General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC2WH9H)

Drug Combination Name
Romidepsin Fludarabine
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Recurrent Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma Phase 1 [1]
Component Drugs Romidepsin   DMT5GNL Fludarabine   DMVRLT7
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Romidepsin
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma 2B01 Approved [2]
Gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor N.A. Approved [3]
Glucagonoma N.A. Approved [3]
Insulinoma 2C10.1 Approved [3]
Lung carcinoid tumor N.A. Approved [3]
Melanoma 2C30 Approved [3]
Primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified N.A. Approved [3]
Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma N.A. Approved [3]
Urethral cancer 2C93 Approved [3]
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma 2A90.C Phase 3 [4]
Renal cell carcinoma 2C90 Phase 3 [2]
Romidepsin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) TT6R7JZ HDAC1_HUMAN Inhibitor [9]
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Romidepsin Interacts with 2 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [10]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (SLCO1B3) DT9C1TS SO1B3_HUMAN Substrate [10]
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Romidepsin Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [11]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Metabolism [12]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) DEPKLMQ CP2B6_HUMAN Metabolism [13]
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Romidepsin Interacts with 41 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1) OTEJROBO MDR1_HUMAN Increases Expression [14]
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 (ABCG2) OTW8V2V1 ABCG2_HUMAN Affects Expression [15]
E3 SUMO-protein ligase CBX4 (CBX4) OT4XVRRF CBX4_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B (TNFRSF10B) OTA1CPBV TR10B_HUMAN Increases Expression [17]
Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BCL2L11) OTNQQWFJ B2L11_HUMAN Increases Expression [18]
Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta (GADD45B) OTL9I7LO GA45B_HUMAN Increases Expression [19]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 17B (STK17B) OT4NYNO8 ST17B_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) OTAPLO1S EGFR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [20]
RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase (RAF1) OT51LSFO RAF1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [20]
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (ERBB2) OTOAUNCK ERBB2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [20]
Retinoblastoma-associated protein (RB1) OTQJUJMZ RB_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [20]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1) OT310QSG PARP1_HUMAN Increases Cleavage [21]
Clusterin (CLU) OTQGG0JM CLUS_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 (CCNB1) OT19S7E5 CCNB1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [20]
Histone H2AX (H2AX) OT18UX57 H2AX_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [8]
Transcription factor JunD (JUND) OTNKACJD JUND_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit (NFKB1) OTNRRD8I NFKB1_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Cyclin-A2 (CCNA2) OTPHHYZJ CCNA2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [20]
NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA) OTFT924M IKBA_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [8]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [8]
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1) OT8H2YY7 AKT1_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [22]
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 (FLT3) OTMSRYMK FLT3_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [8]
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBF1) OTWBRPAI SRBP1_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A) OTQWHCZE CDN1A_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Increases Activity [20]
Caspase-9 (CASP9) OTD4RFFG CASP9_HUMAN Increases Cleavage [21]
Friend leukemia integration 1 transcription factor (FLI1) OT0EV3LX FLI1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [24]
RNA-binding protein EWS (EWSR1) OT7SRHV3 EWS_HUMAN Decreases Expression [24]
DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1 (RAD51) OTNVWGC1 RAD51_HUMAN Decreases Expression [8]
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 (MCL1) OT2YYI1A MCL1_HUMAN Increases Expression [22]
Bcl-2-interacting killer (BIK) OTTH1T3D BIK_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTAN1) OT6VY3A3 SPTN1_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3 (NR1I3) OTS3SGH7 NR1I3_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (BAK1) OTDP6ILW BAK_HUMAN Increases Expression [22]
Histone H3.1t (H3-4) OTY6ITYF H31T_HUMAN Increases Acetylation [25]
Sodium/iodide cotransporter (SLC5A5) OTU7E9G7 SC5A5_HUMAN Increases Expression [26]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 (MAP3K3) OT53LJGW M3K3_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) OTE4EFH8 CP1A1_HUMAN Affects Metabolism [27]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1) OTGUN89S MRP1_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [28]
Transcription factor p65 (RELA) OTUJP9CN TF65_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [21]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 41 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Fludarabine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [5]
Cutaneous melanoma 2C30 Approved [5]
Haematological malignancy 2B33.Y Approved [6]
Hematologic disease 3C0Z Approved [5]
Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma N.A. Approved [5]
Immunodeficiency 4A00-4A85 Approved [5]
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia 2A90.1 Approved [5]
Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [5]
MALT lymphoma N.A. Approved [5]
Multiple sclerosis 8A40 Approved [5]
Myeloproliferative neoplasm 2A20 Approved [5]
Nodal marginal zone lymphoma 2A85.0 Approved [5]
Primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified N.A. Approved [5]
Recurrent adult burkitt lymphoma 2A85.6 Approved [5]
Small intestine lymphoma N.A. Approved [5]
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma N.A. Approved [5]
Systemic lupus erythematosus 4A40.0 Approved [5]
Systemic sclerosis 4A42 Approved [5]
Testicular lymphoma N.A. Approved [5]
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma N.A. Investigative [5]
Colon cancer 2B90.Z Investigative [5]
Gastric cancer 2B72 Investigative [5]
Neuroblastoma 2D11.2 Investigative [5]
Fludarabine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) TTLP57V ADA_HUMAN Inhibitor [32]
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Fludarabine Interacts with 22 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A (TNFRSF10A) OTBPCU2O TR10A_HUMAN Affects Expression [33]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B (TNFRSF10B) OTA1CPBV TR10B_HUMAN Increases Expression [34]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Increases Expression [34]
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) OTHZ1RIA PCNA_HUMAN Increases Expression [35]
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) OTB2QDAV MMP9_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Histone H2AX (H2AX) OT18UX57 H2AX_HUMAN Increases Expression [29]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (FAS) OTP9XG86 TNR6_HUMAN Increases Expression [37]
DNA cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) OTM2DGTK DNMT1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [38]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [30]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [30]
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1) OT8H2YY7 AKT1_HUMAN Increases Activity [39]
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 (MAP2K2) OTUE7Z91 MP2K2_HUMAN Increases Activity [39]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A) OTQWHCZE CDN1A_HUMAN Increases Expression [35]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Increases Activity [37]
Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN (PTEN) OTOWDUNT PTEN_HUMAN Increases Expression [38]
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1) OT4Y9NQI MP2K1_HUMAN Increases Activity [39]
Bcl-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1) OTRC5K9O B2CL1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 (MCL1) OT2YYI1A MCL1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
Caspase-8 (CASP8) OTA8TVI8 CASP8_HUMAN Increases Activity [37]
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) OTADSC03 HIF1A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [30]
Bcl-2-binding component 3, isoforms 3/4 (BBC3) OTUAXDAY BBC3B_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) OTWQN50N GDF15_HUMAN Increases Expression [35]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 22 DOT(s)

References

1 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00079443) FR901228 Alone or Combined With Rituximab and Fludarabine in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Low-Grade B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7006).
3 Romidepsin FDA Label
4 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
5 Fludarabine FDA Label
6 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4802).
7 Inhibition of transcription, expression, and secretion of the vascular epithelial growth factor in human epithelial endometriotic cells by romidepsin. Fertil Steril. 2011 Apr;95(5):1579-83. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.12.058. Epub 2011 Feb 4.
8 Inhibitors of class I HDACs and of FLT3 combine synergistically against leukemia cells with mutant FLT3. Arch Toxicol. 2022 Jan;96(1):177-193. doi: 10.1007/s00204-021-03174-1. Epub 2021 Oct 19.
9 Hughes B: 2009 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2010 Feb;9(2):89-92.
10 Population pharmacokinetics of romidepsin in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and relapsed peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Feb 15;15(4):1496-503.
11 A phase I/II trial of the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin for adults with recurrent malignant glioma: North American Brain Tumor Consortium Study 03-03. Neuro Oncol. 2011 May;13(5):509-16.
12 Population pharmacokinetics of romidepsin in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and relapsed peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Feb 15;15(4):1496-503.
13 FDA Label of Romidepsin. The 2020 official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
14 Chemoresistance to depsipeptide FK228 [(E)-(1S,4S,10S,21R)-7-[(Z)-ethylidene]-4,21-diisopropyl-2-oxa-12,13-dithia-5,8,20,23-tetraazabicyclo[8,7,6]-tricos-16-ene-3,6,9,22-pentanone] is mediated by reversible MDR1 induction in human cancer cell lines. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Jul;314(1):467-75. doi: 10.1124/jpet.105.083956. Epub 2005 Apr 15.
15 Aberrant promoter methylation of the ABCG2 gene in renal carcinoma. Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Nov;26(22):8572-85.
16 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine and depsipeptide synergistically induce expression of BIK (BCL2-interacting killer). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Dec 15;351(2):455-61. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.10.055. Epub 2006 Oct 18.
17 Bortezomib and depsipeptide sensitize tumors to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand: a novel method to potentiate natural killer cell tumor cytotoxicity. Cancer Res. 2006 Jul 15;66(14):7317-25. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0680.
