Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMZHUO5)

Drug Name
Phenylephrine
Synonyms
Cyclomydril; Dilatair; Dionephrine; Doktors; Duration; Fenilefrina; Isophrim; Isophrin; Mesaton; Mesatone; Mesatonum; Metaoxedrin; Metaoxedrine; Metaoxedrinum; Metasympatol; Metasynephrine; Metsatonum; Mezaton; Mydfrin; Neofrin; Neosynephrine; Nostril; Ocugestrin; Phenoptic; Phenylephrinum; Spersaphrine; Visadron; Alcon Efrin; Isopto Frin; Minims Phenylephrine; Nostril Spray Pump; Nostril Spray Pump Mild; Phenylephrine Minims; Prefrin Liquifilm; Relief Eye Drops for Red Eyes; Alconefrin Nasal Drops 12; Alconefrin Nasal Drops 25; Alconefrin Nasal Drops 50; Alconefrin Nasal Spray 25; Ah-Chew; Ak-dilate; Ak-nefrin; Fenilefrina [INN-Spanish]; I-Phrine; L-Phenylephedrine; L-Phenylephrine; M-Methylaminoethanolphenol; M-Oxedrine; M-Sympathol; M-Sympatol; M-Synephrine; Mydfrin (TN); Neo-Synephrine; Neo-Synephrine Nasal Drops; Neo-Synephrine Nasal Jelly; Neo-Synephrine Nasal Spray; Ocu-Phrin Sterile Eye Drops; Phenylephrine (INN); Phenylephrine Minims (TN); Phenylephrine [INN:BAN]; Phenylephrinum [INN-Latin]; R(-)-Phenylephrine; L-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-N-methylethanolamine; L-1-(m-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylaminoethanol; L-m-Hydroxy-alpha-((methylamino)methyl)benzyl alcohol; L-alpha-Hydroxy-beta-methylamino-3-hydroxy-L-ethylbenzene; Tannins, compds. with (R)-3-hydroxy-alpha-((methylamino)methyl)benzenemethanol; Benzenemethanol, 3-hydroxy-alpha-((methylamino)methyl)-, (R)-(9CI); (-)-m-Hydroxy-alpha-(methylaminomethyl)benzyl alcohol; (R)-2-Hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-N-methylethylamine; (R)-3-Hydroxy-alpha-((methylamino)methyl)benzenemethanol; 3-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [1]
Arrhythmia BC9Z Approved [1]
Common cold CA00 Approved [1]
Cough MD12 Approved [1]
Fecal incontinence ME07 Approved [2]
Fever MG26 Approved [1]
Headache 8A80-8A84 Approved [1]
Mydriasis LA11.62 Approved [1]
Ophthalmic graves disease 5A02.0 Approved [3]
Proctitis DB33.Z Approved [1]
Rhinitis FA20 Approved [1]
Seasonal allergic rhinitis CA08.01 Approved [1]
Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis CA08 Approved [1]
⏷ Show the Full List of Indication(s)
Therapeutic Class
Ophthalmologicals
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0 Molecular Weight (mw) 167.2
Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp) -0.3
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 3
ADMET Property
BDDCS Class
Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 1: high solubility and high permeability [4]
Clearance
The clearance of drug is 2100 mL/min [5]
Elimination
86% of a dose of phenylephrine is recovered in the urine with 16% as the unmetabolized drug, 57% as the inactive meta-hydroxymendelic acid, and 8% as inactive sulfate conjugates [6]
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 5 minutes [6]
Metabolism
The drug is metabolized via the monoamine oxidase A, monoamine oxidase B, and SULT1A3 [7]
MRTD
The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 4.98178 micromolar/kg/day [8]
Vd
The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 340 L [5]
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C9H13NO2
IUPAC Name
3-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol
Canonical SMILES
CNC[C@@H](C1=CC(=CC=C1)O)O
InChI
InChI=1S/C9H13NO2/c1-10-6-9(12)7-3-2-4-8(11)5-7/h2-5,9-12H,6H2,1H3/t9-/m0/s1
InChIKey
SONNWYBIRXJNDC-VIFPVBQESA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
6041
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:8093
CAS Number
61-76-7
DrugBank ID
DB00388
TTD ID
D0O6IU
VARIDT ID
DR01201
ACDINA ID
D00528
Combinatorial Drugs (CBD) Click to Jump to the Detailed CBD Information of This Drug
Repurposed Drugs (RPD) Click to Jump to the Detailed RPD Information of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) TTEX248 DRD2_HUMAN Agonist [9]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor (ADRA1A) OTUIWCL5 ADA1A_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [10]
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor (ADRA1B) OTSAYAFD ADA1B_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [10]
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor (ADRA1D) OTW2CD1O ADA1D_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [10]
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) OTDF1964 ACE_HUMAN Drug Response [11]
Angiotensinogen (AGT) OTBZLYR3 ANGT_HUMAN Drug Response [12]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX) OTAW0V4V BAX_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [13]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [13]
Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial (AIFM1) OTKPWB7Q AIFM1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [13]
Bcl-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1) OTRC5K9O B2CL1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [13]
Bcl2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD) OT63ERYM BAD_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [13]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

The Studied Disease Allergic rhinitis
ICD Disease Classification CA08.0
Molecule Name Molecule Type Gene Name p-value Fold-Change Z-score
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) DTT DRD2 2.50E-02 -0.08 -0.49
Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Phenylephrine (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Methylene blue DMJAPE7 Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Methylene blue. Acquired methaemoglobinaemia [3A93] [14]
Droxidopa DM5YF4M Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Droxidopa. Autonomic nervous system disorder [8D87] [15]
Linezolid DMGFPU2 Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Linezolid. Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z] [16]
Sotalol DML60TN Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Sotalol. Cardiac arrhythmia [BC9Z] [17]
Levomilnacipran DMV26S8 Moderate Increased risk of rapid heart rate by the combination of Phenylephrine and Levomilnacipran. Chronic pain [MG30] [18]
Selegiline DM6034S Major Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Phenylephrine and Selegiline. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [14]
Duloxetine DM9BI7M Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Duloxetine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [18]
Isocarboxazid DMAF1NB Major Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Phenylephrine and Isocarboxazid. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [14]
Milnacipran DMBFE74 Moderate Increased risk of rapid heart rate by the combination of Phenylephrine and Milnacipran. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [18]
Tranylcypromine DMGB5RE Major Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Phenylephrine and Tranylcypromine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [14]
Desvenlafaxine DMHD4PE Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Desvenlafaxine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [18]
Phenelzine DMHIDUE Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Phenelzine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [14]
Nadolol DMW6GVL Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Nadolol. Essential hypertension [BA00] [17]
Carteolol DMFMDOB Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Carteolol. Glaucoma [9C61] [17]
Metipranolol DMJMVKI Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Metipranolol. Glaucoma [9C61] [17]
Levobetaxolol DMSREPX Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Levobetaxolol. Glaucoma [9C61] [17]
Levobunolol DMTNFCQ Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Levobunolol. Glaucoma [9C61] [17]
Ergotamine DMKR3C5 Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Ergotamine. Headache [8A80-8A84] [19]
Carvedilol DMHTEAO Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Carvedilol. Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z] [17]
Procarbazine DMIK367 Major Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Phenylephrine and Procarbazine. Hodgkin lymphoma [2B30] [14]
Acebutolol DM0TI4U Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Acebutolol. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [17]
Bisoprolol DM3UZ95 Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Bisoprolol. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [17]
Penbutolol DM4ES8F Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Penbutolol. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [17]
Nebivolol DM7F1PA Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Nebivolol. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [17]
Pindolol DMD2NV7 Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Pindolol. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [17]
Labetalol DMK8U72 Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Labetalol. Hypertension [BA00-BA04] [17]
Propranolol DM79NTF Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Propranolol. Migraine [8A80] [17]
Ozanimod DMT6AM2 Major Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Phenylephrine and Ozanimod. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [14]
Sibutramine DMFJTDI Moderate Increased risk of rapid heart rate by the combination of Phenylephrine and Sibutramine. Obesity [5B80-5B81] [20]
Safinamide DM0YWJC Moderate Decreased metabolism of Phenylephrine caused by Safinamide mediated inhibition of non-CYP450 enzyme. Parkinsonism [8A00] [21]
Rasagiline DM3WKQ4 Moderate Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Rasagiline. Parkinsonism [8A00] [14]
Ergonovine DM0VEC1 Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Phenylephrine and Ergonovine. Postpartum haemorrhage [JA43] [19]
⏷ Show the Full List of 32 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG
DIG Name DIG ID PubChem CID Functional Classification
Allura red AC dye E00338 33258 Colorant
D&C red no. 27 E00381 83511 Colorant
D&C red no. 28 E00491 6097185 Colorant
Quinoline yellow WS E00309 24671 Colorant
Stearic acid E00079 5281 Emulsifying agent; Solubilizing agent; Viscosity-controlling agent; lubricant
Sunset yellow FCF E00255 17730 Colorant
Beta-D-lactose E00099 6134 Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Brushite E00392 104805 Diluent
Calcium hydrogenphosphate E00294 24441 Diluent
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium E00621 Not Available Adsorbent; Binding agent; Disintegrant; Emulsifying agent; Suspending agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Carmellose sodium E00625 Not Available Disintegrant
Dextrin E00359 62698 Binding agent; Diluent; Microencapsulating agent; Stiffening agent; Suspending agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Dextrose monohydrate E00538 22814120 Binding agent; Diluent; Flavoring agent; Tonicity agent
Magnesium silicate E00596 72941442 Anticaking agent; Glidant; Lubricant
Magnesium stearate E00208 11177 lubricant
Polyethylene glycol 2000 E00649 Not Available Coating agent; Diluent; Ointment base; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; lubricant
Polyethylene glycol 400 E00653 Not Available Coating agent; Diluent; Ointment base; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; lubricant
Polyvinyl alcohol E00666 Not Available Coating agent; Emulsion stabilizing agent; Film/Membrane-forming agent
Povidone E00667 Not Available Binding agent; Coating agent; Disintegrant; Film/membrane-forming agent; Solubilizing agent; Suspending agent
Propylene glycol E00040 1030 Antimicrobial preservative; Humectant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent
Silicon dioxide E00670 Not Available Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Sodium citrate dihydrate E00369 71474 Alkalizing agent; Buffering agent; Complexing agent; Emulsifying agent
Soybean lecithin E00637 Not Available Other agent
Talc E00520 16211421 Anticaking agent; Diluent; Glidant; lubricant
Titanium dioxide E00322 26042 Coating agent; Colorant; Opacifying agent
⏷ Show the Full List of 25 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug
Pharmaceutical Formulation
Formulation Name Drug Dosage Dosage Form Route
Phenylephrine 10 mg tablet 10 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Phenylephrine 5 mg tablet 5 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

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5 FDA Approved Drug Products: Phenylephrine Solution for Intravenous Injection
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12 Carvedilol-induced antagonism of angiotensin II: a matter of alpha1-adrenoceptor blockade. J Hypertens. 2006 Jul;24(7):1355-63. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000234116.17778.63.
13 Phenylephrine induces necroptosis and apoptosis in corneal epithelial cells dose- and time-dependently. Toxicology. 2019 Dec 1;428:152305. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152305. Epub 2019 Oct 9.
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