General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OTORABGO)

DOT Name Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1)
Synonyms Homeobox protein PBX1; Homeobox protein PRL
Gene Name PBX1
Related Disease
Acute myelogenous leukaemia ( )
Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract syndrome with or without hearing loss, abnormal ears, or developmental delay ( )
Metabolic disorder ( )
Acute leukaemia ( )
Autoimmune disease ( )
Breast cancer ( )
Breast carcinoma ( )
Burkitt lymphoma ( )
Carcinoma of esophagus ( )
Congenital anomaly of kidney and urinary tract ( )
Drug dependence ( )
Epithelial ovarian cancer ( )
Esophageal cancer ( )
Haematological malignancy ( )
Intellectual disability ( )
Lupus ( )
Neoplasm ( )
Neoplasm of esophagus ( )
Non-small-cell lung cancer ( )
Obsessive compulsive disorder ( )
Ovarian cancer ( )
Ovarian neoplasm ( )
Promyelocytic leukaemia ( )
Prostate neoplasm ( )
Squamous cell carcinoma ( )
Substance abuse ( )
Substance dependence ( )
Systemic lupus erythematosus ( )
Type-1/2 diabetes ( )
Anxiety ( )
Anxiety disorder ( )
Lymphoid leukemia ( )
Melanoma ( )
Small lymphocytic lymphoma ( )
Stomach cancer ( )
Advanced cancer ( )
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia ( )
Chromosomal disorder ( )
Fetal growth restriction ( )
Glaucoma/ocular hypertension ( )
leukaemia ( )
Lymphoma ( )
Myeloid leukaemia ( )
Prostate cancer ( )
Prostate carcinoma ( )
UniProt ID
PBX1_HUMAN
3D Structure
Download
2D Sequence (FASTA)
Download
3D Structure (PDB)
Download
PDB ID
1B72; 1PUF
Pfam ID
PF05920 ; PF03792
Sequence
MDEQPRLMHSHAGVGMAGHPGLSQHLQDGAGGTEGEGGRKQDIGDILQQIMTITDQSLDE
AQARKHALNCHRMKPALFNVLCEIKEKTVLSIRGAQEEEPTDPQLMRLDNMLLAEGVAGP
EKGGGSAAAAAAAAASGGAGSDNSVEHSDYRAKLSQIRQIYHTELEKYEQACNEFTTHVM
NLLREQSRTRPISPKEIERMVSIIHRKFSSIQMQLKQSTCEAVMILRSRFLDARRKRRNF
NKQATEILNEYFYSHLSNPYPSEEAKEELAKKCGITVSQVSNWFGNKRIRYKKNIGKFQE
EANIYAAKTAVTATNVSAHGSQANSPSTPNSAGSSSSFNMSNSGDLFMSVQSLNGDSYQG
AQVGANVQSQVDTLRHVISQTGGYSDGLAASQMYSPQGISANGGWQDATTPSSVTSPTEG
PGSVHSDTSN
Function
Transcription factor which binds the DNA sequence 5'-TGATTGAT-3' as part of a heterodimer with HOX proteins such as HOXA1, HOXA5, HOXB7 and HOXB8. Binds to the DNA sequence 5'-TGATTGAC-3' in complex with a nuclear factor which is not a class I HOX protein. Has also been shown to bind the DNA sequence 5'-ATCAATCAA-3' cooperatively with HOXA5, HOXB7, HOXB8, HOXC8 and HOXD4. Acts as a transcriptional activator of PF4 in complex with MEIS1. Also activates transcription of SOX3 in complex with MEIS1 by binding to the 5'-TGATTGAC-3' consensus sequence. In natural killer cells, binds to the NFIL3 promoter and acts as a transcriptional activator of NFIL3, promoting natural killer cell development. Plays a role in the cAMP-dependent regulation of CYP17A1 gene expression via its cAMP-regulatory sequence (CRS1). Probably in complex with MEIS2, involved in transcriptional regulation by KLF4. Acts as a transcriptional activator of NKX2-5 and a transcriptional repressor of CDKN2B. Together with NKX2-5, required for spleen development through a mechanism that involves CDKN2B repression; [Isoform PBX1b]: As part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2B complex in pancreatic acinar cells, is involved in the transcriptional activation of the ELA1 enhancer; the complex binds to the enhancer B element and cooperates with the transcription factor 1 complex (PTF1) bound to the enhancer A element.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in the kidney. Expressed in the endothelial cells of the glomeruli and interstitium (at protein level) . Expressed in all tissues except in cells of the B and T lineage. Expressed strongly in kidney and brain .
