Details of Disease

Disease Name

Definition

A usually exophytic mass attached to the underlying tissue by a broad base or a thin stalk. Polyps can be neoplastic or non-neoplastic. Neoplastic polyps usually represent proliferations of the epithelium, and are commonly seen in the gastrointestinal tract. Polyps of the gastrointestinal tract are often called adenomas, are associated with dysplasia, and may eventually transform into carcinomas. Non-neoplastic polyps may be inflammatory, degenerative, or the result of malformations.

Disease Hierarchy

DIS11CME: Cell proliferative disorder

DISRSLYF: Polyp

Disease Identifiers

MONDO ID

MONDO_0005079

UMLS CUI

C0032584

MedGen ID

19397

SNOMED CT ID

41329004

General Information of Disease (ID: DISRSLYF)

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

This Disease Is Related to 32 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
CALR	TTUZ7OA	Limited	Biomarker	[1]
FZD10	TTP1S2F	Limited	Biomarker	[2]
ACVR2B	TTLFRKS	Strong	Altered Expression	[3]
ALOX15	TTN9T81	Strong	Altered Expression	[4]
ANXA10	TT0NL6U	Strong	Biomarker	[5]
ASPA	TT6TLZP	Strong	Biomarker	[6]
CEACAM3	TTPX7I5	Strong	Altered Expression	[7]
CEACAM5	TTY6DTE	Strong	Altered Expression	[7]
CRLF2	TTRMZ0N	Strong	Altered Expression	[8]
CYSLTR1	TTGKOY9	Strong	Biomarker	[9]
F11	TTDM4ZU	Strong	Genetic Variation	[10]
FAP	TTGPQ0F	Strong	Biomarker	[11]
FFAR2	TT0FYAN	Strong	Biomarker	[12]
GPR17	TTMPART	Strong	Altered Expression	[9]
GUCY2C	TTLDPRG	Strong	Biomarker	[13]
HTT	TTIWZ0O	Strong	Genetic Variation	[14]
IL21	TT9QEJ6	Strong	Biomarker	[15]
IL31	TT1RJXK	Strong	Altered Expression	[16]
MSH2	TTCAWRT	Strong	Biomarker	[17]
MUC17	TTVO0JU	Strong	Altered Expression	[18]
NAGLU	TTDM6HZ	Strong	Genetic Variation	[19]
ODC1	TTUMGNO	Strong	Biomarker	[20]
PTGER3	TTPNGDE	Strong	Genetic Variation	[21]
PTGIS	TTLXKZR	Strong	Genetic Variation	[22]
RNF43	TTD91BL	Strong	Genetic Variation	[23]
RNPEP	TTD74YX	Strong	Biomarker	[24]
SCGB2A2	TT1W3RE	Strong	Altered Expression	[25]
SMAD9	TTX8EBV	Strong	Genetic Variation	[26]
TAOK1	TTQY9DH	Strong	Altered Expression	[27]
TICAM1	TT2GQT6	Strong	Biomarker	[28]
TMPRSS15	TTXL0GC	Strong	Biomarker	[29]
MGMT	TTJ8DV7	Definitive	Posttranslational Modification	[30]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 32 DTT(s)

