Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DISW2GPY)

• Disease Name: Synovitis
• Synonyms: Synovitides; synovitis (disease); synovitis; synovial membrane of synovial joint inflammation; inflammation of synovial membrane of synovial joint
• Definition: Inflammation of a synovial membrane.
• Disease Hierarchy:
  DISWD40R: Disease
  DISKXBS3: Connective tissue disorder
  DIST1YEL: Arthritis
  DISDR98C: Serositis
  :
  DISW2GPY: Synovitis
• Disease Identifiers:
  MONDO ID: MONDO_0002400
  MESH ID: D013585
  UMLS CUI: C0039103
  MedGen ID: 21051
  HPO ID: HP:0100769
  SNOMED CT ID: 416209007

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 8 Approved Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
Betamethasone	DMAHJEF	Approved	Small molecular drug	[1]
Cortisone Acetate	DMG8K57	Approved	Small molecular drug	[2]
Hydrocortisone	DMGEMB7	Approved	Small molecular drug	[3]
Indomethacin	DMSC4A7	Approved	Small molecular drug	[4]
Methylprednisolone	DM4BDON	Approved	Small molecular drug	[5]
Prednisolone	DMQ8FR2	Approved	Small molecular drug	[6]
Salicyclic acid	DM2F8XZ	Approved	Small molecular drug	[7]
Triamcinolone	DM98IXF	Approved	Small molecular drug	[8]

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

This Disease Is Related to 18 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
CD58	TT5KSBY	Limited	Biomarker	[9]
GADD45B	TTMDW9L	Limited	Biomarker	[10]
GNAQ	TTL1SRG	Limited	Genetic Variation	[11]
HPN	TT25MVL	Limited	Altered Expression	[12]
SLC40A1	TT6Y1PG	Disputed	Biomarker	[13]
ADAM8	TTQWYMD	Strong	Altered Expression	[14]
CPB1	TT4UJX5	Strong	Biomarker	[15]
HLA-B	TTGS10J	Strong	Biomarker	[16]
MC3R	TTNI91K	Strong	Biomarker	[17]
MMP3	TTUZ2L5	Strong	Biomarker	[18]
MYH2	TTBIL13	Strong	Biomarker	[19]
PKD2L1	TTAHD89	Strong	Biomarker	[20]
POMC	TT21AKM	Strong	Therapeutic	[21]
PRTN3	TT5MLC4	Strong	Genetic Variation	[13]
SIK1	TT1H6LC	Strong	Biomarker	[22]
SRMS	TT7YMXZ	Strong	Biomarker	[23]
TNFRSF13B	TTL9OD4	Strong	Biomarker	[24]
TRPC5	TT32NQ1	Definitive	Biomarker	[25]

This Disease Is Related to 1 DTP Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTP ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
SLC5A12	DTM301H	Strong	Biomarker	[26]

This Disease Is Related to 1 DME Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DME ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
DCXR	DE3FEV8	Strong	Biomarker	[27]

This Disease Is Related to 18 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
CMC1	OTCWYKPI	Limited	Genetic Variation	[11]
CRYGD	OTW29JC4	Limited	Biomarker	[28]
PRAP1	OT48QD82	Limited	Biomarker	[29]
MFAP4	OT5W64QY	moderate	Biomarker	[30]
PRSS2	OTOMVUWL	moderate	Altered Expression	[31]
C4BPA	OTHNH6Y8	Strong	Biomarker	[32]
CARD14	OTADQHOV	Strong	Biomarker	[32]
CCL8	OTCTWYN8	Strong	Biomarker	[13]
COL2A1	OT5E59C8	Strong	Biomarker	[33]
DOCK2	OTZTS3PA	Strong	Biomarker	[34]
EFNA5	OTOH4DRR	Strong	Biomarker	[35]
FZD5	OTXFFY56	Strong	Biomarker	[36]
MARCO	OT0NW2Q0	Strong	Altered Expression	[37]
NMT1	OT42GQ3D	Strong	Altered Expression	[38]
PIP	OTH719AH	Strong	Biomarker	[39]
SAAL1	OTRTVFVO	Strong	Biomarker	[40]
SDC4	OTKUVUGZ	Strong	Biomarker	[41]
SRM	OT4N5MDP	Strong	Biomarker	[23]

References

• [1] Betamethasone FDA Label
• [2] Cortisone acetate FDA Label
• [3] Hydrocortisone FDA Label
• [4] Indomethacin FDA Label
• [5] Methylprednisolone FDA Label
• [6] Prednisolone FDA Label
• [7] A standard database for drug repositioning. Sci Data. 2017 Mar 14;4:170029.
• [8] Triamcinolone FDA Label
• [9] Characterization of a soluble form of CD58 in synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Jun;104(3):460-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1996.41749.x.
• [10] Gadd45beta deficiency in rheumatoid arthritis: enhanced synovitis through JNK signaling.Arthritis Rheum. 2009 Nov;60(11):3229-40. doi: 10.1002/art.24887.
• [11] Associations Between Ultrasound-Detected Synovitis, Pain, and Function in Interphalangeal and Thumb Base Osteoarthritis: Data From the Nor-Hand Cohort.Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2020 Nov;72(11):1530-1535. doi: 10.1002/acr.24047.
• [12] The serine proteinase hepsin is an activator of pro-matrix metalloproteinases: molecular mechanisms and implications for extracellular matrix turnover.Sci Rep. 2017 Dec 1;7(1):16693. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17028-3.
• [13] Is joint pain in patients with arthralgia suspicious for progression to rheumatoid arthritis explained by subclinical inflammation? A cross-sectional MRI study.Rheumatology (Oxford). 2019 Jan 1;58(1):86-93. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/key220.
• [14] Involvement of a disintegrin and a metalloproteinase 8 (ADAM8) in osteoclastogenesis and pathological bone destruction.Ann Rheum Dis. 2009 Mar;68(3):427-34. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.088260. Epub 2008 Apr 8.
• [15] Brief report: carboxypeptidase B serves as a protective mediator in osteoarthritis.Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014 Jan;66(1):101-106. doi: 10.1002/art.38213.
• [16] Chronic synovitis and HLA B27 in patients with severe haemophilia.Lancet. 2003 Mar 15;361(9361):933-4. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12763-8.
• [17] Old drugs with new skills: fenoprofen as an allosteric enhancer at melanocortin receptor 3.Cell Mol Life Sci. 2017 Apr;74(7):1335-1345. doi: 10.1007/s00018-016-2419-3. Epub 2016 Nov 16.
• [18] Alterations in Synovial Fluid Biomarker Levels in Knees With Meniscal Injury as Compared With Asymptomatic Contralateral Knees.Am J Sports Med. 2019 Mar;47(4):847-856. doi: 10.1177/0363546519825498. Epub 2019 Feb 20.
• [19] A three-way interplay of DR4, autoantibodies and synovitis in biopsy-proven idiopathic inflammatory myositis.Rheumatol Int. 2012 Mar;32(3):611-9. doi: 10.1007/s00296-010-1637-5. Epub 2010 Dec 2.
• [20] Intra-articular leflunomide-loaded poly(-caprolactone) implants to treat synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis.Pharmazie. 2019 Apr 1;74(4):212-220. doi: 10.1691/ph.2019.8223.
• [21] ACTH revisited: effective treatment for acute crystal induced synovitis in patients with multiple medical problems.J Rheumatol. 1994 Apr;21(4):696-9.
• [22] Real benefits of ultrasound evaluation of hand and foot synovitis for better characterisation of the disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis.Eur Radiol. 2019 Nov;29(11):6345-6354. doi: 10.1007/s00330-019-06187-8. Epub 2019 Apr 26.
• [23] The value of the simplified RAMRIS-5 in early RA patients under methotrexate therapy using high-field MRI.Arthritis Res Ther. 2019 Jan 14;21(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s13075-018-1789-3.
• [24] BLyS and APRIL in rheumatoid arthritis.J Clin Invest. 2005 Nov;115(11):3083-92. doi: 10.1172/JCI25265. Epub 2005 Oct 20.
• [25] Transient receptor potential canonical 5 (TRPC5) protects against pain and vascular inflammation in arthritis and joint inflammation.Ann Rheum Dis. 2017 Jan;76(1):252-260. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-208886. Epub 2016 May 10.
• [26] Lactate Buildup at the Site of Chronic Inflammation Promotes Disease by Inducing CD4(+) T Cell Metabolic Rewiring.Cell Metab. 2019 Dec 3;30(6):1055-1074.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.10.004. Epub 2019 Nov 7.
• [27] Intrinsic B cell hypo-responsiveness in mice prematurely expressing human CR2/CD21 during B cell development.Eur J Immunol. 2007 Mar;37(3):623-33. doi: 10.1002/eji.200636248.
• [28] Galectin-3 is Persistently Increased in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Associates with Anti-CCP Seropositivity and MRI Bone Lesions, While Early Fibrosis Markers Correlate with Disease Activity.Scand J Immunol. 2017 Dec;86(6):471-478. doi: 10.1111/sji.12619. Epub 2017 Nov 1.
• [29] Deflazacort modulates the fibrinolytic pattern and reduces uPA-dependent chemioinvasion and proliferation in rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes.Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005 Oct;44(10):1255-62. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kei006. Epub 2005 Jul 5.
• [30] Increased serum levels of microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) are not associated with clinical synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis but may reflect underlying cardiovascular comorbidity.Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2020 Jan-Feb;38(1):122-128. Epub 2019 Aug 27.
• [31] Trypsin-2 degrades human type II collagen and is expressed and activated in mesenchymally transformed rheumatoid arthritis synovitis tissue.Am J Pathol. 2005 Oct;167(4):1119-24. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)61200-X.
• [32] Intra-Articular Injections of a Whole Blood Clot Secretome, Autologous Conditioned Serum, Have Superior Clinical and Biochemical Efficacy Over Platelet-Rich Plasma and Induce Rejuvenation-Associated Changes of Joint Metabolism: A Prospective, Controlled Open-Label Clinical Study in Chronic Knee Osteoarthritis.Rejuvenation Res. 2020 Oct;23(5):401-410. doi: 10.1089/rej.2019.2263. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
• [33] The aryl hydrocarbon receptor suppresses osteoblast proliferation and differentiation through the activation of the ERK signaling pathway.Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2014 Nov 1;280(3):502-10. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.08.025. Epub 2014 Sep 3.
• [34] Multivariate genome-wide association analysis identifies novel and relevant variants associated with anterior cruciate ligament rupture risk in the dog model.BMC Genet. 2018 Jun 26;19(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s12863-018-0626-7.
• [35] Transgenic domestic animals provide an animal model for rheumatoid arthritis.Med Hypotheses. 1992 Jul;38(3):240-3. doi: 10.1016/0306-9877(92)90102-i.
• [36] Blockade of Wnt-5A/frizzled 5 signaling inhibits rheumatoid synoviocyte activation.Arthritis Rheum. 2001 Apr;44(4):772-81. doi: 10.1002/1529-0131(200104)44:4<772::AID-ANR133>3.0.CO;2-L.
• [37] Ectopic expression of macrophage scavenger receptor MARCO in synovial membrane-like interface tissue in aseptic loosening of total hip replacement implants.J Biomed Mater Res A. 2010 Feb;92(2):641-9. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.32409.
• [38] N-myristoyltransferase deficiency impairs activation of kinase AMPK and promotes synovial tissue inflammation.Nat Immunol. 2019 Mar;20(3):313-325. doi: 10.1038/s41590-018-0296-7. Epub 2019 Feb 4.
• [39] Flares in rheumatoid arthritis: do patient-reported swollen and tender joints match clinical and ultrasonography findings?.Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020 Jan 1;59(1):129-136. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez231.
• [40] Overexpression of SPACIA1/SAAL1, a newly identified gene that is involved in synoviocyte proliferation, accelerates the progression of synovitis in mice and humans.Arthritis Rheum. 2011 Dec;63(12):3833-42. doi: 10.1002/art.30617.
• [41] Inflammation in osteoarthritis.Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2011 Sep;23(5):471-8. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0b013e328349c2b1.