Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMKA8J4)

• Drug Name: Etonogestrel
• Synonyms: Etonogestrelum; Implanon; Implanon (TN); NuvaRing (TN); Etonogestrel (USAN/INN); (8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-13-ethyl-17-ethynyl-17-hydroxy-11-methylidene-2,6,7,8,9,10,12,14,15,16-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one; 17alpha-ethynyl-17beta-hydroxy-11-methylidene-18a-homo-estr-4-en-3-one; 3-Ketodesogestrel; 3-Oxodesogestrel

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Contraception	QA21	Approved	[1]

• Therapeutic Class: Contraceptive Agents
• Drug Type: Small molecular drug
• #Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0:
  Molecular Weight (mw); 324.5
  Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp); 3.3
  Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds); 2
  Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor); 1
  Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc); 2
• ADMET Property:
  BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 1: high solubility and high permeability [2]
  Bioavailability: 76% of drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s) [3]
  Clearance: The clearance of drug is 7.5 L/h [4]
  Elimination: 0.1% of drug is excreted from urine in the unchanged form [2]
  Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 25 hours [5]
  Metabolism: The drug is metabolized via the liver [5]
  MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 0.00805 micromolar/kg/day [6]
  Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.02% [7]
  Vd: The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 201 L [4]
  Water Solubility: The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 0.51 mg/mL [2]
• Chemical Identifiers:
  Formula: C22H28O2
  IUPAC Name: (8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-13-ethyl-17-ethynyl-17-hydroxy-11-methylidene-2,6,7,8,9,10,12,14,15,16-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
  Canonical SMILES: CC[C@]12CC(=C)[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@H]1CC[C@]2(C#C)O)CCC4=CC(=O)CC[C@H]34
  InChI: InChI=1S/C22H28O2/c1-4-21-13-14(3)20-17-9-7-16(23)12-15(17)6-8-18(20)19(21)10-11-22(21,24)5-2/h2,12,17-20,24H,3-4,6-11,13H2,1H3/t17-,18-,19-,20+,21-,22-/m0/s1
  InChIKey: GCKFUYQCUCGESZ-BPIQYHPVSA-N
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 6917715
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:50777
  CAS Number: 54048-10-1
  DrugBank ID: DB00294
  TTD ID: D02KIU
  INTEDE ID: DR0667

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Progesterone receptor (PGR)	TTUV8G9	PRGR_HUMAN	Binder	[8]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) Main DME	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Substrate	[9]

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

• The Studied Disease: Contraception
• ICD Disease Classification: QA21

Molecule Name	Molecule Type	Gene Name	p-value	Fold-Change	Z-score
Progesterone receptor (PGR)	DTT	PGR	3.26E-38	-3.79	-2.5
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DME	CYP3A4	2.20E-02	-1.08E-01	-2.31E-01

