Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC2URLI)

Drug Combination Name
Ursodeoxycholic acid Bezafibrate
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Phase 3 [1]
Component Drugs Ursodeoxycholic acid   DMCUT21 Bezafibrate   DMZDCS0
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Ursodeoxycholic acid
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Cholelithiasis DC11 Approved [2]
Primary biliary cholangitis DB96.1 Approved [3]
Primary biliary cirrhosis DB96.1 Approved [4]
Colon cancer 2B90.Z Investigative [5]
Ursodeoxycholic acid Interacts with 2 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Solute carrier family 23 member 2 (SLC23A2) TTOP832 S23A2_HUMAN Activator [11]
Biliverdin reductase A (BLVRA) TTJBPN3 BIEA_HUMAN Activator [11]
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Ursodeoxycholic acid Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1) DT3D8F0 SO1B1_HUMAN Substrate [12]
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Ursodeoxycholic acid Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (hdhB) DEOMLHG A4ECA9_9ACTN Metabolism [13]
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Ursodeoxycholic acid Interacts with 104 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1) OTNEN8QK SO1B1_HUMAN Increases Uptake [12]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3) OTU2SXBA AK1C3_HUMAN Decreases Activity [14]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 (AKR1C2) OTQ2XMO3 AK1C2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [14]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 (AKR1C1) OTQKR4CM AK1C1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [14]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1) OTEJROBO MDR1_HUMAN Increases Expression [15]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) OTQGYY83 CP3A4_HUMAN Increases Expression [15]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (NR1I2) OTC5U0N5 NR1I2_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 2 (NR0B2) OT7UVICX NR0B2_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Solute carrier family 23 member 2 (SLC23A2) OTJ5CQMA S23A2_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Solute carrier family 23 member 1 (SLC23A1) OTE6F9U6 S23A1_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) OTB1073G SCD_HUMAN Decreases Expression [17]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B (TNFRSF10B) OTA1CPBV TR10B_HUMAN Increases Expression [18]
Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6 regulatory ankyrin repeat subunit A (ANKRD28) OTRBREQ9 ANR28_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3 (ABCC3) OTC3IJV4 MRP3_HUMAN Increases Expression [19]
CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator (CFLAR) OTX14BAS CFLAR_HUMAN Increases Expression [20]
Splicing factor 3B subunit 1 (SF3B1) OTNTX2DG SF3B1_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Rho-related BTB domain-containing protein 3 (RHOBTB3) OT1BFKPH RHBT3_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11) OTRU7THO ABCBB_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) OT2DVJWY FGF19_HUMAN Increases Expression [19]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain (HLA-DRA) OT7KZMP2 DRA_HUMAN Increases Expression [22]
Apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1) OT5THARI APOA1_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
Fibrinogen gamma chain (FGG) OT5BJSEX FIBG_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Myelin basic protein (MBP) OTFZCEDB MBP_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
C4b-binding protein alpha chain (C4BPA) OTHNH6Y8 C4BPA_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) OTCI2YDI GCR_HUMAN Increases Localization [24]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Increases Ubiquitination [25]
ADP/ATP translocase 2 (SLC25A5) OT1XIBMN ADT2_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Endothelin-1 (EDN1) OTZCACEG EDN1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [26]
Large ribosomal subunit protein P2 (RPLP2) OT2YBK3W RLA2_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Protein kinase C beta type (PRKCB) OTYQ0656 KPCB_HUMAN Increases Activity [27]
Retinoblastoma-associated protein (RB1) OTQJUJMZ RB_HUMAN Decreases Expression [28]
Involucrin (IVL) OT4VPNGY INVO_HUMAN Decreases Expression [29]
Growth-regulated alpha protein (CXCL1) OT3WCTZV GROA_HUMAN Increases Expression [17]
2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) OTB8HCED CN37_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1) OT310QSG PARP1_HUMAN Increases Cleavage [18]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [28]
Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial (DLAT) OT9LBJVN ODP2_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP (HSPA5) OTFUIRAO BIP_HUMAN Decreases Expression [17]
