Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMMV0KW)

Drug Name
Ephedrine
Synonyms
Biophedrin; Eciphin; Efedrin; Ephedral; Ephedremal; Ephedrin; Ephedrital; Ephedrol; Ephedrosan; Ephedrotal; Ephedsol; Ephendronal; Ephoxamin; Fedrin; Kratedyn; Lexofedrin; Manadrin; Mandrin; Nasol; Racephedrine; Sanedrine; Vencipon; Zephrol; CPDD 0049; D-Ephedrine; Ephedrine (TN); Ephedrine (USP); Ephedrine [USAN:BAN]; Ephedrine l-form; I-Sedrin; L-Ephedrine; L(-)-Ephedrine; L-(+)-Ephedrine; L-(-)-Ephedrine; (+)-Ephedrin; (1R,2R)-Ephedrine; (1S,2R)-Ephedrine; (L)-EPHEDRINE; 1-EPHEDRINE; 1-Sedrin
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [1]
Asthma CA23 Approved [2]
Bronchitis CA20 Approved [1]
Common cold CA00 Approved [1]
Headache 8A80-8A84 Approved [1]
Rhinitis FA20 Approved [1]
Seasonal allergic rhinitis CA08.01 Approved [1]
Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis CA08 Approved [1]
Sinusitis CA0A.Z Investigative [1]
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Therapeutic Class
Central Nervous System Stimulants
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0 Molecular Weight (mw) 165.23
Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp) 0.9
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 2
ADMET Property
Absorption Cmax
The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of drug is 79.5 mcg/L [3]
Absorption Tmax
The time to maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) is 1.81 h [3]
Clearance
The clearance of drug is 23.3 L/h [3]
Elimination
Approximately 60% is eliminated as the unmetabolized parent compound, 13% as benzoic acid conjugates, and 1% as 1,2-dihydroxypropylbenzene [4]
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 6 hours [3]
Vd
The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 215.6 L [3]
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C10H15NO
IUPAC Name
(1R,2S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol
Canonical SMILES
C[C@@H]([C@@H](C1=CC=CC=C1)O)NC
InChI
InChI=1S/C10H15NO/c1-8(11-2)10(12)9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-8,10-12H,1-2H3/t8-,10-/m0/s1
InChIKey
KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
9294
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:15407
CAS Number
299-42-3
DrugBank ID
DB01364
TTD ID
D0LG8E
INTEDE ID
DR0586
ACDINA ID
D00233
Repurposed Drugs (RPD) Click to Jump to the Detailed RPD Information of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) TTEX248 DRD2_HUMAN Agonist [5]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1)
Main DME 		DEYWLRK ST1A1_HUMAN Substrate [6]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Protein c-Fos (FOS) OTJBUVWS FOS_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [7]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

