Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMXZOCG)

Drug Name
Phenobarbital
Synonyms
Adonal; Aephenal; Agrypnal; Amylofene; Antrocol; Aphenylbarbit; Aphenyletten; Austrominal; Barbapil; Barbellen; Barbellon; Barbenyl; Barbilehae; Barbinal; Barbipenyl; Barbiphen; Barbiphenyl; Barbipil; Barbita; Barbivis; Barbonal; Barbophen; Bardorm; Bartol; Bialminal; Cabronal; Calmetten; Calminal; Cardenal; Chinoin; Codibarbita; Coronaletta; Cratecil; Damoral; Dezibarbitur; Donphen; Dormina; Dormiral; Dormital; Doscalun; Duneryl; Ensobarb; Ensodorm; Epanal; Epidorm; Epilol; Episedal; Epsylone; Eskabarb; Etilfen; Euneryl; Ezibarbitur; Fenbital; Fenemal; Fenobarbital; Fenobarbitale; Fenosed; Fenylettae; Gardenal; Gardepanyl; Glysoletten; Haplopan; Haplos; Helional; Hennoletten; Henotal; Hypnaletten; Hypnette; Hypnogen; Hypnolone; Hypnoltol; Hysteps; Lefebar; Leonal; Lephebar; Lepinal; Lepinaletten; Linasen; Liquital; Lixophen; Lubergal; Lubrokal; Lumen; Lumesettes; Lumesyn; Luminal; Lumofridetten; Luphenil; Luramin; Molinal; Neurobarb; Nirvonal; Noptil; Nunol; PHOB; Parkotal; Pharmetten; Phenaemal; Phenemal; Phenemalum; Phenobal; Phenobarb; Phenobarbitalum; Phenobarbitol; Phenobarbitone; Phenobarbitonum; Phenobarbyl; Phenoluric; Phenolurio; Phenomet; Phenonyl; Phenoturic; Phenylaethylbarbitursaeure; Phenylethylbarbiturate; Phenylethylbarbitursaeure; Phenylethylmalonylurea; Phenyletten; Phenylral; Phenyral; Polcominal; Promptonal; Sedabar; Sedicat; Sedizorin; Sedlyn; Sedofen; Sedonal; Sedonettes; Sedophen; Sevenal; Solfoton; Sombutol; Somnolens; Somnoletten; Somnosan; Somonal; Spasepilin; Starifen; Starilettae; Stental; Talpheno; Teolaxin; Teoloxin; Thenobarbital; Theoloxin; Theominal; Triabarb; Tridezibarbitur; Triphenatol; Versomnal; Zadoletten; Zadonal; Aephe nal; Component of Antrocol; Component of Bronkotabs; Component of Hecadrol; Component of Primatene P; Component of Slowten; Component of Tedral; Elixir of phenobarbital; Fen osed; Fenobarbitale [DCIT]; Le phebar; Levsin PB Drops and Tablets; PUBERTAL PHENOBARBITAL STUDY; Pamine PB; Phenobarbitalum [INN]; Phenobarbituric acid; Phenylethyl barbituric acid; Phenylethylbarbituric acid; Solfoton talpheno; Stental Extentabs; Stental exte ntabs; Arco-Lase Plus; Barbilehae (barbilettae); Blu-phen; Chardonna-2; Component of Valpin 50-PB; Fenobarbital [INN-Spanish]; Gustase-Plus; Hypno-Tablinetten; Luminal (TN); Nova-Pheno; Phazyme-PB; Phen-Bar; Phenobarbital (PB); Phenobarbital, Monosodium Salt; Phenobarbitalum [INN-Latin]; SK-Phenobarbital; Seda-Tablinen; Seda-tabl inen; Sedonal (sedative); Solu-Barb; Valprin 50-PB; Phenobarbital [USAN:INN:JAN]; Phenyl-ethyl-barbituric acid; Acido 5-fenil-5-etilbarbiturico; Acido 5-fenil-5-etilbarbiturico [Italian]; Phenobarbital (JP15/USP/INN); 5-Ethyl-5-phenyl-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione;5-Ethyl-5-phenyl-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)pyrimidinetrione; 5-Ethyl-5-phenyl-2,4,6-pyrimidinetrione; 5-Ethyl-5-phenyl-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione; 5-Ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid; 5-Phenyl-5-ethylbarbituric acid;5-ethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione; 5-ethyl-5-phenylpyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Seizure disorder 8A6Z Approved [1], [2]
Therapeutic Class
Anticonvulsants
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0 Molecular Weight (mw) 232.23
Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp) 1.5
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 3
ADMET Property
BDDCS Class
Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 1: high solubility and high permeability [3]
Bioavailability
99% of drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s) [4]
Clearance
The drug present in the plasma can be removed from the body at the rate of 0.063 mL/min/kg [5]
Elimination
24% of drug is excreted from urine in the unchanged form [3]
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 53 - 118 hours [5]
Metabolism
The drug is metabolized via the hepatic [6]
MRTD
The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 9.30068 micromolar/kg/day [7]
Unbound Fraction
The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.49% [5]
Vd
Fluid volume that would be required to contain the amount of drug present in the body at the same concentration as in the plasma 0.54 L/kg [5]
Water Solubility
The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 1 mg/mL [3]
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C12H12N2O3
IUPAC Name
5-ethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione
Canonical SMILES
CCC1(C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O)C2=CC=CC=C2
InChI
InChI=1S/C12H12N2O3/c1-2-12(8-6-4-3-5-7-8)9(15)13-11(17)14-10(12)16/h3-7H,2H2,1H3,(H2,13,14,15,16,17)
InChIKey
DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
4763
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:8069
CAS Number
50-06-6
DrugBank ID
DB01174
TTD ID
D0Y7RW
VARIDT ID
DR00471
INTEDE ID
DR1275
ACDINA ID
D00525

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (GAR) TTNJYV2 NOUNIPROTAC Antagonist [8], [9]

Drug Transporter (DTP)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [10]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [11]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [12]
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) DEVDYN7 CP2E1_HUMAN Substrate [13]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Substrate [14]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)
Main DME 		DEGTFWK CP2CJ_HUMAN Substrate [15]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Substrate [16]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) DEPKLMQ CP2B6_HUMAN Substrate [17]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) DES5XRU CP2C8_HUMAN Substrate [18]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7) DERD86B CP3A7_HUMAN Substrate [19]
