General Information of Drug (ID: DMAHMT9)

Drug Name
Glutathione Drug Info
Synonyms
glutathione; 70-18-8; Glutathion; Isethion; Tathion; Glutathione-SH; Glutinal; reduced glutathione; Neuthion; Deltathione; Copren; L-Glutathione reduced; Glutide; Tathione; Triptide; Ledac; Glutatione; GSH; Glutatiol; Panaron; gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine; Glutathione SH; L-Glutatione; Glutathione (reduced); Agifutol S; L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine; gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine; 5-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine; Glutathione [JAN]; glutathione red; gamma-L-Glutamylcysteinylglycine; red. glutathione
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [1] , [2]
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
124886
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:16856
CAS Number
CAS 70-18-8
TTD Drug ID
DMAHMT9
VARIDT Drug ID
DR00039
INTEDE Drug ID
DR2036

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DTP
DME
Drug Status:
Investigative Drug(s)
Approved Drug(s)
Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Discontinued Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Dehydroascorbic acid DMKYQO4 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [10]
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Dehydroascorbic acid DMKYQO4 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [10]
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
LTC4 DM702WR Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [12]
Glutathione ester DMAV2I7 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [12]
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [16]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL leukaemia 2A60-2B33 Approved [17]
Folic acid DMEMBJC Folate-deficiency anemia 3A02.Y Approved [18]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [19]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [20]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [21]
Irinotecan DMP6SC2 Colorectal cancer 2B91.Z Approved [22]
Phenytoin DMNOKBV Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [23]
Daunorubicin DMQUSBT Acute myeloid leukaemia 2A60 Approved [24]
Docetaxel DMDI269 Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [21]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [25]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL leukaemia 2A60-2B33 Approved [26]
Folic acid DMEMBJC Folate-deficiency anemia 3A02.Y Approved [27]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [28]
Dinoprostone DMTYOPD Medical abortion JA00.1Z Approved [29]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [30]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [31]
Sulfasalazine DMICA9H Irritable bowel syndrome DD91.0 Approved [32]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [33]
Oxaliplatin DMQNWRD Colorectal cancer 2B91.Z Approved [34]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Transported By P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Amoxicillin DMUYNEI Bacterial infection 1A00-1C4Z Approved [21]
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [35]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL leukaemia 2A60-2B33 Approved [36]
Folic acid DMEMBJC Folate-deficiency anemia 3A02.Y Approved [37]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [36]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [36]
Progesterone DMUY35B Premature labour JB00 Approved [38]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [36]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [39]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [40]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [41]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL leukaemia 2A60-2B33 Approved [42]
Folic acid DMEMBJC Folate-deficiency anemia 3A02.Y Approved [43]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [44]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [45]
Progesterone DMUY35B Premature labour JB00 Approved [46]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [47]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [46]
Sulfasalazine DMICA9H Irritable bowel syndrome DD91.0 Approved [48]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [49]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Methotrexate DM2TEOL leukaemia 2A60-2B33 Approved [50]
Folic acid DMEMBJC Folate-deficiency anemia 3A02.Y Approved [51]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [52]
Dinoprostone DMTYOPD Medical abortion JA00.1Z Approved [53]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [21]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [54]
Irinotecan DMP6SC2 Colorectal cancer 2B91.Z Approved [55]
Mercaptopurine DMTM2IK Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [56]
Ganciclovir DM1MBYQ Virus infection 1A24-1D9Z Approved [21]
Cefazolin DMPDYFR Bacterial infection 1A00-1C4Z Approved [57]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Methotrexate DM2TEOL leukaemia 2A60-2B33 Approved [58]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [59]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [60]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Osteoarthritis FA00-FA05 Approved [61]