This Disease Is Related to 2 DTP Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTP ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
SLC22A4	DT2EG60	Strong	Biomarker	[6]
SLC26A3	DTN1FMD	Strong	Altered Expression	[31]
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This Disease Is Related to 3 DME Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DME ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
FMO3	DEP76YL	Limited	Genetic Variation	[32]
HPGD	DEHKSC6	Limited	Biomarker	[33]
MAT1A	DEQ6NC9	Strong	Biomarker	[24]
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This Disease Is Related to 65 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
BMPR1A	OTQOA4ZH	Limited	Biomarker	[34]
CDC73	OT6JASZ1	Limited	Biomarker	[35]
CKB	OTUCKOTT	Limited	Altered Expression	[36]
DEFA5	OT95CBQ9	Limited	Altered Expression	[37]
TRIM21	OTA4UJCF	Limited	Biomarker	[1]
ELP3	OTT5UKSZ	moderate	Biomarker	[38]
EVA1C	OT18YR25	moderate	Biomarker	[39]
FIP1L1	OTF91GTL	moderate	Genetic Variation	[40]
HIC1	OTI9TWY4	moderate	Biomarker	[41]
HUNK	OTZR4GBH	moderate	Biomarker	[39]
A1CF	OTJBKFA1	Strong	Biomarker	[6]
ADGRE1	OTQQ9Q7G	Strong	Altered Expression	[42]
ADGRV1	OTLVXHHP	Strong	Biomarker	[43]
ADI1	OT8IOD03	Strong	Genetic Variation	[44]
AFAP1	OTR473H8	Strong	Biomarker	[45]
ALX4	OTNS9A29	Strong	Biomarker	[46]
AP3B1	OTYTIH5Q	Strong	Biomarker	[47]
BPIFA1	OTQFD2J5	Strong	Altered Expression	[48]
CALB2	OTSNMCG9	Strong	Biomarker	[49]
CALD1	OTNJKJ6Q	Strong	Biomarker	[50]
CCL24	OT9LGHV0	Strong	Altered Expression	[51]
CDX1	OTOHTMJE	Strong	Genetic Variation	[52]
CEACAM7	OTKFDTZY	Strong	Altered Expression	[7]
COL26A1	OTMS7RNF	Strong	Genetic Variation	[53]
COX2	OTTMVBJJ	Strong	Biomarker	[54]
CTBP2	OTGZGT87	Strong	Biomarker	[55]
DBP	OTE0W7LN	Strong	Biomarker	[56]
DIO2	OTGPNSLH	Strong	Altered Expression	[54]
DTX1	OTYX91DX	Strong	Genetic Variation	[14]
ERV3-1	OT4CW64T	Strong	Biomarker	[57]
ESD	OTUSIBPS	Strong	Biomarker	[58]
FANCB	OTMZTXB5	Strong	Altered Expression	[59]
FGL1	OTT0QHQ1	Strong	Biomarker	[47]
HADHA	OTO557N2	Strong	Genetic Variation	[60]
HLA-DRA	OT7KZMP2	Strong	Genetic Variation	[61]
HPS1	OTKS5I7T	Strong	Biomarker	[47]
IFITM1	OTECO1G8	Strong	Biomarker	[62]
IL17RC	OTEFOBSS	Strong	Biomarker	[63]
MARCHF6	OTBTA03N	Strong	Biomarker	[64]
MFAP5	OT46VXSG	Strong	Altered Expression	[65]
MT1E	OTXJKU4Y	Strong	Biomarker	[66]
MUC6	OTPVL723	Strong	Genetic Variation	[67]
NBAS	OTW9IBRI	Strong	Genetic Variation	[19]
NDUFAB1	OTF906UR	Strong	Biomarker	[68]
PALM	OTTZONUX	Strong	Genetic Variation	[69]
PANX1	OTXPEDOK	Strong	Biomarker	[70]
PIAS1	OTZVAHZI	Strong	Genetic Variation	[60]
PIP	OTH719AH	Strong	Biomarker	[71]
PPM1L	OTGGNG6M	Strong	Altered Expression	[72]
PRB1	OTV0SYMD	Strong	Altered Expression	[24]
PRDM5	OTU1GB68	Strong	Genetic Variation	[73]
PSG2	OT2EIXAI	Strong	Altered Expression	[7]
ROPN1L	OTRWZJ68	Strong	Biomarker	[6]
RPL29	OTUFIBJL	Strong	Altered Expression	[74]
SAA2	OTYAVJWG	Strong	Altered Expression	[75]
SCN7A	OTK05PXY	Strong	Genetic Variation	[19]
SEMA3F	OTQFMS8S	Strong	Biomarker	[76]
SEPTIN9	OT1VMRFQ	Strong	Biomarker	[77]
SPINK5	OT61IIAO	Strong	Altered Expression	[78]
STK11	OT1YZSP3	Strong	Biomarker	[79]
TAS2R38	OTX5MM36	Strong	Genetic Variation	[80]
TFF2	OTRXB19X	Strong	Biomarker	[81]
TMEM132A	OTNUI7O1	Strong	Genetic Variation	[60]
TNFSF8	OTDYGDJ3	Strong	Altered Expression	[82]
TRAF3IP2	OTLLZERL	Strong	Altered Expression	[83]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 65 DOT(s)