Cytochrome P450 2C18 (CYP2C18) DEZMWRE CP2CI_HUMAN Substrate [20]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Same Disease as Phenobarbital
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Disease REF
Methsuximide DM6L5VO Moderate Increased plasma concentrations of Phenobarbital and Methsuximide due to competitive inhibition of the same metabolic pathway. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [112]
Cenobamate DMGOVHA Moderate Decreased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Cenobamate mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [113]
Stiripentol DMMSDOY Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Stiripentol mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [114]
Fosphenytoin DMOX3LB Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Fosphenytoin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [115]
Brivaracetam DMSEPK8 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Brivaracetam mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [116]
Lacosamide DMVM6QR Minor Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Lacosamide mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [116]
Eslicarbazepine DMZREFQ Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Eslicarbazepine mediated induction of UGT. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [117]
⏷ Show the Full List of 7 DDI Information of This Drug
Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Phenobarbital (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Remdesivir DMBFZ6L Moderate Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by Remdesivir. 1D6YCoronavirus Disease 2019 [1D6YCoronavirus Disease 2019] [116]
Clindamycin DM15HL8 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Clindamycin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Acne vulgaris [ED80] [118]
Ivosidenib DM8S6T7 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ivosidenib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60] [119]
Midostaurin DMI6E0R Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Midostaurin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60] [120]
Gilteritinib DMWQ4MZ Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Gilteritinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60] [121]
Oliceridine DM6MDCF Major Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Phenobarbital and Oliceridine. Acute pain [MG31] [122]
Emapalumab DMZG5WL Moderate Altered metabolism of Phenobarbital due to Emapalumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Adaptive immunity immunodeficiency [4A01] [116]
Siltuximab DMGEATB Moderate Altered metabolism of Phenobarbital due to Siltuximab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Anemia [3A00-3A9Z] [116]
Ivabradine DM0L594 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ivabradine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Angina pectoris [BA40] [116]
Dronedarone DMA8FS5 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Dronedarone mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Angina pectoris [BA40] [123]
Bedaquiline DM3906J Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Bedaquiline mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Antimicrobial drug resistance [MG50-MG52] [116]
Posaconazole DMUL5EW Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Posaconazole mediated induction of UGT. Aspergillosis [1F20] [116]
Roflumilast DMPGHY8 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Roflumilast mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Asthma [CA23] [124]
Cariprazine DMJYDVK Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Cariprazine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Bipolar disorder [6A60] [125]
Erdafitinib DMI782S Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Erdafitinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Bladder cancer [2C94] [126]
Pexidartinib DMS2J0Z Major Decreased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Pexidartinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Bone/articular cartilage neoplasm [2F7B] [127]
Lomustine DMMWSUL Minor Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Lomustine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Brain cancer [2A00] [128]
Ixabepilone DM2OZ3G Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ixabepilone mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [129]
Lapatinib DM3BH1Y Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Lapatinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [130]
HKI-272 DM6QOVN Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by HKI-272 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [130]
LY2835219 DM93VBZ Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by LY2835219 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [131]
Tucatinib DMBESUA Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Tucatinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [132]
Palbociclib DMD7L94 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Palbociclib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [130]
Alpelisib DMEXMYK Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Alpelisib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [133]
Quinestrol DMJ6H1Z Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Quinestrol mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [134]
Cabazitaxel DMPAZHC Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Cabazitaxel mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [135]
Bosutinib DMTI8YE Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Bosutinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [136]
