Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DM2Q3CL)

• Drug Name: Dimemorfan Drug Info
• Synonyms: Dimemorfan (INN); 36309-01-0; SCHEMBL509122

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[1]

• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 3037918
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:135048
  CAS Number: CAS 36309-01-0
  TTD Drug ID: DM2Q3CL

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Targeting Opioid receptor sigma 1 (OPRS1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Dextromethorphan	DMUDJZM	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[3]
Dextromethorphan Polistirex	DMEHCY5	Dry cough	MD12	Approved	[4]
CM-2395	DMASPWR	Schizophrenia	6A20	Phase 3	[5]
AVP-786	DMV1SOR	Alzheimer disease	8A20	Phase 3	[6]
ADX N05	DMLBYRA	Mood disorder	6A60-6E23	Phase 3	[7]
Igmesine	DMH97XA	Major depressive disorder	6A70.3	Phase 2	[8]
OPC-14523	DMB1WF3	Bulimia nervosa	6B81	Phase 2	[9]
ANAVEX 2-73	DM67OU4	Alzheimer disease	8A20	Phase 1	[10]
SSR-125047	DMSUFW6	Schizophrenia	6A20	Phase 1	[11]
SA-5845	DM6XZRL	Central nervous system disease	8A04-8D87	Phase 1	[12]

Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Cannabidiol	DM0659E	Dravet syndrome	8A61.11	Approved	[13]
Thioridazine	DM35M8J	Schizophrenia	6A20	Approved	[14]
Voriconazole	DMAOL2S	Aspergillosis	1F20	Approved	[15]
Chloramphenicol	DMFXEWT	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[16]
Capsaicin	DMGMF6V	Back pain	ME84.Z	Approved	[17]
Pentamidine	DMHZJCG	African trypanosomiasis	1F51	Approved	[18]
Stiripentol	DMMSDOY	Dravet syndrome	8A61.11	Approved	[19]
Quinine	DMSWYF5	Malaria	1F40-1F45	Approved	[18]
Desipramine	DMT2FDC	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	6A05.Z	Approved	[14]
Amitriptyline	DMK7F9S	Depression	6A70-6A7Z	Approved	[20]

Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Cannabidiol	DM0659E	Dravet syndrome	8A61.11	Approved	[13]
Troglitazone	DM3VFPD	Diabetic complication	5A2Y	Approved	[21]
Dapsone	DM4LT8A	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[18]
Voriconazole	DMAOL2S	Aspergillosis	1F20	Approved	[15]
Capsaicin	DMGMF6V	Back pain	ME84.Z	Approved	[17]
Zafirlukast	DMHNQOG	Asthma	CA23	Approved	[22]
Niclosamide	DMJAGXQ	Cestodes infection	1F70-1F76	Approved	[18]
Eicosapentaenoic acid/docosa-hexaenoic acid	DMMUCG4	Hypertriglyceridemia	5C80.1	Approved	[23]
Fluconazole	DMOWZ6B	Cryptococcal meningitis		Approved	[15]
Quinine	DMSWYF5	Malaria	1F40-1F45	Approved	[18]

Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Sertraline	DM0FB1J	Coronary heart disease	BA80.Z	Approved	[16]
Ritonavir	DMU764S	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[24]
Rifampicin	DM5DSFZ	Non-insulin dependent diabetes	5A11	Approved	[25]
Thalidomide	DM70BU5	Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma		Approved	[26]
Phenytoin	DMNOKBV	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[27]
Clopidogrel	DMOL54H	Acute coronary syndrome	BA41	Approved	[28]
Artemisinin	DMOY7W3	Malaria	1F40-1F45	Approved	[29]
Malathion	DMXZ84M	Pediculus capitis infestation	1G00.0	Approved	[30]
Phenobarbital	DMXZOCG	Cluster headache	8A81.0	Approved	[31]
Permethrin	DMZ0Q1G	Pediculus capitis infestation	1G00.0	Approved	[32]

Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Eplerenone	DMF0NQR	Heart failure	BD10-BD13	Approved	[33]
Cannabidiol	DM0659E	Dravet syndrome	8A61.11	Approved	[13]
Isotretinoin	DM4QTBN	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[34]
Voriconazole	DMAOL2S	Aspergillosis	1F20	Approved	[15]
Proguanil	DMBL79I	Malaria	1F40-1F45	Approved	[18]
Ivermectin	DMDBX5F	Intestinal strongyloidiasis due to nematode parasite	1F6B	Approved	[18]
Loratadine	DMF3AN7	Allergy	4A80-4A85	Approved	[35]
Nelfinavir mesylate	DMFX6G8	N. A.	N. A.	Approved	[36]
Capsaicin	DMGMF6V	Back pain	ME84.Z	Approved	[37]
Axitinib	DMGVH6N	Renal cell carcinoma	2C90	Approved	[38]

Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Hydrogen peroxide	DM1NG5W	Infectious disease	1A00-CA43.1	Approved	[39]
Paliperidone	DM7NPJS	Psychotic disorder	6A20-6A25	Approved	[40]
Dopamine	DMPGUCF	Acromegaly	5A60.0	Approved	[41]
Cannabidiol	DM0659E	Dravet syndrome	8A61.11	Approved	[42]
Oxatomide	DM1F42Z	Hay fever	CA08.00	Approved	[43]
Cinacalcet	DMCX0K3	Hyperparathyroidism	5A51	Approved	[44]
Capsaicin	DMGMF6V	Back pain	ME84.Z	Approved	[17]
Pentamidine	DMHZJCG	African trypanosomiasis	1F51	Approved	[18]
Quinidine	DMLPICK	N. A.	N. A.	Approved	[45]
Buprenorphine	DMPRI8G	Opioid dependence	6C43.2Z	Approved	[46]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Opioid receptor sigma 1 (OPRS1)	TT5TPI6	SGMR1_HUMAN	Agonist	[1]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)	OTOYO4S7	CP2B6_HUMAN	Biotransformations	[2]
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)	OTFMJYYE	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Biotransformations	[2]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	OTGLBN29	CP2C9_HUMAN	Biotransformations	[2]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	OTZJC802	CP2D6_HUMAN	Biotransformations	[2]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	OTQGYY83	CP3A4_HUMAN	Biotransformations	[2]

