Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMF1X5P)

Drug Name
Proflavine Drug Info
Synonyms
PRL; Proflavin; Proflavina; Proflavinum; Profura; Progarmed; Isoflav base; Proflavine [INN]; Proflavine hemisulfate; Proflavina [INN-Spanish]; Proflavine Hemi-Sulfate; Proflavinum [INN-Latin]; AE-562/12222295; Acridine-3,6-diamine; 2,8-Diaminoacridine; 2,8-Diaminoacridine (European); 2,8-Diaminoacridinium; 3,6-ACRIDINEDIAMINE; 3,6-Acridinediamine hydrochloride; 3,6-Diamino-acridinium; 3,6-Diaminoacridine; 3,6-Diaminoacridine sulfate; 3,6-Diaminoacridinium; 3,7-Diamino-5-azaanthracene
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Sepsis 1G40-1G41 Approved [1]
Therapeutic Class
Antiinfective Agents
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
7099
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:8452
CAS Number
CAS 92-62-6
TTD Drug ID
DMF1X5P

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DOT
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Download the Complete Related Drug List
Drug(s) Targeting Bacterial Deoxyribonucleic acid (Bact DNA)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Metronidazole DMTIVEN Abscess Approved [5]
Nitrofurantoin DM7PQIK Urinary tract infection GC08 Approved [6]
Clofazimine DMEBOFW Crohn disease DD70 Approved [7]
Hydroxystilbamidine Isethionate DMR5QS6 Blastomycosis 1F22 Approved [8]
Furazolidone DM3P6V7 Diarrhea ME05.1 Approved [9]
MGB-BP-3 DMPBTVK Clostridium infection 1A04 Phase 2 [10]
⏷ Show the Full List of 6 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Estrogen receptor (ESR1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [11]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [12]
Gefitinib DM15F0X Colon adenocarcinoma Approved [13]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [14]
Lapatinib DM3BH1Y Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [15]
Liraglutide DM3FXPS Non-insulin dependent diabetes 5A11 Approved [16]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [17]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [18]
Procaine DM4LSNE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [14]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [19]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [20]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [21]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [22]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [23]
Cidofovir DMA13GD Cytomegalovirus infection 1D82 Approved [24]
Paclitaxel DMLB81S Breast carcinoma Approved [25]
Floxuridine DM04LR2 Colorectal cancer 2B91.Z Approved [26]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [27]
Mechlorethamine DM0CVXA Chronic myelogenous leukaemia 2A20.0 Approved [28]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [29]
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Drug(s) Affected By Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Metoclopramide DMFA5MY Nausea MD90 Approved [30]
Quinidine DMLPICK N. A. N. A. Approved [31]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [32]
Erythromycin DM4K7GQ Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [33]
Clarithromycin DM4M1SG Acute maxillary sinusitis Approved [33]
Disopyramide DM5SYZP Long QT syndrome BC65.0 Approved [34]
Propranolol DM79NTF Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [35]
Amiodarone DMUTEX3 Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [36]
Dofetilide DMPN1TW Sinus rhythm disorder BC9Y Approved [37]
Flecainide DMSQDLE Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [33]
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Drug(s) Affected By Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [38]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [39]
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [40]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [41]
Selenium DM25CGV N. A. N. A. Approved [42]
TECFIDERA DM2OVDT Multiple sclerosis 8A40 Approved [43]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [44]
Lapatinib DM3BH1Y Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [45]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [46]
Furazolidone DM3P6V7 Diarrhea ME05.1 Approved [47]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas
Download the Complete Interaction Atlas for Visualization in Cytoscape

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Bacterial Deoxyribonucleic acid (Bact DNA) TTS1W4A NOUNIPROTAC Binder [2]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [3]
Estrogen receptor (ESR1) OTKLU61J ESR1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [3]
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2) OT0HENJ5 NF2L2_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [3]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2) OTZX881H KCNH2_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [4]

References

1 Drug information of Proflavine, 2008. eduDrugs.
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3 Identification of Compounds That Inhibit Estrogen-Related Receptor Alpha Signaling Using High-Throughput Screening Assays. Molecules. 2019 Feb 27;24(5):841. doi: 10.3390/molecules24050841.
4 Why are most phospholipidosis inducers also hERG blockers?. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Dec;91(12):3885-3895. doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-1995-9. Epub 2017 May 27.
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7 The mode of action of clofazimine DNA binding studies. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 1976 Jan-Jun;44(1-2):133-4.
8 Interaction between hydroxystilbamidine and DNA. I. Binding isotherms and thermodynamics of the association. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Sep 12;407(1):24-42.
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12 Cross-talk between non-genomic and genomic signalling pathways--distinct effect profiles of environmental estrogens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2010 Jun 1;245(2):160-70. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2010.02.015. Epub 2010 Mar 4.
13 Bidirectional cross talk between ERalpha and EGFR signalling pathways regulates tamoxifen-resistant growth. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2006 Mar;96(2):131-46. doi: 10.1007/s10549-005-9070-2. Epub 2005 Oct 27.
14 Sensitivity of human dental pulp cells to eighteen chemical agents used for endodontic treatments in dentistry. Odontology. 2013 Jan;101(1):43-51.
15 The dual ErbB1/ErbB2 inhibitor, lapatinib (GW572016), cooperates with tamoxifen to inhibit both cell proliferation- and estrogen-dependent gene expression in antiestrogen-resistant breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2005 Jan 1;65(1):18-25.
16 Antitumoral activity of liraglutide, a new DNMT inhibitor in breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Chem Biol Interact. 2021 Nov 1;349:109641. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109641. Epub 2021 Sep 14.
17 Estrogen receptor alpha mediates the proliferative but not the cytotoxic dose-dependent effects of two major phytoestrogens on human breast cancer cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Sep;60(3):595-602.
18 Novel retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents have potent inhibitory activities on human breast cancer cells and tumour growth. Br J Cancer. 2007 Apr 23;96(8):1204-15. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603705. Epub 2007 Mar 27.
19 Prediction of the combined effects of multiple estrogenic chemicals on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and a preliminary molecular exploration of the estrogenic proliferative effects and related gene expression. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Sep 30;160:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.025. Epub 2018 May 21.
20 p53-R175H mutant gains new function in regulation of doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Int J Cancer. 2005 Apr 10;114(3):331-6. doi: 10.1002/ijc.20818.
21 The contribution of methotrexate exposure and host factors on transcriptional variance in human liver. Toxicol Sci. 2007 Jun;97(2):582-94.
22 Azidothymidine and cisplatin increase p14ARF expression in OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cell line. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006 Oct 1;216(1):89-97. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2006.04.015. Epub 2006 May 19.
23 Quantitative analysis of gene expression changes in response to genotoxic compounds. Toxicol In Vitro. 2017 Mar;39:15-28. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.11.004. Epub 2016 Nov 5.
24 Induction of apoptosis by cidofovir in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive cells. Oncol Res. 2000;12(9-10):397-408. doi: 10.3727/096504001108747855.
25 Gallic acid potentiates the apoptotic effect of paclitaxel and carboplatin via overexpression of Bax and P53 on the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2021 Feb;35(2):e22638. doi: 10.1002/jbt.22638. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
26 Regulation of human dUTPase gene expression and p53-mediated transcriptional repression in response to oxaliplatin-induced DNA damage. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jan;37(1):78-95. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkn910. Epub 2008 Nov 16.
27 Role of miRNA in the regulation of cannabidiol-mediated apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. Oncotarget. 2019 Jan 1;10(1):45-59. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.26534. eCollection 2019 Jan 1.
28 Nitrogen Mustard Alkylates and Cross-Links p53 in Human Keratinocytes. Chem Res Toxicol. 2022 Apr 18;35(4):636-650. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00420. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
29 Fulvestrant induces resistance by modulating GPER and CDK6 expression: implication of methyltransferases, deacetylases and the hSWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex. Br J Cancer. 2013 Nov 12;109(10):2751-62. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2013.583. Epub 2013 Oct 29.
30 Comparison of the effects of metoclopramide and domperidone on HERG channels. Pharmacology. 2005 Apr;74(1):31-6. doi: 10.1159/000083234. Epub 2005 Jan 7.
31 Further insights into the effect of quinidine in short QT syndrome caused by a mutation in HERG. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2005 Jan;16(1):54-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2005.04470.x.
32 Automated tight seal electrophysiology for assessing the potential hERG liability of pharmaceutical compounds. Assay Drug Dev Technol. 2004 Oct;2(5):497-506. doi: 10.1089/adt.2004.2.497.
33 Refining the human iPSC-cardiomyocyte arrhythmic risk assessment model. Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):581-94. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft205. Epub 2013 Sep 19.
34 Pharmacology of the short QT syndrome N588K-hERG K+ channel mutation: differential impact on selected class I and class III antiarrhythmic drugs. Br J Pharmacol. 2008 Nov;155(6):957-66. doi: 10.1038/bjp.2008.325. Epub 2008 Aug 25.
35 Comparison of HERG channel blocking effects of various beta-blockers-- implication for clinical strategy. Br J Pharmacol. 2006 Mar;147(6):642-52. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706508.
36 Inhibitory effects of the class III antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone on cloned HERG potassium channels. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1999 Mar;359(3):212-9. doi: 10.1007/pl00005344.
37 Redox state dependency of HERGS631C channel pharmacology: relation to C-type inactivation. FEBS Lett. 2000 May 26;474(1):111-5. doi: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01586-6.
38 Gingival Stromal Cells as an In Vitro Model: Cannabidiol Modulates Genes Linked With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. J Cell Biochem. 2017 Apr;118(4):819-828. doi: 10.1002/jcb.25757. Epub 2016 Nov 28.
39 Protective role of HO-1 for alcohol-dependent liver damage. Dig Dis. 2010;28(6):792-8. doi: 10.1159/000324287. Epub 2011 Apr 27.
40 Sertraline induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in hepatic cells. Toxicology. 2014 Aug 1;322:78-88. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.05.007. Epub 2014 May 24.
41 Gypenosides protect retinal pigment epithelium cells from oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018 Feb;112:76-85.
42 Selenium and vitamin E: cell type- and intervention-specific tissue effects in prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Mar 4;101(5):306-20.
43 Distinct Nrf2 Signaling Mechanisms of Fumaric Acid Esters and Their Role in Neuroprotection against 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Induced Experimental Parkinson's-Like Disease. J Neurosci. 2016 Jun 8;36(23):6332-51. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0426-16.2016.
44 Simvastatin protects dopaminergic neurons against MPP+-induced oxidative stress and regulates the endogenous anti-oxidant system through ERK. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;51(4):1957-1968.
45 P450 3A-catalyzed O-dealkylation of lapatinib induces mitochondrial stress and activates Nrf2. Chem Res Toxicol. 2016 May 16;29(5):784-96.
46 Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
47 P21(Waf1/Cip1) plays a critical role in furazolidone-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells through influencing the caspase-3 activation and ROS generation. Food Chem Toxicol. 2016 Feb;88:1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.12.004. Epub 2015 Dec 11.