General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OT19PNNG)

DOT Name DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4)
Synonyms EC 3.6.4.12; CDC21 homolog; P1-CDC21
Gene Name MCM4
Related Disease
Aarskog-Scott syndrome, X-linked ( )
Adrenocortical insufficiency ( )
Cervical cancer ( )
Cervical carcinoma ( )
Colorectal carcinoma ( )
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( )
Fanconi's anemia ( )
Hepatocellular carcinoma ( )
Medulloblastoma ( )
Neoplasm ( )
Non-small-cell lung cancer ( )
Primary immunodeficiency with natural-killer cell deficiency and adrenal insufficiency ( )
Skin cancer ( )
Clear cell renal carcinoma ( )
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma ( )
Lung adenocarcinoma ( )
Meningioma ( )
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( )
Renal cell carcinoma ( )
X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita ( )
Cutaneous melanoma ( )
Squamous cell carcinoma ( )
UniProt ID
MCM4_HUMAN
3D Structure
Download
2D Sequence (FASTA)
Download
3D Structure (PDB)
Download
PDB ID
6XTX; 6XTY; 7PFO; 7PLO; 7W1Y; 7W68; 8B9D
EC Number
3.6.4.12
Pfam ID
PF00493 ; PF21128 ; PF17855 ; PF14551 ; PF17207
Sequence
MSSPASTPSRRGSRRGRATPAQTPRSEDARSSPSQRRRGEDSTSTGELQPMPTSPGVDLQ
SPAAQDVLFSSPPQMHSSAIPLDFDVSSPLTYGTPSSRVEGTPRSGVRGTPVRQRPDLGS
AQKGLQVDLQSDGAAAEDIVASEQSLGQKLVIWGTDVNVAACKENFQRFLQRFIDPLAKE
EENVGIDITEPLYMQRLGEINVIGEPFLNVNCEHIKSFDKNLYRQLISYPQEVIPTFDMA
VNEIFFDRYPDSILEHQIQVRPFNALKTKNMRNLNPEDIDQLITISGMVIRTSQLIPEMQ
EAFFQCQVCAHTTRVEMDRGRIAEPSVCGRCHTTHSMALIHNRSLFSDKQMIKLQESPED
MPAGQTPHTVILFAHNDLVDKVQPGDRVNVTGIYRAVPIRVNPRVSNVKSVYKTHIDVIH
YRKTDAKRLHGLDEEAEQKLFSEKRVELLKELSRKPDIYERLASALAPSIYEHEDIKKGI
LLQLFGGTRKDFSHTGRGKFRAEINILLCGDPGTSKSQLLQYVYNLVPRGQYTSGKGSSA
VGLTAYVMKDPETRQLVLQTGALVLSDNGICCIDEFDKMNESTRSVLHEVMEQQTLSIAK
AGIICQLNARTSVLAAANPIESQWNPKKTTIENIQLPHTLLSRFDLIFLLLDPQDEAYDR
RLAHHLVALYYQSEEQAEEELLDMAVLKDYIAYAHSTIMPRLSEEASQALIEAYVDMRKI
GSSRGMVSAYPRQLESLIRLAEAHAKVRLSNKVEAIDVEEAKRLHREALKQSATDPRTGI
VDISILTTGMSATSRKRKEELAEALKKLILSKGKTPALKYQQLFEDIRGQSDIAITKDMF
EEALRALADDDFLTVTGKTVRLL
Function
Acts as a component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. Core component of CDC45-MCM-GINS (CMG) helicase, the molecular machine that unwinds template DNA during replication, and around which the replisome is built. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity.