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) OTPG0K7E IMDH2_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) OTAD2HEL CCL2_HUMAN Increases Expression [17]
Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte (FABP4) OT3DKFOU FABP4_HUMAN Decreases Expression [17]
Large ribosomal subunit protein eL33 (RPL35A) OTDDJUWF RL35A_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 (ATF4) OTRFV19J ATF4_HUMAN Decreases Expression [17]
Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 2 (ORM2) OTRJGZP8 A1AG2_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Endothelin-2 (EDN2) OTQ7RCPI EDN2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [30]
Cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1) OT8Z5KLD CP7A1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [21]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1) OT8HPTKJ CCND1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [28]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [17]
Large ribosomal subunit protein uL16 (RPL10) OTBHOZGC RL10_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [17]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 (CCND3) OTNKPQ22 CCND3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [28]
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1) OT8H2YY7 AKT1_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [31]
Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM3) OTTZ5A5D ICAM3_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) OTHMARHO PPARG_HUMAN Decreases Expression [17]
Glycine--tRNA ligase (GARS1) OT5B6R9Y GARS_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1 (EIF1) OTB4GZ0V EIF1_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) OTESDI4D GSH1_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
Glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit (GCLM) OT6CP234 GSH0_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
Glutathione synthetase (GSS) OTVSBEIW GSHB_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
T-complex protein 1 subunit epsilon (CCT5) OTPZ38BT TCPE_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) OTFII9KG FAS_HUMAN Decreases Expression [17]
T-complex protein 1 subunit gamma (CCT3) OTL6EOS1 TCPG_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Gastrotropin (FABP6) OTIRQWLW FABP6_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Small ribosomal subunit protein mS29 (DAP3) OTNPEZYM RT29_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Exportin-2 (CSE1L) OTV2X99A XPO2_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 1 (NAP1L1) OTI7WBZV NP1L1_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Large ribosomal subunit protein eL27 (RPL27) OTWEOUTX RL27_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Transforming protein RhoA (RHOA) OT6YOJ9N RHOA_HUMAN Decreases Activity [33]
Small ribosomal subunit protein uS15 (RPS13) OTOMDIJ2 RS13_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Small ribosomal subunit protein eS28 (RPS28) OT12IES1 RS28_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Large ribosomal subunit protein eL32 (RPL32) OTKRQJT4 RL32_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) OTKRO61U RAC1_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Large ribosomal subunit protein eL6 (RPL6) OTRU71O4 RL6_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Single-stranded DNA-binding protein, mitochondrial (SSBP1) OTH2PZWH SSBP_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Protein kinase C delta type (PRKCD) OTSEH90E KPCD_HUMAN Increases Localization [18]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX) OTAW0V4V BAX_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 (MCL1) OT2YYI1A MCL1_HUMAN Increases Expression [20]
ATP-dependent RNA helicase A (DHX9) OT5AAOQI DHX9_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) OTT0QHQ1 FGL1_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 (STK3) OTLNSCQD STK3_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 3 (DNAJC3) OT7ROIJF DNJC3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [17]
Caspase-8 (CASP8) OTA8TVI8 CASP8_HUMAN Increases Activity [18]
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2) OT0HENJ5 NF2L2_HUMAN Increases Localization [31]
Protein Smaug homolog 2 (SAMD4B) OTVRZJ5D SMAG2_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) OTW2D6DE CSPG4_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Ribosomal protein eS27-like (RPS27L) OTZWHU0N RS27L_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Endoplasmic reticulum metallopeptidase 1 (ERMP1) OT9CIEO2 ERMP1_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RBBP6 (RBBP6) OTTVG4HU RBBP6_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Out at first protein homolog (OAF) OTOR9CR5 OAF_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Organic solute transporter subunit alpha (SLC51A) OTDJRZ0P OSTA_HUMAN Increases Expression [19]
Organic solute transporter subunit beta (SLC51B) OT4WYPSR OSTB_HUMAN Increases Expression [19]
Shieldin complex subunit 2 (SHLD2) OTMLERXL SHLD2_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1) OT4BKEJ9 GPBAR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [17]
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase rififylin (RFFL) OT85MGDH RFFL_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 2 (ABCC2) OTJSIGV5 MRP2_HUMAN Increases Expression [34]
AP-2 complex subunit mu (AP2M1) OTQCOSFN AP2M1_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Ribosomal protein eL39-like 2 (RPL39L) OTAV1MJQ RL39L_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Rho GTPase-activating protein 7 (DLC1) OTP8LMCR RHG07_HUMAN Increases Expression [33]
Bile acid receptor (NR1H4) OTWZLPTB NR1H4_HUMAN Decreases Expression [17]
Protein sprouty homolog 4 (SPRY4) OT2VK9N0 SPY4_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Endosialin (CD248) OTEBWORQ CD248_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Soluble lamin-associated protein of 75 kDa (FAM169A) OT2FDMA1 F169A_HUMAN Affects Expression [9]
Sulfotransferase 2A1 (SULT2A1) OT0ISKQ4 ST2A1_HUMAN Increases Sulfation [35]
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 (SLCO1B3) OTOM3BUH SO1B3_HUMAN Increases Uptake [12]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 104 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Bezafibrate
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Hypercholesterolaemia 5C80.0 Approved [6]
Hyperlipidaemia 5C80 Approved [7]
Hyperlipidemia 5C80.Z Approved [8]
Bezafibrate Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA) TTJ584C PPARA_HUMAN Agonist [38]
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Bezafibrate Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [39]
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Bezafibrate Interacts with 63 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) OTRT3F3U HMDH_HUMAN Increases Activity [40]
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme (ALPL) OTG7J4BP PPBT_HUMAN Decreases Activity [41]
Superoxide dismutase (SOD1) OT39TA1L SODC_HUMAN Increases Expression [42]
Cytochrome b-245 light chain (CYBA) OT16N9ZO CY24A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [42]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD) OTI4WTOP PPARD_HUMAN Increases Expression [42]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) OTE4EFH8 CP1A1_HUMAN Increases Expression [43]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (FAS) OTP9XG86 TNR6_HUMAN Increases Expression [44]
Cytochrome P450 4A11 (CYP4A11) OTPU5J0S CP4AB_HUMAN Increases Expression [44]
Aromatase (CYP19A1) OTZ6XF74 CP19A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [45]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) OTHCWT42 CP2C8_HUMAN Decreases Expression [46]
Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 2 (EPHX2) OTPTRCNW HYES_HUMAN Affects Expression [46]
Cytochrome P450 2J2 (CYP2J2) OTJBTEH8 CP2J2_HUMAN Affects Expression [46]
Protein SCO2 homolog, mitochondrial (SCO2) OTJQQDRS SCO2_HUMAN Increases Activity [47]
Nephrin (NPHS1) OT21JD3P NPHN_HUMAN Increases Expression [48]
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11) OTRU7THO ABCBB_HUMAN Decreases Expression [49]
Phospholipid-transporting ATPase ABCA1 (ABCA1) OT94G6BQ ABCA1_HUMAN Increases Expression [50]
Insulin (INS) OTZ85PDU INS_HUMAN Decreases Expression [51]
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) OT4IE164 TNFA_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [52]
Apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1) OT5THARI APOA1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [53]
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) OTFOWL2H APOE_HUMAN Increases Expression [54]
Apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2) OTQ3HGTC APOA2_HUMAN Increases Expression [55]
Apolipoprotein C-III (APOC3) OTW3520C APOC3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [56]
C-reactive protein (CRP) OT0RFT8F CRP_HUMAN Decreases Expression [57]
Apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB) OTH0UOCZ APOB_HUMAN Decreases Expression [58]
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1) OTIIZR61 IGF1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [59]
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (SERPINE1) OTT0MPQ3 PAI1_HUMAN Increases Expression [60]
Endothelin-1 (EDN1) OTZCACEG EDN1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [61]
Fatty acid-binding protein, heart (FABP3) OT562DA1 FABPH_HUMAN Decreases Expression [62]
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) OTTW0267 LIPL_HUMAN Increases Activity [56]
