General Information of Disease (ID: DIS6L0CN)

Disease Name Primary myelofibrosis
Synonyms
myeloid metaplasia; myelofibrosis; myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia; bone marrow fibrosis; chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis; myelofibrosis, somatic; osteomyelofibrosis; aleukemic myelosis; myelosclerosis; myelosclerosis with myeloid metaplasia; AMM; megakaryocytic myelosclerosis; CIMF; myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia, somatic; primary myelofibrosis; idiopathic myelofibrosis; Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia; idiopathic bone marrow fibrosis
Disease Class 2A20: Myeloproliferative neoplasm
Definition
Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia is a myeloproliferative disease with annual incidence of approximately 1 case per 100,000 individuals and age at diagnosis around 60 (an increased prevalence is noted in Ashkenazi Jews). Clinical manifestations depend on the type of blood cell affected and may include anemia, pallor, splenomegaly, hypermetabolic state, petechiae, ecchymosis, bleeding, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, portal hypertension.
Disease Hierarchy
DIS5KAPA: Myeloproliferative neoplasm
DISCMKMX: Acquired aplastic anemia
DIS6L0CN: Primary myelofibrosis
ICD Code
ICD-11
ICD-11: 2A20.2
ICD-10
ICD-10: D47.4
Expand ICD-10
C90,C94,D47,D69,D75,P61
Expand ICD-9
203.0,287.3,287.4,287.5,289.0,289.83,776.4
Disease Identifiers
MONDO ID
MONDO_0009692
MESH ID
D055728
UMLS CUI
C0001815
MedGen ID
7929
Orphanet ID
824
SNOMED CT ID
128843003

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 2 Approved Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
Panobinostat DM58WKG Approved Small molecular drug [1]
Sunitinib DMCBJSR Approved Small molecular drug [2]
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Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
This Disease Is Related to 21 DTT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
BCL2L2 TTQ79W8 Limited Altered Expression [3]
HDAC11 TT8K17W Limited Biomarker [4]
THPO TTCG5PE Limited Genetic Variation [5]
CSF3R TTC70AJ moderate Genetic Variation [6]
FKBP4 TTHY0FT moderate Altered Expression [7]
FKBP5 TT0J5KQ moderate Altered Expression [7]
FLT3 TTGJCWZ moderate Biomarker [8]
IRAK1 TTXAJWN moderate Altered Expression [9]
SCT TTOBVIN moderate Biomarker [10]
ABL1 TT6B75U Strong Biomarker [11]
CD34 TTZAVYN Strong Altered Expression [12]
EZH2 TT9MZCQ Strong Genetic Variation [13]
GADD45B TTMDW9L Strong Altered Expression [14]
HMGA2 TTSTVM0 Strong Altered Expression [15]
MVD TTE5J6X Strong Biomarker [16]
MYB TT8V13P Strong Biomarker [17]
PAOX TTNQ760 Strong Biomarker [18]
SF3B1 TTL2WUI Strong Genetic Variation [19]
SLCO2A1 TTKVTQO Strong Biomarker [20]
TNFRSF11B TT2CJ75 Strong Biomarker [21]
TRPC4 TTX0H5W Strong Altered Expression [22]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 21 DTT(s)
This Disease Is Related to 1 DTP Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTP ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
SLC25A20 DTQOUM4 Strong Genetic Variation [23]
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This Disease Is Related to 49 DOT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DOT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
BORA OTV2ZPKP Limited Altered Expression [24]
FGF3 OT9PK2SI Limited Biomarker [25]
GATA1 OTX1R7O1 Limited Genetic Variation [26]
INTS2 OT2N5TCK Limited Biomarker [25]
NCOR2 OTY917X0 Limited Biomarker [27]
FXYD5 OT81DIOD moderate Biomarker [28]
LEF1 OTWS5I5H moderate Altered Expression [29]
MMRN1 OT7ZNYHT moderate Biomarker [30]
NOG OTGRHHPG moderate Biomarker [31]
SETBP1 OTKGCOSR moderate Genetic Variation [32]
ABI1 OT5H4M62 Strong Biomarker [33]
AGGF1 OTA7U2T8 Strong Biomarker [34]
ATN1 OTNZFLKY Strong Biomarker [35]
BCR OTCN76C1 Strong Genetic Variation [36]
BMF OT90NSLI Strong Genetic Variation [37]
CD164 OTZ7FIU8 Strong Altered Expression [38]
CD177 OTS79FNF Strong Genetic Variation [3]
CNTNAP1 OT5Y03EU Strong Genetic Variation [39]
DERL1 OTJUS74N Strong Genetic Variation [40]
EDA OTAKS5WS Strong Biomarker [41]
ENC1 OTJEUB6U Strong Biomarker [14]
FIP1L1 OTF91GTL Strong Altered Expression [42]
FREM1 OTMHRV87 Strong Biomarker [14]
FZD2 OT952ML1 Strong Altered Expression [15]
GDF11 OTOSNMND Strong Genetic Variation [43]
HMGXB3 OTTZ1AS6 Strong Biomarker [44]
HMGXB4 OTB1QT9U Strong Biomarker [18]
INTS1 OT7TY1M1 Strong Biomarker [25]
INTS3 OT7NX4CD Strong Genetic Variation [45]
ITGA9 OTHN1IKA Strong Altered Expression [14]
JARID2 OT14UM8H Strong Biomarker [46]
LDHB OT9B1CT3 Strong Biomarker [47]
LIG3 OT48SKET Strong Altered Expression [48]
MPIG6B OTVNKQWA Strong Genetic Variation [49]
MYOM2 OTD2UOXW Strong Biomarker [50]
NBEAL2 OTMCAXWR Strong Genetic Variation [51]
NFE2 OTLM94BI Strong Biomarker [52]
NRM OTK7F9XZ Strong Biomarker [53]
PRB1 OTV0SYMD Strong Genetic Variation [24]
PRG2 OT0BCPQG Strong Altered Expression [54]
PRSS27 OTC4G4UF Strong Biomarker [55]
RARS1 OTHPZ6JN Strong Biomarker [56]
RPS14 OTB90KV5 Strong Biomarker [57]
SHOC2 OTUNQ2CT Strong Genetic Variation [58]
SNRPF OTZE5W6G Strong Biomarker [44]
SOAT1 OTB4Y5RJ Strong Biomarker [59]
SOCS6 OT2O5ZBK Strong Biomarker [60]
STIM2 OTYNXAW0 Strong Altered Expression [22]
STUB1 OTSUYI9A Strong Genetic Variation [61]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 49 DOT(s)

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7489).
2 Sunitinib FDA Label
3 Deregulation of apoptosis-related genes is associated with PRV1 overexpression and JAK2 V617F allele burden in Essential Thrombocythemia and Myelofibrosis.J Hematol Oncol. 2012 Feb 2;5:2. doi: 10.1186/1756-8722-5-2.
4 Increased gene expression of histone deacetylases in patients with Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms.Leuk Lymphoma. 2012 Jan;53(1):123-9. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2011.597905. Epub 2011 Aug 1.
5 Novel targets to cure primary myelofibrosis from studies on Gata1(low) mice.IUBMB Life. 2020 Jan;72(1):131-141. doi: 10.1002/iub.2198. Epub 2019 Nov 21.
6 An overview on CALR and CSF3R mutations and a proposal for revision of WHO diagnostic criteria for myeloproliferative neoplasms.Leukemia. 2014 Jul;28(7):1407-13. doi: 10.1038/leu.2014.35. Epub 2014 Jan 20.
7 Constitutive expression of the FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51) in bone marrow cells and megakaryocytes derived from idiopathic myelofibrosis and non-neoplastic haematopoiesis.Eur J Haematol. 2004 Apr;72(4):239-44. doi: 10.1046/j.0902-4441.2003.00204.x.
8 Pacritinib and its use in the treatment of patients with myelofibrosis who have thrombocytopenia.Future Oncol. 2018 Apr;14(9):797-807. doi: 10.2217/fon-2017-0494. Epub 2017 Dec 13.