Macitentan DMP79A1 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Macitentan mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Cardiovascular disease [BA00-BE2Z] [137]
Doxercalciferol DM6FG1P Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Doxercalciferol mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Chronic kidney disease [GB61] [138]
Corticotropin DMP9TWZ Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Corticotropin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Chronic kidney disease [GB61] [139]
PF-04449913 DMSB068 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by PF-04449913 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia [2A40] [140]
Dihydrocodeine DMB0FWL Major Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Phenobarbital and Dihydrocodeine. Chronic pain [MG30] [141]
Regorafenib DMHSY1I Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Regorafenib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Colorectal cancer [2B91] [142]
Intedanib DMSTA36 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Intedanib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Colorectal cancer [2B91] [143]
Drospirenone DM1A9W3 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Drospirenone mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Contraceptive management [QA21] [134]
Levonorgestrel DM1DP7T Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Levonorgestrel mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Contraceptive management [QA21] [134]
Ulipristal DMBNI20 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ulipristal mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Contraceptive management [QA21] [116]
Oxtriphylline DMLHSE3 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Oxtriphylline mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Cough [MD12] [144]
Osilodrostat DMIJC9X Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Osilodrostat mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Cushing syndrome [5A70] [116]
Ivacaftor DMZC1HS Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ivacaftor mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Cystic fibrosis [CA25] [130]
MK-8228 DMOB58Q Moderate Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by MK-8228. Cytomegaloviral disease [1D82] [130]
Rivaroxaban DMQMBZ1 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Rivaroxaban mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Deep vein thrombosis [BD71] [145]
Vilazodone DM4LECQ Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Vilazodone mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [146]
Vortioxetine DM6F1PU Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Vortioxetine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [147]
OPC-34712 DMHG57U Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by OPC-34712 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [148]
Esketamine DMVU687 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Phenobarbital and Esketamine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [130]
Empagliflozin DMRF9YK Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Empagliflozin mediated induction of UGT. Diabetes mellitus [5A10] [130]
Polatuzumab vedotin DMF6Y0L Minor Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Polatuzumab vedotin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma [2A81] [130]
[3H]estrone-3-sulphate DMGPF0N Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by [3H]estrone-3-sulphate mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Discovery agent [N.A.] [149]
Ospemifene DMC4GEI Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ospemifene mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Dyspareunia [GA12] [150]
Ingrezza DMVPLNC Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ingrezza mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Dystonic disorder [8A02] [151]
Oestradiol valerate and dienogest DMZK0FQ Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Oestradiol valerate and dienogest mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Endometriosis [GA10] [152]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Cannabidiol mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Epileptic encephalopathy [8A62] [116]
Bay 80-6946 DMLOS5R Major Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by Bay 80-6946. Follicular lymphoma [2A80] [153]
Tazemetostat DMWP1BH Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Tazemetostat mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Follicular lymphoma [2A80] [154]
Solifenacin DMG592Q Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Solifenacin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Functional bladder disorder [GC50] [155]
Mirabegron DMS1GYT Minor Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Mirabegron mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Functional bladder disorder [GC50] [156]
Ripretinib DM958QB Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ripretinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Gastrointestinal stromal tumour [2B5B] [157]
Sunitinib DMCBJSR Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Sunitinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Gastrointestinal stromal tumour [2B5B] [130]
Avapritinib DMK2GZX Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Avapritinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Gastrointestinal stromal tumour [2B5B] [116]
Digitoxin DMWVIGP Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Digitoxin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z] [158]
Boceprevir DMBSHMF Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Boceprevir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51] [159]
PSI-7977 DMLSUWZ Major Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by PSI-7977. Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51] [116]
