General Information of Disease (ID: DIS37HU4)

Disease Name Alopecia
Synonyms alopecia areata; loss Of hair; alopecia; hair loss
Disease Class ED70: Alopecia
Definition
Hair loss usually from the scalp. It may result in bald spots or spread to the entire scalp or the entire epidermis. It may be androgenetic or caused by chemotherapeutic agents, compulsive hair pulling, autoimmune disorders or congenital conditions.
Disease Hierarchy
DISRPL2H: Hair anomaly
DIS37HU4: Alopecia
ICD Code
ICD-11
ICD-11: ED70
ICD-9
ICD-9: 704.09
Expand ICD-11
'ED70
Expand ICD-10
'L60-L75; 'L65; 'L65.9
Expand ICD-9
704.09
Disease Identifiers
MONDO ID
MONDO_0004907
MESH ID
D000505
UMLS CUI
C0002170
MedGen ID
7982
HPO ID
HP:0001596
Orphanet ID
79364
SNOMED CT ID
278040002

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 6 Approved Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
Bimatoprost DMX0E5B Approved Small molecular drug [1]
Minoxidil DMA2Z4F Approved Small molecular drug [2]
Norepinephrine DMOUC09 Approved Small molecular drug [3]
Ritlecitinib DMYKNME Approved NA [4]
Secukinumab DMYXT2U Approved Monoclonal antibody [5]
Tricomin DMLLMVU Approved NA [6]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 6 Drug(s)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 15 Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
Thymosin beta-4 DMUCMPW Phase 3 Small molecular drug [7]
SM04554 DM30JWZ Phase 2/3 Small molecular drug [8]
ARO-AAT DM2UP6Z Phase 2 Small interfering RNA [9]
ASCJ-9 DMMBVCJ Phase 2 NA [10]
ATI-501 DMTY6OF Phase 2 Small molecular drug [11]
ATI-502 DM8NODR Phase 2 Small molecular drug [12]
BBI-5000 DMR59I4 Phase 2 Small molecular drug [13]
CTP-543 DM3SYOK Phase 2 NA [14]
Diphencyprone DMR2790 Phase 2 Small molecular drug [6]
ENERGI-F701 DMMIHSO Phase 2 Small molecular drug [15]
OSH-101 DMA0LN1 Phase 2 NA [16]
RK-023 DM2VO97 Phase 2 NA [17]
HSC660 DMQK01Y Phase 1/2 NA [18]
PF-277343 DM37T8P Phase 1 NA [19]
PTH(7-34) liposomal cream DMRQ5YT Phase 1 Small molecular drug [20]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 15 Drug(s)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 1 Patented Agent(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
(-)-deprenyl DMMLQAS Patented NA [21]
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This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 8 Discontinued Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
Piliel DM0R8NM Discontinued in Phase 3 NA [22]
CS-891B DM17I8O Discontinued in Phase 2 NA [23]
NP-619 DM50PZH Discontinued in Phase 2 NA [24]
P45 DMKPILV Discontinued in Phase 2 Small molecular drug [25]
AN-10 DM50HB8 Terminated Small molecular drug [26]
Anti-IFN gamma DMXI185 Terminated Antibody [27]
GI-197111 DM6HZU1 Terminated NA [28]
KC-399 DMD0FNH Terminated Small molecular drug [29]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 8 Drug(s)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 2 Investigative Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
Metalfullerene DMFIOR0 Investigative NA [30]
PP-303 DMRALMT Investigative NA [30]
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Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
This Disease Is Related to 55 DTT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
CXXC5 TTVS4C3 Limited Biomarker [31]
DKK2 TTST5KX Limited Genetic Variation [32]
FADS2 TTT2VDU Limited Genetic Variation [32]
FAF1 TTSKL3G Limited Genetic Variation [32]
HDAC9 TT8M4E1 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
LGR4 TTY6C71 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
MAPT TTS87KH Limited Genetic Variation [32]
OPHN1 TTU7HRD Limited Genetic Variation [32]
PDGFA TTSM78N Limited Genetic Variation [32]
PRKAR1A TTNAHEX Limited Biomarker [33]
PRKD1 TTSLUMT Limited Genetic Variation [32]
RORA TT1TYN7 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
RUNX1 TTWIN3H Limited Genetic Variation [32]
RUNX3 TTKCVO7 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
TIRAP TTKU0LS Limited Biomarker [34]
TWIST1 TTX1MY7 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
XDH TT7RJY8 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
AHSG TTKF4WV moderate Biomarker [35]
HLA-DRB1 TTUXSTW moderate Genetic Variation [36]
LSS TT7O8ZA moderate Genetic Variation [37]
SETD7 TTJ0FSU moderate Biomarker [38]
SHCBP1 TTZ9WGL moderate Biomarker [39]
TCL1A TTUKRDV moderate Biomarker [40]
ABCC2 TTFLHJV Strong Biomarker [41]
AR TTKPW01 Strong Genetic Variation [42]
BRD4 TTSRAOU Strong Biomarker [43]
CRH TTA7YIZ Strong Biomarker [44]
CTLA4 TTI2S1D Strong Genetic Variation [45]
DGAT1 TT0GV3R Strong Biomarker [46]
DKK1 TTE3RAC Strong Biomarker [47]
DPP8 TTJGLZF Strong Biomarker [48]
DSG3 TTEO4P8 Strong Biomarker [49]
EBP TT4VQZX Strong Biomarker [50]
EDNRA TTKRD0G Strong Biomarker [51]
FOXP3 TT1X3QF Strong Biomarker [52]
FUT3 TTUPAD7 Strong Biomarker [53]
GJB2 TTRGZX3 Strong Genetic Variation [54]
GPRC5D TTHRAPJ Strong Biomarker [55]
HTRA1 TT8POQR Strong Biomarker [56]
ICOSLG TTB9Z8R Strong Genetic Variation [57]
IL31 TT1RJXK Strong Biomarker [58]
ITGB6 TTKQSXZ Strong Genetic Variation [59]
KLK3 TTS78AZ Strong Altered Expression [60]
LPAR6 TTZDAGB Strong Genetic Variation [61]
MC2R TTPWFDX Strong Genetic Variation [62]
MCHR2 TTS17MG Strong Genetic Variation [63]
MTHFR TTQWOU1 Strong Genetic Variation [64]
NOTCH4 TTXDIK2 Strong Biomarker [65]
ODC1 TTUMGNO Strong Biomarker [66]
PARP1 TTVDSZ0 Strong Biomarker [67]
RHOA TTP2U16 Strong Biomarker [68]
TARDBP TT9RZ03 Strong Genetic Variation [32]
TGM1 TT7A949 Strong Genetic Variation [69]
TNFRSF10A TT5WLRX Strong Biomarker [70]
TRPV3 TT946IA Strong Biomarker [71]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 55 DTT(s)
This Disease Is Related to 3 DTP Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTP ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
SLC14A2 DT8QC7K Limited Genetic Variation [32]
CACNB4 DTV8E46 Strong Genetic Variation [72]
SLC5A11 DT2CAPQ Strong Biomarker [73]
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This Disease Is Related to 3 DME Molecule(s)
Gene Name DME ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
WARS2 DEPTKBQ Limited Genetic Variation [32]
HSD3B1 DERDQWN moderate Genetic Variation [74]
TPMT DEFQ8VO Strong Altered Expression [75]
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This Disease Is Related to 108 DOT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DOT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
AIRE OTA7G1Y1 Limited Genetic Variation [76]
ARHGEF9 OTB1FLIW Limited Genetic Variation [32]
ATP6V0A2 OTJBDX0Y Limited Genetic Variation [77]
AUTS2 OTAEXHSC Limited Genetic Variation [32]
BBX OTNQ3QUC Limited Genetic Variation [32]
C2orf42 OTN1MSWZ Limited Genetic Variation [32]
CASZ1 OTWJ2OR8 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
DPY30 OTLHCJ6C Limited Genetic Variation [32]
DUSP22 OTEZ3U85 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
EBF1 OTZ61YYH Limited Genetic Variation [32]
EIF3E OTI0WG98 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
EXOC2 OT5QG1WG Limited Genetic Variation [32]
FAM53B OTVD7OU6 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
FGF5 OTQXGHBY Limited Genetic Variation [32]
GSE1 OT3J7CJB Limited Genetic Variation [32]
HAUS7 OTB2HOIZ Limited Genetic Variation [32]
HR OTHEZWPW Limited Genetic Variation [78]
IQGAP1 OTZRWTGA Limited Genetic Variation [32]
IRF4 OT1DHQ1P Limited Genetic Variation [32]
KLF15 OTGMQMVR Limited Genetic Variation [32]
KLF8 OTUC5CDB Limited Genetic Variation [32]
LRMDA OTIPNKTU Limited Genetic Variation [32]
MKLN1 OTHMIMH6 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
MRPS22 OTIVNAJL Limited Genetic Variation [32]
