Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMPGHY8)

Drug Name
Roflumilast
Synonyms
162401-32-3; DAXAS; Daliresp; 3-(CYCLOPROPYLMETHOXY)-N-(3,5-DICHLOROPYRIDIN-4-YL)-4-(DIFLUOROMETHOXY)BENZAMIDE; BY217; BYK20869; UNII-0P6C6ZOP5U; BY-217; Roflumilast (Daxas); B9302-107; 0P6C6ZOP5U; 3-(Cyclopropylmethoxy)-N-(3,5-dichloro-4-pyridinyl)-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzamide; Benzamide, 3-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-N-(3,5-dichloro-4-pyridinyl)-4-(difluoromethoxy)-; CHEMBL193240; CHEBI:47657; BYK-20869; ROF; Libertek; AK110425; 3-Cyclopropylmethoxy-N-(3,5-dichloropyridin-4-yl)-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzamide; DAXAS; Roflumilast [USAN]; APTA-2217; Roflumilast (JAN/USAN/INN); 3-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-difluoromethoxy-N-(3,5-di-chloropyrid-4-yl)benzamide; Alogliptin/roflumilast
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Asthma CA23 Approved [1]
Type-2 diabetes 5A11 Phase 1 [2]
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Withdrawn from market [1]
Atopic dermatitis EA80 Discontinued in Phase 2 [1]
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0 Molecular Weight (mw) 403.2
Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp) 4.6
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 6
ADMET Property
Absorption Tmax
The time to maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) is 0.5-2 h []
Bioavailability
The bioavailability of drug is 80% []
Clearance
The clearance of drug is 9.6 L/h []
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 17 hours [3]
Metabolism
The drug is metabolized via the CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 []
Unbound Fraction
The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.01% [3]
Vd
The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 2.9 L/kg []
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C17H14Cl2F2N2O3
IUPAC Name
3-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-N-(3,5-dichloropyridin-4-yl)-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzamide
Canonical SMILES
C1CC1COC2=C(C=CC(=C2)C(=O)NC3=C(C=NC=C3Cl)Cl)OC(F)F
InChI
InChI=1S/C17H14Cl2F2N2O3/c18-11-6-22-7-12(19)15(11)23-16(24)10-3-4-13(26-17(20)21)14(5-10)25-8-9-1-2-9/h3-7,9,17H,1-2,8H2,(H,22,23,24)
InChIKey
MNDBXUUTURYVHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
449193
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:47657
CAS Number
162401-32-3
DrugBank ID
DB01656
TTD ID
D0R4UW
INTEDE ID
DR1434
ACDINA ID
D00604
Combinatorial Drugs (CBD) Click to Jump to the Detailed CBD Information of This Drug
Repurposed Drugs (RPD) Click to Jump to the Detailed RPD Information of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) TTV5CGO NOUNIPROTAC Modulator [4]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
Main DME 		DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)
Main DME 		DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Substrate [5]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase 4A (PDE4A) OTMUUZLF PDE4A_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [6]
3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) OTOA8WU2 PDE4B_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [6]
3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase 4C (PDE4C) OTI8VMHZ PDE4C_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [6]
3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) OT1RWFV0 PDE4D_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [6]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX) OTAW0V4V BAX_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [7]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [7]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [7]
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) OTKUW1WT PDE3A_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [6]
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) OT1GI1TE PDE3B_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [6]
Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) OTC1W6UX HMOX1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [7]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Roflumilast (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Midostaurin DMI6E0R Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Midostaurin. Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60] [8]
Arn-509 DMT81LZ Moderate Increased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Arn-509 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60] [9]
Siltuximab DMGEATB Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Siltuximab. Anemia [3A00-3A9Z] [8]
Dupilumab DMOAD2Y Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Dupilumab. Atopic eczema [EA80] [8]
Obeticholic acid DM3Q1SM Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Obeticholic acid mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Autoimmune liver disease [DB96] [8]
Pexidartinib DMS2J0Z Moderate Increased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Pexidartinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Bone/articular cartilage neoplasm [2F7B] [10]
Eribulin DM1DX4Q Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Eribulin. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [8]
Talazoparib DM1KS78 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Talazoparib. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [8]
Ixabepilone DM2OZ3G Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Ixabepilone. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [8]
LY2835219 DM93VBZ Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and LY2835219. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [8]
Pralatrexate DMAO80I Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Pralatrexate. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [8]
Tucatinib DMBESUA Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Tucatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [11]
Thiotepa DMIZKOP Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Thiotepa. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [8]
Cabazitaxel DMPAZHC Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Cabazitaxel. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [8]
Bosutinib DMTI8YE Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Bosutinib. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [8]
Aflibercept DMT3D5I Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Aflibercept. Colorectal cancer [2B91] [8]
Osilodrostat DMIJC9X Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Osilodrostat mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Cushing syndrome [5A70] [8]
Lumacaftor DMCLWDJ Moderate Increased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Lumacaftor mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Cystic fibrosis [CA25] [9]