Simeprevir DMLUA9D Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Simeprevir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51] [160]
Telaprevir DMMRV29 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Telaprevir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51] [161]
Daclatasvir DMSFK9V Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Daclatasvir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51] [116]
Pretomanid DMDYA31 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Pretomanid mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis [1B10-1B14] [162]
MK-1439 DM215WE Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by MK-1439 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [163]
Fosamprenavir DM4W9B3 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Fosamprenavir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [164]
Fostemsavir DM50ILT Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Fostemsavir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [165]
Cobicistat DM6L4H2 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Cobicistat mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [130]
Dolutegravir DMCZGRE Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Dolutegravir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [130]
Saquinavir DMG814N Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Saquinavir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [164]
Elvitegravir DMG9B1U Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Elvitegravir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [130]
Etravirine DMGV8QU Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Etravirine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [166]
Rilpivirine DMJ0QOW Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Rilpivirine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [167]
Darunavir DMN3GCH Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Darunavir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [145]
GSK1265744 DMT8J0I Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by GSK1265744 mediated induction of UGT. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [168]
Maraviroc DMTL94F Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Maraviroc mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [169]
Raltegravir DMYURI6 Minor Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Raltegravir mediated induction of UGT. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [145]
Teriflunomide DMQ2FKJ Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Teriflunomide mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [5C80] [130]
Acebutolol DM0TI4U Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Acebutolol mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [170]
Penbutolol DM4ES8F Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Penbutolol mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [170]
Nebivolol DM7F1PA Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Nebivolol mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [170]
Levamlodipine DM92S6N Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Levamlodipine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [171]
Tolvaptan DMIWFRL Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Tolvaptan mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Hypo-osmolality/hyponatraemia [5C72] [116]
Febuxostat DMDEXQ0 Minor Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Febuxostat mediated induction of UGT. Inborn purine/pyrimidine/nucleotide metabolism error [5C55] [116]
Lesinurad DMUR64T Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Lesinurad mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Inborn purine/pyrimidine/nucleotide metabolism error [5C55] [172]
TP-434 DM5A31S Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by TP-434 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Infectious gastroenteritis/colitis [1A40] [173]
Suvorexant DM0E6S3 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Suvorexant mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [174]
Tasimelteon DMLOQ1V Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Tasimelteon mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [175]
ITI-007 DMUQ1DO Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by ITI-007 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [176]
Naloxegol DML0B41 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Naloxegol mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Large intestine motility disorder [DB32] [116]
Pemigatinib DM819JF Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Pemigatinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Liver cancer [2C12] [116]
Crizotinib DM4F29C Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Crizotinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [130]
Brigatinib DM7W94S Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Brigatinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [177]
Ceritinib DMB920Z Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ceritinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [178]
Lurbinectedin DMEFRTZ Major Decreased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Lurbinectedin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [179]
PF-06463922 DMKM7EW Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by PF-06463922 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [180]
Osimertinib DMRJLAT Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Osimertinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [130]
BIBW 2992 DMTKD7Q Moderate Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by BIBW 2992. Lung cancer [2C25] [181]
Pralsetinib DMWU0I2 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Pralsetinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [182]