KEGG Pathway
D. replication (hsa03030 )
Cell cycle (hsa04110 )
Reactome Pathway
Unwinding of DNA (R-HSA-176974 )
Assembly of the pre-replicative complex (R-HSA-68867 )
Orc1 removal from chromatin (R-HSA-68949 )
Activation of the pre-replicative complex (R-HSA-68962 )
Switching of origins to a post-replicative state (R-HSA-69052 )
Activation of ATR in response to replication stress (R-HSA-176187 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

22 Disease(s) Related to This DOT
Disease Name Disease ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
Aarskog-Scott syndrome, X-linked DISNHV62 Strong Biomarker [1]
Adrenocortical insufficiency DISZ0CPT Strong Biomarker [2]
Cervical cancer DISFSHPF Strong Biomarker [3]
Cervical carcinoma DIST4S00 Strong Biomarker [3]
Colorectal carcinoma DIS5PYL0 Strong Genetic Variation [4]
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma DIS5N2GV Strong Biomarker [5]
Fanconi's anemia DISGW6Q8 Strong Biomarker [6]
Hepatocellular carcinoma DIS0J828 Strong Biomarker [7]
Medulloblastoma DISZD2ZL Strong Altered Expression [8]
Neoplasm DISZKGEW Strong Altered Expression [9]
Non-small-cell lung cancer DIS5Y6R9 Strong Altered Expression [10]
Primary immunodeficiency with natural-killer cell deficiency and adrenal insufficiency DIS7ZIZF Strong Autosomal recessive [11]
Skin cancer DISTM18U Strong Genetic Variation [12]
Clear cell renal carcinoma DISBXRFJ moderate Altered Expression [13]
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma DIS9UUVF moderate Biomarker [14]
Lung adenocarcinoma DISD51WR moderate Biomarker [15]
Meningioma DISPT4TG moderate Biomarker [16]
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma DISAOTQ0 moderate Biomarker [17]
Renal cell carcinoma DISQZ2X8 moderate Altered Expression [13]
X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita DISNMXY8 moderate Biomarker [18]
Cutaneous melanoma DIS3MMH9 Limited Altered Expression [19]
Squamous cell carcinoma DISQVIFL Limited Biomarker [20]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 22 Disease(s)
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DOT
40 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Valproate DMCFE9I Approved Valproate decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [21]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Approved Ciclosporin decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [22]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Approved Tretinoin decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [23]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Approved Acetaminophen increases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [24]
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Approved Doxorubicin decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [25]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Approved Estradiol increases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [26]
Ivermectin DMDBX5F Approved Ivermectin decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [27]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Approved Quercetin decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [28]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Approved Arsenic trioxide increases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [29]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Approved Hydrogen peroxide decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [30]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Approved Calcitriol decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [31]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Approved Testosterone decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [31]
Zoledronate DMIXC7G Approved Zoledronate increases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [33]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Approved Fluorouracil affects the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [34]
Demecolcine DMCZQGK Approved Demecolcine decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [35]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Approved Cannabidiol decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [36]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Approved Troglitazone decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [37]
Azathioprine DMMZSXQ Approved Azathioprine decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [38]
Irinotecan DMP6SC2 Approved Irinotecan decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [39]
Piroxicam DMTK234 Approved Piroxicam decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [40]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Approved Simvastatin decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [41]
Atropine DMEN6X7 Approved Atropine increases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [42]
Urethane DM7NSI0 Phase 4 Urethane decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [43]
Resveratrol DM3RWXL Phase 3 Resveratrol decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [44]
GSK2110183 DMZHB37 Phase 2 GSK2110183 decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [45]
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 Phase 1 Benzo(a)pyrene decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [46]
(+)-JQ1 DM1CZSJ Phase 1 (+)-JQ1 decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [47]
PMID28460551-Compound-2 DM4DOUB Patented PMID28460551-Compound-2 decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [49]
Geldanamycin DMS7TC5 Discontinued in Phase 2 Geldanamycin increases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [51]
THAPSIGARGIN DMDMQIE Preclinical THAPSIGARGIN decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [52]
Bisphenol A DM2ZLD7 Investigative Bisphenol A decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [53]
Trichostatin A DM9C8NX Investigative Trichostatin A decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [54]
Formaldehyde DM7Q6M0 Investigative Formaldehyde decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [35]
Coumestrol DM40TBU Investigative Coumestrol increases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [55]
Glyphosate DM0AFY7 Investigative Glyphosate decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [56]
Nickel chloride DMI12Y8 Investigative Nickel chloride decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [57]
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal DM2LJFZ Investigative 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [30]
Lithium chloride DMHYLQ2 Investigative Lithium chloride decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [58]
Manganese DMKT129 Investigative Manganese decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [59]
GW-3965 DMG60ET Investigative GW-3965 decreases the expression of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [60]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 40 Drug(s)
4 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Decitabine DMQL8XJ Approved Decitabine affects the methylation of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [32]
TAK-243 DM4GKV2 Phase 1 TAK-243 decreases the sumoylation of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [48]
PMID28870136-Compound-52 DMFDERP Patented PMID28870136-Compound-52 decreases the phosphorylation of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [50]
Coumarin DM0N8ZM Investigative Coumarin decreases the phosphorylation of DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4). [50]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

References