9 Outcomes of patients with myelofibrosis treated with compassionate use pacritinib: a sponsor-independent international study.Ann Hematol. 2018 Aug;97(8):1369-1374. doi: 10.1007/s00277-018-3309-6. Epub 2018 Apr 3.
10 Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells remain of recipient origin after allogeneic SCT and do not harbor the JAK2V617F mutation in patients with myelofibrosis.Clin Exp Med. 2010 Sep;10(3):205-8. doi: 10.1007/s10238-009-0058-9. Epub 2009 Jul 23.
11 GATA-1: A potential novel biomarker for the differentiation of essential thrombocythemia and myelofibrosis.J Thromb Haemost. 2019 Jun;17(6):896-900. doi: 10.1111/jth.14433. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
12 Primary myelofibrosis marrow-derived CD14+/CD34- monocytes induce myelofibrosis-like phenotype in immunodeficient mice and give rise to megakaryocytes.PLoS One. 2019 Sep 30;14(9):e0222912. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222912. eCollection 2019.
13 ASXL1/EZH2 mutations promote clonal expansion of neoplastic HSC and impair erythropoiesis in PMF.Leukemia. 2019 Jan;33(1):99-109. doi: 10.1038/s41375-018-0159-0. Epub 2018 Jun 15.
14 Shared and Tissue-Specific Expression Signatures between Bone Marrow from Primary Myelofibrosis and Essential Thrombocythemia.Exp Hematol. 2019 Nov;79:16-25.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.10.001. Epub 2019 Nov 1.
15 Hmga2 promotes the development of myelofibrosis in Jak2(V617F) knockin mice by enhancing TGF-1 and Cxcl12 pathways.Blood. 2017 Aug 17;130(7):920-932. doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-12-757344. Epub 2017 Jun 21.
16 MPD-RC 101 prospective study of reduced-intensity allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with myelofibrosis.Blood. 2014 Aug 14;124(7):1183-91. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-04-572545. Epub 2014 Jun 24.
17 Clonal evolution revealed by whole genome sequencing in a case of primary myelofibrosis transformed to secondary acute myeloid leukemia.Leukemia. 2015 Apr;29(4):869-76. doi: 10.1038/leu.2014.289. Epub 2014 Sep 25.
18 Integrative analysis of copy number and gene expression data suggests novel pathogenetic mechanisms in primary myelofibrosis.Int J Cancer. 2016 Apr 1;138(7):1657-69. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29920. Epub 2015 Nov 25.
19 Non-driver mutations in patients with JAK2V617F-mutated polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia with long-term molecular follow-up.Ann Hematol. 2018 Mar;97(3):443-451. doi: 10.1007/s00277-017-3193-5. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
20 Prostaglandin transporter mutations cause pachydermoperiostosis with myelofibrosis.Hum Mutat. 2012 Aug;33(8):1175-81. doi: 10.1002/humu.22111. Epub 2012 May 29.
21 Osteoprotegerin abrogated cortical porosity and bone marrow fibrosis in a mouse model of constitutive activation of the PTH/PTHrP receptor.Am J Pathol. 2009 Jun;174(6):2160-71. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.081026. Epub 2009 Apr 23.
22 Enhanced expression of Stim, Orai, and TRPC transcripts and proteins in endothelial progenitor cells isolated from patients with primary myelofibrosis.PLoS One. 2014 Mar 6;9(3):e91099. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091099. eCollection 2014.
23 TP53 mutations and polymorphisms in primary myelofibrosis.Am J Hematol. 2012 Feb;87(2):204-6. doi: 10.1002/ajh.22216. Epub 2011 Nov 4.
24 Higher AURKA and PLK1 expression are associated with inferior overall survival in patients with myelofibrosis.Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2020 Mar;81:102396. doi: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2019.102396. Epub 2019 Dec 5.
25 Genetically inspired prognostic scoring system (GIPSS) outperforms dynamic international prognostic scoring system (DIPSS) in myelofibrosis patients.Am J Hematol. 2019 Jan;94(1):87-92. doi: 10.1002/ajh.25335. Epub 2018 Nov 25.
26 Highly sensitive detection of GATA1 mutations in patients with myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome by combining Sanger and targeted next generation sequencing.Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2020 Mar;59(3):160-167. doi: 10.1002/gcc.22816. Epub 2019 Oct 21.