MSN OTZJ4J6G Limited Genetic Variation [32]
MTX2 OTBD8O8Y Limited Genetic Variation [32]
NSF OTKRJ2ZT Limited Genetic Variation [32]
PAX3 OTN5PJZV Limited Genetic Variation [32]
PEX14 OT98BZHE Limited Genetic Variation [32]
PLEKHM1 OT1SLPGD Limited Genetic Variation [32]
PRDM6 OTKY12D9 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
RSPO2 OT3HHXU0 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
SETBP1 OTKGCOSR Limited Genetic Variation [32]
SNRPD1 OTWKZV4E Limited Biomarker [79]
SPAG17 OTUF58WZ Limited Genetic Variation [32]
SPPL2C OTUTY2ED Limited Genetic Variation [32]
SRRM1 OTAY2IP6 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
SSPN OTYG2SL7 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
ST3GAL4 OTNENJZQ Limited Genetic Variation [32]
TBX15 OTAZ9QDX Limited Genetic Variation [32]
TCF12 OTZVONNU Limited Genetic Variation [32]
TCF4 OTB9ASTK Limited Genetic Variation [32]
THADA OTYZQX0F Limited Genetic Variation [32]
TMEM74 OT3IZBM0 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
TRMT11 OTRK0IOR Limited Genetic Variation [32]
TSPEAR OT2LKDD0 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
TTC27 OTY4SQP9 Limited Genetic Variation [32]
ARHGEF10 OTHJ1Y4I moderate Altered Expression [80]
ARIH1 OTO3XDR2 moderate Biomarker [81]
ATG12 OTJRO09Y moderate Biomarker [82]
ATP5PF OTDAE8FP moderate Biomarker [83]
C4BPA OTHNH6Y8 moderate Biomarker [84]
CARD14 OTADQHOV moderate Biomarker [84]
CST6 OTZVHJTF moderate Biomarker [85]
EDA OTAKS5WS moderate Biomarker [86]
FGF20 OTJIQ8YZ moderate Biomarker [87]
FOXN3 OTOJYJZP moderate Altered Expression [80]
HOXB8 OTKHOD17 moderate Genetic Variation [88]
INVS OT8KPESR moderate Biomarker [85]
KRT15 OTS6WLF7 moderate Biomarker [89]
KRT71 OTI91X9Z moderate Genetic Variation [90]
KRT74 OT9MEIJ1 moderate Genetic Variation [91]
LRIT1 OTNEQPMZ moderate Biomarker [39]
NINJ1 OTLRZ1EU moderate Biomarker [92]
NUDT15 OTX8SZOT moderate Genetic Variation [93]
PLCD1 OT6WFVXZ moderate Biomarker [94]
SGK3 OTQ6QO99 moderate Biomarker [95]
TCL1B OT4CSO39 moderate Biomarker [40]
ACER1 OT3RJU3I Strong Altered Expression [96]
AGA OTNWT1WB Strong Biomarker [97]
APOC1 OTA58CED Strong Biomarker [98]
BCL11B OT8KKCVJ Strong Biomarker [99]
CDSN OTQW4HV6 Strong Genetic Variation [100]
CLRN1 OT1ADI7Q Strong Genetic Variation [101]
CTBP1 OTVYH2DH Strong Biomarker [102]
DCAF17 OTFNVJLN Strong CausalMutation [77]
DSC2 OTODVH8K Strong Genetic Variation [61]
DSC3 OTYG47F8 Strong Genetic Variation [61]
DSG4 OTWIQDC4 Strong Genetic Variation [61]
DSP OTB2MOP8 Strong Genetic Variation [61]
EDA2R OTJLAIIH Strong Biomarker [103]
FAR2 OTRYY709 Strong Biomarker [104]
FCRL3 OTIFXFWL Strong Genetic Variation [105]
FLG OTE9QDV6 Strong Genetic Variation [106]
FMN2 OTUY7BSV Strong Genetic Variation [107]
FOXN1 OTE80D6I Strong Genetic Variation [80]
GRB10 OTCKXGRC Strong Biomarker [108]
HLA-DQB1 OTVVI3UI Strong Genetic Variation [109]
IL36RN OT5CO95A Strong Genetic Variation [110]
LIPH OTRGYLKL Strong Genetic Variation [111]
MBTPS2 OT67CC7W Strong Biomarker [112]
MCRS1 OT8K2X8P Strong Biomarker [113]
MED25 OTDBY87B Strong Biomarker [113]
MPZL2 OTKFNDUI Strong Genetic Variation [114]
MPZL3 OTC4LRBU Strong Genetic Variation [114]
MX1 OT6X8G5T Strong Biomarker [113]
OPN1MW OTPJ7LX4 Strong Biomarker [115]
PDC OT1UUVYY Strong Altered Expression [76]
PLK3 OT19CT2Z Strong Biomarker [116]
PTPN22 OTDCNTC3 Strong Genetic Variation [117]
RBM28 OT9A48WV Strong Genetic Variation [118]
SH2B2 OTEDHHDH Strong Biomarker [119]
SHMT1 OTIINA3J Strong Genetic Variation [120]
SLITRK5 OTTSUSB8 Strong Biomarker [121]
STAMBP OTOT2OXM Strong Genetic Variation [122]
SUPV3L1 OT416O2G Strong Biomarker [123]
TRPS1 OT7XPPEL Strong Genetic Variation [32]
TTC7A OTDHLPQM Strong Biomarker [124]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 108 DOT(s)

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 1958).
2 Minoxidil FDA Label
3 Norepinephrine FDA Label
4 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03732807) PF-06651600 for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata (ALLEGRO-2b/3). U.S. National Institutes of Health.
5 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01359943) Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Secukinumab in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Taking Methotrexate
6 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
7 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800014482)
8 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03742518) A Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of SM04554 Topical Solution in Male Subjects With Androgenetic Alopecia. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
9 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03946449) Study of ARO-AAT in Patients With Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Associated Liver Disease (AATD). U.S. National Institutes of Health.
10 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01289574) Topical ASC-J9 Cream for Acne. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
11 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03594227) ATI-501 Oral Suspension Compared to Placebo in Subjects With Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Universalis or Alopecia Totalis. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
12 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03759340) ATI-502 Topical Solution for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata (AA), Alopecia Universalis (AU) and Alopecia Totalis (AT). U.S. National Institutes of Health.
13 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02590289) A Pharmacokinetic Study to Evaluate BBI-5000 Capsules and Food Effect in Healthy Adult Subjects. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
14 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03898479) Extension Study to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy of CTP-543 in Adults With Alopecia Areata. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
15 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03351322) ENERGI-F701 for Female Hair Loss Treatment. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
16 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00471510) Dose-Ranging Efficacy Study of Topical NEOSH101 to Treat Male Pattern Hair Loss. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
17 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800030641)
18 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
19 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800025646)
20 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800019469)
21 Novel monoamine oxidase inhibitors: a patent review (2012 - 2014).Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2015 Jan;25(1):91-110.
22 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800005942)
23 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800013642)
24 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800028305)
25 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800009674)
26 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800008114)
27 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800007694)
28 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800008867)
29 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800002834)
30 The ChEMBL database in 2017. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D945-D954.
31 Targeting of CXXC5 by a Competing PeptideStimulates Hair Regrowth and Wound-Induced Hair Neogenesis.J Invest Dermatol. 2017 Nov;137(11):2260-2269. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.04.038. Epub 2017 Jun 6.
32 Genetic prediction of male pattern baldness.PLoS Genet. 2017 Feb 14;13(2):e1006594. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006594. eCollection 2017 Feb.
33 PKA signaling drives reticularis differentiation and sexually dimorphic adrenal cortex renewal.JCI Insight. 2018 Jan 25;3(2):e98394. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.98394. eCollection 2018 Jan 25.
34 Association of TLR4 (D299G, T399I), TLR9 -1486T>C, TIRAP S180L and TNF- promoter (-1031, -863, -857) polymorphisms with risk for systemic lupus erythematosus among South Indians.Lupus. 2015 Jan;24(1):50-7. doi: 10.1177/0961203314549792. Epub 2014 Sep 2.
35 Association of AHSG with alopecia and mental retardation (APMR) syndrome. Hum Genet. 2017 Mar;136(3):287-296. doi: 10.1007/s00439-016-1756-5. Epub 2017 Jan 4.
36 HLA-DRB1 polymorphisms and alopecia areata disease risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Aug;97(32):e11790. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011790.
37 Biallelic pathogenic variants in the lanosterol synthase gene LSS involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis cause alopecia with intellectual disability, a rare recessive neuroectodermal syndrome.Genet Med. 2019 Sep;21(9):2025-2035. doi: 10.1038/s41436-019-0445-x. Epub 2019 Feb 6.
38 Identification and Characterizations of Novel, Selective Histone Methyltransferase SET7 Inhibitors by Scaffold Hopping- and 2D-Molecular Fingerprint-Based Similarity Search.Molecules. 2018 Mar 2;23(3):567. doi: 10.3390/molecules23030567.
39 Quality of life in patients with limited (1-3) brain metastases undergoing stereotactic or whole brain radiotherapy : Aprospective study of the DEGRO QoL working group.Strahlenther Onkol. 2020 Jan;196(1):48-57. doi: 10.1007/s00066-019-01506-w. Epub 2019 Aug 15.
40 T Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma 1A is essential for mouse epidermal keratinocytes proliferation promoted by insulin-like growth factor 1.PLoS One. 2018 Oct 4;13(10):e0204775. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204775. eCollection 2018.
41 Methotrexate (MTX) pathway gene polymorphisms and their effects on MTX toxicity in Caucasian and African American patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2008 Apr;35(4):572-9.
42 Polymorphic CAG Repeat Numbers in the Androgen Receptor Gene of Female Pattern Hair Loss in a Han Chinese Population.Dermatology. 2016;232(4):464-7. doi: 10.1159/000446648. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
43 Inducible in vivo silencing of Brd4 identifies potential toxicities of sustained BET protein inhibition.Cell Rep. 2014 Sep 25;8(6):1919-1929. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.08.025. Epub 2014 Sep 18.
44 CRF receptor antagonist astressin-B reverses and prevents alopecia in CRF over-expressing mice.PLoS One. 2011 Feb 16;6(2):e16377. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016377.
45 Genetic variant association of PTPN22, CTLA4, IL2RA, as well as HLA frequencies in susceptibility to alopecia areata.Immunol Invest. 2018 Oct;47(7):666-679. doi: 10.1080/08820139.2018.1480032. Epub 2018 Jul 6.
46 Inhibition of triglyceride synthesis as a treatment strategy for obesity: lessons from DGAT1-deficient mice.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005 Mar;25(3):482-6. doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000151874.81059.ad. Epub 2004 Nov 29.
47 Dickkopf-1 Expression in Androgenetic Alopecia and Alopecia Areata in Male Patients.Am J Dermatopathol. 2019 Feb;41(2):122-127. doi: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000001266.
48 Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: potential importance of selectivity over dipeptidyl peptidases 8 and 9.Diabetes. 2005 Oct;54(10):2988-94. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.54.10.2988.
49 Desmoglein 3 anchors telogen hair in the follicle.J Cell Sci. 1998 Sep;111 ( Pt 17):2529-37. doi: 10.1242/jcs.111.17.2529.