Capmatinib DMYCXKL Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Capmatinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [183]
Selpercatinib DMZR15V Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Selpercatinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [116]
Artemether DM48QOT Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Artemether mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Malaria [1F40-1F45] [130]
Hydroxychloroquine DMSIVND Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Hydroxychloroquine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Malaria [1F40-1F45] [130]
Idelalisib DM602WT Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Idelalisib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82] [184]
GDC-0199 DMH0QKA Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by GDC-0199 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82] [185]
IPI-145 DMWA24P Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by IPI-145 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82] [186]
Acalabrutinib DM7GCVW Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Acalabrutinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [187]
Ibrutinib DMHZCPO Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ibrutinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [116]
Ponatinib DMYGJQO Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ponatinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [130]
Arry-162 DM1P6FR Moderate Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by Arry-162. Melanoma [2C30] [130]
Vemurafenib DM62UG5 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Vemurafenib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Melanoma [2C30] [130]
Selumetinib DMC7W6R Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Selumetinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Melanoma [2C30] [188]
LGX818 DMNQXV8 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by LGX818 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Melanoma [2C30] [189]
Dabrafenib DMX6OE3 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Dabrafenib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Melanoma [2C30] [130]
Allopregnanolone DMNLHAC Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Phenobarbital and Allopregnanolone. Mental/behavioural/neurodevelopmental disorder [6E20-6E8Z] [190]
Ubrogepant DM749I3 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ubrogepant mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Migraine [8A80] [191]
Rimegepant DMHOAUG Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Rimegepant mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Migraine [8A80] [192]
Lasmiditan DMXLVDT Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Phenobarbital and Lasmiditan. Migraine [8A80] [193]
Exjade DMHPRWG Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Exjade mediated induction of UGT. Mineral absorption/transport disorder [5C64] [130]
Flibanserin DM70DTN Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Flibanserin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Mood disorder [6A60-6E23] [194]
Panobinostat DM58WKG Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Panobinostat mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Multiple myeloma [2A83] [195]
Siponimod DM2R86O Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Siponimod mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [130]
Ozanimod DMT6AM2 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ozanimod mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [196]
Deflazacort DMV0RNS Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Deflazacort mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Muscular dystrophy [8C70] [116]
Romidepsin DMT5GNL Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Romidepsin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Mycosis fungoides [2B01] [197]
Fedratinib DM4ZBK6 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Fedratinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20] [116]
Nilotinib DM7HXWT Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Nilotinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20] [198]
Ruxolitinib DM7Q98D Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ruxolitinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20] [199]
Dasatinib DMJV2EK Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Dasatinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20] [130]
Vorapaxar DMA16BR Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Vorapaxar mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Myocardial infarction [BA41-BA43] [200]
Rolapitant DM8XP26 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Rolapitant mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Nausea/vomiting [MD90] [116]
Netupitant DMEKAYI Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Netupitant mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Nausea/vomiting [MD90] [130]
E-2007 DMJDYNQ Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by E-2007 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Neuropathy [8C0Z] [116]
Entrectinib DMMPTLH Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Entrectinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Non-small cell lung cancer [2C25] [201]
Levomethadyl Acetate DM06HG5 Major Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Phenobarbital and Levomethadyl Acetate. Opioid use disorder [6C43] [141]
S-297995 DM26IH8 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by S-297995 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Opioid use disorder [6C43] [202]
Olaparib DM8QB1D Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Olaparib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Ovarian cancer [2C73] [130]
