General Information of Drug (ID: DMVU687)

Drug Name
Esketamine Drug Info
Synonyms
(S)-Ketamine; l-Ketamine; (S)-(-)-Ketamine; 33643-46-8; S-Ketamine; UNII-50LFG02TXD; 50LFG02TXD; (S)-2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone; CHEBI:60799; esketamine HCl; (2S)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone; cyclohexanone, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-, (2S)-; 6740-88-1 (Parent); Esketamine [USAN:INN:BAN]; S-Ketamin; S-(-)-Ketamine; Esketamine (USAN/INN); AC1L4AD8; DSSTox_CID_27787; DSSTox_RID_82562; DSSTox_GSID_47810; SCHEMBL5512024; GTPL9152; CHEMBL395091; DTXSID6047810; YQEZ
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Depression 6A70-6A7Z Phase 3 [1]
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
182137
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:60799
CAS Number
CAS 33643-46-8
TTD Drug ID
DMVU687
INTEDE Drug ID
DR0621

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DME
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
L-Glutamic Acid DM4PUDW Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [4]
Cycloserine DMT1I52 Bacterial infection 1A00-1C4Z Approved [5]
Benzphetamine DMIJATC Obesity 5B81 Approved [6]
Ketamine DMT5HA4 Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [7]
Felbamate DM1V5ZS Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [8]
Memantine DMD9WSC Alzheimer disease 8A20 Approved [9]
Huperzine A DMMAWLU Alzheimer disease 8A20 Approved [10]
Levorphanol DMGS80V Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [11]
Magnesium Sulfate DMVEK07 Acute pain MG31 Approved [12]
Magnesium DMU4ORS Ischemic stroke 8B11.5Z Approved [13]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [14]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [15]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [16]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [17]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [18]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [19]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [20]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [21]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [15]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [22]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [23]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [24]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [25]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [26]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [27]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [26]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [28]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [29]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [30]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [31]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [32]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [26]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [33]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [25]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [34]
Irinotecan DMP6SC2 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [35]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [36]
Nicotine DMWX5CO Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [37]
Phenytoin DMNOKBV Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [38]
Amitriptyline DMK7F9S Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [39]
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Drug(s) Metabolized By Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Amoxicillin DMUYNEI Acute otitis media AB00 Approved [40]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [23]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [41]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [42]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [26]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [43]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [44]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [31]
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [45]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [46]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) TT9IK2Z NOUNIPROTAC Antagonist [1]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [2]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Substrate [2]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19) DEGTFWK CP2CJ_HUMAN Substrate [3]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) DEPKLMQ CP2B6_HUMAN Substrate [2]

References

1 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
2 Contribution of CYP3A4, CYP2B6, and CYP2C9 isoforms to N-demethylation of ketamine in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Jul;30(7):853-8.
3 Metabolism and metabolomics of ketamine: a toxicological approach. Forensic Sci Res. 2017 Feb 20;2(1):2-10.
4 Altered expression of genes involved in GABAergic transmission and neuromodulation of granule cell activity in the cerebellum of schizophrenia pati... Am J Psychiatry. 2008 Dec;165(12):1594-603.
5 How many modes of action should an antibiotic have Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2008 Oct;8(5):564-73.
6 Amphetamine inhibits the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated responses by directly interacting with the receptor/channel complex. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Mar;300(3):1008-16.
7 Ketamine modulates theta and gamma oscillations. J Cogn Neurosci. 2010 Jul;22(7):1452-64.
8 Molecular determinants of the anticonvulsant felbamate binding site in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. J Med Chem. 2008 Mar 27;51(6):1534-45.
9 The NMDA receptor antagonist memantine as a symptomatological and neuroprotective treatment for Alzheimer's disease: preclinical evidence. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2003 Sep;18(Suppl 1):S23-32.
10 Progress report on new antiepileptic drugs: a summary of the Ninth Eilat Conference (EILAT IX). Epilepsy Res. 2009 Jan;83(1):1-43.
11 Neuroprotective agents for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2003 Jan;3(1):9-20.
12 Magnesium sulfate diminishes the effects of amide local anesthetics in rat sciatic-nerve block. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2007 Jul-Aug;32(4):288-95.
13 Emerging drugs for acute ischemic stroke. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2009 Mar;14(1):33-42.
14 Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
15 Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
16 Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
17 Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
18 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
19 Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
20 Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
21 The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
22 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
23 Progesterone and testosterone hydroxylation by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2C9, and 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1997 Oct 1;346(1):161-9.
24 Tamoxifen inhibits cytochrome P450 2C9 activity in breast cancer patients. J Chemother. 2006 Aug;18(4):421-4.
25 Characterization of the oxidative metabolites of 17beta-estradiol and estrone formed by 15 selectively expressed human cytochrome p450 isoforms. Endocrinology. 2003 Aug;144(8):3382-98.
26 Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
27 Drug-drug interactions with imatinib: an observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Oct;95(40):e5076.
28 Drug interactions with calcium channel blockers: possible involvement of metabolite-intermediate complexation with CYP3A. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Feb;28(2):125-30.
29 New insights into the structural features and functional relevance of human cytochrome P450 2C9. Part I. Curr Drug Metab. 2009 Dec;10(10):1075-126.
30 A potential role for the estrogen-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes in human breast carcinogenesis. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Dec;82(3):191-7.
31 A mechanistic approach to antiepileptic drug interactions. Ann Pharmacother. 1998 May;32(5):554-63.
32 Effect of tamoxifen on the enzymatic activity of human cytochrome CYP2B6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Jun;301(3):945-52.
33 Hepatic metabolism of diclofenac: role of human CYP in the minor oxidative pathways. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Sep 1;58(5):787-96.
34 Insights into CYP2B6-mediated drug-drug interactions. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2016 Sep;6(5):413-425.
35 Drugs that may have potential CYP2B6 interactions.
36 Involvement of human cytochrome P450 2B6 in the omega- and 4-hydroxylation of the anesthetic agent propofol. Xenobiotica. 2007 Jul;37(7):717-24.
37 Nicotine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-butanone metabolism by cytochrome P450 2B6. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Dec;33(12):1760-4.
38 PharmGKB summary: phenytoin pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2012 Jun;22(6):466-70.
39 Application of the relative activity factor approach in scaling from heterologously expressed cytochromes p450 to human liver microsomes: studies on amitriptyline as a model substrate. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Apr;297(1):326-37.
40 High-dose rabeprazole/amoxicillin therapy as the second-line regimen after failure to eradicate H. pylori by triple therapy with the usual doses of a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and amoxicillin. Hepatogastroenterology. 2003 Nov-Dec;50(54):2274-8.
41 Cytochrome P450 pharmacogenetics and cancer. Oncogene. 2006 Mar 13;25(11):1679-91.
42 CYP2C19*17 is associated with decreased breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 May;115(2):391-6.
43 Cytochromes of the P450 2C subfamily are the major enzymes involved in the O-demethylation of verapamil in humans. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;353(1):116-21.
44 Diclofenac and its derivatives as tools for studying human cytochromes P450 active sites: particular efficiency and regioselectivity of P450 2Cs. Biochemistry. 1999 Oct 26;38(43):14264-70.
45 Organic anion-transporting polypeptide B (OATP-B) and its functional comparison with three other OATPs of human liver. Gastroenterology. 2001 Feb;120(2):525-33.
46 Possible involvement of multiple human cytochrome P450 isoforms in the liver metabolism of propofol. Br J Anaesth. 1998 Jun;80(6):788-95.