General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OTVVV668)

DOT Name Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS)
Synonyms EC 3.6.4.-; Proliferation-associated SNF2-like protein; SWI/SNF2-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 6
Gene Name HELLS
Related Disease
Adult glioblastoma ( )
Astrocytoma ( )
Autoimmune disease ( )
B-cell lymphoma ( )
B-cell neoplasm ( )
Breast cancer ( )
Breast carcinoma ( )
Burkitt lymphoma ( )
Colorectal carcinoma ( )
Epstein barr virus infection ( )
Gastric cancer ( )
Glioblastoma multiforme ( )
Glioma ( )
Head-neck squamous cell carcinoma ( )
Immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome 4 ( )
Medulloblastoma ( )
Mycosis fungoides ( )
Neoplasm ( )
Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma ( )
Polycystic ovarian syndrome ( )
Retinoblastoma ( )
Sezary syndrome ( )
Stomach cancer ( )
Hepatocellular carcinoma ( )
Immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome ( )
Lung adenocarcinoma ( )
Prostate cancer ( )
Prostate carcinoma ( )
Advanced cancer ( )
Bone osteosarcoma ( )
Clear cell renal carcinoma ( )
Lung cancer ( )
Lung carcinoma ( )
Non-small-cell lung cancer ( )
Osteosarcoma ( )
UniProt ID
HELLS_HUMAN
3D Structure
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2D Sequence (FASTA)
Download
3D Structure (PDB)
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EC Number
3.6.4.-
Pfam ID
PF00271 ; PF00176
Sequence
MPAERPAGSGGSEAPAMVEQLDTAVITPAMLEEEEQLEAAGLERERKMLEKARMSWDRES
TEIRYRRLQHLLEKSNIYSKFLLTKMEQQQLEEQKKKEKLERKKESLKVKKGKNSIDASE
EKPVMRKKRGREDESYNISEVMSKEEILSVAKKNKKENEDENSSSTNLCVEDLQKNKDSN
SIIKDRLSETVRQNTKFFFDPVRKCNGQPVPFQQPKHFTGGVMRWYQVEGMEWLRMLWEN
GINGILADEMGLGKTVQCIATIALMIQRGVPGPFLVCGPLSTLPNWMAEFKRFTPDIPTM
LYHGTQEERQKLVRNIYKRKGTLQIHPVVITSFEIAMRDRNALQHCYWKYLIVDEGHRIK
NMKCRLIRELKRFNADNKLLLTGTPLQNNLSELWSLLNFLLPDVFDDLKSFESWFDITSL
SETAEDIIAKEREQNVLHMLHQILTPFLLRRLKSDVALEVPPKREVVVYAPLSKKQEIFY
TAIVNRTIANMFGSSEKETIELSPTGRPKRRTRKSINYSKIDDFPNELEKLISQIQPEVD
RERAVVEVNIPVESEVNLKLQNIMMLLRKCCNHPYLIEYPIDPVTQEFKIDEELVTNSGK
FLILDRMLPELKKRGHKVLLFSQMTSMLDILMDYCHLRDFNFSRLDGSMSYSEREKNMHS
FNTDPEVFIFLVSTRAGGLGINLTAADTVIIYDSDWNPQSDLQAQDRCHRIGQTKPVVVY
RLVTANTIDQKIVERAAAKRKLEKLIIHKNHFKGGQSGLNLSKNFLDPKELMELLKSRDY
EREIKGSREKVISDKDLELLLDRSDLIDQMNASGPIKEKMGIFKILENSEDSSPECLF
Function
Plays an essential role in normal development and survival. Involved in regulation of the expansion or survival of lymphoid cells. Required for de novo or maintenance DNA methylation. May control silencing of the imprinted CDKN1C gene through DNA methylation. May play a role in formation and organization of heterochromatin, implying a functional role in the regulation of transcription and mitosis.
Tissue Specificity
Highly expressed in proliferative tissues such as adult thymus and testis, and expressed at lower levels in uterus, small intestine, colon, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Also expressed in neoplastic cell lines including those derived from myeloid and lymphoid leukemias.

