General Information of Drug (ID: DMTW6IU)

Drug Name
Methadone Drug Info
Synonyms
Adanon; Algovetin; Althose; Amidon; Amidone; Biscuits; Dextromethadone; Diaminon; Dollies; Dolly; Dolophin; Dolophine; Heptadone; Heptanon; Ketalgin; Levometadona; Levomethadonum; Levothyl; Metadona; Metadone; Metasedin; Methadon; Methadona; Methadonum; Methaquaione; Phenadone; Polamidone; Polamivet; Westadone; Dolophine HCL; Levomethadone [INN]; Metadona [Spanish]; Metadone [DCIT]; Methadona [Spanish]; Methadone HCL Intensol; Methadone M; Methadonum [Latin]; Racemic methadone; A 4624; AN 148; Hoechst 10820; K 174; Amidone (TN); D-Methadone; Dl-Methadone; Dolophine (TN); Heptadon (TN); Heptanon (pharmaceutical); L-Methadone; L-Polamidon; L-Polamivet; Levometadona [INN-Spanish]; Levomethadonum [INN-Latin]; Metadona [INN-Spanish]; Methadone (BAN); Methadone [INN:BAN]; Methadonum [INN-Latin]; Methadose (TN); Physeptone (TN); Sedo-Rapide; Symoron (TN); Dolophine (*Hydrochloride*); Fenadone (*Hydrochloride*); Heptadone (*Hydrochloride*); Heptanon (*Hydrochloride*); Hoescht 10820 (*Hydrochloride*); Phenadone (*Hydrochloride*); AN-148 (*Hydrochloride*); L-(+)-Methadone; S-(+)-Methadone; D-6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanone; L-6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanone; (+)-Methadone; (+-)-Methadone; (+/-)-Methadone; (+/-)-Tussal; (-)-(R)-6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanone; (-)-Methadone; (6R)-Methadone; (R)-6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanone; (R)-6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl-3-hetpanone; (S)-6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanone; 3-Hetpanone, 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl-, (R)-(9CI); 6-(Dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanone dl-mixture; 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one; 6-Dimethylamino-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanone; 6-dimethylamino-4,4-di(phenyl)heptan-3-one; 6S-Methadone
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Advanced cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [1]
Dry cough MD12 Approved [2]
Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [1]
Therapeutic Class
Analgesics
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
4095
ChEBI ID
CHEMBL6807
CAS Number
CAS 76-99-3
TTD Drug ID
DMTW6IU
VARIDT Drug ID
DR00141
INTEDE Drug ID
DR1039
ACDINA Drug ID
D00406

