Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMSZQAK)

Drug Name

Amphetamine

Synonyms

Amphetamine (tamper and abuse-resistant, Bio-MD/MPAR, ADHD); Amphetamine (tamper and abuse-resistant, Bio-MD/MPAR, ADHD), PharmacoFore; PF-08 (Bio-MD/MPAR/prodrug/oral, ADHD), PharmacoFore

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	6A05.Z	Approved	[1]
Depression	6A70-6A7Z	Approved	[2]
Narcolepsy	7A20	Approved	[2]
Obesity	5B81	Approved	[2]
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Drug Type

Small molecular drug

Structure

3D MOL is unavailable

2D MOL

#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0

Molecular Weight (mw)

135.21

Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp)

1.8

Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds)

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor)

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc)

ADMET Property

Bioavailability: The bioavailability of drug is 72% [3]
Clearance: The drug present in the plasma can be removed from the body at the rate of 9.7 mL/min/kg [4]
Elimination: The elimination of amphetamine is mainly via the urine from which about 40% of the excreted dose is found as unchanged amphetamine [5]
Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 9 - 11 hours [5]
Metabolism: The drug is metabolized via the liver [6]
MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 7.39587 micromolar/kg/day [7]
Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.8% [4]
Vd: The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 4 L/kg [5]
Water Solubility: The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 30 mg/mL [8]

Chemical Identifiers

Formula: C9H13N
IUPAC Name: 1-phenylpropan-2-amine
Canonical SMILES: CC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N
InChI: InChI=1S/C9H13N/c1-8(10)7-9-5-3-2-4-6-9/h2-6,8H,7,10H2,1H3
InChIKey: KWTSXDURSIMDCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Cross-matching ID

PubChem CID: 3007
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:2679
CAS Number: 300-62-9
DrugBank ID: DB00182
TTD ID: D05BMG
VARIDT ID: DR00084
INTEDE ID: DR0106
ACDINA ID: D00036

Combinatorial Drugs (CBD)

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Repurposed Drugs (RPD)

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Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Trace amine-associated receptor-1 (TAAR1)	TTIU98M	TAAR1_HUMAN	Modulator	[9]

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Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter (SLC6A3)	DT3BA8L	SC6A3_HUMAN	Substrate	[10]
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter (SLC6A2)	DT9JBVI	SC6A2_HUMAN	Substrate	[10]
Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 (SLC22A5)	DT3HUVD	S22A5_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
Organic cation transporter 3 (SLC22A3)	DT6201N	S22A3_HUMAN	Substrate	[12]

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Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)_{Main DME}	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]
Tyramine oxidase (tynA)	DEB3TNR	AMO_ECOLI	Substrate	[14]

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Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Adenosine receptor A2a (ADORA2A)	OTVRBZ0I	AA2AR_HUMAN	Drug Response	[15]
Amine oxidase B (MAOB)	OTTDFM1O	AOFB_HUMAN	Drug Response	[16]
Casein kinase I isoform epsilon (CSNK1E)	OTF0UXX6	KC1E_HUMAN	Drug Response	[17]
Catalase (CAT)	OTHEBX9R	CATA_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[18]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	OTLLBX48	CP1A2_HUMAN	Biotransformations	[19]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)	OTOYO4S7	CP2B6_HUMAN	Biotransformations	[19]
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)	OTFMJYYE	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Biotransformations	[19]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	OTZJC802	CP2D6_HUMAN	Biotransformations	[19]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	OTQGYY83	CP3A4_HUMAN	Biotransformations	[19]
D(2) dopamine receptor (DRD2)	OTBLXKEG	DRD2_HUMAN	Drug Response	[20]

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Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

MIA Detail

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Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

The Studied Disease

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

ICD Disease Classification

6A05.Z

Molecule Name	Molecule Type	Gene Name	p-value	Fold-Change	Z-score
Trace amine-associated receptor-1 (TAAR1)	DTT	TAAR1	6.12E-01	-0.01	-0.06
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter (SLC6A2)	DTP	NET	7.05E-01	7.02E-03	6.74E-02
Organic cation transporter 3 (SLC22A3)	DTP	SLC22A3	3.72E-01	5.29E-02	3.62E-01
Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 (SLC22A5)	DTP	OCTN2	1.13E-01	-5.69E-03	-4.16E-02
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter (SLC6A3)	DTP	DAT1	4.17E-01	4.04E-03	2.45E-02
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DME	CYP2D6	5.64E-01	2.36E-02	1.75E-01