Rucaparib DM9PVX8 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Rucaparib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Ovarian cancer [2C73] [203]
MK-4827 DMLYGH4 Moderate Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by MK-4827. Ovarian cancer [2C73] [204]
Oxymorphone DM65AGJ Major Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Phenobarbital and Oxymorphone. Pain [MG30-MG3Z] [205]
Dezocine DMJDB0Y Major Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Phenobarbital and Dezocine. Pain [MG30-MG3Z] [205]
Istradefylline DM20VSK Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Istradefylline mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Parkinsonism [8A00] [206]
Macimorelin DMQYJIR Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Macimorelin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Pituitary gland disorder [5A60-5A61] [207]
Lefamulin DME6G97 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Lefamulin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Pneumonia [CA40] [208]
Ergonovine DM0VEC1 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Ergonovine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Postpartum haemorrhage [JA43] [130]
Lonafarnib DMGM2Z6 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Lonafarnib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Premature ageing appearance [LD2B] [209]
ABIRATERONE DM8V75C Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by ABIRATERONE mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Prostate cancer [2C82] [210]
Enzalutamide DMGL19D Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Enzalutamide mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Prostate cancer [2C82] [211]
Darolutamide DMV7YFT Major Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by Darolutamide. Prostate cancer [2C82] [212]
Silodosin DMJSBT6 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Silodosin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Prostate hyperplasia [GA90] [130]
Ustekinumab DMHTYK3 Moderate Altered metabolism of Phenobarbital due to Ustekinumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Psoriasis [EA90] [116]
Apremilast DMTWS9E Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Apremilast mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Psoriasis [EA90] [213]
Ixekizumab DMXW92T Moderate Altered metabolism of Phenobarbital due to Ixekizumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Psoriasis [EA90] [116]
Riociguat DMXBLMP Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Riociguat mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Pulmonary hypertension [BB01] [214]
Everolimus DM8X2EH Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Everolimus mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Renal cell carcinoma [2C90] [145]
Axitinib DMGVH6N Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Axitinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Renal cell carcinoma [2C90] [215]
Temsirolimus DMS104F Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Temsirolimus mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Renal cell carcinoma [2C90] [130]
Tivozanib DMUKC5L Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Tivozanib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Renal cell carcinoma [2C90] [116]
Upadacitinib DM32B5U Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Upadacitinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [216]
Tocilizumab DM7J6OR Moderate Altered metabolism of Phenobarbital due to Tocilizumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [116]
Canakinumab DM8HLO5 Moderate Altered metabolism of Phenobarbital due to Canakinumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [116]
Tofacitinib DMBS370 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Tofacitinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [130]
Rilonacept DMGLUQS Moderate Altered metabolism of Phenobarbital due to Rilonacept alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [116]
Golimumab DMHZV7X Moderate Altered metabolism of Phenobarbital due to Golimumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [116]
Dexamethasone DMMWZET Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Dexamethasone mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [139]
Sarilumab DMOGNXY Moderate Altered metabolism of Phenobarbital due to Sarilumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [116]
Quetiapine DM1N62C Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Quetiapine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Schizophrenia [6A20] [130]
Aripiprazole DM3NUMH Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Aripiprazole mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Schizophrenia [6A20] [217]
Avanafil DM75CXN Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Avanafil mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Sexual dysfunction [HA00-HA01] [218]
Voxelotor DMCS6M5 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Voxelotor mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Sickle-cell disorder [3A51] [219]
LDE225 DMM9F25 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by LDE225 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Skin cancer [2C30-2C37] [220]
Larotrectinib DM26CQR Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Larotrectinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z] [130]
Docetaxel DMDI269 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Docetaxel mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z] [221]
Trabectedin DMG3Y89 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Trabectedin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z] [116]
