Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMOLNHF)

Drug Name

Melphalan

Synonyms

Alkeran; Levofalan; Levofolan; Levopholan; Melfalan; Melfalano; Melphalanum; Alanine Nitrogen Mustard; Phenylalanine mustard; Phenylalanine nitrogen mu stard; Phenylalanine nitrogen mustard; AY3360000; CB 3025; ALKERAN (TN); Alkeran (TN); At-290; CB-3025; L-PAM; L-Phenylalanine mustard; L-Sarcolysin; L-Sarcolysine; L-Sarkolysin; Melfalano [INN-Spanish]; Melphalanum [INN-Latin]; SK-15673; TRANSGENIC MODEL EVALUATION (MELPHALAN); MELPHALAN (SEE ALSO TRANSGENIC MODEL EVALUATION (MELPHALAN)); P-L-Sarcolysin; P-L-sarcolysine; TRANSGENIC LEP (MELPHALAN) (SEE ALSO MELPHALAN); Melphalan (JP15/USP/INN); Melphalan [USAN:INN:BAN:JAN]; P-Bis(beta-chloroethyl)aminophenylalanine; P-N-Di(chloroethyl)aminophenylalanine; P-N-di(chloroethyl)aminophenylala nine; P-Di-(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine; P-N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine; L-3-(p-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)alanine; L-3-(para-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)alanine; P-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine; (2S)-2-amino-3-[4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]propanoic acid; (2s)-2-amino-3-(4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl)propanoic acid; 3-(p-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-L-alanine; 3-(p-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)alanine; 3-p-(Di(2-chloroethyl)amino)-phenyl-L-alanine; 4-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-L-phenylalanine; 4-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-L-phenylalanine; 4-[Bis-(2-chloroethyl)amino]-L-phenylalanine

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Multiple myeloma	2A83	Approved	[1], [2]
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma	2C12.10	Phase 3	[3]

Therapeutic Class

Anticancer Agents

Drug Type

Small molecular drug

Structure

3D MOL

2D MOL

#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0

Molecular Weight (mw)

305.2

Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp)

-0.5

Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds)

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor)

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc)

ADMET Property

BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 1: high solubility and high permeability [4]
Bioavailability: 71% of drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s) [5]
Clearance: The drug present in the plasma can be removed from the body at the rate of 7 mL/min/kg [6]
Elimination: 12% of drug is excreted from urine in the unchanged form [4]
Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 1 hour [6]
MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 0.32765 micromolar/kg/day [7]
Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.14% [6]
Vd: Fluid volume that would be required to contain the amount of drug present in the body at the same concentration as in the plasma 0.48 L/kg [6]
Water Solubility: The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 0.1 mg/mL [4]

Chemical Identifiers

Formula: C13H18Cl2N2O2
IUPAC Name: (2S)-2-amino-3-[4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]propanoic acid
Canonical SMILES: C1=CC(=CC=C1C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N)N(CCCl)CCCl
InChI: InChI=1S/C13H18Cl2N2O2/c14-5-7-17(8-6-15)11-3-1-10(2-4-11)9-12(16)13(18)19/h1-4,12H,5-9,16H2,(H,18,19)/t12-/m0/s1
InChIKey: SGDBTWWWUNNDEQ-LBPRGKRZSA-N

Cross-matching ID

PubChem CID: 460612
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:28876
CAS Number: 148-82-3
DrugBank ID: DB01042
TTD ID: D00FGO
VARIDT ID: DR00379
INTEDE ID: DR1021
ACDINA ID: D00394

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Human Deoxyribonucleic acid (hDNA)	TTUTN1I	NOUNIPROTAC	Modulator	[8]

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Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[9]

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Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Glutathione S-transferase alpha-1 (GSTA1)_{Main DME}	DE4ZHS1	GSTA1_HUMAN	Substrate	[10]

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Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

MIA Detail

Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Melphalan (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Roflumilast	DMPGHY8	Moderate	Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Roflumilast.	Asthma [CA23]	[38]
Ofloxacin	DM0VQN3	Minor	Decreased absorption of Melphalan due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Ofloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[39]
Sparfloxacin	DMB4HCT	Minor	Decreased absorption of Melphalan due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Sparfloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[39]
Gemifloxacin	DMHT34O	Minor	Decreased absorption of Melphalan due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Gemifloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[39]
Norfloxacin	DMIZ6W2	Minor	Decreased absorption of Melphalan due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Norfloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[39]
ABT-492	DMJFD2I	Minor	Decreased absorption of Melphalan due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by ABT-492.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[39]
Levofloxacin	DMS60RB	Minor	Decreased absorption of Melphalan due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Levofloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[39]
Teriflunomide	DMQ2FKJ	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Teriflunomide.	Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [5C80]	[40]
Givosiran	DM5PFIJ	Moderate	Increased risk of nephrotoxicity by the combination of Melphalan and Givosiran.	Inborn porphyrin/heme metabolism error [5C58]	[41]
Denosumab	DMNI0KO	Moderate	Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Denosumab.	Low bone mass disorder [FB83]	[42]
Tecfidera	DM2OVDT	Moderate	Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Tecfidera.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[43]
Siponimod	DM2R86O	Major	Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Siponimod.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[41]
Fingolimod	DM5JVAN	Major	Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Fingolimod.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[44]
Ocrelizumab	DMEZ2KH	Moderate	Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Ocrelizumab.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[45]
Ozanimod	DMT6AM2	Major	Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Ozanimod.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[38]
Omacetaxine mepesuccinate	DMPU2WX	Moderate	Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Omacetaxine mepesuccinate.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[46]
Gatifloxacin	DMSL679	Minor	Decreased absorption of Melphalan due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Gatifloxacin.	Respiratory infection [CA07-CA4Z]	[39]
Canakinumab	DM8HLO5	Moderate	Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Canakinumab.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[47]
Golimumab	DMHZV7X	Major	Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Golimumab.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[48]
Leflunomide	DMR8ONJ	Major	Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Leflunomide.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[40]
Anthrax vaccine	DM9GSWY	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Melphalan when combined with Anthrax vaccine.	Sepsis [1G40-1G41]	[49]
Plazomicin	DMKMBES	Moderate	Increased risk of nephrotoxicity by the combination of Melphalan and Plazomicin.	Urinary tract infection [GC08]	[41]
Valganciclovir	DMS2IUH	Moderate	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Melphalan and Valganciclovir.	Virus infection [1A24-1D9Z]	[41]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 23 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG

DIG Name	DIG ID	PubChem CID	Functional Classification
Crospovidone	E00626	Not Available	Disintegrant
Magnesium stearate	E00208	11177	lubricant
Polyethylene glycol 400	E00653	Not Available	Coating agent; Diluent; Ointment base; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; lubricant
Silicon dioxide	E00670	Not Available	Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Titanium dioxide	E00322	26042	Coating agent; Colorant; Opacifying agent
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Pharmaceutical Formulation

Formulation Name	Drug Dosage	Dosage Form	Route
Melphalan 2 mg tablet	2 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral

Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

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