1 ACTH resistance: genes and mechanisms.Endocr Dev. 2013;24:57-66. doi: 10.1159/000342504. Epub 2013 Feb 1.
2 Partial MCM4 deficiency in patients with growth retardation, adrenal insufficiency, and natural killer cell deficiency.J Clin Invest. 2012 Mar;122(3):821-32. doi: 10.1172/JCI61014. Epub 2012 Feb 22.
3 HPV-type-specific response of cervical cancer cells to cisplatin after silencing replication licensing factor MCM4.Tumour Biol. 2015 Dec;36(12):9987-94. doi: 10.1007/s13277-015-3782-7. Epub 2015 Jul 19.
4 Copy number variation analysis and targeted NGS in 77 families with suspected Lynch syndrome reveals novel potential causative genes.Int J Cancer. 2018 Dec 1;143(11):2800-2813. doi: 10.1002/ijc.31725. Epub 2018 Oct 3.
5 The prognostic role of FZD6 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients.Clin Transl Oncol. 2020 Jul;22(7):1172-1179. doi: 10.1007/s12094-019-02243-3. Epub 2019 Nov 20.
6 Recessive mutations in MCM4/PRKDC cause a novel syndrome involving a primary immunodeficiency and a disorder of DNA repair.J Med Genet. 2012 Apr;49(4):242-5. doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2012-100803.
7 Distinct Diagnostic and Prognostic Values of Minichromosome Maintenance Gene Expression in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.J Cancer. 2018 Jun 12;9(13):2357-2373. doi: 10.7150/jca.25221. eCollection 2018.
8 The medulloblastoma cell line DAOY but not eleven other tumor cell lines expresses minichromosome maintenance protein 4.Cancer Lett. 2006 Jul 8;238(1):76-84. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2005.06.024. Epub 2005 Jul 26.
9 Over expression of minichromosome maintenance genes is clinically correlated to cervical carcinogenesis.PLoS One. 2013 Jul 17;8(7):e69607. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069607. Print 2013.
10 Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) protein 4 as a marker for proliferation and its clinical and clinicopathological significance in non-small cell lung cancer.Lung Cancer. 2011 May;72(2):229-37. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2010.08.020. Epub 2010 Sep 29.
11 A viable allele of Mcm4 causes chromosome instability and mammary adenocarcinomas in mice. Nat Genet. 2007 Jan;39(1):93-8. doi: 10.1038/ng1936. Epub 2006 Dec 3.
12 G364R mutation of MCM4 detected in human skin cancer cells affects DNA helicase activity of MCM4/6/7 complex.J Biochem. 2015 Jun;157(6):561-9. doi: 10.1093/jb/mvv015. Epub 2015 Feb 7.
13 Expression of minichromosome maintenance genes in renal cell carcinoma.Cancer Manag Res. 2017 Nov 15;9:637-647. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S146528. eCollection 2017.
14 Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) protein 4 overexpression is a potential prognostic marker for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.J BUON. 2017 Sep-Oct;22(5):1272-1277.