Polatuzumab vedotin DMF6Y0L Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Polatuzumab vedotin. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma [2A81] [8]
Lisocabtagene maraleucel DMP45ME Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Lisocabtagene maraleucel. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma [2A81] [8]
Axicabtagene ciloleucel DMYHN59 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Axicabtagene ciloleucel. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma [2A81] [8]
Cenobamate DM8KLU9 Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Cenobamate mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [12]
Bay 80-6946 DMLOS5R Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Bay 80-6946. Follicular lymphoma [2A80] [8]
Avapritinib DMK2GZX Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Avapritinib. Gastrointestinal stromal tumour [2B5B] [8]
177Lu-DOTATATE DMT8GVU Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and 177Lu-DOTATATE. Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51] [8]
Brentuximab vedotin DMWLC57 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Brentuximab vedotin. Hodgkin lymphoma [2B30] [8]
Teriflunomide DMQ2FKJ Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Teriflunomide. Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [5C80] [8]
Givosiran DM5PFIJ Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Givosiran mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Inborn porphyrin/heme metabolism error [5C58] [8]
Berotralstat DMWA2DZ Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Berotralstat mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Innate/adaptive immunodeficiency [4A00] [13]
Olaratumab DMNYOIX Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Olaratumab. Kaposi sarcoma [2B57] [8]
Brigatinib DM7W94S Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Brigatinib. Lung cancer [2C25] [8]
Lurbinectedin DMEFRTZ Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Lurbinectedin. Lung cancer [2C25] [8]
PF-06463922 DMKM7EW Moderate Increased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by PF-06463922 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [14]
Osimertinib DMRJLAT Moderate Increased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Osimertinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [15]
Capmatinib DMYCXKL Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Capmatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [8]
Belimumab DM3OBQF Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Belimumab. Lupus erythematosus [4A40] [8]
Inotuzumab ozogamicin DMAC130 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Inotuzumab ozogamicin. Malignant haematopoietic neoplasm [2B33] [8]
Ofatumumab DM295PR Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Ofatumumab. Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82] [8]
Obinutuzumab DM3BVAE Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Obinutuzumab. Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82] [8]
GDC-0199 DMH0QKA Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and GDC-0199. Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82] [8]
IPI-145 DMWA24P Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and IPI-145. Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82] [8]
Acalabrutinib DM7GCVW Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Acalabrutinib. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [8]
Blinatumomab DMGECIJ Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Blinatumomab. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [8]
Ibrutinib DMHZCPO Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Ibrutinib. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [8]
Tisagenlecleucel DMM9BJD Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Tisagenlecleucel. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [8]
Ponatinib DMYGJQO Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Ponatinib. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [8]
Vemurafenib DM62UG5 Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Vemurafenib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Melanoma [2C30] [8]
Dabrafenib DMX6OE3 Moderate Increased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Dabrafenib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Melanoma [2C30] [8]
Carfilzomib DM48K0X Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Carfilzomib. Multiple myeloma [2A83] [8]
Panobinostat DM58WKG Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Panobinostat. Multiple myeloma [2A83] [8]
Selinexor DMBD4K3 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Selinexor. Multiple myeloma [2A83] [8]
Belantamab mafodotin DMBT3AI Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Belantamab mafodotin. Multiple myeloma [2A83] [8]
Elotuzumab DMEYHG9 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Elotuzumab. Multiple myeloma [2A83] [8]
Daratumumab DMKCIUZ Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Daratumumab. Multiple myeloma [2A83] [8]
Tecfidera DM2OVDT Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Tecfidera. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [8]
Siponimod DM2R86O Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Siponimod. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [8]
Fingolimod DM5JVAN Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Fingolimod. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [8]
Ocrelizumab DMEZ2KH Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Ocrelizumab. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [8]
Deflazacort DMV0RNS Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Deflazacort. Muscular dystrophy [8C70] [8]
Romidepsin DMT5GNL Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Romidepsin. Mycosis fungoides [2B01] [8]
Fedratinib DM4ZBK6 Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Fedratinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20] [8]
Nilotinib DM7HXWT Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Nilotinib. Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20] [8]
Ruxolitinib DM7Q98D Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Ruxolitinib. Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20] [8]
Omacetaxine mepesuccinate DMPU2WX Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Omacetaxine mepesuccinate. Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20] [8]
Inebilizumab DMI0RHA Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Inebilizumab. Nervous system paraneoplastic/autoimmune disorder [8E4A] [8]
Atezolizumab DMMF8U0 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Atezolizumab. Non-small cell lung cancer [2C25] [8]
