Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DM02A65)

Drug Name

Temazepam

Synonyms

Cerepax; Crisonar; Dasuen; Euhypnos; Euipnos; Gelthix; Hydroxydiazepam; Lenal; Levanxene; Levanxol; Levanzene; Mabertin; Methyloxazepam; Nocturne; Nomapam; Normison; Normitab; Nortem; Oxydiazepam; Perdorm; Planum; Remestan; Restoril; Signopam; Temador; Temaz; Temaze; Temazepamum; Temtabs; Tenox; AHP Brand of Temazepam; Alphapharm Brand of Temazepam; Apo Temazepam; Apotex Brand of Temazepam; Ct Arzneimittel Brand of Temazepam; Desitin Brand of Temazepam; Gen Temazepam; Genopharm Brand of Temazepam; Genpharm Brand of Temazepam; ICN Brand of Temazepam; Katwijk Brand of Temazepam; Knoll Brand of Temazepam; Mallinckrodt Brand of Temazepam; Neodorm SP; Norkotral Tema; Norton Brand of Temazepam; Novartis Brand of Temazepam; Novo Temazepam; Novopharm Brand of Temazepam; Nu Pharm Brand of Temazepam; Nu Temazepam; Orion Brand of Temazepam; PMS Temazepam; Pharmascience Brand of Temazepam; Pronervon T; Scheffler Brand of Temazepam; Sigma Brand of Temazepam; Temazep von ct; Uvamin Retard; Wyeth Brand of Temazepam; ER 115; K3917; Pfizer Brand 1 of Temazepam; Pfizer Brand 2 of Temazepam; Ro 5 5345; Ro55345; SaH 47 603; SaH 47603; WY 2917; WY 3917; WY3917; Apo-Temazepam; Ct-Arzneimittel Brand of Temazepam; Euhypnos (TN); Gen-Temazepam; K-3917; N-Methyloxazepam; Norkotral (TN); Normison (TN); Novo-Temazepam; Nu-Pharm Brand of Temazepam; Nu-Temazepam; PMS-Temazepam; Remestan (TN); Restoril (TN); Ro 5-5345; SaH 47-603; Tema, Norkotral; Temazepam, pharmaceutical grade; Temazepamum [INN-Latin]; Temtabs (TN); Tenox (TN); Wy-3917; Ro-5-5345; Temazepam (USP/INN); Temazepam [USAN:INN:BAN]; 1,3-Dihydro-7-chloro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one; 3 Hydroxydiazepam; 3-Hydroxydiazepam; 7-CHLORO-1,3-DIHYDRO-3-HYDROXY-1-METHYL-5-PHENYL-2H-1,4-BENZODIAZEPIN-2-ONE; 7-Chloro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one; 7-chloro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Insomnia	7A00-7A0Z	Approved	[1], [2]

Therapeutic Class

Hypnotics and Sedatives

Drug Type

Small molecular drug

Structure

3D MOL

2D MOL

#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0

Molecular Weight (mw)

300.74

Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp)

2.2

Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds)

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor)

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc)

ADMET Property

BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 1: high solubility and high permeability [3]
Bioavailability: 91% of drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s) [4]
Clearance: The clearance of drug is 1.03 mL/min/kg [5]
Elimination: 80-90% of the dose appears in the urine, and 3-13% of the dose appears in the faeces [6]
Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 3.5 - 18 hours [7]
Metabolism: The drug is metabolized via the liver [8]
MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 0.83126 micromolar/kg/day [9]
Vd: The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 1.3-1.5 L/kg [6]
Water Solubility: The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 0.604 mg/mL [3]

Chemical Identifiers

Formula: C16H13ClN2O2
IUPAC Name: 7-chloro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one
Canonical SMILES: CN1C2=C(C=C(C=C2)Cl)C(=NC(C1=O)O)C3=CC=CC=C3
InChI: InChI=1S/C16H13ClN2O2/c1-19-13-8-7-11(17)9-12(13)14(18-15(20)16(19)21)10-5-3-2-4-6-10/h2-9,15,20H,1H3
InChIKey: SEQDDYPDSLOBDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Cross-matching ID

PubChem CID: 5391
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:9435
CAS Number: 846-50-4
DrugBank ID: DB00231
TTD ID: D04BNP
INTEDE ID: DR1547
ACDINA ID: D00659

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Translocator protein (TSPO)	TTPTXIN	TSPO_HUMAN	Modulator	[10]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Substrate	[12]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DEGTFWK	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)	DEPKLMQ	CP2B6_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DES5XRU	CP2C8_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

MIA Detail

Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Temazepam (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Sodium bicarbonate	DMMU6BJ	Minor	Altered absorption of Temazepam due to GI dynamics variation caused by Sodium bicarbonate.	Acidosis [5C73]	[58]
Oliceridine	DM6MDCF	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Oliceridine.	Acute pain [MG31]	[59]
Nitazoxanide	DMOWLVG	Moderate	Increased plasma concentration of Temazepam and Nitazoxanide due to competitive binding of plasma proteins.	Bowel habit change [ME05]	[60]
Dihydrocodeine	DMB0FWL	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Dihydrocodeine.	Chronic pain [MG30]	[61]
Morphine	DMRMS0L	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Morphine.	Chronic pain [MG30]	[59]
Olopatadine	DMKMWQG	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Olopatadine.	Conjunctiva disorder [9A60]	[62]
Propofol	DMB4OLE	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Propofol.	Corneal disease [9A76-9A78]	[63]
Alfentanil	DMVO0UB	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Alfentanil.	Corneal disease [9A76-9A78]	[59]
Remifentanil	DMZTXCH	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Remifentanil.	Corneal disease [9A76-9A78]	[59]
Methadone	DMTW6IU	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Methadone.	Cough [MD12]	[59]
Ethanol	DMDRQZU	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Ethanol.	Cystitis [GC00]	[64]
Esketamine	DMVU687	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Esketamine.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[65]
SODIUM CITRATE	DMHPD2Y	Minor	Altered absorption of Temazepam due to GI dynamics variation caused by SODIUM CITRATE.	Discovery agent [N.A.]	[58]
Mephenytoin	DM5UGDK	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Temazepam caused by Mephenytoin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[66]
Phenytoin	DMNOKBV	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Temazepam caused by Phenytoin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[66]
Fosphenytoin	DMOX3LB	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Temazepam caused by Fosphenytoin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[66]
Ethotoin	DMXWOCP	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Temazepam caused by Ethotoin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[66]
Brimonidine	DMQLT4N	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Brimonidine.	Glaucoma [9C61]	[67]
Digoxin	DMQCTIH	Moderate	Increased plasma concentration of Temazepam and Digoxin due to competitive binding of plasma proteins.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[68]
Didanosine	DMI2QPE	Minor	Altered absorption of Temazepam due to GI dynamics variation caused by Didanosine.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[58]
Metoprolol	DMOJ0V6	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Temazepam and Metoprolol.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[69]
Probenecid	DMMFWOJ	Minor	Decreased metabolism of Temazepam caused by Probenecid.	Inborn purine/pyrimidine/nucleotide metabolism error [5C55]	[70]
PF-06463922	DMKM7EW	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Temazepam caused by PF-06463922 mediated induction of UGT.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[65]
Allopregnanolone	DMNLHAC	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Allopregnanolone.	Mental/behavioural/neurodevelopmental disorder [6E20-6E8Z]	[71]
Lasmiditan	DMXLVDT	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Lasmiditan.	Migraine [8A80]	[72]
Flibanserin	DM70DTN	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Flibanserin.	Mood disorder [6A60-6E23]	[73]
Thalidomide	DM70BU5	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Thalidomide.	Multiple myeloma [2A83]	[74]
Droperidol	DM0DXA8	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Temazepam and Droperidol.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[75]
Promethazine	DM6I5GR	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Promethazine.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[65]
Metoclopramide	DMFA5MY	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Metoclopramide.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[65]
Teduglutide	DMYOAKS	Moderate	Altered absorption of Temazepam caused by Teduglutide.	Neonatal malabsorption syndrome [KB89]	[76]
Bupropion	DM5PCS7	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Temazepam when combined with Bupropion.	Nicotine use disorder [6C4A]	[77]
Levomethadyl Acetate	DM06HG5	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Levomethadyl Acetate.	Opioid use disorder [6C43]	[61]
Apraclonidine	DMO4PVE	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Apraclonidine.	Optic nerve disorder [9C40]	[67]
Pentazocine	DM1XBHS	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Pentazocine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[59]
Dextropropoxyphene	DM23HCX	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Dextropropoxyphene.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[78]
Butorphanol	DM5KYPJ	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Butorphanol.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[59]
Oxymorphone	DM65AGJ	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Oxymorphone.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[59]
Levorphanol	DMGS80V	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Levorphanol.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[59]
Hydromorphone	DMHP21E	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Hydromorphone.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[59]
Dezocine	DMJDB0Y	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Dezocine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[59]
Codeine	DMJX6ZG	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Codeine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[59]
Nalbuphine	DMOSQGU	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Nalbuphine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[59]
Buprenorphine	DMPRI8G	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Buprenorphine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[79]
Hydrocodone	DMQ2JO5	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Hydrocodone.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[59]
Meperidine	DMX4GND	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Meperidine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[59]
Oxycodone	DMXLKHV	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Oxycodone.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[59]
Fentanyl	DM8WAHT	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Fentanyl.	Sensation disturbance [MB40]	[59]
Tizanidine	DMR2IQ4	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Tizanidine.	Tonus and reflex abnormality [MB47]	[80]
Cetirizine	DMOMP9U	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Temazepam and Cetirizine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[81]
Amiodarone	DMUTEX3	Minor	Potentiate the pharmacologic effects by the combination of Temazepam and Amiodarone.	Ventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC71]	[82]
-----------


⏷ Show the Full List of 51 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG

DIG Name	DIG ID	PubChem CID	Functional Classification
Allura red AC dye	E00338	33258	Colorant
Benzyl alcohol	E00010	244	Antimicrobial preservative; Solvent
Butylparaben	E00142	7184	Antimicrobial preservative
D&C red no. 28	E00491	6097185	Colorant
Ethyl acetate	E00192	8857	Flavoring agent; Solvent
FD&C blue no. 1	E00263	19700	Colorant
FD&C blue no. 2	E00446	2723854	Colorant
Hydrazine yellow	E00409	164825	Colorant
Isopropyl alcohol	E00070	3776	Antimicrobial preservative; Solvent
methylparaben	E00149	7456	Antimicrobial preservative
Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate	E00141	7175	Antimicrobial preservative
Quinoline yellow WS	E00309	24671	Colorant
Sodium lauryl sulfate	E00464	3423265	Emulsifying agent; Modified-release agent; Penetration agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; lubricant
Sunset yellow FCF	E00255	17730	Colorant
Ammonia	E00007	222	Alkalizing agent
Beta-D-lactose	E00099	6134	Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Butyl alcohol	E00011	263	Flavoring agent; Solvent
Carmellose sodium	E00625	Not Available	Disintegrant
Edetate calcium disodium	E00487	6093170	Complexing agent
Edetate disodium	E00186	8759	Complexing agent
Eisenoxyd	E00585	56841934	Colorant
FD&C red no. 3	E00629	Not Available	Colorant
Ferrosoferric oxide	E00231	14789	Colorant
Lactose monohydrate	E00393	104938	Binding agent; Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Magnesium stearate	E00208	11177	lubricant
Potassium hydroxide	E00233	14797	Alkalizing agent
Propylene glycol	E00040	1030	Antimicrobial preservative; Humectant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent
Silicon dioxide	E00670	Not Available	Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Sodium propionate	E00445	2723816	Antimicrobial preservative
Titanium dioxide	E00322	26042	Coating agent; Colorant; Opacifying agent
--------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 30 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug

Pharmaceutical Formulation

Formulation Name	Drug Dosage	Dosage Form	Route
Temazepam 15 mg capsule	15 mg	Oral Capsule	Oral
Temazepam 22.5 mg capsule	22.5 mg	Oral Capsule	Oral
Temazepam 7.5 mg capsule	7.5 mg	Oral Capsule	Oral
Temazepam 30 mg capsule	30 mg	Oral Capsule	Oral

Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

1	URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7300).
2	FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2009. Application Number: (ANDA) 070919.
3	BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs
4	Critical Evaluation of Human Oral Bioavailability for Pharmaceutical Drugs by Using Various Cheminformatics Approaches
5	Ochs HR, Greenblatt DJ, Verburg-Ochs B, Matlis R: Temazepam clearance unaltered in cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1986 Jan;81(1):80-4.
6	Electronic Medicines Compendium: Temazepam 10mg Tablets Monograph
7	FDA approval: ado-trastuzumab emtansine for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Sep 1;20(17):4436-41.
8	Ovacik M, Lin K: Tutorial on Monoclonal Antibody Pharmacokinetics and Its Considerations in Early Development. Clin Transl Sci. 2018 Nov;11(6):540-552. doi: 10.1111/cts.12567. Epub 2018 Aug 7.
9	Estimating the safe starting dose in phase I clinical trials and no observed effect level based on QSAR modeling of the human maximum recommended daily dose
10	Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
11	Human liver microsomal diazepam metabolism using cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450s: role of CYP2B6, 2C19 and the 3A subfamily. Xenobiotica. 1996 Nov;26(11):1155-66.
12	Role of cDNA-expressed human cytochromes P450 in the metabolism of diazepam. Biochem Pharmacol. 1998 Mar 15;55(6):889-96.
13	Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
14	Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
15	Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
16	Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
17	Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
18	Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
19	Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
20	The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
21	Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
22	Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63.
23	Role of cytochrome P450 2C8 in drug metabolism and interactions. Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Jan;68(1):168-241.
24	Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
25	Differential expression and function of CYP2C isoforms in human intestine and liver. Pharmacogenetics. 2003 Sep;13(9):565-75.
26	Analysis of human cytochrome P450 2C8 substrate specificity using a substrate pharmacophore and site-directed mutants. Biochemistry. 2004 Dec 14;43(49):15379-92.
27	Interaction of sorafenib and cytochrome P450 isoenzymes in patients with advanced melanoma: a phase I/II pharmacokinetic interaction study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2011 Nov;68(5):1111-8.
28	PharmGKB summary: mycophenolic acid pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2014 Jan;24(1):73-9.
29	Possible involvement of multiple human cytochrome P450 isoforms in the liver metabolism of propofol. Br J Anaesth. 1998 Jun;80(6):788-95.
30	Progesterone and testosterone hydroxylation by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2C9, and 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1997 Oct 1;346(1):161-9.
31	Tamoxifen inhibits cytochrome P450 2C9 activity in breast cancer patients. J Chemother. 2006 Aug;18(4):421-4.
32	Characterization of the oxidative metabolites of 17beta-estradiol and estrone formed by 15 selectively expressed human cytochrome p450 isoforms. Endocrinology. 2003 Aug;144(8):3382-98.
33	Drug-drug interactions with imatinib: an observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Oct;95(40):e5076.
34	Drug interactions with calcium channel blockers: possible involvement of metabolite-intermediate complexation with CYP3A. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Feb;28(2):125-30.
35	New insights into the structural features and functional relevance of human cytochrome P450 2C9. Part I. Curr Drug Metab. 2009 Dec;10(10):1075-126.
36	A potential role for the estrogen-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes in human breast carcinogenesis. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Dec;82(3):191-7.
37	A mechanistic approach to antiepileptic drug interactions. Ann Pharmacother. 1998 May;32(5):554-63.
38	Effect of tamoxifen on the enzymatic activity of human cytochrome CYP2B6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Jun;301(3):945-52.
39	Hepatic metabolism of diclofenac: role of human CYP in the minor oxidative pathways. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Sep 1;58(5):787-96.
40	Insights into CYP2B6-mediated drug-drug interactions. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2016 Sep;6(5):413-425.
41	Drugs that may have potential CYP2B6 interactions.
42	Involvement of human cytochrome P450 2B6 in the omega- and 4-hydroxylation of the anesthetic agent propofol. Xenobiotica. 2007 Jul;37(7):717-24.
43	Nicotine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-butanone metabolism by cytochrome P450 2B6. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Dec;33(12):1760-4.
44	PharmGKB summary: phenytoin pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2012 Jun;22(6):466-70.
45	Application of the relative activity factor approach in scaling from heterologously expressed cytochromes p450 to human liver microsomes: studies on amitriptyline as a model substrate. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Apr;297(1):326-37.