15 Prognostic significance of minichromosome maintenance mRNA expression in human lung adenocarcinoma.Oncol Rep. 2019 Dec;42(6):2279-2292. doi: 10.3892/or.2019.7330. Epub 2019 Sep 23.
16 Comparative protein profiling reveals minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins as novel potential tumor markers for meningiomas.J Proteome Res. 2010 Jan;9(1):485-94. doi: 10.1021/pr900834h.
17 Candidate pathways and genes for nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on bioinformatics study.Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Feb 1;8(2):2026-32. eCollection 2015.
18 MCM4 mutation causes adrenal failure, short stature, and natural killer cell deficiency in humans.J Clin Invest. 2012 Mar;122(3):814-20. doi: 10.1172/JCI60224. Epub 2012 Feb 22.
19 Expression of minichromosome maintenance proteins in Merkel cell carcinoma.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009 Oct;23(10):1184-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03285.x. Epub 2009 May 6.
20 Proteomic identification of potential biomarkers for cervical squamous cell carcinoma and human papillomavirus infection.Tumour Biol. 2017 Apr;39(4):1010428317697547. doi: 10.1177/1010428317697547.
21 Stem cell transcriptome responses and corresponding biomarkers that indicate the transition from adaptive responses to cytotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol. 2017 Apr 17;30(4):905-922.
22 Inter-laboratory comparison of human renal proximal tubule (HK-2) transcriptome alterations due to Cyclosporine A exposure and medium exhaustion. Toxicol In Vitro. 2009 Apr;23(3):486-99.
23 Development of a neural teratogenicity test based on human embryonic stem cells: response to retinoic acid exposure. Toxicol Sci. 2011 Dec;124(2):370-7.
24 Predictive toxicology using systemic biology and liver microfluidic "on chip" approaches: application to acetaminophen injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012 Mar 15;259(3):270-80.
25 Bringing in vitro analysis closer to in vivo: studying doxorubicin toxicity and associated mechanisms in 3D human microtissues with PBPK-based dose modelling. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Sep 15;294:184-192.
26 Epidermal growth factor receptor signalling in human breast cancer cells operates parallel to estrogen receptor alpha signalling and results in tamoxifen insensitive proliferation. BMC Cancer. 2014 Apr 23;14:283.
27 Quantitative proteomics reveals a broad-spectrum antiviral property of ivermectin, benefiting for COVID-19 treatment. J Cell Physiol. 2021 Apr;236(4):2959-2975. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30055. Epub 2020 Sep 22.
28 Quercetin potentiates apoptosis by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappaB signaling in H460 lung cancer cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 2013;36(6):944-51. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b12-01004.
29 Essential role of cell cycle regulatory genes p21 and p27 expression in inhibition of breast cancer cells by arsenic trioxide. Med Oncol. 2011 Dec;28(4):1225-54.
30 Microarray analysis of H2O2-, HNE-, or tBH-treated ARPE-19 cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2002 Nov 15;33(10):1419-32.
31 Effects of 1alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and testosterone on miRNA and mRNA expression in LNCaP cells. Mol Cancer. 2011 May 18;10:58.
32 Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme upregulates DNA-dependent protein kinase and enhances the nonhomologous end-joining repair of DNA double-strand breaks in human oral cancer cells. Biochemistry. 2007 Aug 7;46(31):8920-32. doi: 10.1021/bi7000328. Epub 2007 Jul 14.
33 The proapoptotic effect of zoledronic acid is independent of either the bone microenvironment or the intrinsic resistance to bortezomib of myeloma cells and is enhanced by the combination with arsenic trioxide. Exp Hematol. 2011 Jan;39(1):55-65.
34 Cell-type-specific responses to chemotherapeutics in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2004 Jun 15;64(12):4218-26.
35 Characterization of formaldehyde's genotoxic mode of action by gene expression analysis in TK6 cells. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Nov;87(11):1999-2012.
36 Cannabidiol-induced transcriptomic changes and cellular senescence in human Sertoli cells. Toxicol Sci. 2023 Feb 17;191(2):227-238. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac131.
37 Effects of ciglitazone and troglitazone on the proliferation of human stomach cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Jan 21;15(3):310-20.
38 A transcriptomics-based in vitro assay for predicting chemical genotoxicity in vivo. Carcinogenesis. 2012 Jul;33(7):1421-9.
39 In vitro and in vivo irinotecan-induced changes in expression profiles of cell cycle and apoptosis-associated genes in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 2005 Jun;4(6):885-900.
40 Apoptosis induced by piroxicam plus cisplatin combined treatment is triggered by p21 in mesothelioma. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e23569.
41 Simvastatin inactivates beta1-integrin and extracellular signal-related kinase signaling and inhibits cell proliferation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Cancer Sci. 2007 Jun;98(6):890-9.
42 Gene expression signature of parathion-transformed human breast epithelial cells. Int J Mol Med. 2007 May;19(5):741-50.
43 Ethyl carbamate induces cell death through its effects on multiple metabolic pathways. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Nov 1;277:21-32.
44 Resveratrol-induced gene expression profiles in human prostate cancer cells. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Mar;14(3):596-604. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0398.
45 Novel ATP-competitive Akt inhibitor afuresertib suppresses the proliferation of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells. Cancer Med. 2017 Nov;6(11):2646-2659. doi: 10.1002/cam4.1179. Epub 2017 Sep 27.
46 Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
47 Epigenetic reader BRD4 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy to suppress E2F2-cell cycle regulation circuit in liver cancer. Oncotarget. 2016 May 31;7(22):32628-40. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8701.
48 Inhibiting ubiquitination causes an accumulation of SUMOylated newly synthesized nuclear proteins at PML bodies. J Biol Chem. 2019 Oct 18;294(42):15218-15234. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.009147. Epub 2019 Jul 8.
49 Cell-based two-dimensional morphological assessment system to predict cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Nov 15;383:114761. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114761. Epub 2019 Sep 15.
50 Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveal cellular responses from caffeine, coumarin and quercetin in treated HepG2 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022 Aug 15;449:116110. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116110. Epub 2022 Jun 7.
51 Identification of transcriptome signatures and biomarkers specific for potential developmental toxicants inhibiting human neural crest cell migration. Arch Toxicol. 2016 Jan;90(1):159-80.
52 Endoplasmic reticulum stress impairs insulin signaling through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y cells. Neurosignals. 2012;20(4):265-80.
53 Bisphenol A induces DSB-ATM-p53 signaling leading to cell cycle arrest, senescence, autophagy, stress response, and estrogen release in human fetal lung fibroblasts. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Apr;92(4):1453-1469.
54 MCM-2 is a therapeutic target of Trichostatin A in colon cancer cells. Toxicol Lett. 2013 Jul 31;221(1):23-30. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.05.643. Epub 2013 Jun 13.
55 Pleiotropic combinatorial transcriptomes of human breast cancer cells exposed to mixtures of dietary phytoestrogens. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Apr;47(4):787-95.
56 Glyphosate-based herbicides at low doses affect canonical pathways in estrogen positive and negative breast cancer cell lines. PLoS One. 2019 Jul 11;14(7):e0219610. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219610. eCollection 2019.
57 The contact allergen nickel triggers a unique inflammatory and proangiogenic gene expression pattern via activation of NF-kappaB and hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha. J Immunol. 2007 Mar 1;178(5):3198-207.
58 Lithium suppresses cell proliferation by interrupting E2F-DNA interaction and subsequently reducing S-phase gene expression in prostate cancer. Prostate. 2007 Jun 15;67(9):976-88. doi: 10.1002/pros.20586.
59 Gene expression profiling of human primary astrocytes exposed to manganese chloride indicates selective effects on several functions of the cells. Neurotoxicology. 2007 May;28(3):478-89.
60 System analysis of cross-talk between nuclear receptors reveals an opposite regulation of the cell cycle by LXR and FXR in human HepaRG liver cells. PLoS One. 2019 Aug 22;14(8):e0220894. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220894. eCollection 2019.