Olaparib DM8QB1D Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Olaparib. Ovarian cancer [2C73] [8]
Rucaparib DM9PVX8 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Rucaparib. Ovarian cancer [2C73] [8]
MK-4827 DMLYGH4 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and MK-4827. Ovarian cancer [2C73] [8]
Abametapir DM2RX0I Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Abametapir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Pediculosis [1G00] [16]
Lefamulin DME6G97 Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Lefamulin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Pneumonia [CA40] [17]
Enzalutamide DMGL19D Moderate Increased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Enzalutamide mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Prostate cancer [2C82] [9]
Brodalumab DMASDQ6 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Brodalumab. Psoriasis [EA90] [8]
Ustekinumab DMHTYK3 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Ustekinumab. Psoriasis [EA90] [8]
Tildrakizumab DMLW9HG Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Tildrakizumab. Psoriasis [EA90] [8]
Risankizumab DMM32GT Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Risankizumab. Psoriasis [EA90] [8]
Ixekizumab DMXW92T Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Ixekizumab. Psoriasis [EA90] [8]
Temsirolimus DMS104F Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Temsirolimus. Renal cell carcinoma [2C90] [8]
Upadacitinib DM32B5U Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Upadacitinib. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [8]
Baricitinib DM4ONW5 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Baricitinib. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [8]
Tocilizumab DM7J6OR Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Tocilizumab. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [8]
Canakinumab DM8HLO5 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Canakinumab. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [8]
Rilonacept DMGLUQS Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Rilonacept. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [8]
Golimumab DMHZV7X Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Golimumab. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [8]
Sarilumab DMOGNXY Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Sarilumab. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [8]
Mogamulizumab DMISH0Z Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Mogamulizumab. Sezary syndrome [2B02] [8]
Telotristat ethyl DMDIYFZ Moderate Increased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Telotristat ethyl mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Small intestine developmental anomaly [DA90] [8]
Trabectedin DMG3Y89 Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Trabectedin. Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z] [8]
LEE011 DMMX75K Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and LEE011. Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z] [8]
Pitolisant DM8RFNJ Moderate Increased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Pitolisant mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme. Somnolence [MG42] [8]
Pomalidomide DMTGBAX Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Pomalidomide. Systemic sclerosis [4A42] [8]
Plicamycin DM7C8YV Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Plicamycin. Testicular cancer [2C80] [8]
Fostamatinib DM6AUHV Moderate Decreased metabolism of Roflumilast caused by Fostamatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Thrombocytopenia [3B64] [18]
Belatacept DMXLYQF Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Belatacept. Transplant rejection [NE84] [8]
Durvalumab DM4PVDY Moderate Additive immunosuppressive effects by the combination of Roflumilast and Durvalumab. Ureteral cancer [2C92] [8]
⏷ Show the Full List of 95 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG
DIG Name DIG ID PubChem CID Functional Classification
Lactose monohydrate E00393 104938 Binding agent; Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Magnesium stearate E00208 11177 lubricant
Povidone E00667 Not Available Binding agent; Coating agent; Disintegrant; Film/membrane-forming agent; Solubilizing agent; Suspending agent
Pharmaceutical Formulation
Formulation Name Drug Dosage Dosage Form Route
Roflumilast 0.5 mg tablet 0.5 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6962).
2 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01664624) Roflumilast Plus Alogliptin Proof-of-Mechanism Study in Type2 Diabetes. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
3 Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
4 2011 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2012 Feb 1;11(2):91-4.
5 Effect of steady-state enoxacin on single-dose pharmacokinetics of roflumilast and roflumilast N-oxide. J Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Apr;51(4):586-93.
6 Dynamic activation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator by type 3 and type 4D phosphodiesterase inhibitors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Aug;314(2):846-54. doi: 10.1124/jpet.105.083519. Epub 2005 May 18.
7 Roflumilast protects from cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity in male rats and enhances its cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cell line. Role of NF-B-p65, cAMP/PKA and Nrf2/HO-1, NQO1 signaling. Food Chem Toxicol. 2021 May;151:112133. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112133. Epub 2021 Mar 20.
8 Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
9 Nassr N, Huennemeyer A, Herzog R, et al. "Effects of rifampicin on the pharmacokinetics of roflumilast and roflumilast N-oxide in healthy subjects." Br J Clin Pharmacol 68 (2009): 580-7. [PMID: 19843061]
10 Product Information. Turalio (pexidartinib). Daiichi Sankyo, Inc., Parsippany, NJ.
11 Product Information. Tukysa (tucatinib). Seattle Genetics Inc, Bothell, WA.
12 Product Information. Xcopri (cenobamate). SK Life Science, Inc., Paramus, NJ.
13 Product Information. Orladeyo (berotralstat). BioCryst Pharmaceuticals Inc, Durham, NC.
14 Product Information. Lorbrena (lorlatinib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
15 Product Information. Tagrisso (osimertinib). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
16 Product Information. Xeglyze (abametapir topical). Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Inc, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
17 Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel). Eisai Inc, Teaneck, NJ.
18 Product Information. Tavalisse (fostamatinib). Rigel Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA.