General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OTXSC9UB)

DOT Name Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR)
Gene Name HPR
Related Disease
Bladder cancer ( )
Coronary heart disease ( )
Malaria ( )
Non-small-cell lung cancer ( )
Urinary bladder cancer ( )
Urinary bladder neoplasm ( )
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia ( )
Advanced cancer ( )
B-cell neoplasm ( )
Benign neoplasm ( )
Breast cancer ( )
Breast neoplasm ( )
Cardiovascular disease ( )
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( )
Endometrial cancer ( )
Endometrial carcinoma ( )
Epithelial ovarian cancer ( )
Glioma ( )
Melanoma ( )
Neuroblastoma ( )
Obesity ( )
Ovarian cancer ( )
Ovarian neoplasm ( )
Pheochromocytoma ( )
Primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified ( )
Prostate adenocarcinoma ( )
Small-cell lung cancer ( )
T-cell leukaemia ( )
T-cell lymphoma ( )
Zika virus infection ( )
Acute myelogenous leukaemia ( )
Breast carcinoma ( )
Lung cancer ( )
Lung carcinoma ( )
Pneumonia ( )
Precancerous condition ( )
Adult glioblastoma ( )
Glioblastoma multiforme ( )
Adult lymphoma ( )
African trypanosomiasis ( )
Carcinoma of liver and intrahepatic biliary tract ( )
Liver cancer ( )
Lymphoma ( )
Pediatric lymphoma ( )
Prostate cancer ( )
Prostate carcinoma ( )
UniProt ID
HPTR_HUMAN
3D Structure
Download
2D Sequence (FASTA)
Download
3D Structure (PDB)
Download
Pfam ID
PF00089
Sequence
MSDLGAVISLLLWGRQLFALYSGNDVTDISDDRFPKPPEIANGYVEHLFRYQCKNYYRLR
TEGDGVYTLNDKKQWINKAVGDKLPECEAVCGKPKNPANPVQRILGGHLDAKGSFPWQAK
MVSHHNLTTGATLINEQWLLTTAKNLFLNHSENATAKDIAPTLTLYVGKKQLVEIEKVVL
HPNYHQVDIGLIKLKQKVLVNERVMPICLPSKNYAEVGRVGYVSGWGQSDNFKLTDHLKY
VMLPVADQYDCITHYEGSTCPKWKAPKSPVGVQPILNEHTFCVGMSKYQEDTCYGDAGSA
FAVHDLEEDTWYAAGILSFDKSCAVAEYGVYVKVTSIQHWVQKTIAEN
Function
Primate-specific plasma protein associated with apolipoprotein L-I (apoL-I)-containing high-density lipoprotein (HDL). This HDL particle, termed trypanosome lytic factor-1 (TLF-1), mediates human innate immune protection against many species of African trypanosomes. Binds hemoglobin with high affinity and may contribute to the clearance of cell-free hemoglobin to allow hepatic recycling of heme iron.
Tissue Specificity
In adult liver the amount of HPR mRNA is at the lower limit of detection, therefore the extent of its expression is at most less than 1000-fold that of the HP1F gene. No HPR mRNA can be detected in fetal liver. Expressed in Hep-G2 and leukemia MOLT-4 cell lines.
KEGG Pathway
African trypanosomiasis (hsa05143 )
Reactome Pathway
Scavenging of heme from plasma (R-HSA-2168880 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

46 Disease(s) Related to This DOT
Disease Name Disease ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
Bladder cancer DISUHNM0 Definitive Biomarker [1]
Coronary heart disease DIS5OIP1 Definitive Genetic Variation [2]
Malaria DISQ9Y50 Definitive Altered Expression [3]
Non-small-cell lung cancer DIS5Y6R9 Definitive Biomarker [4]
Urinary bladder cancer DISDV4T7 Definitive Biomarker [1]
Urinary bladder neoplasm DIS7HACE Definitive Biomarker [1]
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia DISPX75S Strong Biomarker [5]
Advanced cancer DISAT1Z9 Strong Biomarker [6]
B-cell neoplasm DISVY326 Strong Altered Expression [7]
Benign neoplasm DISDUXAD Strong Biomarker [8]
Breast cancer DIS7DPX1 Strong Biomarker [9]
Breast neoplasm DISNGJLM Strong Biomarker [10]
Cardiovascular disease DIS2IQDX Strong Genetic Variation [11]
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia DISJ5D6U Strong Biomarker [5]
Endometrial cancer DISW0LMR Strong Genetic Variation [12]
Endometrial carcinoma DISXR5CY Strong Genetic Variation [12]
Epithelial ovarian cancer DIS56MH2 Strong Altered Expression [13]
Glioma DIS5RPEH Strong Biomarker [14]
Melanoma DIS1RRCY Strong Biomarker [15]
Neuroblastoma DISVZBI4 Strong Biomarker [13]
Obesity DIS47Y1K Strong Biomarker [6]
Ovarian cancer DISZJHAP Strong Altered Expression [13]
Ovarian neoplasm DISEAFTY Strong Altered Expression [13]
Pheochromocytoma DIS56IFV Strong Altered Expression [8]
Primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified DIS5OHQF Strong Biomarker [16]
Prostate adenocarcinoma DISBZYU8 Strong Biomarker [17]
Small-cell lung cancer DISK3LZD Strong Biomarker [18]
T-cell leukaemia DISJ6YIF Strong Biomarker [19]
T-cell lymphoma DISSXRTQ Strong Biomarker [13]
Zika virus infection DISQUCTY Strong Biomarker [20]
Acute myelogenous leukaemia DISCSPTN moderate Altered Expression [21]
Breast carcinoma DIS2UE88 moderate Biomarker [9]
Lung cancer DISCM4YA moderate Biomarker [22]
Lung carcinoma DISTR26C moderate Biomarker [22]
Pneumonia DIS8EF3M moderate Altered Expression [23]
Precancerous condition DISV06FL moderate Biomarker [24]
Adult glioblastoma DISVP4LU Disputed Biomarker [25]
Glioblastoma multiforme DISK8246 Disputed Biomarker [25]
Adult lymphoma DISK8IZR Limited Altered Expression [26]
African trypanosomiasis DISBIXK4 Limited Genetic Variation [27]
Carcinoma of liver and intrahepatic biliary tract DIS8WA0W Limited Biomarker [28]
Liver cancer DISDE4BI Limited Biomarker [28]
Lymphoma DISN6V4S Limited Altered Expression [26]
Pediatric lymphoma DIS51BK2 Limited Altered Expression [26]
Prostate cancer DISF190Y Limited Biomarker [29]
Prostate carcinoma DISMJPLE Limited Biomarker [29]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 46 Disease(s)
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DOT
1 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Valproate DMCFE9I Approved Valproate decreases the methylation of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [30]
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13 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Approved Ciclosporin decreases the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [31]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Approved Acetaminophen increases the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [32]
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Approved Doxorubicin decreases the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [33]
Cupric Sulfate DMP0NFQ Approved Cupric Sulfate decreases the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [34]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Approved Quercetin decreases the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [35]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Approved Methotrexate decreases the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [36]
Dexamethasone DMMWZET Approved Dexamethasone increases the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [37]
Azathioprine DMMZSXQ Approved Azathioprine decreases the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [38]
Urethane DM7NSI0 Phase 4 Urethane decreases the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [39]
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 Phase 1 Benzo(a)pyrene decreases the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [35]
Bisphenol A DM2ZLD7 Investigative Bisphenol A affects the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [40]
Sulforaphane DMQY3L0 Investigative Sulforaphane increases the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [41]
3R14S-OCHRATOXIN A DM2KEW6 Investigative 3R14S-OCHRATOXIN A affects the expression of Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR). [32]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 13 Drug(s)

References

1 N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR) modulates GADD45 expression in radiosensitive bladder cancer cell lines.Cancer Lett. 2002 Jun 28;180(2):131-7. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00864-3.
2 Novel genetic loci associated with long-term deterioration in blood lipid concentrations and coronary artery disease in European adults.Int J Epidemiol. 2017 Aug 1;46(4):1211-1222. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyw245.
3 Individual variation in levels of haptoglobin-related protein in children from Gabon.PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e49816. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049816. Epub 2012 Nov 20.
4 Combinational treatment with retinoic acid derivatives in non-small cell lung carcinoma in vitro.J Korean Med Sci. 2007 Sep;22 Suppl(Suppl):S52-60. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2007.22.S.S52.
5 Mechanism of synergy of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide and ABT-737 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines: Mcl-1 inactivation.J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008 Apr 16;100(8):580-95. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djn076. Epub 2008 Apr 8.
6 Inhibitory effects of fenretinide metabolites N-[4-methoxyphenyl]retinamide (MPR) and 4-oxo-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (3-keto-HPR) on fenretinide molecular targets -carotene oxygenase 1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 and dihydroceramide 4-desaturase 1.PLoS One. 2017 Apr 27;12(4):e0176487. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176487. eCollection 2017.
7 Fenretinide via NOXA Induction, Enhanced Activity of the BCL-2 Inhibitor Venetoclax in High BCL-2-Expressing Neuroblastoma Preclinical Models.Mol Cancer Ther. 2019 Dec;18(12):2270-2282. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-19-0385. Epub 2019 Sep 4.
8 Differential heparanase-1 expression in malignant and benign pheochromocytomas.J Surg Res. 2002 Nov;108(1):44-50. doi: 10.1006/jsre.2002.6451.
9 4-HPR Is an Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Aggravator and Sensitizes Breast Cancer Cells Resistant to TRAIL/Apo2L.Anticancer Res. 2018 Aug;38(8):4403-4416. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.12742.
10 N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)retinamide is more potent than other phenylretinamides in inhibiting the growth of BRCA1-mutated breast cancer cells.Carcinogenesis. 2005 May;26(5):1000-7. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgi038. Epub 2005 Feb 3.
11 Leveraging Polygenic Functional Enrichment to Improve GWAS Power.Am J Hum Genet. 2019 Jan 3;104(1):65-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.11.008. Epub 2018 Dec 27.
12 A functional polymorphism in the promoter of the progesterone receptor gene associated with endometrial cancer risk.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Sep 17;99(19):12263-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.192172299. Epub 2002 Sep 6.
13 Cytotoxicity and molecular activity of fenretinide and metabolites in T-cell lymphoid malignancy, neuroblastoma, and ovarian cancer cell lines in physiological hypoxia.Anticancer Drugs. 2019 Feb;30(2):117-127. doi: 10.1097/CAD.0000000000000696.
14 Mechanism of 4-HPR-induced apoptosis in glioma cells: evidences suggesting role of mitochondrial-mediated pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Carcinogenesis. 2006 Oct;27(10):2047-58. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgl051. Epub 2006 May 4.
15 Inhibitory effects of N-(4-hydrophenyl) retinamide on liver cancer and malignant melanoma cells. World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Oct 7;11(37):5763-9. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i37.5763.
16 Clinical development of fenretinide as an antineoplastic drug: Pharmacology perspectives.Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2017 Jun;242(11):1178-1184. doi: 10.1177/1535370217706952. Epub 2017 Apr 21.
17 In vitro anti-invasive effects of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-retinamide on human prostatic adenocarcinoma.Anticancer Res. 1995 Jul-Aug;15(4):1429-34.
18 Growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis by fenretinide in small-cell lung cancer cell lines.J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995 Nov 15;87(22):1674-80. doi: 10.1093/jnci/87.22.1674.