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

35 Disease(s) Related to This DOT
Disease Name Disease ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
Adult glioblastoma DISVP4LU Strong Biomarker [1]
Astrocytoma DISL3V18 Strong Altered Expression [2]
Autoimmune disease DISORMTM Strong Biomarker [3]
B-cell lymphoma DISIH1YQ Strong Biomarker [4]
B-cell neoplasm DISVY326 Strong Biomarker [4]
Breast cancer DIS7DPX1 Strong Biomarker [5]
Breast carcinoma DIS2UE88 Strong Biomarker [5]
Burkitt lymphoma DIS9D5XU Strong Biomarker [4]
Colorectal carcinoma DIS5PYL0 Strong Biomarker [6]
Epstein barr virus infection DISOO0WT Strong Biomarker [4]
Gastric cancer DISXGOUK Strong Genetic Variation [7]
Glioblastoma multiforme DISK8246 Strong Biomarker [1]
Glioma DIS5RPEH Strong Altered Expression [1]
Head-neck squamous cell carcinoma DISF7P24 Strong Altered Expression [8]
Immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome 4 DISM0EDE Strong Autosomal recessive [9]
Medulloblastoma DISZD2ZL Strong Biomarker [10]
Mycosis fungoides DIS62RB8 Strong Biomarker [11]
Neoplasm DISZKGEW Strong Altered Expression [1]
Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma DIS7D7QV Strong Altered Expression [12]
Polycystic ovarian syndrome DISZ2BNG Strong Biomarker [13]
Retinoblastoma DISVPNPB Strong Biomarker [14]
Sezary syndrome DISFMTC7 Strong Biomarker [11]
Stomach cancer DISKIJSX Strong Genetic Variation [7]
Hepatocellular carcinoma DIS0J828 moderate Biomarker [15]
Immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome DISQ0KIE Supportive Autosomal recessive [9]
Lung adenocarcinoma DISD51WR Disputed Biomarker [16]
Prostate cancer DISF190Y Disputed Altered Expression [17]
Prostate carcinoma DISMJPLE Disputed Altered Expression [17]
Advanced cancer DISAT1Z9 Limited Biomarker [18]
Bone osteosarcoma DIST1004 Limited Biomarker [19]
Clear cell renal carcinoma DISBXRFJ Limited Altered Expression [20]
Lung cancer DISCM4YA Limited Biomarker [21]
Lung carcinoma DISTR26C Limited Biomarker [21]
Non-small-cell lung cancer DIS5Y6R9 Limited Biomarker [21]
Osteosarcoma DISLQ7E2 Limited Biomarker [19]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 35 Disease(s)
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DOT
29 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Valproate DMCFE9I Approved Valproate decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [22]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Approved Ciclosporin decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [23]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Approved Tretinoin decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [24]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Approved Acetaminophen increases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [25]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Approved Cisplatin increases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [26]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Approved Estradiol increases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [27]
Ivermectin DMDBX5F Approved Ivermectin decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [28]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Approved Quercetin affects the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [29]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Approved Calcitriol decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [30]
Vorinostat DMWMPD4 Approved Vorinostat increases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [31]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Approved Testosterone decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [30]
Marinol DM70IK5 Approved Marinol increases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [32]
Progesterone DMUY35B Approved Progesterone decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [33]
Demecolcine DMCZQGK Approved Demecolcine decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [34]
Diethylstilbestrol DMN3UXQ Approved Diethylstilbestrol decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [35]
Azathioprine DMMZSXQ Approved Azathioprine decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [36]
Irinotecan DMP6SC2 Approved Irinotecan decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [37]
Dasatinib DMJV2EK Approved Dasatinib decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [38]
Urethane DM7NSI0 Phase 4 Urethane decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [39]
Resveratrol DM3RWXL Phase 3 Resveratrol decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [40]
GSK2110183 DMZHB37 Phase 2 GSK2110183 decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [41]
PEITC DMOMN31 Phase 2 PEITC decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [42]
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 Phase 1 Benzo(a)pyrene increases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [43]
(+)-JQ1 DM1CZSJ Phase 1 (+)-JQ1 increases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [44]
PMID28460551-Compound-2 DM4DOUB Patented PMID28460551-Compound-2 decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [46]
Bisphenol A DM2ZLD7 Investigative Bisphenol A decreases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [48]
Formaldehyde DM7Q6M0 Investigative Formaldehyde increases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [34]
Coumestrol DM40TBU Investigative Coumestrol increases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [27]
Deguelin DMXT7WG Investigative Deguelin increases the expression of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [49]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 29 Drug(s)
3 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
TAK-243 DM4GKV2 Phase 1 TAK-243 increases the sumoylation of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [45]
PMID28870136-Compound-52 DMFDERP Patented PMID28870136-Compound-52 increases the phosphorylation of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [47]
Coumarin DM0N8ZM Investigative Coumarin increases the phosphorylation of Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS). [47]
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References

1 Chromatin remodeler HELLS maintains glioma stem cells through E2F3 and MYC.JCI Insight. 2019 Apr 4;4(7):e126140. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.126140. eCollection 2019 Apr 4.