References

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26	Exome Sequencing Reveals Germline SMAD9 Mutation That Reduces Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Expression and Is Associated With Hamartomatous Polyposis and Gastrointestinal Ganglioneuromas.Gastroenterology. 2015 Oct;149(4):886-9.e5. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.06.027. Epub 2015 Jun 26.
27	Chromosome 19q13 disruption alters expressions of CYP2A7, MIA and MIA-RAB4B lncRNA and contributes to FAP-like phenotype in APC mutation-negative familial colorectal cancer patients.PLoS One. 2017 Mar 17;12(3):e0173772. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173772. eCollection 2017.
28	The TLR3/TICAM-1 signal constitutively controls spontaneous polyposis through suppression of c-Myc in Apc (Min/+) mice.J Biomed Sci. 2017 Oct 17;24(1):79. doi: 10.1186/s12929-017-0387-z.
29	Expression of enteropeptidase in differentiated enterocytes, goblet cells, and the tumor cells in human duodenum.Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003 Dec;285(6):G1235-41. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00198.2003. Epub 2003 Aug 7.
30	Sensitive and Noninvasive Detection of Aberrant SFRP2 and MGMT-B Methylation in Iranian Patients with Colon Polyps.Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(4):2185-93. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.4.2185.
31	Down-regulation of the down-regulated in adenoma (DRA) gene correlates with colon tumor progression.Clin Cancer Res. 1998 Aug;4(8):1857-63.
32	Genetic polymorphisms of human flavin-containing monooxygenase 3: implications for drug metabolism and clinical perspectives.Pharmacogenomics. 2007 Jun;8(6):635-43. doi: 10.2217/14622416.8.6.635.
33	Prostaglandin E(2) Activates YAP and a Positive-Signaling Loop to Promote Colon Regeneration After Colitis but Also Carcinogenesis in Mice.Gastroenterology. 2017 Feb;152(3):616-630. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.11.005. Epub 2016 Nov 15.
34	Overlap of Juvenile polyposis syndrome and Cowden syndrome due to de novo chromosome 10 deletion involving BMPR1A and PTEN: implications for treatment and surveillance.Am J Med Genet A. 2015 Jun;167(6):1305-8. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36876. Epub 2015 Apr 5.
35	Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism due to multiple adenomas associated with ossifying jaw fibroma and multiple uterine adenomyomatous polyps.Eur J Endocrinol. 1998 May;138(5):557-61. doi: 10.1530/eje.0.1380557.
36	Altered expression and localization of creatine kinase B, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F, and high mobility group box 1 protein in the nuclear matrix associated with colon cancer.Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 15;66(2):763-9. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-3771.
37	Paneth cell differentiation in colonic epithelial neoplasms: evidence for the role of the Apc/beta-catenin/Tcf pathway.Hum Pathol. 2009 Jun;40(6):872-80. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2008.12.003. Epub 2009 Mar 9.
38	Elp3 drives Wnt-dependent tumor initiation and regeneration in the intestine.J Exp Med. 2015 Nov 16;212(12):2057-75. doi: 10.1084/jem.20142288. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
39	Detection of parvovirus B19 nucleic acids and expression of viral VP1/VP2 antigen in human colon carcinoma.Am J Gastroenterol. 2007 Jul;102(7):1489-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01240.x. Epub 2007 Apr 24.
40	The tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is required for cell transformation by the receptor tyrosine kinase mutants FIP1L1-PDGFR and PDGFR D842V.Mol Oncol. 2014 May;8(3):728-40. doi: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.02.003. Epub 2014 Feb 17.
41	Loss of a single Hic1 allele accelerates polyp formation in Apc(716) mice.Oncogene. 2011 Jun 9;30(23):2659-69. doi: 10.1038/onc.2010.633. Epub 2011 Feb 7.
42	Macrophage depletion using clodronate liposomes decreases tumorigenesis and alters gut microbiota in the AOM/DSS mouse model of colon cancer.Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2018 Jan 1;314(1):G22-G31. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00229.2017. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
43	Hamartomas and midline anomalies in association with infantile hemangiomas, PHACE, and LUMBAR syndromes.Pediatr Dermatol. 2020 Jan;37(1):78-85. doi: 10.1111/pde.14006. Epub 2019 Oct 20.
44	Clip Closure Prevents Bleeding After Endoscopic Resection of Large Colon Polyps in a Randomized Trial.Gastroenterology. 2019 Oct;157(4):977-984.e3. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.03.019. Epub 2019 Mar 15.
45	Colorectal Adenomatous Polyposis: Heterogeneity of Susceptibility Gene Mutations and Phenotypes in a Cohort of Italian Patients.Genet Test Mol Biomarkers. 2016 Dec;20(12):777-785. doi: 10.1089/gtmb.2016.0198. Epub 2016 Oct 5.
46	Performance of epigenetic markers SEPT9 and ALX4 in plasma for detection of colorectal precancerous lesions.PLoS One. 2010 Feb 4;5(2):e9061. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009061.
47	Exome sequencing characterizes the somatic mutation spectrum of early serrated lesions in a patient with serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS).Hered Cancer Clin Pract. 2017 Nov 29;15:22. doi: 10.1186/s13053-017-0082-9. eCollection 2017.
48	The antimicrobial protein short palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone 1 (SPLUNC1) is differentially modulated in eosinophilic and noneosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 Feb;133(2):420-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.09.052. Epub 2013 Dec 15.
49	Calretinin and CD34 immunoreactivity of the endometrial stroma in normal endometrium and change of the immunoreactivity in dysfunctional uterine bleeding with evidence of 'disordered endometrial stroma'.Pathology. 2008 Aug;40(5):493-9. doi: 10.1080/00313020802197897.
50	Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of uterine adenomyomatous polyps.Hum Pathol. 2019 Feb;84:239-245. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.10.002. Epub 2018 Oct 16.
51	Hemokinin-1 stimulates C-C motif chemokine ligand 24 production in macrophages to enhance eosinophilic inflammation in nasal polyps.Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2019 Nov;9(11):1334-1345. doi: 10.1002/alr.22430. Epub 2019 Sep 23.
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54	Stromal iodothyronine deiodinase 2 (DIO2) promotes the growth of intestinal tumors in Apc(716) mutant mice.Cancer Sci. 2019 Aug;110(8):2520-2528. doi: 10.1111/cas.14100. Epub 2019 Jul 7.
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62	Wnt signaling may be activated in a subset of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome polyps closely correlating to LKB1 expression.Oncol Rep. 2010 Jun;23(6):1569-76. doi: 10.3892/or_00000797.
63	Expression and location of IL-17A, E, F and their receptors in colorectal adenocarcinoma: Comparison with benign intestinal disease.Pathol Res Pract. 2018 Apr;214(4):482-491. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.03.011. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
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65	Loss of microfibril-associated protein 5 (MFAP5) expression in colon cancer stroma.Virchows Arch. 2020 Mar;476(3):383-390. doi: 10.1007/s00428-019-02649-y. Epub 2019 Aug 18.
66	Iranian Voice Quality of Life Profile (IVQLP): Factor Analysis.J Voice. 2017 Sep;31(5):576-582. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.01.001. Epub 2017 Feb 9.
67	Clinicopathological factors associated with BRAF-V600E mutation in colorectal serrated adenomas.Histopathology. 2019 Aug;75(2):160-173. doi: 10.1111/his.13846. Epub 2019 May 16.
68	Detection of nasal microbiota in pediatric patients with antrochoanal polyps by TLDA.Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Mar;130:109811. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109811. Epub 2019 Dec 5.
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75	Increased serum amyloid A in nasal polyps is associated with systemic corticosteroid insensitivity in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a pilot study.Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Feb;275(2):401-408. doi: 10.1007/s00405-017-4809-z. Epub 2017 Nov 25.
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77	Diagnostic Assessment of septin9 DNA Methylation for Colorectal Cancer Using Blood Detection: A Meta-Analysis.Pathol Oncol Res. 2019 Oct;25(4):1525-1534. doi: 10.1007/s12253-018-0559-5. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
78	Epithelial genes in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps.Am J Rhinol. 2008 May-Jun;22(3):228-34. doi: 10.2500/ajr.2008.22.3162.
79	A Phase IIa Trial of Metformin for Colorectal Cancer Risk Reduction among Individuals with History of Colorectal Adenomas and Elevated Body Mass Index.Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2020 Feb;13(2):203-212. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-18-0262. Epub 2019 Dec 9.
80	Impact of bitter taste receptor phenotype upon clinical presentation in chronic rhinosinusitis.Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2018 Sep;8(9):1013-1020. doi: 10.1002/alr.22138. Epub 2018 Jul 4.
81	Hyperplastic polyps: a cell lineage which both synthesizes and secretes trefoil-peptides and has phenotypic similarity with the ulcer-associated cell lineage.Am J Pathol. 1993 Mar;142(3):663-8.
82	Increased accumulation of CD30 ligand-positive mast cells associates with eosinophilic inflammation in nasal polyps.Laryngoscope. 2019 Mar;129(3):E110-E117. doi: 10.1002/lary.27658. Epub 2018 Dec 20.
83	Interleukin-17A promotes MUC5AC expression and goblet cell hyperplasia in nasal polyps via the Act1-mediated pathway.PLoS One. 2014 Jun 3;9(6):e98915. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098915. eCollection 2014.