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Etonogestrel (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Metreleptin	DM1NOEK	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Metreleptin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Acute diabete complication [5A2Y]	[10]
Pioglitazone	DMKJ485	Minor	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Pioglitazone mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Acute diabete complication [5A2Y]	[11]
Ivosidenib	DM8S6T7	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Ivosidenib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60]	[12]
Arn-509	DMT81LZ	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Arn-509 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60]	[13]
Emapalumab	DMZG5WL	Moderate	Altered metabolism of Etonogestrel due to Emapalumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes.	Adaptive immunity immunodeficiency [4A01]	[14]
Mitotane	DMU1GX0	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Mitotane mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Adrenal cancer [2D11]	[13]
Siltuximab	DMGEATB	Moderate	Altered metabolism of Etonogestrel due to Siltuximab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes.	Anemia [3A00-3A9Z]	[14]
Dronedarone	DMA8FS5	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Dronedarone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Angina pectoris [BA40]	[15]
Methylphenobarbital	DMDSWAG	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Methylphenobarbital mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Anxiety disorder [6B00-6B0Z]	[16]
Clobazam - Lundbeck	DMW1OQ0	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Clobazam - Lundbeck mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Anxiety disorder [6B00-6B0Z]	[17]
Voriconazole	DMAOL2S	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Voriconazole mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Aspergillosis [1F20]	[18]
Posaconazole	DMUL5EW	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Posaconazole mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Aspergillosis [1F20]	[18]
Aminophylline	DML2NIB	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Aminophylline.	Asthma [CA23]	[19]
Clarithromycin	DM4M1SG	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Clarithromycin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[20]
Telithromycin	DMZ4P3A	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Telithromycin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[21]
Ag-221	DMS0ZBI	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Ag-221 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	BCR-ABL1-negative chronic myeloid leukaemia [2A41]	[22]
Pexidartinib	DMS2J0Z	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Pexidartinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Bone/articular cartilage neoplasm [2F7B]	[23]
Lapatinib	DM3BH1Y	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Lapatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[24]
Tucatinib	DMBESUA	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Tucatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[25]
Atorvastatin	DMF28YC	Minor	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Atorvastatin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Cardiovascular disease [BA00-BE2Z]	[26]
Secobarbital	DM14RF5	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Secobarbital mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Chronic insomnia [7A00]	[13]
Phenylbutazone	DMAYL0T	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Phenylbutazone mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Chronic pain [MG30]	[17]
Oxtriphylline	DMLHSE3	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Oxtriphylline.	Cough [MD12]	[19]
Aminoglutethimide	DMWFHMZ	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Aminoglutethimide mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Cushing syndrome [5A70]	[13]
Lumacaftor	DMCLWDJ	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Lumacaftor mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Cystic fibrosis [CA25]	[14]
Ivacaftor	DMZC1HS	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Ivacaftor mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Cystic fibrosis [CA25]	[27]
MK-8228	DMOB58Q	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by MK-8228 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Cytomegaloviral disease [1D82]	[20]
Aprepitant	DM053KT	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Aprepitant mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[17]
Nefazodone	DM4ZS8M	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Nefazodone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[28]
Griseofulvin	DMK54YG	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Griseofulvin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Dermatophytosis [1F28]	[29]
Primidone	DM0WX6I	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Primidone mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[13]
Felbamate	DM1V5ZS	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Felbamate mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[13]
Oxcarbazepine	DM5PU6O	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Oxcarbazepine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[13]
Cenobamate	DM8KLU9	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Cenobamate mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[13]
Stiripentol	DMMSDOY	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Stiripentol mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[30]
Fosphenytoin	DMOX3LB	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Fosphenytoin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[13]
Brivaracetam	DMSEPK8	Minor	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Brivaracetam mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[14]
Rufinamide	DMWE60C	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Rufinamide mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[20]
Phenobarbital	DMXZOCG	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Phenobarbital mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[13]
Carbamazepine	DMZOLBI	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Carbamazepine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[13]
Eslicarbazepine	DMZREFQ	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Eslicarbazepine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[13]
Tazemetostat	DMWP1BH	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Tazemetostat mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Follicular lymphoma [2A80]	[31]
Itraconazole	DMCR1MV	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Itraconazole mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Fungal infection [1F29-1F2F]	[18]
Miconazole	DMPMYE8	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Miconazole mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Fungal infection [1F29-1F2F]	[18]
Ketoconazole	DMPZI3Q	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Ketoconazole mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Fungal infection [1F29-1F2F]	[18]
Sulfinpyrazone	DMEV954	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Sulfinpyrazone mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Gout [FA25]	[13]
Boceprevir	DMBSHMF	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Boceprevir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51]	[17]
Telaprevir	DMMRV29	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Telaprevir mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51]	[17]
Rifampin	DMA8J1G	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Rifampin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis [1B10-1B14]	[32]
Rifapentine	DMCHV4I	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Rifapentine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis [1B10-1B14]	[33]
Efavirenz	DMC0GSJ	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Efavirenz mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[14]
