Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DM9NJ52)

Drug Name
Fosinopril
Synonyms
Acecor; Fosenopril; Monopril; Staril; FOSINOPRIL SODIUM; Fosinopril (INN); Fosinopril [INN:BAN]; Monopril (TN); SQ-28555; SQ-28,555; Fosinopril, (1(S*(R*)),2 alpha,4 beta)-Isomer; (2S,4S)-4-cyclohexyl-1-[2-[(2-methyl-1-propanoyloxypropoxy)-(4-phenylbutyl)phosphoryl]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid; (2S,4S)-4-cyclohexyl-1-[2-[[(1S)-2-methyl-1-propanoyloxypropoxy]-(4-phenylbutyl)phosphoryl]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid; (2S,4S)-4-cyclohexyl-1-{2-[(2-methyl-1-propionyloxy-propoxy)-(4-phenyl-butyl)-phosphinoyl]-acetyl}-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid; (4S)-4-cyclohexyl-1-({[2-methyl-1-(propanoyloxy)propoxy](4-phenylbutyl)phosphoryl}acetyl)-L-proline; (4S)-4-cyclohexyl-1-{[{[2-methyl-1-(propanoyloxy)propyl]oxy}(4-phenylbutyl)phosphoryl]acetyl}-L-proline; 4-cyclohexyl-1-[2-[(2-methyl-1-propanoyloxypropoxy)-(4-phenylbutyl)phosphoryl]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [1]
Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [2]
Malignant essential hypertension BA00 Approved [1]
Therapeutic Class
Antihypertensive Agents
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Structure
3D MOL is unavailable 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 3 Molecular Weight (mw) 563.7
Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp) 6.2
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 15
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 7
ADMET Property
BDDCS Class
Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 2: low solubility and high permeability [3]
Clearance
The clearance of drug is 26-39 mL/min in healthy subjects []
Elimination
0% of drug is excreted from urine in the unchanged form [3]
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 12 hours [4]
MRTD
The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 2.35951 micromolar/kg/day [5]
Water Solubility
The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 0.022 mg/mL [3]
Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)
ADR Term Variation Related DOT DOT ID REF
Blood pressure decreased Not Available ACE OTDF1964 [6]
Cough Not Available BDKRB2 OTOA9D3W [6]
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C30H46NO7P
IUPAC Name
(2S,4S)-4-cyclohexyl-1-[2-[(2-methyl-1-propanoyloxypropoxy)-(4-phenylbutyl)phosphoryl]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Canonical SMILES
CCC(=O)OC(C(C)C)OP(=O)(CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1)CC(=O)N2C[C@@H](C[C@H]2C(=O)O)C3CCCCC3
InChI
InChI=1S/C30H46NO7P/c1-4-28(33)37-30(22(2)3)38-39(36,18-12-11-15-23-13-7-5-8-14-23)21-27(32)31-20-25(19-26(31)29(34)35)24-16-9-6-10-17-24/h5,7-8,13-14,22,24-26,30H,4,6,9-12,15-21H2,1-3H3,(H,34,35)/t25-,26+,30?,39?/m1/s1
InChIKey
BIDNLKIUORFRQP-FKDWWROVSA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
55891
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:5163
CAS Number
98048-97-6
DrugBank ID
DB00492
TTD ID
D0X8KY
VARIDT ID
DR00701
ACDINA ID
D00293
Combinatorial Drugs (CBD) Click to Jump to the Detailed CBD Information of This Drug
Repurposed Drugs (RPD) Click to Jump to the Detailed RPD Information of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) TTL69WB ACE_HUMAN Inhibitor [7]

Drug Transporter (DTP)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Peptide transporter 2 (SLC15A2) DT8QKNP S15A2_HUMAN Substrate [8]
Peptide transporter 1 (SLC15A1) DT9G7XN S15A1_HUMAN Substrate [9]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) OTDF1964 ACE_HUMAN Drug Response [6]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 2 (ABCC2) OTJSIGV5 MRP2_HUMAN Drug Response [10]
B2 bradykinin receptor (BDKRB2) OTOA9D3W BKRB2_HUMAN Drug Response [6]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1) OTGUN89S MRP1_HUMAN Drug Response [10]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

The Studied Disease Chronic heart failure
ICD Disease Classification BD1Z
Molecule Name Molecule Type Gene Name p-value Fold-Change Z-score
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) DTT SLC33A1 2.62E-01 -0.01 -0.06
Peptide transporter 1 (SLC15A1) DTP PEPT1 6.91E-01 8.30E-03 7.24E-02
Peptide transporter 2 (SLC15A2) DTP PEPT2 8.33E-02 -3.63E-02 -1.27E-01
Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Same Disease as Fosinopril
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Disease REF
Eprosartan DM07K2I Major Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Eprosartan. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [11]
Aliskiren DM1BV7W Major Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Aliskiren. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [12]
Losartan DM72JXH Major Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Losartan. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [11]
TAK-491 DMCF6SX Major Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and TAK-491. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [11]
Indapamide DMGN1PW Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Indapamide. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [13]
Trichlormethiazide DMHAQCO Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Trichlormethiazide. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [13]
Telmisartan DMS3GX2 Major Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Telmisartan. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [11]
Irbesartan DMTP1DC Major Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Irbesartan. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [11]
Hydrochlorothiazide DMUSZHD Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Hydrochlorothiazide. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [13]
⏷ Show the Full List of 9 DDI Information of This Drug
Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Fosinopril (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Remdesivir DMBFZ6L Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Remdesivir. 1D6YCoronavirus Disease 2019 [1D6YCoronavirus Disease 2019] [14]
Sodium bicarbonate DMMU6BJ Minor Decreased absorption of Fosinopril due to altered gastric pH caused by Sodium bicarbonate. Acidosis [5C73] [15]
Repaglinide DM5SXUV Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Repaglinide. Acute diabete complication [5A2Y] [16]
Glibenclamide DM8JXPZ Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Glibenclamide. Acute diabete complication [5A2Y] [16]
Nateglinide DMLK2QH Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Nateglinide. Acute diabete complication [5A2Y] [16]
Insulin-glulisine DMQI0FU Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Insulin-glulisine. Acute diabete complication [5A2Y] [16]
Insulin-aspart DMX7V28 Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Insulin-aspart. Acute diabete complication [5A2Y] [17]
Glipizide DMZA5PQ Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Glipizide. Acute diabete complication [5A2Y] [16]
Isosorbide dinitrate DMBI4JG Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Isosorbide dinitrate. Anal fissure/fistula [DB50] [18]
Bedaquiline DM3906J Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Bedaquiline. Antimicrobial drug resistance [MG50-MG52] [19]
Linezolid DMGFPU2 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Linezolid. Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z] [20]
Cariprazine DMJYDVK Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Cariprazine. Bipolar disorder [6A60] [21]
Pexidartinib DMS2J0Z Major Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Pexidartinib. Bone/articular cartilage neoplasm [2F7B] [22]
Mannitol DMSCDY9 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Mannitol. Bronchiectasis [CA24] [13]
Olopatadine DMKMWQG Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Olopatadine. Conjunctiva disorder [9A60] [23]
Drospirenone DM1A9W3 Moderate Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Drospirenone. Contraceptive management [QA21] [24]
Ardeparin DMYRX8B Moderate Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Ardeparin. Coronary thrombosis [BA43] [11]
Selegiline DM6034S Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Selegiline. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [20]
Isocarboxazid DMAF1NB Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Isocarboxazid. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [20]
Tranylcypromine DMGB5RE Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Tranylcypromine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [20]
OPC-34712 DMHG57U Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and OPC-34712. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [21]
Phenelzine DMHIDUE Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Phenelzine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [20]
Nitroglycerin DMQ2491 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Nitroglycerin. Diabetic foot ulcer [BD54] [18]
SODIUM CITRATE DMHPD2Y Minor Decreased absorption of Fosinopril due to altered gastric pH caused by SODIUM CITRATE. Discovery agent [N.A.] [15]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Cannabidiol. Epileptic encephalopathy [8A62] [25]
Ethacrynic acid DM60QMR Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Ethacrynic acid. Essential hypertension [BA00] [26]
Phenoxybenzamine DM8KSQH Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Phenoxybenzamine. Essential hypertension [BA00] [27]
Benzthiazide DMQWZ0H Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Benzthiazide. Essential hypertension [BA00] [13]
Acetazolamide DM1AF5U Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Acetazolamide. Glaucoma [9C61] [13]
Methazolamide DM7J2TA Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Methazolamide. Glaucoma [9C61] [13]
Dichlorphenamide DMH7IDQ Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Dichlorphenamide. Glaucoma [9C61] [26]
Eplerenone DMF0NQR Moderate Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Eplerenone. Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z] [28]
Chlorothiazide DMLHESP Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Chlorothiazide. Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z] [13]
Furosemide DMMQ8ZG Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Furosemide. Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z] [13]
Amiloride DMRTSGP Major Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Amiloride. Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z] [29]
Bumetanide DMRV7H0 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Bumetanide. Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z] [13]
Hydroflumethiazide DMVPUQI Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Hydroflumethiazide. Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z] [13]
Procarbazine DMIK367 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Procarbazine. Hodgkin lymphoma [2B30] [20]
Brentuximab vedotin DMWLC57 Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Brentuximab vedotin. Hodgkin lymphoma [2B30] [30]
Efavirenz DMC0GSJ Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Efavirenz. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [31]
Didanosine DMI2QPE Minor Decreased absorption of Fosinopril due to altered gastric pH caused by Didanosine. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [15]
Isosorbide mononitrate DMYLMU0 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Isosorbide mononitrate. Hydrocephalus [8D64] [18]
Mipomersen DMGSRN1 Major Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Mipomersen. Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [5C80] [32]
Teriflunomide DMQ2FKJ Major Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Teriflunomide. Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [5C80] [33]
BMS-201038 DMQTAGO Major Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and BMS-201038. Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [5C80] [34]
Potassium chloride DMMTAJC Major Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Potassium chloride. Hypo-kalaemia [5C77] [35]
Tolvaptan DMIWFRL Moderate Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Tolvaptan. Hypo-osmolality/hyponatraemia [5C72] [36]
Propiomazine DMKY8V1 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Propiomazine. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [21]
ITI-007 DMUQ1DO Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and ITI-007. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [21]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Methotrexate. Leukaemia [2A60-2B33] [25]
Porfimer Sodium DM7ZWNY Moderate Increased risk of photosensitivity reactions by the combination of Fosinopril and Porfimer Sodium. Lung cancer [2C25] [37]
Calaspargase pegol DMQZBXI Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Calaspargase pegol. Malignant haematopoietic neoplasm [2B33] [38]
Idelalisib DM602WT Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Idelalisib. Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82] [39]
Clofarabine DMCVJ86 Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Clofarabine. Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85] [40]
Lanthanum carbonate DMMJQSH Moderate Decreased absorption of Fosinopril due to formation of complexes caused by Lanthanum carbonate. Mineral absorption/transport disorder [5C64] [33]
Ozanimod DMT6AM2 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Ozanimod. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [20]
Promethazine DM6I5GR Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Promethazine. Nausea/vomiting [MD90] [21]
Metolazone DMB39LO Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Metolazone. Oedema [MG29] [13]
Polythiazide DMCH80F Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Polythiazide. Oedema [MG29] [13]
Safinamide DM0YWJC Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Safinamide. Parkinsonism [8A00] [20]
Rasagiline DM3WKQ4 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Rasagiline. Parkinsonism [8A00] [20]
Terazosin DM3JCVS Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Terazosin. Prostate hyperplasia [GA90] [27]
Silodosin DMJSBT6 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Silodosin. Prostate hyperplasia [GA90] [27]
Levomepromazine DMIKFEL Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Levomepromazine. Psychotic disorder [6A20-6A25] [21]
Fluphenazine DMIT8LX Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Fluphenazine. Psychotic disorder [6A20-6A25] [21]
Triflupromazine DMKFQJP Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Triflupromazine. Psychotic disorder [6A20-6A25] [21]
Leflunomide DMR8ONJ Major Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Leflunomide. Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20] [33]