18 Histone deacetylase inhibitors FK228, N-(2-aminophenyl)-4-[N-(pyridin-3-yl-methoxycarbonyl)amino- methyl]benzamide and m-carboxycinnamic acid bis-hydroxamide augment radiation-induced cell death in gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma cells. Int J Cancer. 2004 Jun 10;110(2):301-8. doi: 10.1002/ijc.20117.
19 A sequential treatment of depsipeptide followed by 5-azacytidine enhances Gadd45beta expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Anticancer Res. 2007 Nov-Dec;27(6B):3783-9.
20 Abrogation of p21 expression by flavopiridol enhances depsipeptide-mediated apoptosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Mar 1;10(5):1813-25. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-0901-3.
21 Interactions between bortezomib and romidepsin and belinostat in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Jan 15;14(2):549-58. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-1934.
22 Blocking downstream signaling pathways in the context of HDAC inhibition promotes apoptosis preferentially in cells harboring mutant Ras. Oncotarget. 2016 Oct 25;7(43):69804-69815. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.12001.
23 Up-regulation of MDR1 and induction of doxorubicin resistance by histone deacetylase inhibitor depsipeptide (FK228) and ATRA in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Blood. 2006 Feb 15;107(4):1546-54. doi: 10.1182/blood-2004-10-4126. Epub 2005 Oct 13.
24 Antitumor effects of histone deacetylase inhibitor on Ewing's family tumors. Int J Cancer. 2005 Sep 20;116(5):784-92. doi: 10.1002/ijc.21069.
25 Enhanced transgene expression in urothelial cancer gene therapy with histone deacetylase inhibitor. J Urol. 2005 Aug;174(2):747-52. doi: 10.1097/01.ju.0000164723.20555.e6.
26 Enhancement of sodium/iodide symporter expression in thyroid and breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2006 Sep;13(3):797-826. doi: 10.1677/erc.1.01143.
27 Identification of cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the metabolism of FK228, a potent histone deacetylase inhibitor, in human liver microsomes. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Jan;28(1):124-9.
28 Involvement of P-glycoprotein and MRP1 in resistance to cyclic tetrapeptide subfamily of histone deacetylase inhibitors in the drug-resistant osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma cells. Int J Cancer. 2006 Jan 1;118(1):90-7. doi: 10.1002/ijc.21297.
29 Role of histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced reactive oxygen species and DNA damage in LAQ-824/fludarabine antileukemic interactions. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008 Oct;7(10):3285-97. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-0385.
30 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine inhibits expression of vascular endothelial growth factor through hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in human ovarian cancer cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2004 Jul;66(1):178-86. doi: 10.1124/mol.66.1.178.
31 MDM2 antagonists activate p53 and synergize with genotoxic drugs in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Blood. 2006 May 15;107(10):4109-14. doi: 10.1182/blood-2005-08-3273. Epub 2006 Jan 26.
32 Purine nucleoside analogs in indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Oncology (Williston Park). 2000 Jun;14(6 Suppl 2):13-5.
33 Role of the TRAIL/APO2-L death receptors in chlorambucil- and fludarabine-induced apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Oncogene. 2003 Nov 13;22(51):8356-69. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1207004.
34 Differential effects of chemotherapeutic drugs versus the MDM-2 antagonist nutlin-3 on cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis in SKW6.4 lymphoblastoid B-cells. J Cell Biochem. 2008 May 15;104(2):595-605. doi: 10.1002/jcb.21649.
35 Functional integrity of the p53-mediated apoptotic pathway induced by the nongenotoxic agent nutlin-3 in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Blood. 2006 May 15;107(10):4122-9. doi: 10.1182/blood-2005-11-4465. Epub 2006 Jan 26.
36 Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is involved in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell response to fludarabine and arsenic trioxide. PLoS One. 2014 Jun 23;9(6):e99993. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099993. eCollection 2014.
37 Caspase 8 activation independent of Fas (CD95/APO-1) signaling may mediate killing of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells by cytotoxic drugs or gamma radiation. Blood. 2001 Nov 1;98(9):2800-7. doi: 10.1182/blood.v98.9.2800.
38 Comparative effects of retinoic acid, vitamin D and resveratrol alone and in combination with adenosine analogues on methylation and expression of phosphatase and tensin homologue tumour suppressor gene in breast cancer cells. Br J Nutr. 2012 Mar;107(6):781-90. doi: 10.1017/S0007114511003631. Epub 2011 Aug 1.
39 The histone deacetylase inhibitor MS-275 interacts synergistically with fludarabine to induce apoptosis in human leukemia cells. Cancer Res. 2004 Apr 1;64(7):2590-600. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-2631.