Sorafenib DMS8IFC Hepatocellular carcinoma 2C12.02 Approved [59]
Pravastatin DM6A0X7 Hypercholesterolaemia 5C80.0 Approved [62]
Mycophenolate mofetil DMPQAGE Organ transplant rejection NE84 Approved [63]
Atorvastatin DMF28YC Cardiovascular disease BA00-BE2Z Approved [64]
Erythromycin DM4K7GQ Bacterial infection 1A00-1C4Z Approved [65]
Cerivastatin DMXCM7H Hyperlipidaemia 5C80 Approved [64]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Targeting Enzyme unspecific (Enz)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Desoxyribonuclease DMEZFXR Female genital tract inflammation GA0Z Approved [66]
VT-1129 DMCGK9H Onchocerciasis 1F6A Phase 2 [67]
HTI-101 DMURXMJ Obesity 5B81 Phase 2 [68]
ASC-101 DMVNCSK Haematological malignancy 2B33.Y Phase 1/2 [69]
BXCL702 DMY9L4C Haematological malignancy 2B33.Y Phase 1 [70]
NZ-1002 DMINSRW Lysosomal storage disease 5C56.Z Terminated [71]
A-11259 DMZ5NQP Bacterial infection 1A00-1C4Z Terminated [72]
SRI-3072 DMBEUN6 Mycobacterium infection 1B10-1B21 Terminated [73]
GW-278884 DMUG82P Colorectal cancer 2B91.Z Terminated [74]
BM-13677 DMKITQN Diabetic complication 5A2Y Terminated [75]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Enzyme unspecific (Enz) TT3C1VN NOUNIPROTAC Modulator [3] , [2]

Drug Transporter (DTP)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [4]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (ABCC4) DTCSGPB MRP4_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1) DTSYQGK MRP1_HUMAN Substrate [6]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [7]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (SLCO1B3) DT9C1TS SO1B3_HUMAN Substrate [8]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [9]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Glutathione S-transferase omega-2 (GSTO2) DEHMPZR GSTO2_HUMAN Substrate [10]
Glutathione S-transferase omega-1 (GSTO1) DEZSNJD GSTO1_HUMAN Substrate [10]
Glutathione peroxidase 6 (GPX6) DEOS3FD GPX6_HUMAN Substrate [11]
Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 5 (GGT5) DEH6CAO GGT5_HUMAN Substrate [12]
Gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase (GGCT) DEKW6PB A0A073ACX1_RALSL Substrate [13] , [14]
Gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2 (CHAC2) DEB4JZV CHAC2_HUMAN Substrate [15]

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6737).
2 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
3 Methionine and cysteine affect glutathione level, glutathione-related enzyme activities and the expression of glutathione S-transferase isozymes in rat hepatocytes. J Nutr. 1997 Nov;127(11):2135-41.
4 Oxidative and electrophilic stress induces multidrug resistance-associated protein transporters via the nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 transcriptional pathway. Hepatology. 2007 Nov;46(5):1597-610.
5 Role of glutathione in the multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4/ABCC4)-mediated efflux of cAMP and resistance to purine analogues. Biochem J. 2002 Feb 1;361(Pt 3):497-503.
6 Structural determinants of substrate specificity differences between human multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 1 (ABCC1) and MRP3 (ABCC3). Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Dec;36(12):2571-81.
7 Glutathione transport is a unique function of the ATP-binding cassette protein ABCG2. J Biol Chem. 2010 May 28;285(22):16582-7.
8 Regulation of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides (OATP) 1B1- and OATP1B3-Mediated Transport: An Updated Review in the Context of OATP-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Mar 14;19(3). pii: E855.
9 Upregulation of cellular glutathione levels in human ABCB5- and murine Abcb5-transfected cells. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2015 Dec 15;16:37.
10 Structural insights into the dehydroascorbate reductase activity of human omega-class glutathione transferases. J Mol Biol. 2012 Jul 13;420(3):190-203.
11 Metabolomics reveals a role for the chromatin-binding protein HMGN5 in glutathione metabolism. PLoS One. 2014 Jan 2;9(1):e84583.
12 Gamma-glutamyl compounds: substrate specificity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase enzymes. Anal Biochem. 2011 Jul 15;414(2):208-14.
13 Characterization of the mechanism of thioredoxin-dependent activation of gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase, RipAY, from Ralstonia solanacearum. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Mar 12;523(3):759-765.
14 Vaginal microbiome in early pregnancy and subsequent risk of spontaneous preterm birth: a case-control study. BJOG. 2019 Feb;126(3):349-358.
15 ChaC2, an enzyme for slow turnover of cytosolic glutathione. J Biol Chem. 2017 Jan 13;292(2):638-651.
16 The role of bioreductive activation of doxorubicin in cytotoxic activity against leukaemia HL60-sensitive cell line and its multidrug-resistant sublines. Br J Cancer. 2005 Jul 11;93(1):89-97.