Quetiapine DM1N62C Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Quetiapine. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Mesoridazine DM2ZGAN Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Mesoridazine. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Thioridazine DM35M8J Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Thioridazine. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Aripiprazole DM3NUMH Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Aripiprazole. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Iloperidone DM6AUFY Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Iloperidone. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Paliperidone DM7NPJS Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Paliperidone. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Haloperidol DM96SE0 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Haloperidol. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Perphenazine DMA4MRX Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Perphenazine. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Molindone DMAH70G Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Molindone. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Thiothixene DMDINC4 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Thiothixene. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Trifluoperazine DMKBYWI Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Trifluoperazine. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Risperidone DMN6DXL Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Risperidone. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Amisulpride DMSJVAM Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Amisulpride. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Asenapine DMSQZE2 Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Asenapine. Schizophrenia [6A20] [21]
Trabectedin DMG3Y89 Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Trabectedin. Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z] [25]
Naltrexone DMUL45H Moderate Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Fosinopril and Naltrexone. Substance abuse [6C40] [41]
Tacrolimus DMZ7XNQ Moderate Increased risk of hyperkalemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Tacrolimus. Transplant rejection [NE84] [42]
Tolbutamide DM02AWV Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Tolbutamide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus [5A11] [16]
Chlorpropamide DMPHZQE Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Chlorpropamide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus [5A11] [16]
Insulin-detemir DMOA4VW Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Insulin-detemir. Type-1/2 diabete [5A10-5A11] [16]
Insulin degludec DMPL395 Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Fosinopril and Insulin degludec. Type-1/2 diabete [5A10-5A11] [16]
Methdilazine DMAUHQX Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Methdilazine. Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08] [21]
Trimeprazine DMEMV9D Moderate Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Fosinopril and Trimeprazine. Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08] [43]
⏷ Show the Full List of 90 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG
DIG Name DIG ID PubChem CID Functional Classification
Isopropyl alcohol E00070 3776 Antimicrobial preservative; Solvent
Sodium lauryl sulfate E00464 3423265 Emulsifying agent; Modified-release agent; Penetration agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; lubricant
Sodium stearyl fumarate E00545 23665634 lubricant
Beta-D-lactose E00099 6134 Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Crospovidone E00626 Not Available Disintegrant
Glyceryl dibehenate E00537 22477175 Binding agent; Coating agent; Flavoring agent; Modified-release agent; Viscosity-controlling agent; lubricant
Lactose monohydrate E00393 104938 Binding agent; Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Magnesium stearate E00208 11177 lubricant
Povidone E00667 Not Available Binding agent; Coating agent; Disintegrant; Film/membrane-forming agent; Solubilizing agent; Suspending agent
Vinylpyrrolidone E00668 Not Available Binding agent; Coating agent; Disintegrant; Film/membrane-forming agent; Solubilizing agent; Suspending agent
Zinc stearate E00209 11178 lubricant
⏷ Show the Full List of 11 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug
Pharmaceutical Formulation
Formulation Name Drug Dosage Dosage Form Route
Fosinopril 10 mg tablet 10 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Fosinopril 20 mg tablet 20 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Fosinopril 40 mg tablet 40 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

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35 Product Information. K-Dur (potassium chloride). Schering Laboratories, Kenilworth, NJ.
36 Product Information. Samsca (tolvaptan). Otsuka American Pharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD.
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39 Product Information. Zydelig (idelalisib). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
40 Product Information. Clolar (clofarabine). sanofi-aventis, Bridgewater, NJ.
41 Product Information. ReVia (naltrexone). DuPont Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
42 Perazella MA "Drug-induced hyperkalemia: old culprits and new offenders." Am J Med 109 (2000): 307-14. [PMID: 10996582]
43 Product Information. Clozaril (clozapine). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.