General Information of Disease (ID: DISIU1JS)

Disease Name Insulinoma
Synonyms
adenomas, beta-cell; beta cell tumor; Insulomas; tumors, beta-cell; beta-cell tumour; insulinoma tumour suppressor GENE locus; adenoma, beta cell; adenoma, beta-cell; insulin-producing tumour of islet cells; beta-cell adenoma; beta-cell tumor; beta-cell tumours; beta-cell adenomas; insulinoma tumor suppressor GENE locus; beta cell tumour; Insulinomas; beta-cell tumors; insuloma; islet cell adenoma; tumor, beta-cell; insulinoma; pancreatic insulinoma
Disease Class 2C10: Pancreatic cancer
Definition
An insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the beta cells of the pancreas. Patients exhibit symptoms related to hypoglycemia due to inappropriate secretion of insulin.|Editor note: NCIT definition core part identical to pancreatic insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor. In mesh this is an adenoma. Obs reason: duplicate. This will be merged with MONDO:0005048 pancreatic insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor
Disease Hierarchy
DISEECV2: Functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor
DIS6JE0J: Pancreatic insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor
DISIU1JS: Insulinoma
ICD Code
ICD-11
ICD-11: 2C10.1
Expand ICD-11
'2C10.1
Disease Identifiers
MONDO ID
MONDO_0024677
MESH ID
D007340
UMLS CUI
C0021670
MedGen ID
43907
HPO ID
HP:0012197
SNOMED CT ID
302822000

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 2 Approved Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
Diazoxide DML1538 Approved Small molecular drug [1]
Romidepsin DMT5GNL Approved Small molecular drug [2]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 1 Investigative Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
EM-3106B DMFUXMS Investigative NA [3]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
This Disease Is Related to 36 DTT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
CACNA1D TT7RGTM Limited Biomarker [4]
CDKN1C TTBSUAR Limited Genetic Variation [5]
GAD2 TT7UY6K Limited Biomarker [6]
GPR119 TT7QNVC Limited Altered Expression [7]
SSTR5 TT2BC4G Limited Altered Expression [8]
GLP1R TTVIMDE moderate Biomarker [9]
IAPP TTHN8EM moderate Biomarker [10]
PDX1 TT8SGZK moderate Altered Expression [11]
ACO2 TTMTF2P Strong Altered Expression [12]
CPE TTXPWO6 Strong Altered Expression [13]
CR2 TT0HUN7 Strong Biomarker [14]
EHMT1 TTOFXD7 Strong Biomarker [9]
ELK3 TT5OJMV Strong Biomarker [15]
EPHB1 TT8MDAC Strong Biomarker [15]
G6PC TTBQMJ8 Strong Altered Expression [16]
G6PC2 TT7EV4P Strong Altered Expression [17]
GAD1 TTKGEP3 Strong Biomarker [18]
GCK TTDLNGZ Strong Biomarker [19]
GIP TT40HS5 Strong Biomarker [20]
HCAR2 TTWNV8U Strong Altered Expression [21]
KCNJ1 TTJ13ST Strong Biomarker [22]
KCNJ6 TTTIBVP Strong Biomarker [22]
LMO2 TTFX379 Strong Altered Expression [23]
MAPK8IP1 TTXKZ8Q Strong Altered Expression [24]
MC2R TTPWFDX Strong Biomarker [25]
PRSS1 TT2WR1T Strong Altered Expression [26]
PSEN2 TTWN3F4 Strong Biomarker [27]
RALBP1 TTVSRUA Strong Biomarker [28]
RIPK1 TTVJHX8 Strong Biomarker [28]
SLC22A12 TTA592U Strong Biomarker [29]
SLC30A8 TTXIGT7 Strong Biomarker [30]
SLC6A2 TTAWNKZ Strong Biomarker [15]
SSTR2 TTZ6T9E Strong Altered Expression [31]
SSTR3 TTJX3UE Strong Altered Expression [32]
STAB1 TTJFEOC Strong Altered Expression [33]
TSPAN7 TTMT6VE Strong Altered Expression [34]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 36 DTT(s)
This Disease Is Related to 3 DTP Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTP ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
SLC2A2 DTUJPOL Limited Genetic Variation [35]
SLC25A38 DTV8SWX Strong Altered Expression [36]
SLC30A10 DTYBI73 Strong Biomarker [30]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This Disease Is Related to 46 DOT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DOT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
BTC OTW4B2O0 Limited Biomarker [37]
HMGN2 OTN20MEF Limited Biomarker [38]
INSM1 OTG8RV8E Limited Altered Expression [39]
LHX2 OTK61NP8 Limited Biomarker [40]
MNX1 OTXP9FH1 Limited Biomarker [41]
PDHX OTG7O271 Limited Altered Expression [42]
CDKN2B OTAG24N1 Disputed Posttranslational Modification [43]
RIT2 OTSNYG0D moderate Biomarker [44]
ADSS2 OTW26XXB Strong Biomarker [45]
APOC2 OTLINYIQ Strong Altered Expression [46]
BANK1 OTXAAA11 Strong Altered Expression [47]
CCN5 OTADU8JJ Strong Biomarker [48]
CCNC OTMVK4K4 Strong Altered Expression [49]
CDKAL1 OTA0SGNE Strong Biomarker [50]
CORO1A OTVAZOHC Strong Genetic Variation [5]
EIPR1 OTNQKNL3 Strong Biomarker [51]
ERP44 OT7ZI7AG Strong Altered Expression [52]
FASTK OTTHFZMP Strong Biomarker [53]
GCKR OTSIWXGG Strong Altered Expression [19]
GCM2 OTSKNPTI Strong Biomarker [54]
GOLGA6A OTHU9MRX Strong Biomarker [55]
GPD2 OTV232Y7 Strong Biomarker [56]
HES3 OTJ1J42N Strong Biomarker [57]
IGSF9 OTNTKWS2 Strong Altered Expression [58]
INPPL1 OTCDAVBQ Strong Biomarker [59]
INS-IGF2 OTZR74BO Strong Altered Expression [60]
INSL5 OTLUI3PV Strong Biomarker [61]
KCNH4 OTHJ8WTU Strong Altered Expression [62]
KCNH8 OT3I5FLB Strong Altered Expression [62]
KRT16 OTGA0EQN Strong Altered Expression [63]
NFE2L1 OT1QHOS2 Strong Biomarker [64]
NIT1 OT1KHPKJ Strong Biomarker [65]
PDIA2 OTC2WMXS Strong Altered Expression [52]
PDIA5 OT76ZSX5 Strong Altered Expression [52]
PDZD2 OTPPVRGY Strong Biomarker [66]
RAB3A OT2GIUO5 Strong Altered Expression [67]
RAB8A OTPB54Y3 Strong Biomarker [68]
RANBP2 OTFG5CVF Strong Altered Expression [26]
RPS15 OT0WYZYG Strong Biomarker [69]
SELENOS OTUEWIU9 Strong Biomarker [70]
SNX1 OTXQSJ1J Strong Biomarker [71]
STOML3 OTLQGALK Strong Biomarker [72]
TCF19 OT7NKLF9 Strong Biomarker [73]
TPD52 OTPKSK43 Strong Altered Expression [63]
TRABD OTCFGFJH Strong Altered Expression [23]
PTPRN OTAP7NOL Definitive Biomarker [74]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 46 DOT(s)

References

1 Diazoxide FDA Label
2 Romidepsin FDA Label
3 The ChEMBL database in 2017. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D945-D954.
4 CACN4, the major alpha 1 subunit isoform of voltage-dependent calcium channels in pancreatic beta-cells: a minireview of current progress.Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1995 Aug;28 Suppl:S99-103. doi: 10.1016/0168-8227(95)01085-r.
5 Histologic and Molecular Profile of Pediatric Insulinomas: Evidence of a Paternal Parent-of-Origin Effect.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Mar;101(3):914-22. doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-2914. Epub 2016 Jan 12.
6 Seroconversion to multiple islet autoantibodies and risk of progression to diabetes in children.JAMA. 2013 Jun 19;309(23):2473-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.6285.
7 GPR119 expression in normal human tissues and islet cell tumors: evidence for its islet-gastrointestinal distribution, expression in pancreatic beta and alpha cells, and involvement in islet function.Metabolism. 2013 Jan;62(1):70-8. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.06.010. Epub 2012 Aug 9.
8 Negative regulation of pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 by somatostatin receptor subtype 5.Mol Endocrinol. 2012 Jul;26(7):1225-34. doi: 10.1210/me.2012-1095. Epub 2012 Jun 5.
9 Preparation of [(177)Lu]Lu-DOTA-Ahx-Lys40-Exendin-4 for radiotherapy of insulinoma: a detailed insight into the radiochemical intricacies.Nucl Med Biol. 2019 Nov-Dec;78-79:31-40. doi: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2019.11.003. Epub 2019 Nov 9.
10 A contemporary biological pathway of islet amyloid polypeptide for the management of diabetic dementia.Chem Biol Interact. 2019 Jun 1;306:117-122. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.022. Epub 2019 Apr 18.
11 Creation of versatile cloning platforms for transgene expression and dCas9-based epigenome editing.Nucleic Acids Res. 2019 Feb 28;47(4):e23. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky1286.
12 Heat shock inhibits cytokine-induced nitric oxide synthase expression by rat and human islets.Endocrinology. 1998 Dec;139(12):5050-7. doi: 10.1210/endo.139.12.6366.
13 Gene expression profiling in human insulinoma tissue: genes involved in the insulin secretion pathway and cloning of novel full-length cDNAs.Endocr Relat Cancer. 2004 Jun;11(2):295-303. doi: 10.1677/erc.0.0110295.
14 Expression of functional human Epstein-Barr virus/C3d receptor ([CR2] CD21) on insulinoma cell line. Induction of tumor rejection but not diabetes in syngeneic rats.Diabetes. 1991 Jul;40(7):809-14. doi: 10.2337/diab.40.7.809.
15 Molecular imaging for neuroendocrine tumours.Swiss Med Wkly. 2019 Mar 10;149:w20017. doi: 10.4414/smw.2019.20017. eCollection 2019 Feb 25.
16 Glucose induces glucose 6-phosphatase hydrolytic subunit gene transcription in an insulinoma cell line (INS-1).FEBS Lett. 1999 Jan 22;443(1):53-6. doi: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)01678-0.
17 Molecular cloning of a pancreatic islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein.Diabetes. 1999 Mar;48(3):531-42. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.48.3.531.
18 Early Infant Diet and Islet Autoimmunity in the TEDDY Study.Diabetes Care. 2018 Mar;41(3):522-530. doi: 10.2337/dc17-1983. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
19 When a Little Bit More Makes the Difference: Expression Levels of GKRP Determines the Subcellular Localization of GK in Tanycytes.Front Neurosci. 2019 Mar 29;13:275. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00275. eCollection 2019.
20 Scaling it down: new in vitro tools to get the balance right.Biochem J. 2017 Jan 1;474(1):47-50. doi: 10.1042/BCJ20160874.
21 Niacin receptor GPR109A inhibits insulin secretion and is down-regulated in type 2 diabetic islet beta-cells.Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2016 Oct 1;237:98-108. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.08.011. Epub 2016 Aug 26.
22 Cloning and functional expression of the cDNA encoding an inwardly-rectifying potassium channel expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and in the brain.FEBS Lett. 1995 Jun 19;367(1):61-6. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(95)00497-w.
23 Modifying Enzymes Are Elicited by ER Stress, Generating Epitopes That Are Selectively Recognized by CD4(+) T Cells in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes. 2018 Jul;67(7):1356-1368. doi: 10.2337/db17-1166. Epub 2018 Apr 13.
24 The gene MAPK8IP1, encoding islet-brain-1, is a candidate for type 2 diabetes.Nat Genet. 2000 Mar;24(3):291-5. doi: 10.1038/73523.
25 ACTH stimulates insulin secretion from MIN6 cells and primary mouse and human islets of Langerhans.J Endocrinol. 2004 Jan;180(1):155-66. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.1800155.
26 Identification of four trp1 gene variants murine pancreatic beta-cells.Diabetologia. 1997 May;40(5):528-32. doi: 10.1007/s001250050711.
27 Localisation of presenilin 2 in human and rodent pancreatic islet beta-cells; Met239Val presenilin 2 variant is not associated with diabetes in man.J Cell Sci. 1999 Jul;112 ( Pt 13):2137-44. doi: 10.1242/jcs.112.13.2137.
28 Intravital imaging of vascular anomalies and extracellular matrix remodeling in orthotopic pancreatic tumors.Int J Cancer. 2020 Apr 15;146(8):2209-2217. doi: 10.1002/ijc.32759. Epub 2019 Nov 23.
29 A Novel Multi-Epitope Vaccine Based on Urate Transporter 1 Alleviates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes by Producing Anti-URAT1 Antibody and an Immunomodulatory Effect in C57BL/6J Mice.Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Oct 16;18(10):2137. doi: 10.3390/ijms18102137.
30 Analysis of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroid diseases.J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Apr 24;32(4):355-361. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0367.
31 Pancreatic endocrine tumors: expression profiling evidences a role for AKT-mTOR pathway.J Clin Oncol. 2010 Jan 10;28(2):245-55. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.21.5988. Epub 2009 Nov 16.
32 Somatostatin receptor subtype gene expression in pituitary adenomas.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Apr;80(4):1386-92. doi: 10.1210/jcem.80.4.7714115.
33 Stabilin-1 is expressed in human breast cancer and supports tumor growth in mammary adenocarcinoma mouse model. Oncotarget. 2016 May 24;7(21):31097-110.
34 Tetraspanin 7 autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia. 2016 Sep;59(9):1973-6. doi: 10.1007/s00125-016-3997-1. Epub 2016 May 25.
35 Identification and functional characterization of a novel mutation of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha gene in a Korean family with MODY3.Diabetologia. 2003 May;46(5):721-7. doi: 10.1007/s00125-003-1079-7. Epub 2003 Apr 24.
36 Overexpression of appoptosin promotes mitochondrial damage in MIN6 cells.Mol Med Rep. 2018 May;17(5):7149-7155. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8759. Epub 2018 Mar 16.
37 4-Methylcatechol stimulates apoptosis and reduces insulin secretion by decreasing betacellulin and inhibin beta-A in INS-1 beta-cells.Hum Exp Toxicol. 2018 Nov;37(11):1123-1130. doi: 10.1177/0960327118758365. Epub 2018 Feb 23.
38 Protein HMG-17 is hyper-expressed in rat glucagonoma. Single-step isolation and sequencing.Eur J Biochem. 1990 Aug 28;192(1):81-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb19198.x.
39 Alleles of Insm1 determine whether RIP1-Tag2 mice produce insulinomas or nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.Oncogenesis. 2019 Feb 22;8(3):16. doi: 10.1038/s41389-019-0127-1.
40 LIM-homeobox gene 2 promotes tumor growth and metastasis by inducing autocrine and paracrine PDGF-B signaling.Mol Oncol. 2014 Mar;8(2):401-16. doi: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.12.009. Epub 2013 Dec 25.
41 Functional Defects From Endocrine Disease-Associated Mutations in HLXB9 and Its Interacting Partner, NONO.Endocrinology. 2018 Feb 1;159(2):1199-1212. doi: 10.1210/en.2017-03155.
42 Essential role of the small GTPase Ran in postnatal pancreatic islet development.PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27879. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027879. Epub 2011 Nov 17.
43 Evaluation of CDKN2C/p18, CDKN1B/p27 and CDKN2B/p15 mRNA expression, and CpG methylation status in sporadic and MEN1-associated pancreatic endocrine tumours.Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2008 Feb;68(2):271-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.03034.x. Epub 2007 Sep 4.
44 Effect of Carbidopa on 18F-FDOPA Uptake in Insulinoma: From Cell Culture to Small-Animal PET Imaging.J Nucl Med. 2017 Jan;58(1):36-41. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.116.180588. Epub 2016 Sep 8.
45 Adenylosuccinate Is an Insulin Secretagogue Derived from Glucose-Induced Purine Metabolism.Cell Rep. 2015 Oct 6;13(1):157-167. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.072. Epub 2015 Sep 24.
46 HNF4alpha and HNF1alpha dysfunction as a molecular rational for cyclosporine induced posttransplantation diabetes mellitus.PLoS One. 2009;4(3):e4662. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004662. Epub 2009 Mar 2.
47 DcR3 protects islet beta cells from apoptosis through modulating Adcyap1 and Bank1 expression.J Immunol. 2009 Dec 15;183(12):8157-66. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901165.
48 Recombinant protein CCN5/WISP2 promotes islet cell proliferation and survival in vitro.Growth Factors. 2019 Aug;37(3-4):120-130. doi: 10.1080/08977194.2019.1652400. Epub 2019 Aug 22.
49 Differential expression of cell-cycle regulators in human beta-cells derived from insulinoma tissue.Metabolism. 2016 May;65(5):736-746. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.02.007. Epub 2016 Feb 23.
50 CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1 (CDKAL1) is a tail-anchored protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of insulinoma cells.J Biol Chem. 2012 Dec 7;287(50):41808-19. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.376558. Epub 2012 Oct 9.
51 EIPR1 controls dense-core vesicle cargo retention and EARP complex localization in insulin-secreting cells.Mol Biol Cell. 2020 Jan 1;31(1):59-79. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E18-07-0469. Epub 2019 Nov 13.
52 IRE1-XBP1 pathway regulates oxidative proinsulin folding in pancreatic cells.J Cell Biol. 2018 Apr 2;217(4):1287-1301. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201707143. Epub 2018 Mar 5.
53 ANTHROPOMETRIC FEATURES ARE NOT PREDICTIVE OF 72-HOUR FAST DURATION IN INSULINOMAS.Endocr Pract. 2017 Aug;23(8):923-928. doi: 10.4158/EP171872.OR. Epub 2017 Jun 14.
54 Recent Topics Around Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Apr 1;103(4):1296-1301. doi: 10.1210/jc.2017-02340.
55 68Ga DOTA-Exendin PET/CT for Detection of Insulinoma in a Patient With Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia.Clin Nucl Med. 2018 Aug;43(8):e285-e286. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000002155.
56 Molecular cloning of human mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase gene: genomic structure, chromosomal localization, and existence of a pseudogene.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Jun 25;223(3):481-6. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.0920.
57 Hes3 is expressed in the adult pancreatic islet and regulates gene expression, cell growth, and insulin release.J Biol Chem. 2014 Dec 19;289(51):35503-16. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.590687. Epub 2014 Nov 4.
58 Evaluation of neurotensin receptor 1 as a potential imaging target in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Amino Acids. 2017 Aug;49(8):1325-1335. doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2430-5. Epub 2017 May 23.
59 Inhibition of SH2-domain containing inositol phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) in insulin producing INS1E cells improves insulin signal transduction and induces proliferation.FEBS Lett. 2007 Dec 22;581(30):5885-90. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.11.066. Epub 2007 Dec 3.
60 Upregulation of INS-IGF2 read-through expression and identification of a novel INS-IGF2 splice variant in insulinomas.Oncol Rep. 2016 Nov;36(5):2653-2662. doi: 10.3892/or.2016.5132. Epub 2016 Sep 23.
61 Signal transduction pathways activated by insulin-like peptide 5 at the relaxin family peptide RXFP4 receptor.Br J Pharmacol. 2017 May;174(10):1077-1089. doi: 10.1111/bph.13522. Epub 2016 Jul 13.
62 Activation of Elk-1, an Ets transcription factor, by glucose and EGF treatment of insulinoma cells.Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Dec;281(6):E1286-99. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.6.E1286.
63 High insulin levels do not influence PC-1 gene expression and protein content in human muscle tissue and hepatoma cells.Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2000 Jan-Feb;16(1):26-32. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1520-7560(200001/02)16:1<26::aid-dmrr78>3.0.co;2-n.
64 Nfe2l1-silenced insulinoma cells acquire aggressiveness and chemoresistance.Endocr Relat Cancer. 2018 Mar;25(3):185-200. doi: 10.1530/ERC-17-0458. Epub 2017 Dec 4.
65 Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule Mediates NIT-1 Insulinoma Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis by GLP-1/Akt Signaling Pathway.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Jul 29;2019:5356825. doi: 10.1155/2019/5356825. eCollection 2019.
66 miR-363 acts as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting PDZD2.Oncol Rep. 2019 May;41(5):2729-2738. doi: 10.3892/or.2019.7078. Epub 2019 Mar 19.
67 Expression of the ras-related rab3a gene in human insulinomas and normal human pancreatic islets.Pancreas. 1994 Jul;9(4):434-8. doi: 10.1097/00006676-199407000-00004.
68 Rab8a is involved in membrane trafficking of Kir6.2 in the MIN6 insulinoma cell line.Pflugers Arch. 2019 Jun;471(6):877-887. doi: 10.1007/s00424-018-02252-1. Epub 2019 Jan 10.
69 Novel gene activated in rat insulinomas.Diabetes. 1986 Oct;35(10):1178-80. doi: 10.2337/diab.35.10.1178.
70 Deficiency of VCP-Interacting Membrane Selenoprotein (VIMP) Leads to G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Cell Death in MIN6 Insulinoma Cells.Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;51(5):2185-2197. doi: 10.1159/000495865. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
71 A Targeted RNAi Screen Identifies Endocytic Trafficking Factors That Control GLP-1 Receptor Signaling in Pancreatic -Cells.Diabetes. 2018 Mar;67(3):385-399. doi: 10.2337/db17-0639. Epub 2017 Dec 28.
72 Chromosome 1q loss of heterozygosity frequently occurs in sporadic insulinomas and is associated with tumor malignancy.Int J Cancer. 2005 Nov 1;117(2):234-40. doi: 10.1002/ijc.21175.
73 Tcf19 is a novel islet factor necessary for proliferation and survival in the INS-1 -cell line.Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Sep 1;305(5):E600-10. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00147.2013. Epub 2013 Jul 16.
74 ICA512 RESP18 homology domain is a protein-condensing factor and insulin fibrillation inhibitor.J Biol Chem. 2019 May 24;294(21):8564-8576. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.007607. Epub 2019 Apr 12.