Armodafinil DMGB035 Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Armodafinil mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z] [222]
LEE011 DMMX75K Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by LEE011 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z] [223]
Vandetanib DMRICNP Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Vandetanib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z] [224]
Taxol DMUOT9V Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Taxol mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z] [225]
Pitolisant DM8RFNJ Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Pitolisant mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Somnolence [MG42] [116]
Pomalidomide DMTGBAX Moderate Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by Pomalidomide. Systemic sclerosis [4A42] [226]
Fostamatinib DM6AUHV Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Fostamatinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Thrombocytopenia [3B64] [227]
As-1670542 DMV05SW Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by As-1670542 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Thrombocytopenia [3B64] [116]
Apixaban DM89JLN Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Apixaban mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Thrombosis [DB61-GB90] [116]
Brilinta DMBR01X Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Brilinta mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Thrombosis [DB61-GB90] [228]
Cabozantinib DMIYDT4 Major Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Cabozantinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Thyroid cancer [2D10] [229]
Canagliflozin DMFRM1I Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Canagliflozin mediated induction of UGT. Type 2 diabetes mellitus [5A11] [130]
Saxagliptin DMGXENV Moderate Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Saxagliptin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Type 2 diabetes mellitus [5A11] [230]
Linagliptin DMWFJTR Moderate Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by Linagliptin. Type 2 diabetes mellitus [5A11] [231]
Elagolix DMB2C0E Moderate Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by Elagolix. Uterine fibroid [2E86] [232]
Betrixaban DM2C4RF Moderate Accelerated clearance of Phenobarbital due to the transporter induction by Betrixaban. Venous thromboembolism [BD72] [233]
Propafenone DMPIBJK Minor Increased metabolism of Phenobarbital caused by Propafenone. Ventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC71] [234]
⏷ Show the Full List of 194 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG
DIG Name DIG ID PubChem CID Functional Classification
Docusate sodium E00563 23673837 Surfactant
Sodium lauryl sulfate E00464 3423265 Emulsifying agent; Modified-release agent; Penetration agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; lubricant
Stearic acid E00079 5281 Emulsifying agent; Solubilizing agent; Viscosity-controlling agent; lubricant
Beta-D-lactose E00099 6134 Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Calcium stearate E00244 15324 lubricant
Lactose monohydrate E00393 104938 Binding agent; Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Magnesium stearate E00208 11177 lubricant
Silicon dioxide E00670 Not Available Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
⏷ Show the Full List of 8 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug
Pharmaceutical Formulation
Formulation Name Drug Dosage Dosage Form Route
Phenobarbital 100 mg tablet 100 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Phenobarbital 60 mg tablet 60 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Phenobarbital 16.2 mg tablet 16.2 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Phenobarbital 32.4 mg tablet 32.4 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Phenobarbital 64.8 mg tablet 64.8 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Phenobarbital 97.2 mg tablet 97.2 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Phenobarbital 30 mg tablet 30 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Phenobarbital 15 mg tablet 15 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

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154 Product Information. Tazverik (tazemetostat). Epizyme, Inc, Cambridge, MA.
155 Product Information. VESIcare (solifenacin). GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC.
156 Product Information. Myrbetriq (mirabegron). Astellas Pharma US, Inc, Deerfield, IL.
157 Product Information. Qinlock (ripretinib). Deciphera Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA.
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160 Product Information. Olysio (simeprevir). Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ.
161 Product Information. Incivek (telaprevir). Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
162 Product Information. Pretomanid (pretomanid). The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development, New York, NY.
163 Product Information. Pifeltro (doravirine). Merck & Company Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ.
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165 Product Information. Rukobia (fostemsavir). ViiV Healthcare, Research Triangle Park, NC.
166 Product Information. Intelence (etravirine). Ortho Biotech Inc, Bridgewater, NJ.
167 Product Information. Edurant (rilpivirine). Tibotec Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ.
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171 Product Information. Mycobutin (rifabutin). Pharmacia and Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI.
172 Product Information. Zurampic (lesinurad). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
173 Product Information. Xerava (eravacycline). Tetraphase Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Watertown, MA.
174 Product Information. Belsomra (suvorexant). Merck & Company Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ.
175 Product Information. Hetlioz (tasimelteon). Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD.
176 Product Information. Caplyta (lumateperone). Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, NY.
177 Product Information. Alunbrig (brigatinib). Ariad Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA.
178 Product Information. Zykadia (ceritinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
179 Product Information. Zepzelca (lurbinectedin). Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA.
180 Product Information. Lorbrena (lorlatinib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
181 Product Information. Gilotrif (afatinib). Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT.
182 Product Information. Gavreto (pralsetinib). Blueprint Medicines Corporation, Cambridge, MA.
183 Product Information. Tabrecta (capmatinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
184 Product Information. Zydelig (idelalisib). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
185 Product Information. Venclexta (venetoclax). AbbVie US LLC, North Chicago, IL.
186 Product Information. Copiktra (duvelisib). Verastem, Inc., Needham, MA.
187 Product Information. Calquence (acalabrutinib). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
188 Product Information. Koselugo (selumetinib). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
189 Product Information. Braftovi (encorafenib). Array BioPharma Inc., Boulder, CO.
190 Product Information. Zulresso (brexanolone). Sage Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA.
191 Product Information. Ubrelvy (ubrogepant). Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA.
192 Product Information. Nurtec ODT (rimegepant). Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, CT.
193 Product Information. Reyvow (lasmiditan). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
194 Product Information. Addyi (flibanserin). Sprout Pharmaceuticals, Raleigh, NC.
195 Product Information. Farydak (panobinostat). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
196 Product Information. Zeposia (ozanimod). Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
197 Product Information. Istodax (romidepsin). Gloucester Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
198 Product Information. Tasigna (nilotinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
199 Product Information. Jakafi (ruxolitinib). Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE.
200 Product Information. Zontivity (vorapaxar). Merck & Company Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ.
201 Product Information. Rozlytrek (entrectinib). Genentech, South San Francisco, CA.
202 Product Information. Symproic (naldemedine). Shionogi USA Inc, Florham Park, NJ.
203 EMA. European Medicines Agency. European Union "EMA - List of medicines under additional monitoring.".
204 Product Information. Zejula (niraparib). Tesaro Inc., Waltham, MA.
205 US Food and Drug Administration "FDA warns about serious risks and death when combining opioid pain or cough medicines with benzodiazepines requires its strongest warning.".
206 Product Information. Nourianz (istradefylline). Kyowa Kirin, Inc, Bedminster, NJ.
207 Product Information. Macrilen (macimorelin). Aeterna Zentaris, Charleston, SC.
208 Product Information. Xenleta (lefamulin). Nabriva Therapeutics US, Inc., King of Prussia, PA.
209 Product Information. Zokinvy (lonafarnib). Eiger BioPharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA.
210 Product Information. Zytiga (abiraterone). Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA.
211 Product Information. Xtandi (enzalutamide). Astellas Pharma US, Inc, Deerfield, IL.
212 Product Information. Nubeqa (darolutamide). Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc., Whippany, NJ.
213 Product Information. Otezla (apremilast). Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
214 Product Information. Adempas (riociguat). Bayer Pharmaceutical Inc, West Haven, CT.
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216 Product Information. Rinvoq (upadacitinib). AbbVie US LLC, North Chicago, IL.
217 Product Information. Abilify (aripiprazole). Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
218 Product Information. Stendra (avanafil). Vivus Inc, Mountain View, CA.
219 Product Information. Oxbryta (voxelotor). Global Blood Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, CA.
220 Product Information. Odomzo (sonidegib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
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222 Product Information. Nuvigil (armodafinil). Cephalon Inc, West Chester, PA.
223 Product Information. Kisqali (ribociclib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
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226 Product Information. Pomalyst (pomalidomide). QLT Phototherapeutics Inc, Vancouver, AZ.
227 Product Information. Tavalisse (fostamatinib). Rigel Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA.
228 Product Information. Brilinta (ticagrelor). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
229 Product Information. Cabometyx (cabozantinib). Exelixis Inc, S San Francisco, CA.
230 Product Information. Onglyza (saxagliptin). Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
231 Product Information. Tradjenta (linagliptin). Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT.
232 Product Information. Orilissa (elagolix). AbbVie US LLC, North Chicago, IL.
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