46	High-dose rabeprazole/amoxicillin therapy as the second-line regimen after failure to eradicate H. pylori by triple therapy with the usual doses of a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and amoxicillin. Hepatogastroenterology. 2003 Nov-Dec;50(54):2274-8.
47	Cytochrome P450 pharmacogenetics and cancer. Oncogene. 2006 Mar 13;25(11):1679-91.
48	CYP2C19*17 is associated with decreased breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 May;115(2):391-6.
49	Cytochromes of the P450 2C subfamily are the major enzymes involved in the O-demethylation of verapamil in humans. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;353(1):116-21.
50	Diclofenac and its derivatives as tools for studying human cytochromes P450 active sites: particular efficiency and regioselectivity of P450 2Cs. Biochemistry. 1999 Oct 26;38(43):14264-70.
51	Organic anion-transporting polypeptide B (OATP-B) and its functional comparison with three other OATPs of human liver. Gastroenterology. 2001 Feb;120(2):525-33.
52	Translocator protein (18 kDa) mediates the pro-growth effects of diazepam on Ehrlich tumor cells in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol. 2010 Jan 25;626(2-3):131-8.
53	Comparison of five benzodiazepine-receptor agonists on buprenorphine-induced mu-opioid receptor regulation. J Pharmacol Sci. 2009 May;110(1):36-46.
54	Effects of the combination of metyrapone and oxazepam on cocaine and food self-administration in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2008 Nov;91(1):181-9.
55	URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 2879).
56	Effects of benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepine compounds on the GABA-induced response in frog isolated sensory neurones. Br J Pharmacol. 1989 Nov;98(3):735-40.
57	New hypnotics: perspectives from sleep physiology. Vertex. 2007 Jul-Aug;18(74):294-9.
58	Chun AH, Carrigan PJ, Hoffman DJ, Kershner RP, Stuart JD "Effect of antacids on absorption of clorazepate." Clin Pharmacol Ther 22 (1977): 329-35. [PMID: 19188]
59	US Food and Drug Administration "FDA warns about serious risks and death when combining opioid pain or cough medicines with benzodiazepines requires its strongest warning.".
60	Product Information. Alinia (nitazoxanide). Romark Laboratories L.C., Tampa, FL.
61	US Food and Drug Administration "FDA warns about serious risks and death when combining opioid pain or cough medicines with benzodiazepines requires its strongest warning.".
62	Warrington SJ, Ankier SI, Turner P "Evaluation of possible interactions between ethanol and trazodone or amitriptyline." Neuropsychobiology 15 (1986): 31-7. [PMID: 3725002]
63	Gill SS, Wright EM, Reilly CS "Pharmacokinetic interaction of propofol and fentanyl: single bolus injection study." Br J Anaesth 65 (1990): 760-5. [PMID: 2265045]
64	Divoll M, Greenblatt DJ, Lacasse Y, Shader RI "Benzodiazepine overdosage: plasma concentrations and clinical outcome." Psychopharmacology (Berl) 73 (1981): 381-3. [PMID: 6789361]
65	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
66	Backman JT, Olkkola KT, Ojala M, Laaksovirta H, Neuvonen PJ "Concentrations and effects of oral midazolam are greatly reduced in patients treated with carbamazepine or phenytoin." Epilepsia 37 (1996): 253-7. [PMID: 8598183]
67	Product Information. Alphagan (brimonidine ophthalmic). Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA.
68	Castillo-Ferrando JR, Garcia M, Carmona J "Digoxin levels and diazepam." Lancet 2 (1980): 368. [PMID: 6105500]
69	Andrews C, Pinner G "Postural hypotension induced by paroxetine." BMJ 316 (1998): 595. [PMID: 9518913]
70	Abernethy DR, Greenblatt DJ, Ameer B, Shader RI "Probenecid impairment of acetaminophen and lorazepam clearance: direct inhibition of ether glucuronide formation." J Pharmacol Exp Ther 234 (1985): 345-9. [PMID: 4020675]
71	Product Information. Zulresso (brexanolone). Sage Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA.
72	Product Information. Reyvow (lasmiditan). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
73	Product Information. Addyi (flibanserin). Sprout Pharmaceuticals, Raleigh, NC.
74	Product Information. Thalomid (thalidomide). Celgene Corporation, Warren, NJ.
75	Canadian Pharmacists Association.
76	Product Information. Gattex (teduglutide). NPS Pharmaceuticals, Bedminster, NJ.
77	Gilman AG, Rall TW, Nies AS, Taylor P, eds. "Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 8th ed." New York, NY: Pergamon Press Inc. (1990):.
78	Hansen BS, Dam M, Brandt J, et al "Influence of dextropropoxyphene on steady state serum levels and protein binding of three anti-epileptic drugs in man." Acta Neurol Scand 61 (1980): 357-67. [PMID: 6998251]
79	Sekar M, Mimpriss TJ "Buprenorphine, benzodiazepines and prolonged respiratory depression." Anaesthesia 42 (1987): 567-8. [PMID: 3592200]
80	Product Information. Zanaflex (tizanidine). Acorda Therapeutics, Hawthorne, NY.
81	Product Information. Zyrtec (cetirizine). Pfizer US Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
82	Kerin NZ, Aragon E, Faitel K, Frumin H, Rubenfire M "Long-term efficacy and toxicity of high- and low-dose amiodarone regimens." J Clin Pharmacol 29 (1989): 418-23. [PMID: 2661600]