Saquinavir	DMG814N	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Saquinavir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[34]
Darunavir	DMN3GCH	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Darunavir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[35]
Atazanavir	DMSYRBX	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Atazanavir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[36]
Conivaptan	DM1V329	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Conivaptan mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Hypo-osmolality/hyponatraemia [5C72]	[37]
Lesinurad	DMUR64T	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Lesinurad mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Inborn purine/pyrimidine/nucleotide metabolism error [5C55]	[38]
Berotralstat	DMWA2DZ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Berotralstat mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Innate/adaptive immunodeficiency [4A00]	[39]
Amobarbital	DM0GQ8N	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Amobarbital mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z]	[13]
Pentobarbital	DMFNH7L	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Pentobarbital mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z]	[13]
Linaclotide	DM4EGV0	Moderate	Altered absorption of Etonogestrel caused by Linaclotide.	Irritable bowel syndrome [DD91]	[14]
Glycerol phenylbutyrate	DMDGRQO	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Glycerol phenylbutyrate mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Liver disease [DB90-DB9Z]	[14]
Brigatinib	DM7W94S	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Brigatinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[40]
PF-06463922	DMKM7EW	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by PF-06463922 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[13]
Selpercatinib	DMZR15V	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Selpercatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[14]
Artemether	DM48QOT	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Artemether mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Malaria [1F40-1F45]	[41]
IPI-145	DMWA24P	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by IPI-145 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82]	[42]
Vemurafenib	DM62UG5	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Vemurafenib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Melanoma [2C30]	[13]
LGX818	DMNQXV8	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by LGX818 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Melanoma [2C30]	[43]
Dabrafenib	DMX6OE3	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Dabrafenib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Melanoma [2C30]	[17]
Exjade	DMHPRWG	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Exjade mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Mineral absorption/transport disorder [5C64]	[44]
Carfilzomib	DM48K0X	Major	Additive thrombogenic effects by the combination of Etonogestrel and Carfilzomib.	Multiple myeloma [2A83]	[14]
Rifabutin	DM1YBHK	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Rifabutin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Mycobacterium infection [1B10-1B21]	[33]
Bexarotene	DMOBIKY	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Bexarotene mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Mycosis fungoides [2B01]	[17]
Fedratinib	DM4ZBK6	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Fedratinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[14]
Nilotinib	DM7HXWT	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Nilotinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[45]
Dasatinib	DMJV2EK	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Dasatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[46]
Modafinil	DMYILBE	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Modafinil mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Narcolepsy [7A20]	[20]
E-2007	DMJDYNQ	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by E-2007 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Neuropathy [8C0Z]	[20]
Olaparib	DM8QB1D	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Olaparib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Ovarian cancer [2C73]	[14]
Rucaparib	DM9PVX8	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Rucaparib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Ovarian cancer [2C73]	[47]
Abametapir	DM2RX0I	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Abametapir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Pediculosis [1G00]	[48]
Lefamulin	DME6G97	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Lefamulin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Pneumonia [CA40]	[49]
Lonafarnib	DMGM2Z6	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Lonafarnib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Premature ageing appearance [LD2B]	[50]
Enzalutamide	DMGL19D	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Enzalutamide mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Prostate cancer [2C82]	[13]
Ustekinumab	DMHTYK3	Moderate	Altered metabolism of Etonogestrel due to Ustekinumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes.	Psoriasis [EA90]	[14]
Ixekizumab	DMXW92T	Moderate	Altered metabolism of Etonogestrel due to Ixekizumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes.	Psoriasis [EA90]	[14]
Bosentan	DMIOGBU	Major	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Bosentan mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Pulmonary hypertension [BB01]	[17]
Temsirolimus	DMS104F	Moderate	Increased plasma concentrations of Etonogestrel and Temsirolimus due to competitive inhibition of the same metabolic pathway.	Renal cell carcinoma [2C90]	[51]
Tocilizumab	DM7J6OR	Moderate	Altered metabolism of Etonogestrel due to Tocilizumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[14]
Canakinumab	DM8HLO5	Moderate	Altered metabolism of Etonogestrel due to Canakinumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[14]
Rilonacept	DMGLUQS	Moderate	Altered metabolism of Etonogestrel due to Rilonacept alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[14]
Golimumab	DMHZV7X	Moderate	Altered metabolism of Etonogestrel due to Golimumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[14]
Nafcillin	DMN9RPO	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Nafcillin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[13]
Sarilumab	DMOGNXY	Moderate	Altered metabolism of Etonogestrel due to Sarilumab alters the formation of CYP450 enzymes.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[14]
Voxelotor	DMCS6M5	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Voxelotor mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Sickle-cell disorder [3A51]	[52]
Telotristat ethyl	DMDIYFZ	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Telotristat ethyl mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Small intestine developmental anomaly [DA90]	[14]
Larotrectinib	DM26CQR	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Larotrectinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[20]
Armodafinil	DMGB035	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Armodafinil mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[20]
Pitolisant	DM8RFNJ	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Pitolisant mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Somnolence [MG42]	[14]
Fostamatinib	DM6AUHV	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Fostamatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Thrombocytopenia [3B64]	[53]
Sirolimus	DMGW1ID	Moderate	Increased plasma concentrations of Etonogestrel and Sirolimus due to competitive inhibition of the same metabolic pathway.	Transplant rejection [NE84]	[51]
Tacrolimus	DMZ7XNQ	Moderate	Increased plasma concentrations of Etonogestrel and Tacrolimus due to competitive inhibition of the same metabolic pathway.	Transplant rejection [NE84]	[51]
Elagolix	DMB2C0E	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Etonogestrel caused by Elagolix mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Uterine fibroid [2E86]	[13]