References

• [1] Dimemorfan protects rats against ischemic stroke through activation of sigma-1 receptor-mediated mechanisms by decreasing glutamate accumulation. J Neurochem. 2008 Jan;104(2):558-72.
• [2] The oxidative metabolism of dimemorfan by human cytochrome P450 enzymes. J Pharm Sci. 2010 Feb;99(2):1063-77.
• [3] Dextromethorphan/quinidine: AVP 923, dextromethorphan/cytochrome P450-2D6 inhibitor, quinidine/dextromethorphan. Drugs R D. 2005;6(3):174-7.
• [4] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [5] Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800031127)
• [6] Antitussives and substance abuse. Subst Abuse Rehabil. 2013 Nov 6;4:75-82.
• [7] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of SK BioPhamaceuticals.
• [8] Antiamnesic and neuroprotective effects of donepezil against learning impairments induced in mice by exposure to carbon monoxide gas. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Jun;317(3):1307-19.
• [9] Antidepressant-like responses to the combined sigma and 5-HT1A receptor agonist OPC-14523. Neuropharmacology. 2001 Dec;41(8):976-88.
• [10] 2011 Pipeline of Anavex.
• [11] The pipeline and future of drug development in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 2007 Oct;12(10):904-22.
• [12] Tumor imaging with 2 sigma-receptor ligands, 18F-FE-SA5845 and 11C-SA4503: a feasibility study. J Nucl Med. 2004 Nov;45(11):1939-45.
• [13] Characterization of the structural determinants required for potent mechanism-based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 1A1 by cannabidiol. Chem Biol Interact. 2014 May 25;215:62-8.
• [14] Inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes participating in p-nitrophenol hydroxylation by drugs known as CYP2E1 inhibitors. Chem Biol Interact. 2004 Apr 15;147(3):331-40.
• [15] The novel azole R126638 is a selective inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis in Candida albicans, Trichophyton spp., and Microsporum canis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Sep;48(9):3272-8.
• [16] Cytochrome P450 inhibition potential of new psychoactive substances of the tryptamine class. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Jan 22;241:82-94.
• [17] Effects of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin on human and rat liver microsomal CYP450 enzyme activities in vitro and in vivo. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2012;14(4):382-95.
• [18] Application of higher throughput screening (HTS) inhibition assays to evaluate the interaction of antiparasitic drugs with cytochrome P450s. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jan;29(1):30-5.
• [19] Stiripentol. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2005 Jul;14(7):905-11.
• [20] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
• [21] Comparative effects of thiazolidinediones on in vitro P450 enzyme induction and inhibition. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Apr;31(4):439-46.
• [22] Potential of pranlukast and zafirlukast in the inhibition of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. Xenobiotica. 2004 May;34(5):429-38.
• [23] The inhibitory effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on human CYP enzymes. Life Sci. 2006 Nov 25;79(26):2432-40.
• [24] Transcriptional profiling suggests that Nevirapine and Ritonavir cause drug induced liver injury through distinct mechanisms in primary human hepatocytes. Chem Biol Interact. 2016 Aug 5;255:31-44.
• [25] Evaluation of gene induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in primary culture of human hepatocytes using high-sensitivity real-time reverse transcription PCR. Yakugaku Zasshi. 2002 May;122(5):339-61.
• [26] Thalidomide increases human hepatic cytochrome P450 3A enzymes by direct activation of the pregnane X receptor. Chem Res Toxicol. 2014 Feb 17;27(2):304-308.
• [27] Human constitutive androstane receptor mediates induction of CYP2B6 gene expression by phenytoin. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jul 9;279(28):29295-301. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M400580200. Epub 2004 Apr 28.
• [28] Identification of novel agonists by high-throughput screening and molecular modelling of human constitutive androstane receptor isoform 3. Arch Toxicol. 2019 Aug;93(8):2247-2264. doi: 10.1007/s00204-019-02495-6. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
• [29] Antimalarial artemisinin drugs induce cytochrome P450 and MDR1 expression by activation of xenosensors pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Jun;67(6):1954-65.
• [30] Characterization of human cytochrome P450 induction by pesticides. Toxicology. 2012 Mar 29;294(1):17-26.
• [31] Species-specific mechanisms for cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) regulation by drugs and bile acids. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2005 Feb 1;434(1):75-85.
• [32] Pyrethroids: cytotoxicity and induction of CYP isoforms in human hepatocytes. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 2008;23(3-4):211-36.
• [33] The relative role of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in eplerenone metabolism. Toxicol Lett. 2019 Oct 15;315:9-13.
• [34] Retinoids activate the RXR/SXR-mediated pathway and induce the endogenous CYP3A4 activity in Huh7 human hepatoma cells. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jul;92(1):51-60.
• [35] Cetirizine and loratadine-based antihistamines with 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Nov 15;14(22):5591-4.
• [36] Mechanism-based inactivation of CYP3A by HIV protease inhibitors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Feb;312(2):583-91.
• [37] Studies of the toxicological potential of capsinoids, XIII: inhibitory effects of capsaicin and capsinoids on cytochrome P450 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Int J Toxicol. 2010 Mar;29(2 Suppl):22S-6S.
• [38] Investigation of the effects of axitinib on the pharmacokinetics of loperamide and its main metabolite N-demethylated loperamide in rats by UPLC-MS/MS. Chem Biol Interact. 2019 Sep 1;310:108744. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108744. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
• [39] Human recombinant cytochrome P450 enzymes display distinct hydrogen peroxide generating activities during substrate independent NADPH oxidase reactions. Toxicol Sci. 2014 Oct;141(2):344-52. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu133. Epub 2014 Jul 24.
• [40] Cytochrome P450 2D6 genotype and steady state plasma levels of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1999 Dec;147(3):300-5. doi: 10.1007/s002130051171.
• [41] Effect of penicillin-based antibiotics, amoxicillin, ampicillin, and piperacillin, on drug-metabolizing activities of human hepatic cytochromes P450. J Toxicol Sci. 2016 Feb;41(1):143-6.
• [42] Cannabidiol, a major phytocannabinoid, as a potent atypical inhibitor for CYP2D6. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Nov;39(11):2049-56. doi: 10.1124/dmd.111.041384. Epub 2011 Aug 5.
• [43] Identification of human P450 isoforms involved in the metabolism of the antiallergic drug, oxatomide, and its kinetic parameters and inhibition constants. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Feb;28(2):328-34.
• [44] Pharmacokinetics of desipramine HCl when administered with cinacalcet HCl. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2007 Feb;63(2):159-63.
• [45] Inhibition of cytochrome P4502D6 activity with paroxetine normalizes the ultrarapid metabolizer phenotype as measured by nortriptyline pharmacokinetics and the debrisoquin test. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001 Oct;70(4):327-35.
• [46] Interaction of buprenorphine and its metabolite norbuprenorphine with cytochromes p450 in vitro. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Jun;31(6):768-72.