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA)

MEA Detail

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Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Amphetamine (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Sodium bicarbonate	DMMU6BJ	Moderate	as urine pH determines the ionization state of weakly acidic or weakly alkaline drugs. Amphetamine caused by Sodium bicarbonate mediated altered urine pH.	Acidosis [5C73]	[21]
Tromethamine	DMOBLGK	Moderate	as urine pH determines the ionization state of weakly acidic or weakly alkaline drugs. Amphetamine caused by Tromethamine mediated altered urine pH.	Acidosis [5C73]	[21]
Methylene blue	DMJAPE7	Major	Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Amphetamine and Methylene blue.	Acquired methaemoglobinaemia [3A93]	[22]
Ranolazine	DM0C9IL	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Ranolazine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Angina pectoris [BA40]	[23]
Dronedarone	DMA8FS5	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Dronedarone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Angina pectoris [BA40]	[24]
Clobazam - Lundbeck	DMW1OQ0	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Clobazam - Lundbeck mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Anxiety disorder [6B00-6B0Z]	[25]
Promazine	DMZAL7W	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Promazine.	Appearance/behaviour symptom [MB23]	[26]
Droxidopa	DM5YF4M	Moderate	Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Amphetamine and Droxidopa.	Autonomic nervous system disorder [8D87]	[27]
Linezolid	DMGFPU2	Major	Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Amphetamine and Linezolid.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[22]
Rabeprazole	DMMZXIW	Moderate	Decreased absorption of Amphetamine due to altered gastric pH caused by Rabeprazole.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[28]
Selegiline	DM6034S	Major	Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Amphetamine and Selegiline.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[22]
Isocarboxazid	DMAF1NB	Major	Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Amphetamine and Isocarboxazid.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[22]
Tranylcypromine	DMGB5RE	Major	Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Amphetamine and Tranylcypromine.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[22]
Phenelzine	DMHIDUE	Major	Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Amphetamine and Phenelzine.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[22]
Esketamine	DMVU687	Major	Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Amphetamine and Esketamine.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[29]
SODIUM CITRATE	DMHPD2Y	Moderate	as urine pH determines the ionization state of weakly acidic or weakly alkaline drugs. Amphetamine caused by SODIUM CITRATE mediated altered urine pH.	Discovery agent [N.A.]	[21]
Mirabegron	DMS1GYT	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Mirabegron mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Functional bladder disorder [GC50]	[30]
Darifenacin	DMWXLYZ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Darifenacin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Functional bladder disorder [GC50]	[31]
Terbinafine	DMI6HUW	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Terbinafine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Fungal infection [1F29-1F2F]	[32]
Omeprazole	DM471KJ	Moderate	Decreased absorption of Amphetamine due to altered gastric pH caused by Omeprazole.	Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease [DA22]	[28]
Procarbazine	DMIK367	Major	Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Amphetamine and Procarbazine.	Hodgkin lymphoma [2B30]	[22]
Delavirdine	DM3NF5G	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Delavirdine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[33]
Cobicistat	DM6L4H2	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Cobicistat mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[34]
Didanosine	DMI2QPE	Moderate	Decreased absorption of Amphetamine due to altered gastric pH caused by Didanosine.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[35]
Ritonavir	DMU764S	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Ritonavir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[36]
Cinacalcet	DMCX0K3	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Cinacalcet mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Hyper-parathyroidism [5A51]	[29]
Sodium acetate anhydrous	DMH21E0	Moderate	as urine pH determines the ionization state of weakly acidic or weakly alkaline drugs. Amphetamine caused by Sodium acetate anhydrous mediated altered urine pH.	Hypo-osmolality/hyponatraemia [5C72]	[21]
Givosiran	DM5PFIJ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Givosiran mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Inborn porphyrin/heme metabolism error [5C58]	[37]
Propiomazine	DMKY8V1	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Propiomazine.	Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z]	[26]
Polyethylene glycol	DM4I1JP	Moderate	Increased risk of lowers seizure threshold by the combination of Amphetamine and Polyethylene glycol.	Irritable bowel syndrome [DD91]	[38]
Glycerol phenylbutyrate	DMDGRQO	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Glycerol phenylbutyrate mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Liver disease [DB90-DB9Z]	[39]
Dacomitinib	DMOH8VY	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Dacomitinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[40]
Vemurafenib	DM62UG5	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Vemurafenib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Melanoma [2C30]	[41]
Ozanimod	DMT6AM2	Major	Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Amphetamine and Ozanimod.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[22]
Nilotinib	DM7HXWT	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Nilotinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[42]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Imatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[43]
Prochlorperazine	DM53SRA	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Prochlorperazine.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[26]
Promethazine	DM6I5GR	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Promethazine.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[26]
Rolapitant	DM8XP26	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Rolapitant mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[44]
Thiethylperazine	DMU3IET	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Thiethylperazine.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[26]
Bupropion	DM5PCS7	Major	Increased risk of lowers seizure threshold by the combination of Amphetamine and Bupropion.	Nicotine use disorder [6C4A]	[45]
Lorcaserin	DMG6OYJ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Lorcaserin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Obesity [5B80-5B81]	[46]
Tramadol	DMRQD04	Major	Increased risk of lowers seizure threshold by the combination of Amphetamine and Tramadol.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[47]
Safinamide	DM0YWJC	Major	Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Amphetamine and Safinamide.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[22]
Rasagiline	DM3WKQ4	Moderate	Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Amphetamine and Rasagiline.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[22]
Lindane	DMB8CNL	Moderate	Increased risk of lowers seizure threshold by the combination of Amphetamine and Lindane.	Pediculosis [1G00]	[48]
Esomeprazole	DM7BN0X	Moderate	Decreased absorption of Amphetamine due to altered gastric pH caused by Esomeprazole.	Peptic ulcer [DA61]	[28]
ABIRATERONE	DM8V75C	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by ABIRATERONE mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Prostate cancer [2C82]	[49]
Levomepromazine	DMIKFEL	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Levomepromazine.	Psychotic disorder [6A20-6A25]	[26]
Triflupromazine	DMKFQJP	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Triflupromazine.	Psychotic disorder [6A20-6A25]	[26]
Celecoxib	DM6LOQU	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Amphetamine caused by Celecoxib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[50]
Mesoridazine	DM2ZGAN	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Mesoridazine.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[26]
Thioridazine	DM35M8J	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Thioridazine.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[26]
Haloperidol	DM96SE0	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Haloperidol.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[26]
Perphenazine	DMA4MRX	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Perphenazine.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[26]
Chlorpromazine	DMBGZI3	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Chlorpromazine.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[26]
Trifluoperazine	DMKBYWI	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Trifluoperazine.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[26]
Methdilazine	DMAUHQX	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Methdilazine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[26]
Trimeprazine	DMEMV9D	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Amphetamine when combined with Trimeprazine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[51]
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Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG

DIG Name	DIG ID	PubChem CID	Functional Classification
FD&C blue no. 1	E00263	19700	Colorant
Mannitol	E00103	6251	Diluent; Flavoring agent; Lyophilization aid; Plasticizing agent; Tonicity agent
Stearic acid	E00079	5281	Emulsifying agent; Solubilizing agent; Viscosity-controlling agent; lubricant
Sucralose	E00370	71485	Flavoring agent
Citric acid monohydrate	E00271	22230	Acidulant; Antioxidant; Buffering agent; Complexing agent; Flavoring agent
Crospovidone	E00626	Not Available	Disintegrant
Fructose	E00447	2723872	Flavoring agent
Magnesium stearate	E00208	11177	lubricant
Silicon dioxide	E00670	Not Available	Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Triethyl citrate	E00128	6506	Plasticizing agent; Solvent
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⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug

Pharmaceutical Formulation

Formulation Name	Drug Dosage	Dosage Form	Route
Amphetamine 12.5 mg tablet	12.5 mg	24 HR Extended Release Oral Tablet	Oral
Amphetamine 15.7 mg tablet	15.7 mg	24 HR Extended Release Oral Tablet	Oral
Amphetamine 18.8 mg tablet	18.8 mg	24 HR Extended Release Oral Tablet	Oral
Amphetamine 3.1 mg tablet	3.1 mg	24 HR Extended Release Oral Tablet	Oral
Amphetamine 6.3 mg tablet	6.3 mg	24 HR Extended Release Oral Tablet	Oral
Amphetamine 9.4 mg tablet	9.4 mg	24 HR Extended Release Oral Tablet	Oral
Amphetamine 10 mg tablet	10 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral
Amphetamine 5 mg tablet	5 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral

Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

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