General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OT6B22JB)

DOT Name Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9)
Synonyms 20 kDa myosin light chain; LC20; MLC-2C; Myosin RLC; Myosin regulatory light chain 2, smooth muscle isoform; Myosin regulatory light chain 9; Myosin regulatory light chain MRLC1
Gene Name MYL9
Related Disease
Bone osteosarcoma ( )
Cardiomyopathy ( )
Cerebral edema ( )
Clear cell renal carcinoma ( )
Endometriosis ( )
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( )
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ( )
Glomerulonephritis ( )
Head and neck cancer ( )
Head and neck carcinoma ( )
Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1 ( )
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ( )
Lung cancer ( )
Lung carcinoma ( )
Malignant soft tissue neoplasm ( )
Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome 4 ( )
Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts ( )
Melanoma ( )
Myopathy ( )
Neoplasm ( )
Non-small-cell lung cancer ( )
Osteosarcoma ( )
Renal cell carcinoma ( )
Sarcoma ( )
Thrombocytopenia ( )
Vascular disease ( )
Colon cancer ( )
Colon carcinoma ( )
Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome ( )
Adult glioblastoma ( )
Glioblastoma multiforme ( )
Prostate cancer ( )
Prostate carcinoma ( )
UniProt ID
MYL9_HUMAN
3D Structure
Download
2D Sequence (FASTA)
Download
3D Structure (PDB)
Download
Pfam ID
PF13499
Sequence
MSSKRAKAKTTKKRPQRATSNVFAMFDQSQIQEFKEAFNMIDQNRDGFIDKEDLHDMLAS
LGKNPTDEYLEGMMSEAPGPINFTMFLTMFGEKLNGTDPEDVIRNAFACFDEEASGFIHE
DHLRELLTTMGDRFTDEEVDEMYREAPIDKKGNFNYVEFTRILKHGAKDKDD
Function
Myosin regulatory subunit that plays an important role in regulation of both smooth muscle and nonmuscle cell contractile activity via its phosphorylation. Implicated in cytokinesis, receptor capping, and cell locomotion. In myoblasts, may regulate PIEZO1-dependent cortical actomyosin assembly involved in myotube formation.
Tissue Specificity Smooth muscle tissues and in some, but not all, nonmuscle cells.
KEGG Pathway
cGMP-PKG sig.ling pathway (hsa04022 )
cAMP sig.ling pathway (hsa04024 )
Vascular smooth muscle contraction (hsa04270 )
Axon guidance (hsa04360 )
Focal adhesion (hsa04510 )
Adherens junction (hsa04520 )
Tight junction (hsa04530 )
Leukocyte transendothelial migration (hsa04670 )
Regulation of actin cytoskeleton (hsa04810 )
Motor proteins (hsa04814 )
Cytoskeleton in muscle cells (hsa04820 )
Oxytocin sig.ling pathway (hsa04921 )
Shigellosis (hsa05131 )
Salmonella infection (hsa05132 )
Reactome Pathway
Sema4D induced cell migration and growth-cone collapse (R-HSA-416572 )
Smooth Muscle Contraction (R-HSA-445355 )
RHO GTPases activate PKNs (R-HSA-5625740 )
RHO GTPases activate CIT (R-HSA-5625900 )
RHO GTPases Activate ROCKs (R-HSA-5627117 )
RHO GTPases activate PAKs (R-HSA-5627123 )
RUNX1 regulates genes involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet function (R-HSA-8936459 )
EPHA-mediated growth cone collapse (R-HSA-3928663 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

33 Disease(s) Related to This DOT
Disease Name Disease ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
Bone osteosarcoma DIST1004 Strong Altered Expression [1]
Cardiomyopathy DISUPZRG Strong Genetic Variation [2]
Cerebral edema DIS4GHSB Strong Biomarker [3]
Clear cell renal carcinoma DISBXRFJ Strong Biomarker [4]
Endometriosis DISX1AG8 Strong Genetic Variation [5]
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma DIS5N2GV Strong Altered Expression [6]
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy DISQ89HN Strong Posttranslational Modification [7]
Glomerulonephritis DISPZIQ3 Strong Biomarker [8]
Head and neck cancer DISBPSQZ Strong Biomarker [9]
Head and neck carcinoma DISOU1DS Strong Biomarker [9]
Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1 DISU411W Strong Genetic Variation [2]
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy DISQG2AI Strong Genetic Variation [10]
Lung cancer DISCM4YA Strong Altered Expression [11]
Lung carcinoma DISTR26C Strong Altered Expression [11]
Malignant soft tissue neoplasm DISTC6NO Strong Altered Expression [1]
Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome 4 DISEPQKJ Strong Autosomal recessive [12]
Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts DISK9A1M Strong Genetic Variation [13]
Melanoma DIS1RRCY Strong Altered Expression [14]
Myopathy DISOWG27 Strong Genetic Variation [10]
Neoplasm DISZKGEW Strong Altered Expression [6]
Non-small-cell lung cancer DIS5Y6R9 Strong Altered Expression [11]
Osteosarcoma DISLQ7E2 Strong Altered Expression [1]
Renal cell carcinoma DISQZ2X8 Strong Biomarker [4]
Sarcoma DISZDG3U Strong Altered Expression [1]
Thrombocytopenia DISU61YW Strong Biomarker [15]
Vascular disease DISVS67S Strong Biomarker [16]
Colon cancer DISVC52G moderate Altered Expression [17]
Colon carcinoma DISJYKUO moderate Altered Expression [17]
Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome DIS9KV47 Disputed Biomarker [18]
Adult glioblastoma DISVP4LU Limited Biomarker [19]
Glioblastoma multiforme DISK8246 Limited Biomarker [19]
Prostate cancer DISF190Y Limited Altered Expression [20]
Prostate carcinoma DISMJPLE Limited Altered Expression [20]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 33 Disease(s)
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DOT
This DOT Affected the Drug Response of 1 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Approved Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9) affects the response to substance of Fluorouracil. [43]
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21 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Valproate DMCFE9I Approved Valproate increases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [21]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Approved Ciclosporin increases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [22]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Approved Acetaminophen increases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [23]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Approved Quercetin increases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [22]
Temozolomide DMKECZD Approved Temozolomide decreases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [25]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Approved Calcitriol increases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [26]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Approved Testosterone increases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [26]
Triclosan DMZUR4N Approved Triclosan decreases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [27]
Carbamazepine DMZOLBI Approved Carbamazepine affects the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [28]
Progesterone DMUY35B Approved Progesterone decreases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [29]
Urethane DM7NSI0 Phase 4 Urethane decreases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [30]
SNDX-275 DMH7W9X Phase 3 SNDX-275 increases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [31]
Tocopherol DMBIJZ6 Phase 2 Tocopherol increases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [32]
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 Phase 1 Benzo(a)pyrene increases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [33]
(+)-JQ1 DM1CZSJ Phase 1 (+)-JQ1 decreases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [34]
Leflunomide DMR8ONJ Phase 1 Trial Leflunomide increases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [35]
Bisphenol A DM2ZLD7 Investigative Bisphenol A decreases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [36]
Milchsaure DM462BT Investigative Milchsaure increases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [37]
QUERCITRIN DM1DH96 Investigative QUERCITRIN affects the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [38]
Microcystin-LR DMTMLRN Investigative Microcystin-LR decreases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [39]
PD98059 DMZC90M Investigative PD98059 decreases the expression of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [40]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 21 Drug(s)
3 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Arsenic DMTL2Y1 Approved Arsenic affects the methylation of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [24]
LPA DMI5XR1 Investigative LPA increases the phosphorylation of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [41]
RGD DMFASRB Investigative RGD affects the phosphorylation of Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (MYL9). [42]
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References

1 Human smooth muscle myosin light chain-2 gene expression is repressed in ras transformed fibroblast cells.Cell Growth Differ. 1992 Jan;3(1):1-10.
2 In vitro rescue study of a malignant familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy phenotype by pseudo-phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain.Arch Biochem Biophys. 2014 Jun 15;552-553:29-39. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2013.12.011. Epub 2013 Dec 26.
3 Inhibition of the myosin light chain kinase prevents hypoxia-induced blood-brain barrier disruption.J Neurochem. 2007 Jul;102(2):501-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04506.x. Epub 2007 Apr 10.
4 Identification of novel VHL target genes and relationship to hypoxic response pathways.Oncogene. 2005 Jun 30;24(28):4549-58. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208649.
5 Identification of biomarkers for endometriosis in eutopic endometrial cells from patients with endometriosis using a proteomics approach.Mol Med Rep. 2013 Jul;8(1):183-8. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1469. Epub 2013 May 10.
6 Expression and prognostic significance of MYL9 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.PLoS One. 2017 Apr 7;12(4):e0175280. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175280. eCollection 2017.
7 Therapeutic potential of AAV9-S15D-RLC gene delivery in humanized MYL2 mouse model of HCM.J Mol Med (Berl). 2019 Jul;97(7):1033-1047. doi: 10.1007/s00109-019-01791-z. Epub 2019 May 17.
8 Overexpression of interferon-activated gene 202 (Ifi202) correlates with the progression of autoimmune glomerulonephritis associated with the MRL chromosome 1.Lupus. 2010 Jul;19(8):897-905. doi: 10.1177/0961203310362534. Epub 2010 Feb 18.
9 Automatic replanning of VMAT plans for different treatment machines: Atemplate-based approach using constrained optimization.Strahlenther Onkol. 2018 Oct;194(10):921-928. doi: 10.1007/s00066-018-1319-x. Epub 2018 May 30.
10 Slow-twitch skeletal muscle defects accompany cardiac dysfunction in transgenic mice with a mutation in the myosin regulatory light chain.FASEB J. 2019 Mar;33(3):3152-3166. doi: 10.1096/fj.201801402R. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
11 MYLK and MYL9 expression in non-small cell lung cancer identified by bioinformatics analysis of public expression data.Tumour Biol. 2014 Dec;35(12):12189-200. doi: 10.1007/s13277-014-2527-3. Epub 2014 Sep 2.
12 Visceral myopathy: Clinical and molecular survey of a cohort of seven new patients and state of the art of overlapping phenotypes. Am J Med Genet A. 2016 Nov;170(11):2965-2974. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37857. Epub 2016 Aug 2.
13 Leukoencephalopathy associated with 11q24 deletion involving the gene encoding hepatic and glial cell adhesion molecule in two patients.Eur J Med Genet. 2015 Sep;58(9):492-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2015.06.008. Epub 2015 Jul 17.
14 Characterization of morphological changes of B16 melanoma cells under natural killer cell attack.Int Immunopharmacol. 2019 Feb;67:366-371. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.12.037. Epub 2018 Dec 21.
15 Regulation of platelet myosin light chain (MYL9) by RUNX1: implications for thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction in RUNX1 haplodeficiency.Blood. 2010 Dec 23;116(26):6037-45. doi: 10.1182/blood-2010-06-289850. Epub 2010 Sep 27.
16 Regulation of myosin light chain kinase expression by angiotensin II in hypertension.Am J Hypertens. 2008 Aug;21(8):860-5. doi: 10.1038/ajh.2008.199. Epub 2008 May 29.
17 Long non-coding RNA MBNL1-AS1 regulates proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer stem cells in colon cancer by interacting with MYL9 via sponging microRNA-412-3p.Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2020 Feb;44(1):101-114. doi: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.05.001. Epub 2019 Jun 26.
18 Homozygous deletion in MYL9 expands the molecular basis of megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome.Eur J Hum Genet. 2018 May;26(5):669-675. doi: 10.1038/s41431-017-0055-5. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
19 Expression pattern and prognostic significance of myosin light chain 9 (MYL9): a novel biomarker in glioblastoma.J Clin Pathol. 2019 Oct;72(10):677-681. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2019-205834. Epub 2019 Jul 3.
20 Decreased expression of myosin light chain MYL9 in stroma predicts malignant progression and poor biochemical recurrence-free survival in prostate cancer.Med Oncol. 2014 Jan;31(1):820. doi: 10.1007/s12032-013-0820-4. Epub 2013 Dec 14.
21 Human embryonic stem cell-derived test systems for developmental neurotoxicity: a transcriptomics approach. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Jan;87(1):123-43.
22 Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
23 Gene expression analysis of precision-cut human liver slices indicates stable expression of ADME-Tox related genes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 May 15;253(1):57-69.
24 Prenatal arsenic exposure and the epigenome: identifying sites of 5-methylcytosine alterations that predict functional changes in gene expression in newborn cord blood and subsequent birth outcomes. Toxicol Sci. 2015 Jan;143(1):97-106. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu210. Epub 2014 Oct 10.
25 Temozolomide induces activation of Wnt/-catenin signaling in glioma cells via PI3K/Akt pathway: implications in glioma therapy. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2020 Jun;36(3):273-278. doi: 10.1007/s10565-019-09502-7. Epub 2019 Nov 22.
26 Effects of 1alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and testosterone on miRNA and mRNA expression in LNCaP cells. Mol Cancer. 2011 May 18;10:58.
27 Transcriptome and DNA methylome dynamics during triclosan-induced cardiomyocyte differentiation toxicity. Stem Cells Int. 2018 Oct 29;2018:8608327.
28 Gene Expression Regulation and Pathway Analysis After Valproic Acid and Carbamazepine Exposure in a Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Based Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Assay. Toxicol Sci. 2015 Aug;146(2):311-20. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv094. Epub 2015 May 15.
29 Gene expression in endometrial cancer cells (Ishikawa) after short time high dose exposure to progesterone. Steroids. 2008 Jan;73(1):116-28.
30 Ethyl carbamate induces cell death through its effects on multiple metabolic pathways. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Nov 1;277:21-32.
31 Definition of transcriptome-based indices for quantitative characterization of chemically disturbed stem cell development: introduction of the STOP-Toxukn and STOP-Toxukk tests. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Feb;91(2):839-864.
32 Selenium and vitamin E: cell type- and intervention-specific tissue effects in prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Mar 4;101(5):306-20.
33 Genome-wide transcriptional and functional analysis of human T lymphocytes treated with benzo[alpha]pyrene. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Nov 17;19(11).
34 Inhibition of BRD4 attenuates tumor cell self-renewal and suppresses stem cell signaling in MYC driven medulloblastoma. Oncotarget. 2014 May 15;5(9):2355-71.
35 Endoplasmic reticulum stress and MAPK signaling pathway activation underlie leflunomide-induced toxicity in HepG2 Cells. Toxicology. 2017 Dec 1;392:11-21.
36 Environmental pollutant induced cellular injury is reflected in exosomes from placental explants. Placenta. 2020 Jan 1;89:42-49. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.10.008. Epub 2019 Oct 17.
37 Transcriptional profiling of lactic acid treated reconstructed human epidermis reveals pathways underlying stinging and itch. Toxicol In Vitro. 2019 Jun;57:164-173.
38 Molecular mechanisms of quercitrin-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Arch Med Res. 2014 Aug;45(6):445-54.
39 Microcystin-leucine arginine exhibits adverse effects on human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro. 2022 Oct;84:105450. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105450. Epub 2022 Jul 26.
40 Myosin light-chain kinase contributes to the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells through cross-talk with activated ERK1/2. Cancer Lett. 2008 Nov 8;270(2):312-27. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.05.028. Epub 2008 Aug 16.
41 Use of synthetic isoprenoids to target protein prenylation and Rho GTPases in breast cancer invasion. PLoS One. 2014 Feb 26;9(2):e89892. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089892. eCollection 2014.
42 Amniogenesis in Human Amniotic Sac Embryoids after Exposures to Organophosphate Flame Retardants. Environ Health Perspect. 2023 Apr;131(4):47007. doi: 10.1289/EHP11958. Epub 2023 Apr 7.
43 Gene expression profiling of 30 cancer cell lines predicts resistance towards 11 anticancer drugs at clinically achieved concentrations. Int J Cancer. 2006 Apr 1;118(7):1699-712. doi: 10.1002/ijc.21570.