General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OTPTMHIV)

DOT Name Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2)
Synonyms CKS-2
Gene Name CKS2
Related Disease
Meningioma ( )
Advanced cancer ( )
Bladder cancer ( )
Carcinoma ( )
Carcinoma of esophagus ( )
Cervical cancer ( )
Cervical carcinoma ( )
Cholangiocarcinoma ( )
Colorectal carcinoma ( )
Epithelial ovarian cancer ( )
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( )
Gastric cancer ( )
Hepatocellular carcinoma ( )
Metastatic malignant neoplasm ( )
Polycystic ovarian syndrome ( )
Prostate cancer ( )
Prostate neoplasm ( )
Stomach cancer ( )
Urinary bladder cancer ( )
Urinary bladder neoplasm ( )
Uterine fibroids ( )
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma ( )
Liver cirrhosis ( )
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia ( )
Breast cancer ( )
Breast carcinoma ( )
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( )
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia ( )
Thyroid gland papillary carcinoma ( )
UniProt ID
CKS2_HUMAN
3D Structure
Download
2D Sequence (FASTA)
Download
3D Structure (PDB)
Download
PDB ID
1CKS; 4Y72; 4YC3; 5HQ0; 5LQF; 6GU2; 6GU3; 6GU4; 6GU6; 6GU7
Pfam ID
PF01111
Sequence
MAHKQIYYSDKYFDEHYEYRHVMLPRELSKQVPKTHLMSEEEWRRLGVQQSLGWVHYMIH
EPEPHILLFRRPLPKDQQK
Function Binds to the catalytic subunit of the cyclin dependent kinases and is essential for their biological function.
KEGG Pathway
Pathways in cancer (hsa05200 )
Small cell lung cancer (hsa05222 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

29 Disease(s) Related to This DOT
Disease Name Disease ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
Meningioma DISPT4TG Definitive Biomarker [1]
Advanced cancer DISAT1Z9 Strong Altered Expression [2]
Bladder cancer DISUHNM0 Strong Biomarker [3]
Carcinoma DISH9F1N Strong Biomarker [4]
Carcinoma of esophagus DISS6G4D Strong Altered Expression [5]
Cervical cancer DISFSHPF Strong Biomarker [6]
Cervical carcinoma DIST4S00 Strong Biomarker [6]
Cholangiocarcinoma DIS71F6X Strong Biomarker [7]
Colorectal carcinoma DIS5PYL0 Strong Biomarker [8]
Epithelial ovarian cancer DIS56MH2 Strong Altered Expression [9]
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma DIS5N2GV Strong Altered Expression [10]
Gastric cancer DISXGOUK Strong Altered Expression [11]
Hepatocellular carcinoma DIS0J828 Strong Altered Expression [12]
Metastatic malignant neoplasm DIS86UK6 Strong Altered Expression [12]
Polycystic ovarian syndrome DISZ2BNG Strong Biomarker [13]
Prostate cancer DISF190Y Strong Altered Expression [14]
Prostate neoplasm DISHDKGQ Strong Altered Expression [14]
Stomach cancer DISKIJSX Strong Altered Expression [11]
Urinary bladder cancer DISDV4T7 Strong Biomarker [3]
Urinary bladder neoplasm DIS7HACE Strong Biomarker [3]
Uterine fibroids DISBZRMJ Strong Biomarker [15]
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma DIS9UUVF moderate Biomarker [16]
Liver cirrhosis DIS4G1GX moderate Altered Expression [12]
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia DISPX75S Limited Altered Expression [17]
Breast cancer DIS7DPX1 Limited Altered Expression [2]
Breast carcinoma DIS2UE88 Limited Altered Expression [2]
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia DISJ5D6U Limited Altered Expression [17]
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia DIS17AI2 Limited Altered Expression [17]
Thyroid gland papillary carcinoma DIS48YMM Limited Altered Expression [18]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 29 Disease(s)
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DOT
38 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Valproate DMCFE9I Approved Valproate increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [19]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Approved Ciclosporin decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [20]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Approved Tretinoin decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [21]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Approved Acetaminophen increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [22]
Cupric Sulfate DMP0NFQ Approved Cupric Sulfate increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [23]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Approved Cisplatin decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [24]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Approved Estradiol increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [25]
Ivermectin DMDBX5F Approved Ivermectin decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [26]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Approved Calcitriol decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [27]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Approved Testosterone decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [27]
Marinol DM70IK5 Approved Marinol increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [28]
Selenium DM25CGV Approved Selenium decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [29]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Approved Fluorouracil decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [30]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Approved Troglitazone decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [31]
Diethylstilbestrol DMN3UXQ Approved Diethylstilbestrol increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [32]
Cytarabine DMZD5QR Approved Cytarabine decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [30]
Testosterone enanthate DMB6871 Approved Testosterone enanthate affects the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [33]
Nicotine DMWX5CO Approved Nicotine increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [34]
Piroxicam DMTK234 Approved Piroxicam decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [35]
Dasatinib DMJV2EK Approved Dasatinib decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [36]
Bicalutamide DMZMSPF Approved Bicalutamide decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [37]
Hydroxyurea DMOQVU9 Approved Hydroxyurea decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [30]
Urethane DM7NSI0 Phase 4 Urethane increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [38]
Resveratrol DM3RWXL Phase 3 Resveratrol decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [39]
Seocalcitol DMKL9QO Phase 3 Seocalcitol decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [40]
Chlorpromazine DMBGZI3 Phase 3 Trial Chlorpromazine decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [41]
phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate DMJWD62 Phase 2 phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [42]
Leflunomide DMR8ONJ Phase 1 Trial Leflunomide decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [44]
PMID28460551-Compound-2 DM4DOUB Patented PMID28460551-Compound-2 decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [45]
Bisphenol A DM2ZLD7 Investigative Bisphenol A decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [46]
Milchsaure DM462BT Investigative Milchsaure affects the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [47]
Coumestrol DM40TBU Investigative Coumestrol increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [25]
Sulforaphane DMQY3L0 Investigative Sulforaphane increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [48]
chloropicrin DMSGBQA Investigative chloropicrin decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [49]
Deguelin DMXT7WG Investigative Deguelin increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [50]
Nickel chloride DMI12Y8 Investigative Nickel chloride increases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [51]
Manganese DMKT129 Investigative Manganese decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [52]
ORG2058 DMH1M6N Investigative ORG2058 decreases the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [53]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 38 Drug(s)
1 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 Phase 1 Benzo(a)pyrene decreases the methylation of Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2). [43]
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References

1 Genetic alterations associated with progression and recurrence in meningiomas.J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2012 Oct;71(10):882-93. doi: 10.1097/NEN.0b013e31826bf704.
2 Overexpression of CKS2 is associated with a poor prognosis and promotes cell proliferation and invasion in breast cancer.Mol Med Rep. 2019 Jun;19(6):4761-4769. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10134. Epub 2019 Apr 5.
3 Cyclin-dependent kinase-associated protein Cks2 is associated with bladder cancer progression.J Int Med Res. 2011;39(2):533-40. doi: 10.1177/147323001103900222.
4 Clinical significance and expression of cyclin kinase subunits 1 and 2 in hepatocellular carcinoma.Liver Int. 2010 Jan;30(1):119-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02106.x. Epub 2009 Oct 21.
5 Clinical significance of overexpressed cyclin-dependent kinase subunits 1 and 2 in esophageal carcinoma.Dis Esophagus. 2013 Sep-Oct;26(7):729-36. doi: 10.1111/dote.12013. Epub 2013 Jan 10.
6 Mitochondrial Function of CKS2 Oncoprotein Links Oxidative Phosphorylation with Cell Division in Chemoradioresistant Cervical Cancer.Neoplasia. 2019 Apr;21(4):353-362. doi: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.01.002. Epub 2019 Mar 8.
7 Oncogenic potential of cyclin kinase subunit-2 in cholangiocarcinoma.Liver Int. 2013 Jan;33(1):137-48. doi: 10.1111/liv.12014. Epub 2012 Nov 1.
8 New Wnt/-catenin target genes promote experimental metastasis and migration of colorectal cancer cells through different signals.Gut. 2016 Oct;65(10):1690-701. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307900. Epub 2015 Jul 8.
9 CKS2 promotes tumor progression and metastasis and is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer.Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019 Apr;23(8):3225-3234. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201904_17681.
10 Clinical and biological impact of cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Oncol Rep. 2014 May;31(5):1986-92. doi: 10.3892/or.2014.3062. Epub 2014 Mar 5.
11 Clinicopathological and biological significance of CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 2 overexpression in human gastric cancer.Int J Oncol. 2011 Aug;39(2):361-72. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2011.1056. Epub 2011 May 25.
12 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Regulatory Subunit 2 Indicated Poor Prognosis and Facilitated Aggressive Phenotype of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Dis Markers. 2019 Oct 22;2019:8964015. doi: 10.1155/2019/8964015. eCollection 2019.
13 Progesterone resistance in PCOS endometrium: a microarray analysis in clomiphene citrate-treated and artificial menstrual cycles.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Jun;96(6):1737-46. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-2600. Epub 2011 Mar 16.
14 Aberrant expression of Cks1 and Cks2 contributes to prostate tumorigenesis by promoting proliferation and inhibiting programmed cell death.Int J Cancer. 2008 Aug 1;123(3):543-51. doi: 10.1002/ijc.23548.
15 Cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 2 overexpression promotes tumor progression and predicts poor prognosis in uterine leiomyosarcoma.Oncol Lett. 2019 Sep;18(3):2845-2852. doi: 10.3892/ol.2019.10668. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
16 MicroRNA-26a inhibits proliferation and tumorigenesis via targeting CKS2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2018 May;45(5):444-451. doi: 10.1111/1440-1681.12890. Epub 2018 Jan 8.
17 ckshs expression is linked to cell proliferation in normal and malignant human lymphoid cells.Int J Cancer. 1999 Jul 2;82(1):98-104. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19990702)82:1<98::aid-ijc17>3.0.co;2-a.
18 miR-26a and its target CKS2 modulate cell growth and tumorigenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.PLoS One. 2013 Jul 5;8(7):e67591. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067591. Print 2013.
19 Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
20 Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
21 Development of a neural teratogenicity test based on human embryonic stem cells: response to retinoic acid exposure. Toxicol Sci. 2011 Dec;124(2):370-7.
22 Gene expression analysis of precision-cut human liver slices indicates stable expression of ADME-Tox related genes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 May 15;253(1):57-69.
23 Physiological and toxicological transcriptome changes in HepG2 cells exposed to copper. Physiol Genomics. 2009 Aug 7;38(3):386-401.
24 Low doses of cisplatin induce gene alterations, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Biomark Insights. 2016 Aug 24;11:113-21.
25 Pleiotropic combinatorial transcriptomes of human breast cancer cells exposed to mixtures of dietary phytoestrogens. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Apr;47(4):787-95.
26 Quantitative proteomics reveals a broad-spectrum antiviral property of ivermectin, benefiting for COVID-19 treatment. J Cell Physiol. 2021 Apr;236(4):2959-2975. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30055. Epub 2020 Sep 22.
27 Effects of 1alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and testosterone on miRNA and mRNA expression in LNCaP cells. Mol Cancer. 2011 May 18;10:58.
28 JunD is involved in the antiproliferative effect of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on human breast cancer cells. Oncogene. 2008 Aug 28;27(37):5033-44.
29 Selenium and vitamin E: cell type- and intervention-specific tissue effects in prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Mar 4;101(5):306-20.
30 Characterization of DNA reactive and non-DNA reactive anticancer drugs by gene expression profiling. Mutat Res. 2007 Jun 1;619(1-2):16-29. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2006.12.007. Epub 2007 Feb 8.
31 Effects of ciglitazone and troglitazone on the proliferation of human stomach cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Jan 21;15(3):310-20.
32 Analysis of gene expression induced by diethylstilbestrol (DES) in human primitive Mullerian duct cells using microarray. Cancer Lett. 2005 Apr 8;220(2):197-210.
33 Transcriptional profiling of testosterone-regulated genes in the skeletal muscle of human immunodeficiency virus-infected men experiencing weight loss. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jul;92(7):2793-802. doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-2722. Epub 2007 Apr 17.
34 Nicotinic modulation of gene expression in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Brain Res. 2006 Oct 20;1116(1):39-49.
35 Apoptosis induced by piroxicam plus cisplatin combined treatment is triggered by p21 in mesothelioma. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e23569.
36 Dasatinib reverses cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from primary lung carcinomas to a phenotype comparable to that of normal fibroblasts. Mol Cancer. 2010 Jun 27;9:168.
37 Microarray analysis of bicalutamide action on telomerase activity, p53 pathway and viability of prostate carcinoma cell lines. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 Jan;57(1):83-92.
38 Ethyl carbamate induces cell death through its effects on multiple metabolic pathways. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Nov 1;277:21-32.
39 Resveratrol-induced gene expression profiles in human prostate cancer cells. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Mar;14(3):596-604. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0398.
40 Expression profiling in squamous carcinoma cells reveals pleiotropic effects of vitamin D3 analog EB1089 signaling on cell proliferation, differentiation, and immune system regulation. Mol Endocrinol. 2002 Jun;16(6):1243-56.
41 Effects of chlorpromazine with and without UV irradiation on gene expression of HepG2 cells. Mutat Res. 2005 Aug 4;575(1-2):47-60. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2005.03.002. Epub 2005 Apr 26.
42 Comparison of gene expression profiles in HepG2 cells exposed to arsenic, cadmium, nickel, and three model carcinogens for investigating the mechanisms of metal carcinogenesis. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2009 Jan;50(1):46-59.
43 Air pollution and DNA methylation alterations in lung cancer: A systematic and comparative study. Oncotarget. 2017 Jan 3;8(1):1369-1391. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13622.
44 Endoplasmic reticulum stress and MAPK signaling pathway activation underlie leflunomide-induced toxicity in HepG2 Cells. Toxicology. 2017 Dec 1;392:11-21.
45 Cell-based two-dimensional morphological assessment system to predict cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Nov 15;383:114761. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114761. Epub 2019 Sep 15.
46 Bisphenol A induces DSB-ATM-p53 signaling leading to cell cycle arrest, senescence, autophagy, stress response, and estrogen release in human fetal lung fibroblasts. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Apr;92(4):1453-1469.
47 Transcriptional profiling of lactic acid treated reconstructed human epidermis reveals pathways underlying stinging and itch. Toxicol In Vitro. 2019 Jun;57:164-173.
48 Transcriptome and DNA methylation changes modulated by sulforaphane induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage, and suppression of proliferation in human liver cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 Feb;136:111047. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111047. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
49 Molecular targets of chloropicrin in human airway epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2017 Aug;42:247-254.
50 Neurotoxicity and underlying cellular changes of 21 mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors. Arch Toxicol. 2021 Feb;95(2):591-615. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02970-5. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
51 Classification of heavy-metal toxicity by human DNA microarray analysis. Environ Sci Technol. 2007 May 15;41(10):3769-74.
52 Gene expression profiling of human primary astrocytes exposed to manganese chloride indicates selective effects on several functions of the cells. Neurotoxicology. 2007 May;28(3):478-89.
53 The antiproliferative effects of progestins in T47D breast cancer cells are tempered by progestin induction of the ETS transcription factor Elf5. Mol Endocrinol. 2010 Jul;24(7):1380-92. doi: 10.1210/me.2009-0516. Epub 2010 Jun 2.