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DTP
DME
DOT
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Drug(s) Targeting Opioid receptor (OPR)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Ketobemidone DMM3L6Z Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [13]
Oxymorphone DM65AGJ Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [14]
Dextropropoxyphene DM23HCX Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [15]
Sufentanil DMU7YEL Analgesia MB40.8 Approved [16]
Naltrexone DMUL45H Alcohol dependence 6C40.2 Approved [17]
Levorphanol DMGS80V Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [18]
Pentazocine DM1XBHS Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [19]
Nalmefene DM4YWCZ Opioid dependence 6C43.2Z Approved [20]
Tilidine DMJW0VS Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [21]
Dihydrocodeine DMB0FWL Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Phase 4 [22]
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Drug(s) Transported By P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Amoxicillin DMUYNEI Acute otitis media AB00 Approved [23]
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [24]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [25]
Folic Acid DMEMBJC Colorectal carcinoma Approved [26]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [25]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [25]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [27]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [25]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [28]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [29]
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Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [30]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [31]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [32]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [33]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [34]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [35]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [36]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [37]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [31]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [38]
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Drug(s) Metabolized By Aromatase (CYP19A1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [39]
Letrozole DMH07Y3 Estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer Approved [40]
Nandrolone DMFWKG1 Osteoporosis FB83.0 Approved [41]
Levomethadyl acetate hydrochloride DM429AE N. A. N. A. Approved [42]
Testosterone cypionate DMC1TEV N. A. N. A. Approved [43]
Dihydrotestosterone DM3S8XC Prostate hyperplasia GA90 Phase 4 [44]
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Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [45]
Dinoprostone DMTYOPD Medical abortion JA00.1Z Approved [46]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [47]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [48]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [49]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [50]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [36]
Oxaliplatin DMQNWRD Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [51]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [52]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [53]
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Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [54]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [55]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [56]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [34]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [38]
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [57]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [58]
Dopamine DMPGUCF Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [59]
Nicotine DMWX5CO Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [60]
Propranolol DM79NTF Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [61]
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Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [62]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [63]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [63]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [63]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [64]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [65]
Sorafenib DMS8IFC Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [63]
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [63]
Irinotecan DMP6SC2 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [63]
Metronidazole DMTIVEN Abscess Approved [66]
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Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2C18 (CYP2C18)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [64]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [67]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [68]
Phenytoin DMNOKBV Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [64]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [69]
Diazepam DM08E9O Alcohol withdrawal Approved [70]
Dapsone DM4LT8A Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [71]
Lidocaine DML4ZOT Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [64]
Phenobarbital DMXZOCG Cluster headache 8A81.0 Approved [72]
Ifosfamide DMCT3I8 Adult central nervous system germ cell tumor Approved [73]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [45]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [74]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [74]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [64]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [75]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [76]
Sorafenib DMS8IFC Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [77]
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [74]
Mycophenolate mofetil DMPQAGE Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma Approved [78]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [68]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [79]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [80]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [81]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [64]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [82]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [64]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [83]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [84]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [85]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [86]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [87]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [64]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [88]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [81]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [89]
Irinotecan DMP6SC2 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [90]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [91]
Nicotine DMWX5CO Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [92]
Phenytoin DMNOKBV Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [93]
Amitriptyline DMK7F9S Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [94]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Amoxicillin DMUYNEI Acute otitis media AB00 Approved [95]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [79]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [96]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [97]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [64]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [98]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [67]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [86]
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [99]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [68]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Flupentixol DM0DJ9O Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [100]
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [101]
Crizotinib DM4F29C Non-small-cell lung cancer 2C25.Y Approved [102]
Lamotrigine DM8SXYG Bipolar disorder 6A60 Approved [103]
Cepharanthine DM9Y5JB N. A. N. A. Approved [104]
Itraconazole DMCR1MV Aspergillosis 1F20 Approved [105]
Clozapine DMFC71L Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [106]
Midostaurin DMI6E0R Acute myeloid leukaemia 2A60 Approved [107]
Trifluoperazine DMKBYWI Anxiety Approved [108]
Olanzapine DMPFN6Y Bipolar depression Approved [106]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Imipramine DM2NUH3 Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [9]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [109]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [110]
Panobinostat DM58WKG Chronic graft versus host disease Approved [111]
Disopyramide DM5SYZP Long QT syndrome BC65.0 Approved [9]
Chlorpromazine DMBGZI3 Acute intermittent hepatic porphyria 5C58.11 Approved [9]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Hot flushes GA30 Approved [112]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Congenital alopecia LC30 Approved [112]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [113]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [114]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [115]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [116]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [117]
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [118]
Beta-carotene DM0RXBT Vitamin deficiency 5B55-5B71 Approved [119]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [120]
Secobarbital DM14RF5 Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [121]
Gefitinib DM15F0X Colon adenocarcinoma Approved [122]
Fexofenadine DM17ONX Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [123]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [124]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Ethanol DMDRQZU Chronic pain MG30 Approved [125]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [116]
Carvedilol DMHTEAO Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [126]
Paclitaxel DMLB81S Breast carcinoma Approved [127]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [128]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [115]
Urokinase DM0GOUD Myocardial infarction BA41-BA43 Approved [129]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [130]
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [118]
Beta-carotene DM0RXBT Vitamin deficiency 5B55-5B71 Approved [119]
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Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome c (CYCS)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [130]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [131]
Gefitinib DM15F0X Colon adenocarcinoma Approved [132]
Leuprorelin acetate DM15HAT Prostate cancer 2C82.0 Approved [133]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [134]
Nitric Oxide DM1RBYG Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [135]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [136]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [109]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [137]
Pefloxacin DM49IGF Gonococcal urethritis 1A70.0Y Approved [138]
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Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Opioid receptor (OPR) TTN4QDT NOUNIPROTAC Agonist [3]