The Studied Disease Allergic rhinitis
ICD Disease Classification CA08.0
Molecule Name Molecule Type Gene Name p-value Fold-Change Z-score
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) DTT DRD2 2.50E-02 -0.08 -0.49
Sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1) DME SULT1A1 8.47E-01 3.57E-02 1.73E-01
Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Ephedrine (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Sodium bicarbonate DMMU6BJ Moderate as urine pH determines the ionization state of weakly acidic or weakly alkaline drugs. Ephedrine caused by Sodium bicarbonate mediated altered urine pH. Acidosis [5C73] [8]
Tromethamine DMOBLGK Moderate as urine pH determines the ionization state of weakly acidic or weakly alkaline drugs. Ephedrine caused by Tromethamine mediated altered urine pH. Acidosis [5C73] [8]
Methylene blue DMJAPE7 Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Ephedrine and Methylene blue. Acquired methaemoglobinaemia [3A93] [9]
Droxidopa DM5YF4M Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Ephedrine and Droxidopa. Autonomic nervous system disorder [8D87] [10]
Levomilnacipran DMV26S8 Moderate Increased risk of rapid heart rate by the combination of Ephedrine and Levomilnacipran. Chronic pain [MG30] [11]
Milnacipran DMBFE74 Moderate Increased risk of rapid heart rate by the combination of Ephedrine and Milnacipran. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [11]
Desvenlafaxine DMHD4PE Moderate Increased risk of rapid heart rate by the combination of Ephedrine and Desvenlafaxine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [11]
SODIUM CITRATE DMHPD2Y Moderate as urine pH determines the ionization state of weakly acidic or weakly alkaline drugs. Ephedrine caused by SODIUM CITRATE mediated altered urine pH. Discovery agent [N.A.] [8]
Sodium acetate anhydrous DMH21E0 Moderate as urine pH determines the ionization state of weakly acidic or weakly alkaline drugs. Ephedrine caused by Sodium acetate anhydrous mediated altered urine pH. Hypo-osmolality/hyponatraemia [5C72] [8]
Polyethylene glycol DM4I1JP Moderate Increased risk of lowers seizure threshold by the combination of Ephedrine and Polyethylene glycol. Irritable bowel syndrome [DD91] [12]
Ozanimod DMT6AM2 Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Ephedrine and Ozanimod. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [9]
Safinamide DM0YWJC Moderate Decreased metabolism of Ephedrine caused by Safinamide mediated inhibition of non-CYP450 enzyme. Parkinsonism [8A00] [13]
Rasagiline DM3WKQ4 Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Ephedrine and Rasagiline. Parkinsonism [8A00] [9]
Levomepromazine DMIKFEL Moderate Antagonize the effect of Ephedrine when combined with Levomepromazine. Psychotic disorder [6A20-6A25] [14]
⏷ Show the Full List of 14 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG
DIG Name DIG ID PubChem CID Functional Classification
FD&C red no. 3 E00629 Not Available Colorant
Magnesium stearate E00208 11177 lubricant
Pharmaceutical Formulation
Formulation Name Drug Dosage Dosage Form Route
Ephedrine 25 mg capsule 25 mg Oral Capsule Oral
Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

1 Ephedrine FDA Label
2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 556).
3 The pharmacokinetics of ephedrine after oral dosage in asthmatics receiving acute and chronic treatment. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1976 Feb;3(1):123-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1976.tb00579.x.
4 Sever PS, Dring LG, Williams RT: The metabolism of (-)-ephedrine in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1975 Dec 19;9(2-3):193-8. doi: 10.1007/bf00614017.
5 The effect of alpha-2 adrenergic agonists on memory and cognitive flexibility. Cogn Behav Neurol. 2006 Dec;19(4):204-7.
6 Benzylic alcohols as stereospecific substrates and inhibitors for aryl sulfotransferase. Chirality. 1991;3(2):104-11.
7 Selection of drugs to test the specificity of the Tg.AC assay by screening for induction of the gadd153 promoter in vitro. Toxicol Sci. 2003 Aug;74(2):260-70. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfg113. Epub 2003 May 2.
8 Brater DC, Kaojarern S, Benet LZ, et al "Renal excretion of pseudoephedrine." Clin Pharmacol Ther 28 (1980): 690-4. [PMID: 7438686]
9 Ban TA "Drug interactions with psychoactive drugs." Dis Nerv Syst 36 (1975): 164-6. [PMID: 1116424]
10 Product Information. Northera (droxidopa). Chelsea Therapeutics Inc, Charlotte, NC.
11 Product Information. Cymbalta (duloxetine). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
12 Product Information. Suprep Bowel Prep Kit (magnesium/potassium/sodium sulfates). Braintree Laboratories, Braintree, MA.
13 Agencia Espaola de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios Healthcare "Centro de informacion online de medicamentos de la AEMPS - CIMA.".
14 Achor MB, Extein I "Diet aids, mania, and affective illness" Am J Psychiatry 138 (1981): 392. [PMID: 7468847]