27 Rescue of a primary myelofibrosis model by retinoid-antagonist therapy.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Nov 19;110(47):18820-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1318974110. Epub 2013 Nov 4.
28 Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with fludarabine, busulfan, and thiotepa conditioning is associated with favorable outcomes in myelofibrosis.Bone Marrow Transplant. 2020 Jan;55(1):147-156. doi: 10.1038/s41409-019-0653-7. Epub 2019 Aug 28.
29 Role of miR-34a-5p in Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Proliferation and Fate Decision: Novel Insights into the Pathogenesis of Primary Myelofibrosis.Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Jan 13;18(1):145. doi: 10.3390/ijms18010145.
30 The role of the extracellular matrix in primary myelofibrosis.Blood Cancer J. 2017 Feb 3;7(2):e525. doi: 10.1038/bcj.2017.6.
31 Increased SLAMF7(high) monocytes in myelofibrosis patients harboring JAK2V617F provide a therapeutic target of elotuzumab.Blood. 2019 Sep 5;134(10):814-825. doi: 10.1182/blood.2019000051. Epub 2019 Jul 3.
32 Coexisting of bone marrow fibrosis, dysplasia and an X chromosomal abnormality in chronic neutrophilic leukemia with CSF3R mutation: a case report and literature review.BMC Cancer. 2018 Mar 27;18(1):343. doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-4236-6.
33 Bone marrow-specific loss of ABI1 induces myeloproliferative neoplasm with features resembling human myelofibrosis.Blood. 2018 Nov 8;132(19):2053-2066. doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-05-848408. Epub 2018 Sep 13.
34 X-linked thrombocytopenia with thalassemia displays bone marrow reticulin fibrosis and enhanced angiogenesis: comparisons with primary myelofibrosis.Am J Hematol. 2015 Mar;90(3):E44-8. doi: 10.1002/ajh.23907. Epub 2015 Jan 16.
35 Sequential treatment of CD34+ cells from patients with primary myelofibrosis with chromatin-modifying agents eliminate JAK2V617F-positive NOD/SCID marrow repopulating cells.Blood. 2010 Dec 23;116(26):5972-82. doi: 10.1182/blood-2010-02-269696. Epub 2010 Sep 21.
36 Systematization of analytical studies of polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis, and a meta-analysis of the frequency of JAK2, CALR and MPL mutations: 2000-2018.BMC Cancer. 2019 Jun 17;19(1):590. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-5764-4.
37 Transforming growth factor - and interleukin 13-producing mast cells are associated with fibrosis in bone marrow.Hum Pathol. 2017 Apr;62:180-186. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.01.007. Epub 2017 Jan 31.
38 Molecular profiling of CD34+ cells in idiopathic myelofibrosis identifies a set of disease-associated genes and reveals the clinical significance of Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1).Stem Cells. 2007 Jan;25(1):165-73. doi: 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0351. Epub 2006 Sep 21.
39 p190 bcr-abl rearrangement: a secondary cytogenetic event in some chronic myeloid disorders?.Haematologica. 1999 Dec;84(12):1075-80.
40 Translocation t(1;9) is a recurrent cytogenetic abnormality associated with progression of essential thrombocythemia patients displaying the JAK2 V617F mutation.Leuk Res. 2011 Sep;35(9):1188-92. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2011.02.001. Epub 2011 Mar 3.
41 EDA fibronectin-TLR4 axis sustains megakaryocyte expansion and inflammation in bone marrow fibrosis.J Exp Med. 2019 Mar 4;216(3):587-604. doi: 10.1084/jem.20181074. Epub 2019 Feb 7.
42 Oncogenes in myeloproliferative disorders.Cell Cycle. 2007 Mar 1;6(5):550-66. doi: 10.4161/cc.6.5.3919. Epub 2007 Mar 24.
43 Luspatercept for the treatment of anemia in myelodysplastic syndromes and primary myelofibrosis.Blood. 2019 Feb 21;133(8):790-794. doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-11-876888. Epub 2019 Jan 2.
44 Post-ET and Post-PV Myelofibrosis: Updates on a Distinct Prognosis from Primary Myelofibrosis.Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 2018 Jun;13(3):173-182. doi: 10.1007/s11899-018-0453-y.
45 Identification of submicroscopic genetic changes and precise breakpoint mapping in myelofibrosis using high resolution mate-pair sequencing.Am J Hematol. 2013 Sep;88(9):741-6. doi: 10.1002/ajh.23495. Epub 2013 Aug 1.
46 miRNA-mRNA integrative analysis in primary myelofibrosis CD34+ cells: role of miR-155/JARID2 axis in abnormal megakaryopoiesis.Blood. 2014 Sep 25;124(13):e21-32. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-12-544197. Epub 2014 Aug 5.
47 Increased serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in Ph-negative chronic myeloproliferative diseases: a metabolic adaptation?.Hematology. 2006 Aug;11(4):239-44. doi: 10.1080/10245330600774835.
48 Transcriptional alteration of DNA repair genes in Philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms.Ann Hematol. 2019 Dec;98(12):2703-2709. doi: 10.1007/s00277-019-03836-2. Epub 2019 Nov 20.
49 Uncoupling ITIM receptor G6b-B from tyrosine phosphatases Shp1 and Shp2 disrupts murine platelet homeostasis.Blood. 2018 Sep 27;132(13):1413-1425. doi: 10.1182/blood-2017-10-802975. Epub 2018 Jun 11.
50 The presence of monoclonal gammopathy in Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms is associated with a detrimental effect on outcomes.Leuk Lymphoma. 2017 Nov;58(11):2582-2587. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1312380. Epub 2017 May 9.
51 A Case of Chronic Thrombocytopenia in a 17-Year-Old Female.Lab Med. 2019 Oct 10;50(4):406-420. doi: 10.1093/labmed/lmz013.
52 A role of NF-E2 in chronic inflammation and clonal evolution in essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera and myelofibrosis?.Leuk Res. 2014 Feb;38(2):263-6. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.07.002. Epub 2013 Aug 9.
53 Pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased nonrelapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for myelofibrosis.Bone Marrow Transplant. 2020 May;55(5):877-883. doi: 10.1038/s41409-019-0741-8. Epub 2019 Nov 6.
54 Clinical correlates of serum pro-major basic protein in a spectrum of eosinophilic disorders and myelofibrosis.Acta Haematol. 2008;120(3):158-64. doi: 10.1159/000178148. Epub 2008 Nov 28.
55 Improvement of the hematologic toxicities of ruxolitinib in patients with MPN-associated myelofibrosis using a combination of thalidomide, stanozolol and prednisone.Hematology. 2019 Dec;24(1):516-520. doi: 10.1080/16078454.2019.1631509.
56 The role of JAK2 mutations in RARS and other MDS.Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2008:52-9. doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2008.1.52.
57 The thrombopoietin/MPL axis is activated in the Gata1(low) mouse model of myelofibrosis and is associated with a defective RPS14 signature.Blood Cancer J. 2017 Jun 16;7(6):e572. doi: 10.1038/bcj.2017.51.
58 Expanding the SHOC2 mutation associated phenotype of Noonan syndrome with loose anagen hair: structural brain anomalies and myelofibrosis.Am J Med Genet A. 2013 Oct;161A(10):2420-30. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36098. Epub 2013 Aug 5.
59 Cytokine production in myelofibrosis exhibits differential responsiveness to JAK-STAT, MAP kinase, and NFB signaling.Leukemia. 2019 Aug;33(8):1978-1995. doi: 10.1038/s41375-019-0379-y. Epub 2019 Feb 4.
60 miR-494-3p overexpression promotes megakaryocytopoiesis in primary myelofibrosis hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells by targeting SOCS6.Oncotarget. 2017 Mar 28;8(13):21380-21397. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.15226.
61 Mutations associated with age-related clonal hematopoiesis in PMF patients with rapid progression to myelofibrosis.Leukemia. 2020 May;34(5):1364-1372. doi: 10.1038/s41375-019-0668-5. Epub 2019 Nov 27.