References

• [1] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7590).
• [2] BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs
• [3] Critical Evaluation of Human Oral Bioavailability for Pharmaceutical Drugs by Using Various Cheminformatics Approaches
• [4] Wenzl R, van Beek A, Schnabel P, Huber J: Pharmacokinetics of etonogestrel released from the contraceptive implant Implanon. Contraception. 1998 Nov;58(5):283-8.
• [5] PMC
• [6] Estimating the safe starting dose in phase I clinical trials and no observed effect level based on QSAR modeling of the human maximum recommended daily dose
• [7] Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
• [8] Pharmacological profile of progestins. Maturitas. 2008 Sep-Oct;61(1-2):151-7.
• [9] The role of CYP2C and CYP3A in the disposition of 3-keto-desogestrel after administration of desogestrel. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005 Jul;60(1):69-75.
• [10] Product Information. Myalept (metreleptin). Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
• [11] Glazer NB, Cheatham WW "Thiazolidinediones for type 2 diabetes - No evidence exists that pioglitazone induces hepatic cytochrome P450 isoform CYP3A4." Br Med J 322 (2001): 235-6. [PMID: 11159615]
• [12] Product Information. Tibsovo (ivosidenib). Agios Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
• [13] Baciewicz AM "Oral contraceptive drug interactions." Ther Drug Monit 7 (1985): 26-35. [PMID: 2859674]
• [14] Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
• [15] Product Information. Multaq (dronedarone). sanofi-aventis , Bridgewater, NJ.
• [16] Back DJ, Breckenridge AM, Crawford FE, MacIver M, Orne ML, Rowe PH "Interindividual variation and drug interactions with hormonal steroid contraceptives." Drugs 21 (1981): 46-61. [PMID: 7009137]
• [17] Faculty of Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare "FSRH Clinical Guidance: Drug Interactions with Hormonal Contraception.".
• [18] Devenport MH, Crook D, Wynn V, Lees LJ "Metabolic effects of low-dose fluconazole in healthy female users and non-users of oral contraceptives." Br J Clin Pharmacol 27 (1989): 851-9. [PMID: 2547410]
• [19] Gardner MJ, Tornatore KM, Jusko WJ, Kanarkowski R "Effects of tobacco smoking and oral contraceptive use on theophylline disposition." Br J Clin Pharmacol 16 (1983): 271-80. [PMID: 6626419]
• [20] Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
• [21] Product Information. Ketek (telithromycin). Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ.
• [22] Product Information. Idhifa (enasidenib). Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
• [23] Product Information. Turalio (pexidartinib). Daiichi Sankyo, Inc., Parsippany, NJ.
• [24] Product Information. Tykerb (lapatinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
• [25] Product Information. Tukysa (tucatinib). Seattle Genetics Inc, Bothell, WA.
• [26] Product Information. Lipitor (atorvastatin). Parke-Davis, Morris Plains, NJ.
• [27] Product Information. Kalydeco (ivacaftor). Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
• [28] Product Information. Serzone (nefazodone). Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
• [29] Back DJ, Grimmer SF, Orme ML, Proudlove D, Mann RD, Breckenridge AM "Evaluation of Committee on Safety of Medicines yellow card reports on oral contraceptive-drug interactions with anticonvulsants and antibiotics." Br J Clin Pharmacol 25 (1988): 527-32. [PMID: 3408633]
• [30] EMEA. European Medicines Agency "EPARs. European Union Public Assessment Reports.".
• [31] Product Information. Tazverik (tazemetostat). Epizyme, Inc, Cambridge, MA.
• [32] Back DJ, Breckenridge AM, Crawford F, et al. "The effect of rifampicin on norethisterone pharmacokinetics." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 15 (1979): 193-7. [PMID: 37091]
• [33] Archer JS, Archer DF "Oral contraceptive efficacy and antibiotic interaction: A myth debunked." J Am Acad Dermatol 46 (2002): 917-23. [PMID: 12063491]
• [34] Product Information. Fortovase (saquinavir) Roche Laboratories, Nutley, NJ.
• [35] Product Information. Prezista (darunavir). Ortho Biotech Inc, Bridgewater, NJ.
• [36] Product Information. Reyataz (atazanavir). Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
• [37] Product Information. Vaprisol (conivaptan). Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc, Nashville, TN.
• [38] Product Information. Zurampic (lesinurad). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
• [39] Product Information. Orladeyo (berotralstat). BioCryst Pharmaceuticals Inc, Durham, NC.
• [40] Product Information. Alunbrig (brigatinib). Ariad Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA.
• [41] Faculty of Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare "FSRH Clinical Guidance: Drug Interactions with Hormonal Contraception.".
• [42] Product Information. Copiktra (duvelisib). Verastem, Inc., Needham, MA.
• [43] Product Information. Braftovi (encorafenib). Array BioPharma Inc., Boulder, CO.
• [44] Product Information. Desferal (deferoxamine). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
• [45] Product Information. Tasigna (nilotinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
• [46] Product Information. Sprycel (dasatinib). Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
• [47] EMA. European Medicines Agency. European Union "EMA - List of medicines under additional monitoring.".
• [48] Product Information. Xeglyze (abametapir topical). Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Inc, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
• [49] Product Information. Xenleta (lefamulin). Nabriva Therapeutics US, Inc., King of Prussia, PA.
• [50] Product Information. Zokinvy (lonafarnib). Eiger BioPharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA.
• [51] Product Information. Prograf (tacrolimus). Fujisawa, Deerfield, IL.
• [52] Product Information. Oxbryta (voxelotor). Global Blood Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, CA.
• [53] Product Information. Tavalisse (fostamatinib). Rigel Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA.