of mycophenolate mofetil for treatment of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome: lessons learned. J Urol. 2011 Mar;185(3):901-6.
4	New conjugates of mycophenolic acid and their antiproliferative activity. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2016 Nov;18(11):1057-62.
5	2019 Update of the Joint European League Against Rheumatism and European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association (EULAR/ERA-EDTA) recommendations for the management of lupus nephritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Jun;79(6):713-723.
6	Mycophenolic Acid overcomes imatinib and nilotinib resistance of chronic myeloid leukemia cells by apoptosis or a senescent-like cell cycle arrest. Leuk Res Treatment. 2012;2012:861301.
7	Thiotepa, Busulfan, and Fludarabine Conditioning Regimen in T Cell-Replete HLA-Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2019 Jul;25(7):1407-1415.
8	Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Management in Pregnancy. Int J Womens Health. 2022 Feb 15;14:199-211.
9	Identification of potential drugs for diffuse large b-cell lymphoma based on bioinformatics and Connectivity Map database. Pathol Res Pract. 2018 Nov;214(11):1854-1867.
10	Associations between immune-suppressive and stimulating drugs and novel COVID-19-a systematic review of current evidence. Ecancermedicalscience. 2020 Mar 27;14:1022.
11	SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2016 Aug;14(8):523-34.
12	C-440T/T-331C polymorphisms in the UGT1A9 gene affect the pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid in kidney transplantation. Pharmacogenomics. 2007 Sep;8(9):1127-41.
13	Interaction and transport characteristics of mycophenolic acid and its glucuronide via human organic anion transporters hOAT1 and hOAT3. Biochem Pharmacol. 2007 Jun 30;74(1):161-8.
14	Diabetes mellitus reduces activity of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 in liver and kidney leading to decreased formation of mycophenolic acid acyl-glucuronide metabolite. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Mar;39(3):448-55.
15	Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2020 Mar;19(3):149-150.
16	Thiopurine analogs and mycophenolic acid synergistically inhibit the papain-like protease of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Antiviral Res. 2015 Mar;115:9-16.
17	Identification and Design of Novel Small Molecule Inhibitors Against MERS-CoV Papain-Like Protease via High-Throughput Screening and Molecular Modeling Bioorg Med Chem. 2019 May 15;27(10):1981-1989.
18	Involvement of the drug transporters p glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein Mrp2 in telithromycin transport. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Jan;50(1):80-7.
19	Dose-dependent disposition of methotrexate in Abcc2 and Abcc3 gene knockout murine models. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Nov;39(11):2155-61.
20	Mammalian multidrug-resistance proteins (MRPs). Essays Biochem. 2011 Sep 7;50(1):179-207.
21	Enhancing chemosensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma by lentivirus vector-mediated RNA interference targeting EGFR and MRP2. Oncol Lett. 2016 Sep;12(3):2107-2114.
22	Multidrug resistance associated protein 2 mediates transport of prostaglandin E2. Liver Int. 2006 Apr;26(3):362-8.
23	Lentivirus-mediated RNAi silencing targeting ABCC2 increasing the sensitivity of a human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line against cisplatin. J Transl Med. 2008 Oct 4;6:55.
24	Effect of acetaminophen on expression and activity of rat liver multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 and P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Aug 15;68(4):791-8.
25	Small intestinal efflux mediated by MRP2 and BCRP shifts sulfasalazine intestinal permeability from high to low, enabling its colonic targeting. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):G371-7.
26	Delineating the contribution of secretory transporters in the efflux of etoposide using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein (Pgp), multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1), and canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter (cMOAT). Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Apr;30(4):457-63.
27	Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 (MRP2) Mediated Transport of Oxaliplatin-Derived Platinum in Membrane Vesicles. PLoS One. 2015 Jul 1;10(7):e0130727.
28	The anti-influenza drug oseltamivir exhibits low potential to induce pharmacokinetic drug interactions via renal secretion-correlation of in vivo and in vitro studies. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Jan;30(1):13-9.
29	Transport of aminopterin by human organic anion transporters hOAT1 and hOAT3: Comparison with methotrexate. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2010;25(2):163-9.
30	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Apr;301(1):293-8.
31	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal antiviral transport. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Mar;300(3):918-24.
32	Expression levels of renal organic anion transporters (OATs) and their correlation with anionic drug excretion in patients with renal diseases. Pharm Res. 2004 Jan;21(1):61-7.
33	Multiple human isoforms of drug transporters contribute to the hepatic and renal transport of olmesartan, a selective antagonist of the angiotensin II AT1-receptor. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Dec;35(12):2166-76.
34	Interaction of zalcitabine with human organic anion transporter 1. Pharmazie. 2006 May;61(5):491-2.
35	Apical expression or expression in a non polarized cell of hOAT1 inverses regulation by epidermal growth factor (EGF) as compared to basolateral hOAT1. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2004;14(3):177-86.
36	Metabolism and transport of tamoxifen in relation to its effectiveness: new perspectives on an ongoing controversy. Future Oncol. 2014 Jan;10(1):107-22.
37	Determination of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT2B7 activity in human liver microsomes by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with MS detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2008 Jul 1;870(1):84-90.
38	Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
39	Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction of lorazepam and valproic acid in relation to UGT2B7 genetic polymorphism in healthy subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Apr;83(4):595-600.
40	PharmGKB summary: mycophenolic acid pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2014 Jan;24(1):73-9.
41	Pitavastatin: a review in hypercholesterolemia. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2017 Apr;17(2):157-168.
42	Troglitazone glucuronidation in human liver and intestine microsomes: high catalytic activity of UGT1A8 and UGT1A10. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Dec;30(12):1462-9.
43	Ezetimibe: a review of its metabolism, pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(5):467-94.
44	Pharmacogenomics of statins: understanding susceptibility to adverse effects. Pharmgenomics Pers Med. 2016 Oct 3;9:97-106.
45	Polymorphic expression of UGT1A9 is associated with variable acetaminophen glucuronidation in neonates: a population pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic study. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2018 Oct;57(10):1325-1336.
46	Glucuronidation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: identifying the enzymes responsible in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Jul;33(7):1027-35.
47	Pharmacokinetic interaction involving sorafenib and the calcium-channel blocker felodipine in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Invest New Drugs. 2011 Dec;29(6):1511-4.
48	The evolution of population pharmacokinetic models to describe the enterohepatic recycling of mycophenolic acid in solid organ transplantation and autoimmune disease. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2011 Jan;50(1):1-24.
49	The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 enzyme is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and gamma target gene. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):13975-83.