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver (FABP1) OTR34ETM FABPL_HUMAN Decreases Expression [62]
Choriogonadotropin subunit beta 3 (CGB3) OTVM2SU3 CGB3_HUMAN Decreases Secretion [62]
Osteopontin (SPP1) OTJGC23Y OSTP_HUMAN Decreases Expression [63]
Hepatic triacylglycerol lipase (LIPC) OTZY5SC9 LIPC_HUMAN Increases Activity [64]
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) OTAGPPOE CETP_HUMAN Decreases Activity [65]
Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte (FABP4) OT3DKFOU FABP4_HUMAN Increases Expression [66]
Platelet glycoprotein 4 (CD36) OT5CZWKY CD36_HUMAN Increases Expression [66]
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha (RXRA) OTP1TBDM RXRA_HUMAN Affects Binding [67]
Phosphatidylcholine translocator ABCB4 (ABCB4) OTE6PY83 MDR3_HUMAN Increases Expression [49]
Cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1) OT8Z5KLD CP7A1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [68]
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial (CPT2) OTIN6G20 CPT2_HUMAN Increases Expression [69]
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta (RXRB) OTNPDXG2 RXRB_HUMAN Affects Binding [67]
CD40 ligand (CD40LG) OT75Z6A6 CD40L_HUMAN Decreases Activity [70]
Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1 (ACSL1) OTB06ESI ACSL1_HUMAN Increases Expression [71]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) OTHMARHO PPARG_HUMAN Decreases Expression [62]
Leptin (LEP) OT5Q7ODW LEP_HUMAN Decreases Expression [72]
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 (FASLG) OTZARCHH TNFL6_HUMAN Affects Expression [73]
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma (RXRG) OT254B09 RXRG_HUMAN Affects Binding [67]
Very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial (ACADVL) OT50L4XB ACADV_HUMAN Increases Expression [74]
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform (CPT1A) OTI862QH CPT1A_HUMAN Increases Expression [71]
Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member A2 (ALDH3A2) OT714BUO AL3A2_HUMAN Increases Expression [75]
Oxysterols receptor LXR-beta (NR1H2) OT4APA60 NR1H2_HUMAN Increases Expression [50]
Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) OTVJJO5Z PLTP_HUMAN Decreases Activity [65]
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBF2) OTBXUNPL SRBP2_HUMAN Increases Expression [68]
Oxysterols receptor LXR-alpha (NR1H3) OT54YZ9I NR1H3_HUMAN Increases Expression [50]
Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) OTM0A0DY ACOX1_HUMAN Increases Expression [76]
Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) OTNX23LE ADIPO_HUMAN Increases Expression [77]
kinase isozyme 4, mitochondrial (PDK4) OTCMHMBZ PDK4_HUMAN Increases Expression [78]
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) OTI0DU9Y PCSK9_HUMAN Increases Expression [77]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 2 (ABCC2) OTJSIGV5 MRP2_HUMAN Increases Expression [49]
Achaete-scute homolog 2 (ASCL2) OT3D62WB ASCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [62]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 5 (ABCG5) OT1OMY93 ABCG5_HUMAN Increases Expression [68]
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) OT3RXVRD FGF21_HUMAN Increases Expression [79]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 4 (ABCC4) OTO27PAL MRP4_HUMAN Increases Transport [80]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 63 DOT(s)

References

1 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04751188) A Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Bezafibrate in Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis
2 Management of symptomatic cholelithiasis: a systematic review. Syst Rev. 2022 Dec 12;11(1):267.
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4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7104).
5 Design and synthesis of bile acid derivatives and their activity against colon cancer. RSC Med Chem. 2022 Aug 19;13(11):1391-1409.
6 Simvastatin and bezafibrate: effects on serum lipoproteins and lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity in familial hypercholesterolaemia. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1988;35(6):579-83.
7 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2668).
8 Postprandial Hyperlipidemia: Its Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Atherogenesis, and Treatments. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 11;24(18):13942.
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17 Ursodeoxycholic acid but not tauroursodeoxycholic acid inhibits proliferation and differentiation of human subcutaneous adipocytes. PLoS One. 2013 Dec 3;8(12):e82086. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082086. eCollection 2013.
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