KEGG Pathway
Efferocytosis (hsa04148 )
Cortisol synthesis and secretion (hsa04927 )
Cushing syndrome (hsa04934 )
Transcriptio.l misregulation in cancer (hsa05202 )
Reactome Pathway
Activation of anterior HOX genes in hindbrain development during early embryogenesis (R-HSA-5617472 )
NOTCH3 Intracellular Domain Regulates Transcription (R-HSA-9013508 )
Transcriptional regulation of pluripotent stem cells (R-HSA-452723 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

45 Disease(s) Related to This DOT
Disease Name Disease ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
Acute myelogenous leukaemia DISCSPTN Definitive Genetic Variation [1]
Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract syndrome with or without hearing loss, abnormal ears, or developmental delay DISTB378 Definitive Autosomal dominant [2]
Metabolic disorder DIS71G5H Definitive Genetic Variation [3]
Acute leukaemia DISDQFDI Strong Biomarker [4]
Autoimmune disease DISORMTM Strong Biomarker [5]
Breast cancer DIS7DPX1 Strong Biomarker [6]
Breast carcinoma DIS2UE88 Strong Biomarker [6]
Burkitt lymphoma DIS9D5XU Strong Biomarker [7]
Carcinoma of esophagus DISS6G4D Strong Biomarker [8]
Congenital anomaly of kidney and urinary tract DIS84IVH Strong Biomarker [9]
Drug dependence DIS9IXRC Strong Biomarker [10]
Epithelial ovarian cancer DIS56MH2 Strong Altered Expression [11]
Esophageal cancer DISGB2VN Strong Biomarker [8]
Haematological malignancy DISCDP7W Strong Biomarker [12]
Intellectual disability DISMBNXP Strong Genetic Variation [13]
Lupus DISOKJWA Strong Genetic Variation [14]
Neoplasm DISZKGEW Strong Biomarker [4]
Neoplasm of esophagus DISOLKAQ Strong Biomarker [8]
Non-small-cell lung cancer DIS5Y6R9 Strong Biomarker [15]
Obsessive compulsive disorder DIS1ZMM2 Strong Genetic Variation [16]
Ovarian cancer DISZJHAP Strong Biomarker [11]
Ovarian neoplasm DISEAFTY Strong Altered Expression [11]
Promyelocytic leukaemia DISYGG13 Strong Biomarker [17]
Prostate neoplasm DISHDKGQ Strong Biomarker [18]
Squamous cell carcinoma DISQVIFL Strong Altered Expression [19]
Substance abuse DIS327VW Strong Biomarker [10]
Substance dependence DISDRAAR Strong Biomarker [10]
Systemic lupus erythematosus DISI1SZ7 Strong Altered Expression [14]
Type-1/2 diabetes DISIUHAP Strong Altered Expression [20]
Anxiety DISIJDBA moderate Altered Expression [21]
Anxiety disorder DISBI2BT moderate Altered Expression [21]
Lymphoid leukemia DIS65TYQ moderate Biomarker [22]
Melanoma DIS1RRCY moderate Biomarker [23]
Small lymphocytic lymphoma DIS30POX moderate Biomarker [24]
Stomach cancer DISKIJSX moderate Altered Expression [25]
Advanced cancer DISAT1Z9 Limited Altered Expression [26]
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia DISKLOKC Limited Genetic Variation [27]
Chromosomal disorder DISM5BB5 Limited Biomarker [28]
Fetal growth restriction DIS5WEJ5 Limited Genetic Variation [9]
Glaucoma/ocular hypertension DISLBXBY Limited Biomarker [29]
leukaemia DISS7D1V Limited Altered Expression [30]
Lymphoma DISN6V4S Limited Genetic Variation [31]
Myeloid leukaemia DISMN944 Limited Biomarker [32]
Prostate cancer DISF190Y Limited Biomarker [33]
Prostate carcinoma DISMJPLE Limited Biomarker [33]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 45 Disease(s)
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DOT
This DOT Affected the Drug Response of 2 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Approved Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1) affects the response to substance of Cisplatin. [51]
Mitoxantrone DMM39BF Approved Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1) affects the response to substance of Mitoxantrone. [51]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Valproate DMCFE9I Approved Valproate decreases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [34]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Approved Ciclosporin decreases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [35]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Approved Tretinoin increases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [36]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Approved Acetaminophen decreases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [37]
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Approved Doxorubicin decreases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [38]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Approved Hydrogen peroxide increases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [39]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Approved Calcitriol increases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [40]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Approved Testosterone increases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [41]
Niclosamide DMJAGXQ Approved Niclosamide increases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [42]
Hydroquinone DM6AVR4 Approved Hydroquinone decreases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [43]
Piroxicam DMTK234 Approved Piroxicam increases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [44]
Dasatinib DMJV2EK Approved Dasatinib increases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [45]
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 Phase 1 Benzo(a)pyrene decreases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [35]
PMID28460551-Compound-2 DM4DOUB Patented PMID28460551-Compound-2 decreases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [47]
Sulforaphane DMQY3L0 Investigative Sulforaphane decreases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [49]
geraniol DMS3CBD Investigative geraniol decreases the expression of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [50]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 16 Drug(s)
2 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
TAK-243 DM4GKV2 Phase 1 TAK-243 increases the sumoylation of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [46]
Bisphenol A DM2ZLD7 Investigative Bisphenol A decreases the methylation of Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). [48]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

References

1 Genome-wide haplotype association study identify the FGFR2 gene as a risk gene for acute myeloid leukemia.Oncotarget. 2017 Jan 31;8(5):7891-7899. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13631.
2 Technical standards for the interpretation and reporting of constitutional copy-number variants: a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen). Genet Med. 2020 Feb;22(2):245-257. doi: 10.1038/s41436-019-0686-8. Epub 2019 Nov 6.
3 Analysis of PBX1 as a candidate gene for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians.Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Mar 19;1518(1-2):215-20. doi: 10.1016/s0167-4781(01)00189-0.
4 SETDB2 Links E2A-PBX1 to Cell-Cycle Dysregulation in Acute Leukemia through CDKN2C Repression.Cell Rep. 2018 Apr 24;23(4):1166-1177. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.124.
5 The SLE-associated Pbx1-d isoform acts as a dominant-negative transcriptional regulator.Genes Immun. 2012 Dec;13(8):653-7. doi: 10.1038/gene.2012.43. Epub 2012 Sep 20.
6 uc.38 induces breast cancer cell apoptosis via PBX1.Am J Cancer Res. 2017 Dec 1;7(12):2438-2451. eCollection 2017.
7 B-cell development fails in the absence of the Pbx1 proto-oncogene.Blood. 2007 May 15;109(10):4191-9. doi: 10.1182/blood-2006-10-054213. Epub 2007 Jan 23.
8 FoxC1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition through PBX1 dependent transactivation of ZEB2 in esophageal cancer.Am J Cancer Res. 2017 Aug 1;7(8):1642-1653. eCollection 2017.
9 Prenatal findings and molecular cytogenetic analyses of a de novo interstitial deletion of 1q23.3 encompassing PBX1 gene.Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Mar;58(2):292-295. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2019.01.022.
10 Genome wide association for addiction: replicated results and comparisons of two analytic approaches.PLoS One. 2010 Jan 21;5(1):e8832. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008832.
11 Ovarian Cancer Chemoresistance Relies on the Stem Cell Reprogramming Factor PBX1.Cancer Res. 2016 Nov 1;76(21):6351-6361. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-0980. Epub 2016 Sep 2.
12 Pbx1 is a downstream target of Evi-1 in hematopoietic stem/progenitors and leukemic cells.Oncogene. 2009 Dec 10;28(49):4364-74. doi: 10.1038/onc.2009.288.
13 De novo, deleterious sequence variants that alter the transcriptional activity of the homeoprotein PBX1 are associated with intellectual disability and pleiotropic developmental defects. Hum Mol Genet. 2017 Dec 15;26(24):4849-4860. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddx363.
14 The PBX1 lupus susceptibility gene regulates CD44 expression.Mol Immunol. 2017 May;85:148-154. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.02.016. Epub 2017 Mar 1.
15 Detection of E2A-PBX1 fusion transcripts in human non-small-cell lung cancer.J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2013 May 20;32(1):29. doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-29.
16 Gene variations in PBX1, LMX1A and SLITRK1 are associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder and its clinical features.J Clin Neurosci. 2019 Mar;61:180-185. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2018.10.042. Epub 2018 Oct 28.
17 Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 is a major target of promyelocytic leukemia zinc-finger-mediated melanoma cell growth suppression.Oncogene. 2007 Jan 18;26(3):339-48. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209800. Epub 2006 Jul 24.
18 PLZF regulates Pbx1 transcription and Pbx1-HoxC8 complex leads to androgen-independent prostate cancer proliferation.Prostate. 2006 Jul 1;66(10):1092-9. doi: 10.1002/pros.20443.
19 Targeting HOX-PBX interactions causes death in oral potentially malignant and squamous carcinoma cells but not normal oral keratinocytes.BMC Cancer. 2018 Jul 6;18(1):723. doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-4622-0.
20 Pbx1 inactivation disrupts pancreas development and in Ipf1-deficient mice promotes diabetes mellitus.Nat Genet. 2002 Apr;30(4):430-5. doi: 10.1038/ng860. Epub 2002 Mar 25.
21 Zfp462 deficiency causes anxiety-like behaviors with excessive self-grooming in mice.Genes Brain Behav. 2017 Feb;16(2):296-307. doi: 10.1111/gbb.12339. Epub 2016 Oct 7.
22 Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptors T cells for the treatment of relapsed or refractory E2A-PBX1 positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: report of three cases.Leuk Lymphoma. 2019 Jun;60(6):1454-1461. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1533127. Epub 2019 Feb 4.
23 Identification of PBX1 target genes in cancer cells by global mapping of PBX1 binding sites.PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e36054. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036054. Epub 2012 May 2.
24 Hoxa9 collaborates with E2A-PBX1 in mouse B cell leukemia in association with Flt3 activation and decrease of B cell gene expression.Dev Dyn. 2014 Jan;243(1):145-58. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.24056. Epub 2013 Oct 7.
25 PBX1 attributes as a determinant of connexin 32 downregulation in Helicobacter pylori-related gastric carcinogenesis.World J Gastroenterol. 2017 Aug 7;23(29):5345-5355. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i29.5345.
26 PBX1 promotes the cell proliferation via JAK2/STAT3 signaling in clear cell renal carcinoma.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018 Jun 7;500(3):650-657. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.127. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
27 Flow cytometric predictive scoring systems for common fusions ETV6/RUNX1, BCR/ABL1, TCF3/PBX1 and rearrangements of the KMT2A gene, proposed for the initial cytogenetic approach in cases of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Int J Lab Hematol. 2019 Jun;41(3):364-372. doi: 10.1111/ijlh.12983. Epub 2019 Feb 7.
28 Ethnic differences in the frequency of subtypes of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of the Malaysia-Singapore Leukemia Study Group.J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2007 Jan;29(1):27-31. doi: 10.1097/MPH.0b013e318030ac4c.
29 Integrated microarray analysis provided novel insights to the pathogenesis of glaucoma.Mol Med Rep. 2017 Dec;16(6):8735-8746. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7711. Epub 2017 Oct 4.
30 Emerging Roles of MTG16 in Cell-Fate Control of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Cancer.Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:6301385. doi: 10.1155/2017/6301385. Epub 2017 Nov 22.
31 The Rb tumor suppressor in stress responses and hematopoietic homeostasis.Cell Cycle. 2005 Jan;4(1):42-5. doi: 10.4161/cc.4.1.1337. Epub 2005 Jan 29.
32 EB-1, a tyrosine kinase signal transduction gene, is transcriptionally activated in the t(1;19) subset of pre-B ALL, which express oncoprotein E2a-Pbx1.Oncogene. 1999 Sep 2;18(35):4920-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1202874.
33 Inhibition of the deubiquitinase USP9x induces pre-B cell homeobox 1 (PBX1) degradation and thereby stimulates prostate cancer cell apoptosis.J Biol Chem. 2019 Mar 22;294(12):4572-4582. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.006057. Epub 2019 Feb 4.
34 Effects of lithium and valproic acid on gene expression and phenotypic markers in an NT2 neurosphere model of neural development. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58822.
35 Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
36 Development of a neural teratogenicity test based on human embryonic stem cells: response to retinoic acid exposure. Toxicol Sci. 2011 Dec;124(2):370-7.
37 Multiple microRNAs function as self-protective modules in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in humans. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Feb;92(2):845-858.
38 Bringing in vitro analysis closer to in vivo: studying doxorubicin toxicity and associated mechanisms in 3D human microtissues with PBPK-based dose modelling. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Sep 15;294:184-192.
39 MS4A3-HSP27 target pathway reveals potential for haematopoietic disorder treatment in alimentary toxic aleukia. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2023 Feb;39(1):201-216. doi: 10.1007/s10565-021-09639-4. Epub 2021 Sep 28.
40 Large-scale in silico and microarray-based identification of direct 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 target genes. Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Nov;19(11):2685-95.
41 The exosome-like vesicles derived from androgen exposed-prostate stromal cells promote epithelial cells proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2021 Jan 15;411:115384. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115384. Epub 2020 Dec 25.
42 Mitochondrial Uncoupling Induces Epigenome Remodeling and Promotes Differentiation in Neuroblastoma. Cancer Res. 2023 Jan 18;83(2):181-194. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-22-1029.
43 Keratinocyte-derived IL-36gama plays a role in hydroquinone-induced chemical leukoderma through inhibition of melanogenesis in human epidermal melanocytes. Arch Toxicol. 2019 Aug;93(8):2307-2320.
44 Apoptosis induced by piroxicam plus cisplatin combined treatment is triggered by p21 in mesothelioma. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e23569.
45 Dasatinib reverses cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from primary lung carcinomas to a phenotype comparable to that of normal fibroblasts. Mol Cancer. 2010 Jun 27;9:168.
46 Inhibiting ubiquitination causes an accumulation of SUMOylated newly synthesized nuclear proteins at PML bodies. J Biol Chem. 2019 Oct 18;294(42):15218-15234. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.009147. Epub 2019 Jul 8.
47 Cell-based two-dimensional morphological assessment system to predict cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Nov 15;383:114761. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114761. Epub 2019 Sep 15.
48 DNA methylome-wide alterations associated with estrogen receptor-dependent effects of bisphenols in breast cancer. Clin Epigenetics. 2019 Oct 10;11(1):138. doi: 10.1186/s13148-019-0725-y.
49 Transcriptome and DNA methylation changes modulated by sulforaphane induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage, and suppression of proliferation in human liver cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 Feb;136:111047. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111047. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
50 Geraniol suppresses prostate cancer growth through down-regulation of E2F8. Cancer Med. 2016 Oct;5(10):2899-2908.
51 Gene expression profiling of 30 cancer cell lines predicts resistance towards 11 anticancer drugs at clinically achieved concentrations. Int J Cancer. 2006 Apr 1;118(7):1699-712. doi: 10.1002/ijc.21570.