Drug Transporter (DTP)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID MOA REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [4]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) Main DME DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) DECB0K3 CP2D6_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19) Main DME DEGTFWK CP2CJ_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Substrate [6]
Aromatase (CYP19A1) DEQX145 CP19A_HUMAN Substrate [7]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) Main DME DEPKLMQ CP2B6_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) DES5XRU CP2C8_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7) DERD86B CP3A7_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Cytochrome P450 2C18 (CYP2C18) DEZMWRE CP2CI_HUMAN Substrate [8]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 2 (ORM2) OTRJGZP8 A1AG2_HUMAN Protein Interaction/Cellular Processes [9]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1) OTEJROBO MDR1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [10]
Cytochrome c (CYCS) OTBFALJD CYC_HUMAN Protein Interaction/Cellular Processes [11]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Post-Translational Modifications [12]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Post-Translational Modifications [12]

References

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9 Binding of disopyramide, methadone, dipyridamole, chlorpromazine, lignocaine and progesterone to the two main genetic variants of human alpha 1-acid glycoprotein: evidence for drug-binding differences between the variants and for the presence of two separate drug-binding sites on alpha 1-acid glycoprotein. Pharmacogenetics. 1996 Oct;6(5):403-15. doi: 10.1097/00008571-199610000-00004.
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11 Methadone induces necrotic-like cell death in SH-SY5Y cells by an impairment of mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Nov;1802(11):1036-47. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.07.024. Epub 2010 Aug 3.
12 opioid receptor agonist-selective regulation of interleukin-4 in T lymphocytes. J Neuroimmunol. 2013 Oct 15;263(1-2):35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.07.012. Epub 2013 Jul 25.
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15 Retrospective diagnosis of an adverse drug reaction in a breastfed neonate: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantification of dextropropoxyphene and norpropoxyphene in newborn and maternal hair. J Anal Toxicol. 2008 Nov-Dec;39(9):787-9.
16 mu-opioid receptor-stimulated synthesis of reactive oxygen species is mediated via phospholipase D2. J Neurochem. 2009 Aug;110(4):1288-96.
17 An evaluation of mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) as a predictor of naltrexone response in the treatment of alcohol dependence: results from the Combined Pharmacotherapies and Behavioral Interventions for Alcohol Dependence (COMBINE) study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008 Feb;65(2):135-44.
18 Comparison of the effects of dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, and levorphanol on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 May;309(2):515-22.
19 Functional characterization of a sigma receptor and its gene expression by haloperidol. Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 1999 Jul;114(1):61-8.
20 Unconditioned behavioral effects of the powerful kappa-opioid hallucinogen salvinorin A in nonhuman primates: fast onset and entry into cerebrospin... J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Feb;328(2):588-97.
21 Actions of tilidine and nortilidine on cloned opioid receptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005 Jan 4;506(3):205-8.
22 Affinities of dihydrocodeine and its metabolites to opioid receptors. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2002 Aug;91(2):57-63.
23 Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
24 MDR1 (ABCB1) G1199A (Ser400Asn) polymorphism alters transepithelial permeability and sensitivity to anticancer agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2009 Jun;64(1):183-8.
25 Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
26 Folate transporter expression decreases in the human placenta throughout pregnancy and in pre-eclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2012 Apr;2(2):123-31.
27 Comparative studies on in vitro methods for evaluating in vivo function of MDR1 P-glycoprotein. Pharm Res. 2001 Dec;18(12):1660-8.
28 Antiestrogens and steroid hormones: substrates of the human P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):287-92.
29 Association of genetic polymorphisms in the influx transporter SLCO1B3 and the efflux transporter ABCB1 with imatinib pharmacokinetics in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Ther Drug Monit. 2011 Apr;33(2):244-50.
30 Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
31 Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
32 Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
33 Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
34 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
35 Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
36 Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
37 The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
38 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
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