17 Transport of methotrexate (MTX) and folates by multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 3 and MRP1: effect of polyglutamylation on MTX transport. Cancer Res. 2001 Oct 1;61(19):7225-32.
18 Folate concentration dependent transport activity of the Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (ABCC1). Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Apr 15;67(8):1541-8.
19 Hammerhead ribozyme against gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase sensitizes human colonic cancer cells to cisplatin by down-regulating both the glutathione synthesis and the expression of multidrug resistance proteins. Cancer Gene Ther. 2001 Oct;8(10):803-14.
20 Multidrug resistance-associated protein-1 functional activity in Calu-3 cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Sep;298(3):1199-205.
21 Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
22 ATP-Dependent efflux of CPT-11 and SN-38 by the multidrug resistance protein (MRP) and its inhibition by PAK-104P. Mol Pharmacol. 1999 May;55(5):921-8.
23 Evaluation of transport of common antiepileptic drugs by human multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP1, 2 and 5) that are overexpressed in pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Neuropharmacology. 2010 Jun;58(7):1019-32.
24 Vinblastine and sulfinpyrazone export by the multidrug resistance protein MRP2 is associated with glutathione export. Br J Cancer. 2000 Aug;83(3):375-83.
25 Involvement of the drug transporters p glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein Mrp2 in telithromycin transport. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Jan;50(1):80-7.
26 Dose-dependent disposition of methotrexate in Abcc2 and Abcc3 gene knockout murine models. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Nov;39(11):2155-61.
27 Mammalian multidrug-resistance proteins (MRPs). Essays Biochem. 2011 Sep 7;50(1):179-207.
28 Enhancing chemosensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma by lentivirus vector-mediated RNA interference targeting EGFR and MRP2. Oncol Lett. 2016 Sep;12(3):2107-2114.
29 Multidrug resistance associated protein 2 mediates transport of prostaglandin E2. Liver Int. 2006 Apr;26(3):362-8.
30 Lentivirus-mediated RNAi silencing targeting ABCC2 increasing the sensitivity of a human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line against cisplatin. J Transl Med. 2008 Oct 4;6:55.
31 Effect of acetaminophen on expression and activity of rat liver multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 and P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Aug 15;68(4):791-8.
32 Small intestinal efflux mediated by MRP2 and BCRP shifts sulfasalazine intestinal permeability from high to low, enabling its colonic targeting. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):G371-7.
33 Delineating the contribution of secretory transporters in the efflux of etoposide using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein (Pgp), multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1), and canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter (cMOAT). Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Apr;30(4):457-63.
34 Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 (MRP2) Mediated Transport of Oxaliplatin-Derived Platinum in Membrane Vesicles. PLoS One. 2015 Jul 1;10(7):e0130727.
35 MDR1 (ABCB1) G1199A (Ser400Asn) polymorphism alters transepithelial permeability and sensitivity to anticancer agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2009 Jun;64(1):183-8.
36 Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
37 Folate transporter expression decreases in the human placenta throughout pregnancy and in pre-eclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2012 Apr;2(2):123-31.
38 Comparative studies on in vitro methods for evaluating in vivo function of MDR1 P-glycoprotein. Pharm Res. 2001 Dec;18(12):1660-8.
39 Antiestrogens and steroid hormones: substrates of the human P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):287-92.
40 Association of genetic polymorphisms in the influx transporter SLCO1B3 and the efflux transporter ABCB1 with imatinib pharmacokinetics in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Ther Drug Monit. 2011 Apr;33(2):244-50.
41 Doxorubicin transport by RALBP1 and ABCG2 in lung and breast cancer. Int J Oncol. 2007 Mar;30(3):717-25.
42 Wild-type breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) is a methotrexate polyglutamate transporter. Cancer Res. 2003 Sep 1;63(17):5538-43.
43 The effect of low pH on breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)-mediated transport of methotrexate, 7-hydroxymethotrexate, methotrexate diglutamate, folic acid, mitoxantrone, topotecan, and resveratrol in in vitro drug transport models. Mol Pharmacol. 2007 Jan;71(1):240-9.
44 Role of BCRP as a biomarker for predicting resistance to 5-fluorouracil in breast cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2009 May;63(6):1103-10.
