Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMM7CHK)

Drug Name

Trimethoprim

Synonyms

Abaprim; Alprim; Anitrim; Antrima; Antrimox; Bacdan; Bacidal; Bacide; Bacin; Bacta; Bacterial; Bacticel; Bactin; Bactoprim; Bactramin; Bencole; Bethaprim; Biosulten; Briscotrim; Chemotrin; Cidal; Colizole; Conprim; Cotrimel; Deprim; Duocide; Esbesul; Espectrin; Euctrim; Exbesul; Fermagex; Fortrim; Futin; Idotrim; Ikaprim; Instalac; Kombinax; Lagatrim; Lastrim; Methoprim; Metoprim; Monoprim; Monotrim; Monotrimin; Novotrimel; Omstat; Oraprim; Pancidim; Polytrim; Priloprim; Primosept; Primsol; Proloprim; Protrin; Purbal; Resprim; Roubac; Roubal; Salvatrim; Setprin; Sinotrim; Stopan; Streptoplus; Sugaprim; Sulfamar; Sulfamethoprim; Sulfoxaprim; Sulmeprim; Sulthrim; Sultrex; Syraprim; Tiempe; Toprim; Trimanyl; Trimethioprim; Trimethoprime; Trimethoprimum; Trimethopriom; Trimetoprim; Trimetoprima; Trimexazole; Trimexol; Trimezol; Trimogal; Trimono; Trimopan; Trimpex; Triprim; Trisul; Trisulcom; Trisulfam; Trisural; Uretrim; Urobactrim; Utetrin; Velaten; Wellcoprim; Wellcoprin; Xeroprim; Zamboprim; Bacterial [Antibiotic]; Colizole DS; Component of Bactrim; Component of Septra; Lagatrim Forte; ResprimForte; Septrin DS; Septrin Forte; Septrin S; Trimetoprim [DCIT]; Trimetoprim [Polish]; BW 5672; KUC103659N; NIH 204; T 7883; Trimpex 200; WR 5949; Alcorim-F; Apo-Sulfatrim; BW 56-72; Co-Trimoxizole; Monotrim (TN); NIH 204 (VAN); Proloprim (TN); Smz-Tmp; Sulfamethoxazole & Trimethoprim; TCMDC-125538; Tmp-Ratiopharm; Trimeth/Sulfa; Trimethopim(TMP); Trimethoprim & VRC3375; Trimethoprime [INN-French]; Trimethoprimum [INN-Latin]; Trimetoprima [INN-Spanish]; Trimez-IFSA; Trimpex (TN); Triprim (TN); U-Prin; Uro-D S; BW-56-72; KSC-4-158; AZT + TMP/SMX (mixture) combination; Trimethoprim (JAN/USP/INN); Trimethoprim [USAN:BAN:INN:JAN]

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Acute otitis media	AB00	Approved	[1]
Bacillary dysentery	1A02	Approved	[1]
Blepharoconjunctivitis	N.A.	Approved	[1]
Pneumocystis pneumonia	CA40.20	Approved	[1]
Tuberculosis	1B10-1B14	Approved	[1]
Urinary tract infection	GC08	Approved	[2]
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Therapeutic Class

Antiinfective Agents

Drug Type

Small molecular drug

Structure

3D MOL

2D MOL

#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0

Molecular Weight (mw)

290.32

Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp)

0.9

Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds)

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor)

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc)

ADMET Property

Absorption Cmax: The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of drug is 1 mg/L [3]
Absorption Tmax: The time to maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) is 1-4 h [3]
BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 3: high solubility and low permeability [4]
Bioavailability: 98% of drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s) [5]
Clearance: The renal clearance of drug is 51.7-91.3 mL/min [3]
Elimination: Approximately 10-20% of an ingested trimethoprim dose is metabolized, primarily in the liver, while a large portion of the remainder is excreted unchanged in the urine [6]
Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 8 - 10 hours [7]
Metabolism: The drug is metabolized via oxidative metabolism to a number of metabolites, the most abundant of which are the demethylated 3'- and 4'- metabolites [8]
MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 15.7461 micromolar/kg/day [9]
Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.5% [10]
Vd: Fluid volume that would be required to contain the amount of drug present in the body at the same concentration as in the plasma 1.5 L/kg [10]
Water Solubility: The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 1.37 mg/mL [4]

Chemical Identifiers

Formula: C14H18N4O3
IUPAC Name: 5-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]pyrimidine-2,4-diamine
Canonical SMILES: COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)CC2=CN=C(N=C2N)N
InChI: InChI=1S/C14H18N4O3/c1-19-10-5-8(6-11(20-2)12(10)21-3)4-9-7-17-14(16)18-13(9)15/h5-7H,4H2,1-3H3,(H4,15,16,17,18)
InChIKey: IEDVJHCEMCRBQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Cross-matching ID

PubChem CID: 5578
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:45924
CAS Number: 738-70-5
DrugBank ID: DB00440
TTD ID: D0AO5H
VARIDT ID: DR00590
INTEDE ID: DR1648
ACDINA ID: D00707

Combinatorial Drugs (CBD)

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Repurposed Drugs (RPD)

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Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)	TTYZVDJ	DYR_HUMAN	Modulator	[11]

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Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1)	DTT79CX	S22A1_HUMAN	Substrate	[12]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]

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Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)_{Main DME}	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Substrate	[14]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)_{Main DME}	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Substrate	[15]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DES5XRU	CP2C8_HUMAN	Substrate	[16]

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Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	OTLLBX48	CP1A2_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[17]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain (CD74)	OTO16X4Q	HG2A_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[18]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain (HLA-DOB)	OTKADDUB	DOB_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[18]
Solute carrier family 22 member 3 (SLC22A3)	OTQYGVXX	S22A3_HUMAN	Regulation of Drug Effects	[19]

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Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

MIA Detail

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Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Same Disease as Trimethoprim

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Disease	REF
Plazomicin	DMKMBES	Moderate	Increased risk of nephrotoxicity by the combination of Trimethoprim and Plazomicin.	Urinary tract infection [GC08]	[20]
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Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Trimethoprim (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Repaglinide	DM5SXUV	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Repaglinide mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Acute diabete complication [5A2Y]	[21]
Pioglitazone	DMKJ485	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Pioglitazone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Acute diabete complication [5A2Y]	[22]
Bedaquiline	DM3906J	Minor	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Trimethoprim and Bedaquiline.	Antimicrobial drug resistance [MG50-MG52]	[23]
Montelukast	DMD157S	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Montelukast mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Asthma [CA23]	[24]
Tucatinib	DMBESUA	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Tucatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[25]
Anisindione	DM2C48U	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Trimethoprim and Anisindione.	Coagulation defect [3B10]	[26]
Drospirenone	DM1A9W3	Moderate	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Drospirenone.	Contraceptive management [QA21]	[27]
Lumacaftor	DMCLWDJ	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Lumacaftor mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Cystic fibrosis [CA25]	[28]
Primidone	DM0WX6I	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Primidone mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[28]
Mephenytoin	DM5UGDK	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Mephenytoin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[29]
Fosphenytoin	DMOX3LB	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Fosphenytoin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[30]
Ethotoin	DMXWOCP	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Ethotoin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[29]
Phenobarbital	DMXZOCG	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Phenobarbital mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[28]
Carbamazepine	DMZOLBI	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Carbamazepine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[28]
Eplerenone	DMF0NQR	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Eplerenone.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[31]
Amiloride	DMRTSGP	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Amiloride.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[31]
Rifapentine	DMCHV4I	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Rifapentine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis [1B10-1B14]	[28]
Efavirenz	DMC0GSJ	Minor	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Trimethoprim and Efavirenz.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[23]
Eprosartan	DM07K2I	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Eprosartan.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Moexipril	DM26E4B	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Moexipril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Captopril	DM458UM	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Captopril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Trandolapril	DM4L6EU	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Trandolapril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Losartan	DM72JXH	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Losartan.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Fosinopril	DM9NJ52	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Fosinopril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
TAK-491	DMCF6SX	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and TAK-491.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Pindolol	DMD2NV7	Minor	Decreased renal excretion of Trimethoprim caused by Pindolol.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[32]
Benazepril	DMH1M9B	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Benazepril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Enalapril	DMNFUZR	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Enalapril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Perindopril	DMOPZDT	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Perindopril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Quinapril	DMR8H31	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Quinapril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Telmisartan	DMS3GX2	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Telmisartan.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Irbesartan	DMTP1DC	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Irbesartan.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Lisinopril	DMUOK4C	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Lisinopril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[31]
Potassium chloride	DMMTAJC	Major	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Potassium chloride.	Hypo-kalaemia [5C77]	[31]
Tolvaptan	DMIWFRL	Moderate	Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Trimethoprim and Tolvaptan.	Hypo-osmolality/hyponatraemia [5C72]	[33]
Givosiran	DM5PFIJ	Moderate	Increased risk of nephrotoxicity by the combination of Trimethoprim and Givosiran.	Inborn porphyrin/heme metabolism error [5C58]	[20]
Porfimer Sodium	DM7ZWNY	Moderate	Increased risk of photosensitivity reactions by the combination of Trimethoprim and Porfimer Sodium.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[34]
Mercaptopurine	DMTM2IK	Moderate	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Trimethoprim and Mercaptopurine.	Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85]	[35]
Arry-162	DM1P6FR	Moderate	Decreased clearance of Trimethoprim due to the transporter inhibition by Arry-162.	Melanoma [2C30]	[20]
Enzalutamide	DMGL19D	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Enzalutamide mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Prostate cancer [2C82]	[28]
Selexipag	DMAHSU0	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Selexipag mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Pulmonary hypertension [BB01]	[36]
Vardenafil	DMTBGW8	Minor	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Trimethoprim and Vardenafil.	Sexual dysfunction [HA00-HA01]	[23]
Taxol	DMUOT9V	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Trimethoprim caused by Taxol mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[37]
Warfarin	DMJYCVW	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Trimethoprim and Warfarin.	Supraventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC81]	[26]
Lusutrombopag	DMH6IKO	Moderate	Decreased clearance of Trimethoprim due to the transporter inhibition by Lusutrombopag.	Thrombocytopenia [3B64]	[38]
Azathioprine	DMMZSXQ	Moderate	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Trimethoprim and Azathioprine.	Transplant rejection [NE84]	[35]
Tacrolimus	DMZ7XNQ	Moderate	Increased risk of nephrotoxicity by the combination of Trimethoprim and Tacrolimus.	Transplant rejection [NE84]	[20]
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Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG

DIG Name	DIG ID	PubChem CID	Functional Classification
Sodium lauryl sulfate	E00464	3423265	Emulsifying agent; Modified-release agent; Penetration agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; lubricant
Stearic acid	E00079	5281	Emulsifying agent; Solubilizing agent; Viscosity-controlling agent; lubricant
Beta-D-lactose	E00099	6134	Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Brushite	E00392	104805	Diluent
Lactose monohydrate	E00393	104938	Binding agent; Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Magnesium stearate	E00208	11177	lubricant
Silicon dioxide	E00670	Not Available	Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Water	E00035	962	Solvent
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⏷ Show the Full List of 8 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug

Pharmaceutical Formulation

Formulation Name	Drug Dosage	Dosage Form	Route
Trimethoprim 100 mg tablet	100 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral

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References

1	Trimethoprim FDA Label
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4	BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs
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6	FDA Approved Drug Products: Trimethoprim oral tablets
7	Health Canada Product Monograph: Trimethoprim oral tablets
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