50 Reduced penetrance in a family with X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata.Eur J Med Genet. 2007 Sep-Oct;50(5):392-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2007.05.004. Epub 2007 Jun 3.
51 Mandibulofacial dysostosis, severe lower eyelid coloboma, cleft palate, and alopecia: A new distinct form of mandibulofacial dysostosis or a severe form of Johnson-McMillin syndrome?.Am J Med Genet A. 2010 Jul;152A(7):1838-40. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33477.
52 CD80CD86 deficiency disrupts regulatory CD4+FoxP3+T cell homoeostasis and induces autoimmune-like alopecia.Exp Dermatol. 2017 Nov;26(11):1053-1059. doi: 10.1111/exd.13371. Epub 2017 Jul 3.
53 Novel application of layered expression scanning for proteomic profiling of plucked hair follicles.Dermatology. 2005;210(4):273-8. doi: 10.1159/000084750.
54 The Cx26-G45E mutation displays increased hemichannel activity in a mouse model of the lethal form of keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome.Mol Biol Cell. 2011 Dec;22(24):4776-86. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E11-09-0778. Epub 2011 Oct 26.
55 GPRC5D is a target for the immunotherapy of multiple myeloma with rationally designed CAR T cells. Sci Transl Med. 2019 Mar 27;11(485):eaau7746.
56 Heterozygous HTRA1 mutations are associated with autosomal dominant cerebral small vessel disease. Brain. 2015 Aug;138(Pt 8):2347-58. doi: 10.1093/brain/awv155. Epub 2015 Jun 10.
57 Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter regions of Foxp3 and ICOSLG genes are associated with Alopecia areata.Clin Exp Med. 2014 Feb;14(1):91-7. doi: 10.1007/s10238-012-0224-3. Epub 2012 Nov 30.
58 Interleukin (IL) 31 induces in cynomolgus monkeys a rapid and intense itch response that can be inhibited by an IL-31 neutralizing antibody.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017 Jan;31(1):142-150. doi: 10.1111/jdv.13794. Epub 2016 Aug 8.
59 Expansion of the spectrum of ITGB6-related disorders to adolescent alopecia, dentogingival abnormalities and intellectual disability.Eur J Hum Genet. 2016 Aug;24(8):1223-7. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2015.260. Epub 2015 Dec 23.
60 Serum androgens and prostate-specific antigen levels in androgenetic alopecia: is there a difference between frontal and vertex baldness?.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018 Oct;32(10):1815-1818. doi: 10.1111/jdv.14758. Epub 2018 Jan 12.
61 A novel homozygous variant in the dsp gene underlies the first case of non-syndromic form of alopecia.Arch Dermatol Res. 2015 Nov;307(9):793-801. doi: 10.1007/s00403-015-1590-y. Epub 2015 Jul 7.
62 The -2T/C polymorphism in the adrenocorticotropin receptor gene affects stress perception of patients with alopecia areata.Int J Dermatol. 2013 Apr;52(4):441-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2012.05749.x. Epub 2012 Dec 11.
63 Genomewide analysis of copy number variants in alopecia areata in a Central European cohort reveals association with MCHR2.Exp Dermatol. 2017 Jun;26(6):536-541. doi: 10.1111/exd.13123. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
64 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T mutation in patients with alopecia areata in Turkish population.Gene. 2013 Nov 1;530(1):109-12. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.08.016. Epub 2013 Aug 14.
65 Genetic evidence for the involvement of NOTCH4 in rheumatoid arthritis and alopecia areata.Immunol Lett. 2013 Feb;150(1-2):130-3. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2013.01.002. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
66 Gain-of-function variants in the ODC1 gene cause a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder associated with macrocephaly, alopecia, dysmorphic features, and neuroimaging abnormalities.Am J Med Genet A. 2018 Dec;176(12):2554-2560. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.60677. Epub 2018 Nov 26.
67 Inflammatory and age-related pathologies in mice with ectopic expression of human PARP-1.Mech Ageing Dev. 2010 Jun;131(6):389-404. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2010.05.005. Epub 2010 Jun 8.
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