45 Inhibiting the function of ABCB1 and ABCG2 by the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1478. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Mar 1;77(5):781-93.
46 Sterol transport by the human breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) expressed in Lactococcus lactis. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 6;278(23):20645-51.
47 The phytoestrogen genistein enhances multidrug resistance in breast cancer cell lines by translational regulation of ABC transporters. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jun 28;376(1):165-72.
48 Curcumin inhibits the activity of ABCG2/BCRP1, a multidrug resistance-linked ABC drug transporter in mice. Pharm Res. 2009 Feb;26(2):480-7.
49 Imatinib mesylate (STI571) is a substrate for the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)/ABCG2 drug pump. Blood. 2004 Nov 1;104(9):2940-2.
50 Interaction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 2/ABCC2- and MRP4/ABCC4-mediated methotrexate transport. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Jan;320(1):229-35.
51 Analysis of methotrexate and folate transport by multidrug resistance protein 4 (ABCC4): MRP4 is a component of the methotrexate efflux system. Cancer Res. 2002 Jun 1;62(11):3144-50.
52 ATP-binding cassette C transporters in human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Upregulation in 5-fluorouracil-resistant cells. Pancreatology. 2009;9(1-2):136-44.
53 The human multidrug resistance protein MRP4 functions as a prostaglandin efflux transporter and is inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9244-9.
54 Steroid and bile acid conjugates are substrates of human multidrug-resistance protein (MRP) 4 (ATP-binding cassette C4). Biochem J. 2003 Apr 15;371(Pt 2):361-7.
55 P-glycoprotein, but not multidrug resistance protein 4, plays a role in the systemic clearance of irinotecan and SN-38 in mice. Drug Metab Lett. 2010 Dec;4(4):195-201.
56 Polymorphisms in multidrug resistance-associated protein gene 4 is associated with outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2009 Aug 13;114(7):1383-6.
57 Oral availability of cefadroxil depends on ABCC3 and ABCC4. Drug Metab Dispos. 2012 Mar;40(3):515-21.
58 LST-2, a human liver-specific organic anion transporter, determines methotrexate sensitivity in gastrointestinal cancers. Gastroenterology. 2001 Jun;120(7):1689-99.
59 Contribution of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 to the disposition of sorafenib and sorafenib-glucuronide. Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Mar 15;19(6):1458-66.
60 Effect of pregnane X receptor ligands on transport mediated by human OATP1B1 and OATP1B3. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Apr 14;584(1):57-65.
61 Influence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1- and OATP1B3-mediated drug transport. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Jun;39(6):1047-53.
62 Relevance of conserved lysine and arginine residues in transmembrane helices for the transport activity of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3. Br J Pharmacol. 2010 Feb 1;159(3):698-708.
63 Influence of SLCO1B1, 1B3, 2B1 and ABCC2 genetic polymorphisms on mycophenolic acid pharmacokinetics in Japanese renal transplant recipients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2007 Dec;63(12):1161-9.
64 FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions
65 Impact of OATP transporters on pharmacokinetics. Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;158(3):693-705.
66 Preparation of the bifunctional enzyme ribonuclease-deoxyribonuclease by cross-linkage. Biochemistry. 1979 Oct 2;18(20):4449-52.
67 The clinical candidate VT-1161 is a highly potent inhibitor of Candida albicans CYP51 but fails to bind the human enzyme. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014 Dec;58(12):7121-7.
68 Halozyme Therapeutics Announces New Studies From HTI-101 Presented at Proteoglycan Research Conference. Halozyme Therapeutics. JULY 12, 2006.
69 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01983761) Study of ASC-101 in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies Who Receive Dual-cord Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
70 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
71 Expression of a cytokinin synthesis gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens T-DNA in basket willow (Salix viminalis). Physiologia Plantarum Volume 88, Issue 3, pages 439-445, July 1993.
72 The Identification of Nanomolar 1,4-benzoquinone Inhibitors of Shikimate Kinase. Aspergillus & Aspergillosis Website. 2002.
73 2-Alkoxycarbonylaminopyridines: inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis FtsZ. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002 Jul;50(1):111-4.
74 WO patent application no. 2010,1112,71, Orally bioavailable lipid-based constructs.
75 Progress in medicinal chemistry, 1994. Page(448).