19 Cell cycle inhibition in human BE-13 T cell leukemia cells by haptoglobin-related (HPR) antisense cDNA.Anticancer Res. 1998 May-Jun;18(3A):1745-50.
20 Identification of anti-flaviviral drugs with mosquitocidal and anti-Zika virus activity in Aedes aegypti.PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Aug 20;13(8):e0007681. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007681. eCollection 2019 Aug.
21 Nuclear retinoid receptors are involved in N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (Fenretinide)-induced gene expression and growth inhibition in HL-60 acute myeloid leukemia cells. Leuk Lymphoma. 2004 May;45(5):979-85.
22 Anti-tumor activity of fenretinide complexed with human serum albumin in lung cancer xenograft mouse model.Oncotarget. 2014 Jul 15;5(13):4811-20. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.2038.
23 Lectin Microarray Combined with Mass Spectrometry Identifies Haptoglobin-Related Protein (HPR) as a Potential Serologic Biomarker for Separating Nonbacterial Pneumonia from Bacterial Pneumonia in Childhood.Proteomics Clin Appl. 2018 Nov;12(6):e1800030. doi: 10.1002/prca.201800030. Epub 2018 Jun 10.
24 4-HPR modulates gene expression in ovarian cells. Int J Cancer. 2006 Sep 1;119(5):1005-13. doi: 10.1002/ijc.21797.
25 Survivin knockdown and concurrent 4-HPR treatment controlled human glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo.Neuro Oncol. 2010 Nov;12(11):1088-101. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/noq079. Epub 2010 Aug 2.
26 Haptoglobin-related protein as a serum marker in malignant lymphoma.Pathol Oncol Res. 1998;4(4):271-6. doi: 10.1007/BF02905217.
27 A polymorphism in the haptoglobin, haptoglobin related protein locus is associated with risk of human sleeping sickness within Cameroonian populations.PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017 Oct 27;11(10):e0005979. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005979. eCollection 2017 Oct.
28 Fenretinide inhibits the proliferation and migration of human liver cancer HepG2 cells by downregulating the activation of myosin light chain kinase through the p38MAPK signaling pathway.Oncol Rep. 2018 Jul;40(1):518-526. doi: 10.3892/or.2018.6436. Epub 2018 May 16.
29 Mechanistic studies of the effects of the retinoid N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide on prostate cancer cell growth and apoptosis.Mol Carcinog. 1999 Mar;24(3):160-8. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2744(199903)24:3<160::aid-mc2>3.0.co;2-m.
30 Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
31 Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
32 Comparison of base-line and chemical-induced transcriptomic responses in HepaRG and RPTEC/TERT1 cells using TempO-Seq. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Aug;92(8):2517-2531.
33 Bringing in vitro analysis closer to in vivo: studying doxorubicin toxicity and associated mechanisms in 3D human microtissues with PBPK-based dose modelling. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Sep 15;294:184-192.
34 Physiological and toxicological transcriptome changes in HepG2 cells exposed to copper. Physiol Genomics. 2009 Aug 7;38(3):386-401.
35 Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
36 Global molecular effects of tocilizumab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis synovium. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014 Jan;66(1):15-23.
37 Identification of mechanisms of action of bisphenol a-induced human preadipocyte differentiation by transcriptional profiling. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Nov;22(11):2333-43.
38 A transcriptomics-based in vitro assay for predicting chemical genotoxicity in vivo. Carcinogenesis. 2012 Jul;33(7):1421-9.
39 Ethyl carbamate induces cell death through its effects on multiple metabolic pathways. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Nov 1;277:21-32.
40 Comprehensive analysis of transcriptomic changes induced by low and high doses of bisphenol A in HepG2 spheroids in vitro and rat liver in vivo. Environ Res. 2019 Jun;173:124-134. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.035. Epub 2019 Mar 18.
41 Sulforaphane-induced apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells through extrinsic and intrinsic signal pathways and altering associated genes expression assayed by cDNA microarray. Environ Toxicol. 2017 Jan;32(1):311-328.