Details of Drug Off-Target (DOT)

General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OTPOR8IO)

DOT Name Afamin (AFM)
Synonyms Alpha-albumin; Alpha-Alb
Gene Name AFM
Related Disease
Type-1/2 diabetes ( )
Acute kidney injury ( )
Acute leukaemia ( )
Acute liver failure ( )
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia ( )
Advanced cancer ( )
Brain neoplasm ( )
Breast cancer ( )
Breast carcinoma ( )
Cataract ( )
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( )
Diabetic kidney disease ( )
Epilepsy ( )
Hepatitis B virus infection ( )
Hepatitis C virus infection ( )
Herpes simplex infection ( )
Liver cirrhosis ( )
Medulloblastoma ( )
Melanoma ( )
Metabolic disorder ( )
Neoplasm ( )
Prostate cancer ( )
Prostate carcinoma ( )
Schizophrenia ( )
Ulcerative colitis ( )
Wilson disease ( )
Adrenoleukodystrophy ( )
Epithelial ovarian cancer ( )
Hepatocellular carcinoma ( )
Non-insulin dependent diabetes ( )
Ovarian cancer ( )
Ovarian neoplasm ( )
Polycystic ovarian syndrome ( )
Asthma ( )
Carcinoma ( )
Female hypogonadism ( )
Fetal growth restriction ( )
Hepatitis ( )
Lewy body dementia ( )
Thyroid cancer ( )
Thyroid gland carcinoma ( )
Thyroid gland papillary carcinoma ( )
Thyroid tumor ( )
UniProt ID
AFAM_HUMAN
3D Structure
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2D Sequence (FASTA)
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3D Structure (PDB)
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PDB ID
5OKL; 6FAK; 6RQ7
Pfam ID
PF00273
Sequence
MKLLKLTGFIFFLFFLTESLTLPTQPRDIENFNSTQKFIEDNIEYITIIAFAQYVQEATF
EEMEKLVKDMVEYKDRCMADKTLPECSKLPNNVLQEKICAMEGLPQKHNFSHCCSKVDAQ
RRLCFFYNKKSDVGFLPPFPTLDPEEKCQAYESNRESLLNHFLYEVARRNPFVFAPTLLT
VAVHFEEVAKSCCEEQNKVNCLQTRAIPVTQYLKAFSSYQKHVCGALLKFGTKVVHFIYI
AILSQKFPKIEFKELISLVEDVSSNYDGCCEGDVVQCIRDTSKVMNHICSKQDSISSKIK
ECCEKKIPERGQCIINSNKDDRPKDLSLREGKFTDSENVCQERDADPDTFFAKFTFEYSR
RHPDLSIPELLRIVQIYKDLLRNCCNTENPPGCYRYAEDKFNETTEKSLKMVQQECKHFQ
NLGKDGLKYHYLIRLTKIAPQLSTEELVSLGEKMVTAFTTCCTLSEEFACVDNLADLVFG
ELCGVNENRTINPAVDHCCKTNFAFRRPCFESLKADKTYVPPPFSQDLFTFHADMCQSQN
EELQRKTDRFLVNLVKLKHELTDEELQSLFTNFANVVDKCCKAESPEVCFNEESPKIGN
Function
Functions as a carrier for hydrophobic molecules in body fluids (Probable). Essential for the solubility and activity of lipidated Wnt family members, including WNT1, WNT2B, WNT3, WNT3A, WNT5A, WNT7A, WNT7B, WNT8, WNT9A, WNT9B, WNT10A and WNT10B. Binds vitamin E. May transport vitamin E in body fluids under conditions where the lipoprotein system is not sufficient. May be involved in the transport of vitamin E across the blood-brain barrier.
Tissue Specificity High level detected in plasma but also in extravascular fluids such as follicular and cerebrospinal fluids (at protein level).

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

43 Disease(s) Related to This DOT
Disease Name Disease ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
Type-1/2 diabetes DISIUHAP Definitive Biomarker [1]
Acute kidney injury DISXZG0T Strong Biomarker [2]
Acute leukaemia DISDQFDI Strong Altered Expression [3]
Acute liver failure DIS5EZKX Strong Biomarker [4]
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia DISPX75S Strong Biomarker [5]
Advanced cancer DISAT1Z9 Strong Biomarker [6]
Brain neoplasm DISY3EKS Strong Biomarker [7]
Breast cancer DIS7DPX1 Strong Biomarker [8]
Breast carcinoma DIS2UE88 Strong Biomarker [8]
Cataract DISUD7SL Strong Biomarker [9]
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia DISJ5D6U Strong Biomarker [5]
Diabetic kidney disease DISJMWEY Strong Biomarker [10]
Epilepsy DISBB28L Strong Biomarker [11]
Hepatitis B virus infection DISLQ2XY Strong Biomarker [12]
Hepatitis C virus infection DISQ0M8R Strong Biomarker [13]
Herpes simplex infection DISL1SAV Strong Biomarker [14]
Liver cirrhosis DIS4G1GX Strong Biomarker [15]
Medulloblastoma DISZD2ZL Strong Biomarker [7]
Melanoma DIS1RRCY Strong Biomarker [16]
Metabolic disorder DIS71G5H Strong Biomarker [17]
Neoplasm DISZKGEW Strong Biomarker [18]
Prostate cancer DISF190Y Strong Genetic Variation [19]
Prostate carcinoma DISMJPLE Strong Genetic Variation [20]
Schizophrenia DISSRV2N Strong Genetic Variation [21]
Ulcerative colitis DIS8K27O Strong Biomarker [22]
Wilson disease DISVS9H7 Strong Biomarker [4]
Adrenoleukodystrophy DISTUD1F moderate Biomarker [23]
Epithelial ovarian cancer DIS56MH2 moderate Biomarker [24]
Hepatocellular carcinoma DIS0J828 moderate Biomarker [25]
Non-insulin dependent diabetes DISK1O5Z moderate Altered Expression [10]
Ovarian cancer DISZJHAP moderate Biomarker [24]
Ovarian neoplasm DISEAFTY moderate Biomarker [24]
Polycystic ovarian syndrome DISZ2BNG moderate Biomarker [26]
Asthma DISW9QNS Limited Biomarker [27]
Carcinoma DISH9F1N Limited Biomarker [28]
Female hypogonadism DISWASB4 Limited Altered Expression [29]
Fetal growth restriction DIS5WEJ5 Limited Biomarker [30]
Hepatitis DISXXX35 Limited Biomarker [31]
Lewy body dementia DISAE66J Limited Biomarker [32]
Thyroid cancer DIS3VLDH Limited Biomarker [28]
Thyroid gland carcinoma DISMNGZ0 Limited Biomarker [28]
Thyroid gland papillary carcinoma DIS48YMM Limited Biomarker [28]
Thyroid tumor DISLVKMD Limited Biomarker [28]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 43 Disease(s)
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DOT
2 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Valproate DMCFE9I Approved Valproate decreases the methylation of Afamin (AFM). [33]
Olanzapine DMPFN6Y Approved Olanzapine affects the phosphorylation of Afamin (AFM). [37]
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5 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Approved Ciclosporin decreases the expression of Afamin (AFM). [34]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Approved Acetaminophen decreases the expression of Afamin (AFM). [35]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Approved Estradiol decreases the expression of Afamin (AFM). [34]
Rosiglitazone DMILWZR Approved Rosiglitazone decreases the expression of Afamin (AFM). [36]
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 Phase 1 Benzo(a)pyrene decreases the expression of Afamin (AFM). [38]
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References

1 Assessment of Serum Concentrations of Adropin, Afamin, and Neudesin in Children with Type 1 Diabetes.Biomed Res Int. 2019 Oct 24;2019:6128410. doi: 10.1155/2019/6128410. eCollection 2019.
2 A Multiplatform Approach for the Discovery of Novel Drug-Induced Kidney Injury Biomarkers.Chem Res Toxicol. 2017 Oct 16;30(10):1823-1834. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00159. Epub 2017 Sep 27.
3 The mixed-lineage leukemia fusion partner AF4 stimulates RNA polymerase II transcriptional elongation and mediates coordinated chromatin remodeling.Hum Mol Genet. 2007 Jan 1;16(1):92-106. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddl444. Epub 2006 Nov 29.
4 Plasmapheresis Combined with Continuous Plasma Filtration Adsorption Rescues Severe Acute Liver Failure in Wilson's Disease before Liver Transplantation.Blood Purif. 2019;47(1-3):120-125. doi: 10.1159/000493909. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
5 Characterization of the specific interaction between the DNA aptamer sgc8c and protein tyrosine kinase-7 receptors at the surface of T-cells by biosensing AFM.Anal Bioanal Chem. 2017 Apr;409(11):2767-2776. doi: 10.1007/s00216-017-0238-5. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
6 Role of a Kinesin Motor in Cancer Cell Mechanics.Nano Lett. 2019 Nov 13;19(11):7691-7702. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02592. Epub 2019 Oct 7.
7 The biochemical, nanomechanical and chemometric signatures of brain cancer.Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2018 Jan 5;188:8-19. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.06.037. Epub 2017 Jun 30.
8 Afamin expression in breast cancer.Asian J Surg. 2020 Jul;43(7):750-754. doi: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2019.09.014. Epub 2019 Oct 23.
9 Differentiation of protein secondary structure in clear and opaque human lenses: AFM - IR studies.J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2017 May 30;139:125-132. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.001. Epub 2017 Mar 2.
10 Urinary afamin levels are associated with the progression of diabetic nephropathy.Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019 Jan;147:37-46. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.034. Epub 2018 Mar 6.
11 Accelerated long-term forgetting and behavioural difficulties in children with epilepsy.Cortex. 2019 Jan;110:92-100. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.03.021. Epub 2018 Mar 30.
12 Two distinct subtypes of hepatitis B virus-related acute liver failure are separable by quantitative serum immunoglobulin M anti-hepatitis B core antibody and hepatitis B virus DNA levels.Hepatology. 2012 Mar;55(3):676-84. doi: 10.1002/hep.24732. Epub 2012 Jan 31.
13 Occult hepatitis C virus infection in patients in whom the etiology of persistently abnormal results of liver-function tests is unknown.J Infect Dis. 2004 Jan 1;189(1):7-14. doi: 10.1086/380202. Epub 2003 Dec 31.
14 Living donor liver transplantation for neonatal fulminant hepatitis due to herpes simplex virus infection.Pediatr Transplant. 2017 Nov;21(7). doi: 10.1111/petr.13021. Epub 2017 Jul 23.
15 Afamin and adropin in patients with alcohol-induced liver cirrhosis.Ann Agric Environ Med. 2018 Sep 25;25(3):527-531. doi: 10.26444/aaem/92650. Epub 2018 Jul 25.
16 Vulvar malignant melanoma associated with human papillomavirus DNA: report of two cases and review of literature.Am J Dermatopathol. 2002 Jun;24(3):230-40. doi: 10.1097/00000372-200206000-00008.
17 First trimester serum afamin concentrations are associated with the development of pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women.Clin Chim Acta. 2018 Jan;476:160-166. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.11.031. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
18 Identification of a sodium pump Na(+)/K(+) ATPase 1-targeted peptide for PET imaging of breast cancer.J Control Release. 2018 Jul 10;281:178-188. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.05.019. Epub 2018 May 17.
19 Identification of 23 new prostate cancer susceptibility loci using the iCOGS custom genotyping array.Nat Genet. 2013 Apr;45(4):385-91, 391e1-2. doi: 10.1038/ng.2560.
20 Association analyses of more than 140,000 men identify 63 new prostate cancer susceptibility loci.Nat Genet. 2018 Jul;50(7):928-936. doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0142-8. Epub 2018 Jun 11.
21 Potential linkage disequilibrium between schizophrenia and locus D22S278 on the long arm of chromosome 22.Am J Med Genet. 1995 Oct 9;60(5):465-7. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.1320600521.
22 The Microbial Composition of Bacteroidetes Species in Ulcerative Colitis Is Effectively Improved by Combination Therapy With Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and Antibiotics.Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2018 Nov 29;24(12):2590-2598. doi: 10.1093/ibd/izy266.
23 Pathophysiology and Management of Alcoholic Liver Disease: Update 2016.Gut Liver. 2017 Mar 15;11(2):173-188. doi: 10.5009/gnl16477.
24 Proteomic profiling identifies afamin as a potential biomarker for ovarian cancer.Clin Cancer Res. 2007 Dec 15;13(24):7370-9. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-0747.
25 Prognostic relevance of miR-137 and its liver microenvironment regulatory target gene AFM in hepatocellular carcinoma.J Cell Physiol. 2019 Jul;234(7):11888-11899. doi: 10.1002/jcp.27855. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
26 Afamin predicts gestational diabetes in polycystic ovary syndrome patients preconceptionally.Endocr Connect. 2019 May 1;8(5):616-624. doi: 10.1530/EC-19-0064.
27 AFM-based nanomechanical characterization of bronchoscopic samples in asthma patients.J Mol Recognit. 2018 Dec;31(12):e2752. doi: 10.1002/jmr.2752. Epub 2018 Jul 18.
28 Afamin promotes glucose metabolism in papillary thyroid carcinoma.Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2016 Oct 15;434:108-15. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.06.013. Epub 2016 Jun 18.
29 Serum biomarker analysis in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency.Cytokine. 2020 Feb;126:154876. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154876. Epub 2019 Oct 16.
30 Combination of first trimester serum afamin levels and three-dimensional placental bed vascularization as a possible screening method to detect women at-risk for adverse pregnancy complications like pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus in low-risk pregnancies.Placenta. 2018 Feb;62:9-15. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.12.014. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
31 The Role of Monocytes and Macrophages in Acute and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.Front Immunol. 2018 Dec 14;9:2948. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02948. eCollection 2018.
32 ALBA Screening Instrument (ASI): A brief screening tool for Lewy Body Dementia.Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2017 May-Jun;70:67-75. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.01.001. Epub 2017 Jan 5.
33 Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
34 Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
35 Multiple microRNAs function as self-protective modules in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in humans. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Feb;92(2):845-858.
36 Transcriptomic analysis of untreated and drug-treated differentiated HepaRG cells over a 2-week period. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Dec 25;30(1 Pt A):27-35.
37 Effects of olanzapine on serum protein phosphorylation patterns in patients with schizophrenia. Proteomics Clin Appl. 2015 Oct;9(9-10):907-16. doi: 10.1002/prca.201400148. Epub 2015 May 15.
38 Benzo[a]pyrene-induced changes in microRNA-mRNA networks. Chem Res Toxicol. 2012 Apr 16;25(4):838-49.