2 Chromatin Remodeling Factor LSH is Upregulated by the LRP6-GSK3-E2F1 Axis Linking Reversely with Survival in Gliomas.Theranostics. 2017 Jan 1;7(1):132-143. doi: 10.7150/thno.17032. eCollection 2017.
3 Defective regulation of L1 endogenous retroelements in primary Sjogren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: Role of methylating enzymes.J Autoimmun. 2018 Mar;88:75-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.10.004. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
4 Chromatin remodeling factor lymphoid-specific helicase links with Epstein-Barr virus associated the follicular germinal center B cell lymphomas.J Cancer Res Ther. 2019;15(2):350-357. doi: 10.4103/jcrt.JCRT_243_18.
5 Treatment of breast cancer cells with DNA demethylating agents leads to a release of Pol II stalling at genes with DNA-hypermethylated regions upstream of TSS.Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Dec;39(22):9508-20. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkr611. Epub 2011 Aug 31.
6 Functional screening identifies miRNAs influencing apoptosis and proliferation in colorectal cancer.PLoS One. 2014 Jun 3;9(6):e96767. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096767. eCollection 2014.
7 TP53 in gastric cancer: mutations in the l3 loop and LSH motif DNA-binding domains of TP53 predict poor outcome.J Cell Physiol. 2004 Sep;200(3):476-85. doi: 10.1002/jcp.20053.
8 FOXM1 induces a global methylation signature that mimics the cancer epigenome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e34329. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034329. Epub 2012 Mar 26.
9 Mutations in CDCA7 and HELLS cause immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome. Nat Commun. 2015 Jul 28;6:7870. doi: 10.1038/ncomms8870.
10 Upregulation of the chromatin remodeler HELLS is mediated by YAP1 in Sonic Hedgehog Medulloblastoma.Sci Rep. 2019 Sep 20;9(1):13611. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-50088-1.
11 Fine mapping of chromosome 10q deletions in mycosis fungoides and sezary syndrome: identification of two discrete regions of deletion at 10q23.33-24.1 and 10q24.33-25.1.Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2005 Feb;42(2):184-92. doi: 10.1002/gcc.20115.
12 Linking expression of FOXM1, CEP55 and HELLS to tumorigenesis in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Laryngoscope. 2011 Dec;121(12):2598-603. doi: 10.1002/lary.22379.
13 Progesterone resistance in PCOS endometrium: a microarray analysis in clomiphene citrate-treated and artificial menstrual cycles.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Jun;96(6):1737-46. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-2600. Epub 2011 Mar 16.
14 Chromatin remodelers HELLS and UHRF1 mediate the epigenetic deregulation of genes that drive retinoblastoma tumor progression.Oncotarget. 2014 Oct 30;5(20):9594-608. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.2468.
15 HELLS Regulates Chromatin Remodeling and Epigenetic Silencing of Multiple Tumor Suppressor Genes in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Hepatology. 2019 May;69(5):2013-2030. doi: 10.1002/hep.30414. Epub 2019 Mar 27.
16 c-Myc targeted regulators of cell metabolism in a transgenic mouse model of papillary lung adenocarcinoma.Oncotarget. 2016 Oct 4;7(40):65514-65539. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.11804.
17 Gene-expression analysis of gleason grade 3 tumor glands embedded in low- and high-risk prostate cancer.Oncotarget. 2016 Jun 21;7(25):37846-37856. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.9344.
18 The human HELLS chromatin remodelling protein promotes end resection to facilitate homologous recombination and contributes to DSB repair within heterochromatin.Nucleic Acids Res. 2020 Feb 28;48(4):1872-1885. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz1146.
19 Chromatin remodeling protein HELLS is upregulated by inactivation of the RB-E2F pathway and is nonessential for osteosarcoma tumorigenesis.Oncotarget. 2018 Aug 24;9(66):32580-32592. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.25953. eCollection 2018 Aug 24.
20 TOP2A, HELLS, ATAD2, and TET3 Are Novel Prognostic Markers in Renal Cell Carcinoma.Urology. 2017 Apr;102:265.e1-265.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.12.050. Epub 2017 Jan 6.
21 LSH interacts with and stabilizes GINS4 transcript that promotes tumourigenesis in non-small cell lung cancer.J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Jun 28;38(1):280. doi: 10.1186/s13046-019-1276-y.
22 Human embryonic stem cell-derived test systems for developmental neurotoxicity: a transcriptomics approach. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Jan;87(1):123-43.
23 Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
24 Transcriptional and Metabolic Dissection of ATRA-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation in NB4 Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells. Cells. 2020 Nov 5;9(11):2423. doi: 10.3390/cells9112423.
25 Predictive toxicology using systemic biology and liver microfluidic "on chip" approaches: application to acetaminophen injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012 Mar 15;259(3):270-80.
26 Low doses of cisplatin induce gene alterations, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Biomark Insights. 2016 Aug 24;11:113-21.
27 Pleiotropic combinatorial transcriptomes of human breast cancer cells exposed to mixtures of dietary phytoestrogens. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Apr;47(4):787-95.
28 Quantitative proteomics reveals a broad-spectrum antiviral property of ivermectin, benefiting for COVID-19 treatment. J Cell Physiol. 2021 Apr;236(4):2959-2975. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30055. Epub 2020 Sep 22.
29 Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
30 Effects of 1alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and testosterone on miRNA and mRNA expression in LNCaP cells. Mol Cancer. 2011 May 18;10:58.
31 Definition of transcriptome-based indices for quantitative characterization of chemically disturbed stem cell development: introduction of the STOP-Toxukn and STOP-Toxukk tests. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Feb;91(2):839-864.
32 THC exposure of human iPSC neurons impacts genes associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Transl Psychiatry. 2018 Apr 25;8(1):89. doi: 10.1038/s41398-018-0137-3.
33 Effects of progesterone treatment on expression of genes involved in uterine quiescence. Reprod Sci. 2011 Aug;18(8):781-97.
34 Characterization of formaldehyde's genotoxic mode of action by gene expression analysis in TK6 cells. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Nov;87(11):1999-2012.
35 Identification of biomarkers and outcomes of endocrine disruption in human ovarian cortex using In Vitro Models. Toxicology. 2023 Feb;485:153425. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153425. Epub 2023 Jan 5.
36 A transcriptomics-based in vitro assay for predicting chemical genotoxicity in vivo. Carcinogenesis. 2012 Jul;33(7):1421-9.
37 Clinical determinants of response to irinotecan-based therapy derived from cell line models. Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Oct 15;14(20):6647-55.
38 Dasatinib reverses cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from primary lung carcinomas to a phenotype comparable to that of normal fibroblasts. Mol Cancer. 2010 Jun 27;9:168.
39 Ethyl carbamate induces cell death through its effects on multiple metabolic pathways. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Nov 1;277:21-32.
40 Resveratrol-induced gene expression profiles in human prostate cancer cells. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Mar;14(3):596-604. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0398.
41 Novel ATP-competitive Akt inhibitor afuresertib suppresses the proliferation of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells. Cancer Med. 2017 Nov;6(11):2646-2659. doi: 10.1002/cam4.1179. Epub 2017 Sep 27.
42 Phenethyl isothiocyanate alters the gene expression and the levels of protein associated with cell cycle regulation in human glioblastoma GBM 8401 cells. Environ Toxicol. 2017 Jan;32(1):176-187.
43 Identification of a transcriptomic signature of food-relevant genotoxins in human HepaRG hepatocarcinoma cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 Jun;140:111297. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111297. Epub 2020 Mar 28.
44 Highly active combination of BRD4 antagonist and histone deacetylase inhibitor against human acute myelogenous leukemia cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 2014 May;13(5):1142-54.
45 Inhibiting ubiquitination causes an accumulation of SUMOylated newly synthesized nuclear proteins at PML bodies. J Biol Chem. 2019 Oct 18;294(42):15218-15234. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.009147. Epub 2019 Jul 8.
46 Cell-based two-dimensional morphological assessment system to predict cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Nov 15;383:114761. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114761. Epub 2019 Sep 15.
47 Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveal cellular responses from caffeine, coumarin and quercetin in treated HepG2 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022 Aug 15;449:116110. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116110. Epub 2022 Jun 7.
48 Bisphenolic compounds alter gene expression in MCF-7 cells through interaction with estrogen receptor . Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2020 Jul 15;399:115030. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115030. Epub 2020 May 6.
49 Neurotoxicity and underlying cellular changes of 21 mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors. Arch Toxicol. 2021 Feb;95(2):591-615. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02970-5. Epub 2021 Jan 29.