General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OTVCZ7HI)

DOT Name Metallothionein-3 (MT3)
Synonyms MT-3; GIFB; GIF; Growth inhibitory factor; Metallothionein-III; MT-III
Gene Name MT3
Related Disease
Acute myelogenous leukaemia ( )
Adenoma ( )
Adrenocortical carcinoma ( )
Advanced cancer ( )
Alzheimer disease ( )
Amyloidosis ( )
Bowel dysfunction ( )
Breast cancer ( )
Breast carcinoma ( )
Breast disorder ( )
Breast neoplasm ( )
Carcinoma of esophagus ( )
Creutzfeldt Jacob disease ( )
Depression ( )
Dilated cardiomyopathy 1A ( )
Esophageal cancer ( )
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( )
Glioblastoma multiforme ( )
Hereditary intrinsic factor deficiency ( )
Hypothyroidism ( )
Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome ( )
Intestinal disorder ( )
Motor neurone disease ( )
Neoplasm of esophagus ( )
Non-small-cell lung cancer ( )
Parkinson disease ( )
Polycythemia ( )
Primary aldosteronism ( )
Prostate neoplasm ( )
Scleroderma ( )
Squamous cell carcinoma ( )
Stomach cancer ( )
Systemic sclerosis ( )
Pernicious anemia ( )
Adenocarcinoma ( )
Adult respiratory distress syndrome ( )
Anxiety ( )
Anxiety disorder ( )
Bladder disease ( )
Kaposi sarcoma ( )
Lung cancer ( )
Lung carcinoma ( )
Neuroblastoma ( )
UniProt ID
MT3_HUMAN
3D Structure
Download
2D Sequence (FASTA)
Download
3D Structure (PDB)
Download
PDB ID
2F5H; 2FJ4; 2FJ5
Pfam ID
PF00131
Sequence
MDPETCPCPSGGSCTCADSCKCEGCKCTSCKKSCCSCCPAECEKCAKDCVCKGGEAAEAE
AEKCSCCQ
Function Binds heavy metals. Contains three zinc and three copper atoms per polypeptide chain and only a negligible amount of cadmium. Inhibits survival and neurite formation of cortical neurons in vitro.
Tissue Specificity Abundant in a subset of astrocytes in the normal human brain, but greatly reduced in the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain.
Reactome Pathway
Metallothioneins bind metals (R-HSA-5661231 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

43 Disease(s) Related to This DOT
Disease Name Disease ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
Acute myelogenous leukaemia DISCSPTN Strong Posttranslational Modification [1]
Adenoma DIS78ZEV Strong Biomarker [2]
Adrenocortical carcinoma DISZF4HX Strong Biomarker [2]
Advanced cancer DISAT1Z9 Strong Altered Expression [3]
Alzheimer disease DISF8S70 Strong Biomarker [4]
Amyloidosis DISHTAI2 Strong Biomarker [5]
Bowel dysfunction DISL9FWR Strong Altered Expression [6]
Breast cancer DIS7DPX1 Strong Altered Expression [7]
Breast carcinoma DIS2UE88 Strong Biomarker [8]
Breast disorder DISJTGMA Strong Biomarker [9]
Breast neoplasm DISNGJLM Strong Biomarker [8]
Carcinoma of esophagus DISS6G4D Strong Altered Expression [10]
Creutzfeldt Jacob disease DISCB6RX Strong Biomarker [11]
Depression DIS3XJ69 Strong Altered Expression [12]
Dilated cardiomyopathy 1A DIS0RK9Z Strong Biomarker [9]
Esophageal cancer DISGB2VN Strong Altered Expression [10]
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma DIS5N2GV Strong Posttranslational Modification [13]
Glioblastoma multiforme DISK8246 Strong Altered Expression [14]
Hereditary intrinsic factor deficiency DISCZQBU Strong Genetic Variation [15]
Hypothyroidism DISR0H6D Strong Biomarker [16]
Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome DISQ84S1 Strong Genetic Variation [17]
Intestinal disorder DISGPMUQ Strong Altered Expression [6]
Motor neurone disease DISUHWUI Strong Biomarker [18]
Neoplasm of esophagus DISOLKAQ Strong Altered Expression [10]
Non-small-cell lung cancer DIS5Y6R9 Strong Altered Expression [19]
Parkinson disease DISQVHKL Strong Biomarker [20]
Polycythemia DIS8B6VW Strong Biomarker [21]
Primary aldosteronism DISOEFNH Strong Biomarker [2]
Prostate neoplasm DISHDKGQ Strong Altered Expression [22]
Scleroderma DISVQ342 Strong Biomarker [23]
Squamous cell carcinoma DISQVIFL Strong Altered Expression [13]
Stomach cancer DISKIJSX Strong Posttranslational Modification [24]
Systemic sclerosis DISF44L6 Strong Biomarker [23]
Pernicious anemia DISWV404 moderate Genetic Variation [15]
Adenocarcinoma DIS3IHTY Limited Posttranslational Modification [25]
Adult respiratory distress syndrome DISIJV47 Limited Biomarker [26]
Anxiety DISIJDBA Limited Biomarker [27]
Anxiety disorder DISBI2BT Limited Biomarker [27]
Bladder disease DISTVIQI Limited Altered Expression [28]
Kaposi sarcoma DISC1H1Z Limited Biomarker [29]
Lung cancer DISCM4YA Limited Biomarker [30]
Lung carcinoma DISTR26C Limited Biomarker [30]
Neuroblastoma DISVZBI4 Limited Altered Expression [31]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 43 Disease(s)
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DOT
This DOT Affected the Drug Response of 2 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Approved Metallothionein-3 (MT3) decreases the response to substance of Doxorubicin. [43]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Approved Metallothionein-3 (MT3) decreases the response to substance of Hydrogen peroxide. [50]
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This DOT Affected the Regulation of Drug Effects of 1 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
8-hydroxyguanine DMT9BPN Investigative Metallothionein-3 (MT3) decreases the abundance of 8-hydroxyguanine. [51]
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16 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Valproate DMCFE9I Approved Valproate increases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [32]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Approved Tretinoin affects the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [33]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Approved Cisplatin increases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [34]
Arsenic DMTL2Y1 Approved Arsenic increases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [35]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Approved Quercetin increases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [36]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Approved Arsenic trioxide decreases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [37]
Triclosan DMZUR4N Approved Triclosan increases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [38]
Decitabine DMQL8XJ Approved Decitabine increases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [8]
Dexamethasone DMMWZET Approved Dexamethasone increases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [40]
Gallium nitrate DMF9O6B Approved Gallium nitrate increases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [41]
SNDX-275 DMH7W9X Phase 3 SNDX-275 increases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [8]
Tamibarotene DM3G74J Phase 3 Tamibarotene affects the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [33]
PMID28460551-Compound-2 DM4DOUB Patented PMID28460551-Compound-2 decreases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [44]
Paraquat DMR8O3X Investigative Paraquat increases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [46]
D-glucose DMMG2TO Investigative D-glucose decreases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [47]
[3H]methyltrienolone DMTSGOW Investigative [3H]methyltrienolone increases the expression of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [35]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 16 Drug(s)
3 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 Phase 1 Benzo(a)pyrene increases the methylation of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [42]
Bisphenol A DM2ZLD7 Investigative Bisphenol A decreases the methylation of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [45]
Edetic acid DM10D85 Investigative Edetic acid increases the alkylation of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [48]
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2 Drug(s) Affected the Protein Interaction/Cellular Processes of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
LY294002 DMY1AFS Phase 1 LY294002 decreases the response to substance of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [43]
Wortmannin DM8EVK5 Terminated Wortmannin decreases the response to substance of Metallothionein-3 (MT3). [43]
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References

1 Metallothionein III (MT3) is a putative tumor suppressor gene that is frequently inactivated in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia by promoter hypermethylation.J Transl Med. 2014 Jun 25;12:182. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-182.
2 Metallothionein-3 (MT-3) in the human adrenal cortex and its disorders.Endocr Pathol. 2014 Sep;25(3):229-35. doi: 10.1007/s12022-013-9280-9.
3 Expression of MT-3 mRNA in human kidney, proximal tubule cell cultures, and renal cell carcinoma.Toxicol Lett. 1997 Jul 21;92(2):149-60. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4274(97)00049-0.
4 Metal-dependent interactions of metallothionein-3 -domain with amyloid- peptide and related physiological implications.J Inorg Biochem. 2019 Jul;196:110693. doi: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110693. Epub 2019 Apr 13.
5 Cu transfer from amyloid-(4-16) to metallothionein-3: the role of the neurotransmitter glutamate and metallothionein-3 Zn(ii)-load states.Chem Commun (Camb). 2018 Nov 6;54(89):12634-12637. doi: 10.1039/c8cc06221h.
6 The IN-PANCIA Study: Clinical Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Dysfunction and Failure, Multiple Organ Failure, and Levels of Citrulline in Critically Ill Patients.J Intensive Care Med. 2020 Mar;35(3):279-283. doi: 10.1177/0885066617742594. Epub 2017 Nov 15.
7 The unique C- and N-terminal sequences of Metallothionein isoform 3 mediate growth inhibition and Vectorial active transport in MCF-7 cells.BMC Cancer. 2017 May 25;17(1):369. doi: 10.1186/s12885-017-3355-9.
8 Absence of Metallothionein 3 Expression in Breast Cancer is a Rare, But Favorable Marker of Outcome that is Under Epigenetic Control. Toxicol Environ Chem. 2010 Oct;92(9):1673-1695. doi: 10.1080/02772241003711274.
9 Expression of metallothionein3 in ductal breast cancer.Int J Oncol. 2016 Dec;49(6):2487-2497. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3759. Epub 2016 Nov 4.
10 Effects of metallothionein-3 and metallothionein-1E gene transfection on proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells.Genet Mol Res. 2013 Oct 17;12(4):4595-603. doi: 10.4238/2013.October.17.2.
11 Differential expression of metallothioneins in human prion diseases.Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2000 Sep-Oct;11(5):251-62. doi: 10.1159/000017247.
12 Gene expression profiling of 12633 genes in Alzheimer hippocampal CA1: transcription and neurotrophic factor down-regulation and up-regulation of apoptotic and pro-inflammatory signaling.J Neurosci Res. 2002 Nov 1;70(3):462-73. doi: 10.1002/jnr.10351.
13 Metallothionien 3 expression is frequently down-regulated in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma by DNA methylation.Mol Cancer. 2005 Dec 13;4:42. doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-4-42.
14 Metallothionein Genes are Highly Expressed in Malignant Astrocytomas and Associated with Patient Survival.Sci Rep. 2019 Apr 1;9(1):5406. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41974-9.
15 Gastric intrinsic factor deficiency with combined GIF heterozygous mutations and FUT2 secretor variant.Biochimie. 2013 May;95(5):995-1001. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.01.022. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
16 Regulation of metallothionein-3 mRNA by thyroid hormone in developing rat brain and primary cultures of rat astrocytes and neurons.Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 1999 Jun 2;115(2):195-200. doi: 10.1016/s0165-3806(99)00063-2.
17 Inherited cobalamin malabsorption. Mutations in three genes reveal functional and ethnic patterns.Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2012 Aug 28;7:56. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-56.
18 Peripheral nerve avulsion injuries as experimental models for adult motoneuron degeneration.Neuropathology. 2005 Dec;25(4):371-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2005.00609.x.
19 Expression of metallothionein-III in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Anticancer Res. 2013 Mar;33(3):965-74.
20 Novel Oxindole-Curcumin Hybrid Compound for Antioxidative Stress and Neuroprotection.ACS Chem Neurosci. 2020 Jan 2;11(1):76-85. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00619. Epub 2019 Dec 18.
21 Transcriptome Reveals 1400-Fold Upregulation of APOA4-APOC3 and 1100-Fold Downregulation of GIF in the Patients with Polycythemia-Induced Gastric Injury.PLoS One. 2015 Oct 20;10(10):e0140534. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140534. eCollection 2015.
22 Metallothionein isoform 3 expression inhibits cell growth and increases drug resistance of PC-3 prostate cancer cells.Prostate. 2002 Jul 1;52(2):89-97. doi: 10.1002/pros.10097.
23 Mechanism of serum-mediated endothelial injury in scleroderma: identification of a granular enzyme in scleroderma skin and sera.Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1997 Apr;83(1):32-40. doi: 10.1006/clin.1996.4322.
24 Hypermethylation of metallothionein-3 CpG island in gastric carcinoma.Carcinogenesis. 2003 Jan;24(1):25-9. doi: 10.1093/carcin/24.1.25.
25 Location-specific epigenetic regulation of the metallothionein 3 gene in esophageal adenocarcinomas.PLoS One. 2011;6(7):e22009. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022009. Epub 2011 Jul 19.
26 RAB26-dependent autophagy protects adherens junctional integrity in acute lung injury.Autophagy. 2018;14(10):1677-1692. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1476811. Epub 2018 Jul 26.
27 Characterization of the role of metallothionein-3 in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease.Cell Mol Life Sci. 2012 Nov;69(21):3683-700. doi: 10.1007/s00018-012-1047-9. Epub 2012 Jun 22.
28 Metallothionein isoform 3 as a potential biomarker for human bladder cancer.Environ Health Perspect. 2000 May;108(5):413-8. doi: 10.1289/ehp.00108413.
29 Antiproliferative properties of toremifene on AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma cells.Chemotherapy. 2002 Dec;48(5):238-43. doi: 10.1159/000066765.
30 Rig-G is a growth inhibitory factor of lung cancer cells that suppresses STAT3 and NF-B.Oncotarget. 2016 Oct 4;7(40):66032-66050. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.11797.
31 Comparative gene expression profiling of human metallothionein-3 up-regulation in neuroblastoma cells and its impact on susceptibility to cisplatin.Oncotarget. 2017 Dec 16;9(4):4427-4439. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.23333. eCollection 2018 Jan 12.
32 Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
33 Differential modulation of PI3-kinase/Akt pathway during all-trans retinoic acid- and Am80-induced HL-60 cell differentiation revealed by DNA microarray analysis. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Dec 1;68(11):2177-86.
34 Altered ErbB receptor signaling and gene expression in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer. Cancer Res. 2005 Aug 1;65(15):6789-800. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-2684.
35 Metallothionein 3: an androgen-upregulated gene enhances cell invasion and tumorigenesis of prostate carcinoma cells. Prostate. 2013 Oct;73(14):1495-506. doi: 10.1002/pros.22697. Epub 2013 Jun 21.
36 Quercetin reduces oxidative damage induced by paraquat via modulating expression of antioxidant genes in A549 cells. J Appl Toxicol. 2013 Dec;33(12):1460-7. doi: 10.1002/jat.2812. Epub 2012 Sep 20.
37 Arsenic trioxide (ATO) influences the gene expression of metallothioneins in human glioblastoma cells. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2012 Dec;149(3):331-9.
38 Transcriptome and DNA methylome dynamics during triclosan-induced cardiomyocyte differentiation toxicity. Stem Cells Int. 2018 Oct 29;2018:8608327.
39 Absence of Metallothionein 3 Expression in Breast Cancer is a Rare, But Favorable Marker of Outcome that is Under Epigenetic Control. Toxicol Environ Chem. 2010 Oct;92(9):1673-1695. doi: 10.1080/02772241003711274.
40 Identification of mechanisms of action of bisphenol a-induced human preadipocyte differentiation by transcriptional profiling. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Nov;22(11):2333-43.
41 Role of oxidative stress in the induction of metallothionein-2A and heme oxygenase-1 gene expression by the antineoplastic agent gallium nitrate in human lymphoma cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2008 Sep 15;45(6):763-72.
42 Air pollution and DNA methylation alterations in lung cancer: A systematic and comparative study. Oncotarget. 2017 Jan 3;8(1):1369-1391. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13622.
43 Metallothionein-III provides neuronal protection through activation of nuclear factor-kappaB via the TrkA/phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway. Toxicol Sci. 2009 Dec;112(2):435-49. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfp230. Epub 2009 Sep 18.
44 Cell-based two-dimensional morphological assessment system to predict cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Nov 15;383:114761. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114761. Epub 2019 Sep 15.
45 Bisphenol-A impairs cellular function and alters DNA methylation of stress pathway genes in first trimester trophoblast cells. Reprod Toxicol. 2018 Dec;82:72-79.
46 Paraquat inhibits cell viability via enhanced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human neural progenitor cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2013 Nov 25;206(2):248-55. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.09.010. Epub 2013 Sep 21.
47 Imbalance in the antioxidant defence system and pro-genotoxic status induced by high glucose concentrations: In vitro testing in human liver cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2020 Dec;69:105001. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105001. Epub 2020 Sep 15.
48 Protective effect of metallothionein-III on DNA damage in response to reactive oxygen species. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Oct 10;1573(1):33-8. doi: 10.1016/s0304-4165(02)00325-2.
49 Metallothionein-III provides neuronal protection through activation of nuclear factor-kappaB via the TrkA/phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway. Toxicol Sci. 2009 Dec;112(2):435-49. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfp230. Epub 2009 Sep 18.
50 Overexpression of human metallothionein-III prevents hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts. FEBS Lett. 2002 Jun 19;521(1-3):175-9. doi: 10.1016/s0014-5793(02)02870-3.
51 Metallothionein-III prevents gamma-ray-induced 8-oxoguanine accumulation in normal and hOGG1-depleted cells. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 13;279(33):34138-49. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M402530200. Epub 2004 Jun 8.