General Information of Drug (ID: DMC7XDN)

Drug Name
Alprazolam Drug Info
Synonyms
Alcelam; Algad; Alpaz; Alplax; Alpram; Alprax; Alprazolamum; Alprazolan; Alpronax; Alprox; Alviz; Alzam; Alzolam; Alzon;Anpress; ApoAlpraz; Azor; Bestrol; Cassadan; Constan; Esparon; Frontal; Helex; Intensol; Ksalol; Mialin; Neurol; Niravam; NovoAlprazol; NuAlpraz; Panistat; Panix; Pharnax; Prazam; Prazolan; Prinox; Ralozam; Relaxol; Restyl; Solanax; Tafil; Tensivan; Tranax; Trankimazin; Tranquinal; Tricalma; Unilan; Valeans; Xanagis; Xanax; Xanolam; Xanor; Zacetin; Zanapam; Zaxan; Zenax; Zolam; Zolan; Zolarem; Zoldac; Zoldax; Zopax; Zopic; Zotran; Alphapharm Brand of Alprazolam; Alprazolam Alphapharm Brand; Alprazolam Apotex Brand; Alprazolam Kenral Brand; Alprazolam Novopharm Brand; Alprazolam Orion Brand; Alprazolam Pfizer Brand; Alprazolam Temmler Brand; Alprazolam extended release tablets; Alprazolam intensol; Alprazolam solution; Apo Alpraz; Apotex Brand of Alprazolam; Arzneimittelwerk Dresden Brand of Alprazolam; Kenral Brand of Alprazolam; Novo Alprazol; Novopharm Brand of Alprazolam; Nu Alpraz; Nu Pharm Brand of Alprazolam; Orion Brand of Alprazolam; Pfizer Brand of Alprazolam; Tafil D; Temmler Brand of Alprazolam; Xanax TS; Xanax XR; D 65MT; D65MT; TGAR01P; Tus 1; U 31889; AP-1002; AZ-002; Alprazolam Nu-Pharm Brand; Alprazolam-d5; Alprazolamum [INN-Latin]; Apo-Alpraz; D-65MT; Gen-Alprazolan; Niravam (TN); Novo-Alprazol; Nu-Alpraz; Nu-Pharm Brand of Alprazolam; Staccato-alprazolam; TUS-1; U-31889; U31,889; Xanax (TN); Xanor (TN); U-31,889; Alprazolam (JP15/USP/INN); Alprazolam [USAN:INN:BAN:JAN]; 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-(phenyl-d5)-4H-(1,2,4)triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine; 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine; 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolo(4,3-a)(1,4)benzodiazepine; 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolo(4,3-alpha)(1,4)benzodiazepine; 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [1] , [2]
Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Phase 2 [3]
Therapeutic Class
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
2118
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:2611
CAS Number
CAS 28981-97-7
TTD Drug ID
DMC7XDN
VARIDT Drug ID
DR01197
INTEDE Drug ID
DR0075
ACDINA Drug ID
D00024

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DME
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [10]
Progesterone DMUY35B Premature labour JB00 Approved [11]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [12]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [13]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [14]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [15]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [16]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [17]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [11]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [7]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [18]
Progesterone DMUY35B Premature labour JB00 Approved [19]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [20]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [9]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [21]
Sulfasalazine DMICA9H Irritable bowel syndrome DD91.0 Approved [22]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [23]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [24]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [25]
Sorafenib DMS8IFC Hepatocellular carcinoma 2C12.02 Approved [9]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Progesterone DMUY35B Premature labour JB00 Approved [26]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [9]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [9]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [9]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [27]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [28]
Sorafenib DMS8IFC Hepatocellular carcinoma 2C12.02 Approved [9]
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [9]
Irinotecan DMP6SC2 Colorectal cancer 2B91.Z Approved [9]
Metronidazole DMTIVEN Amoebiasis 1A36 Approved [29]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Progesterone DMUY35B Premature labour JB00 Approved [30]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [31]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [32]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [27]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [33]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [27]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [34]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Osteoarthritis FA00-FA05 Approved [35]
Estrone DM5T6US Menopausal and postmenopausal disorder GA30 Approved [36]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [37]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Targeting Translocator protein (TSPO)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Diazepam DM08E9O Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [38]
Flunitrazepam DMGR5Z3 Insomnia 7A00-7A0Z Approved [4]
Oxazepam DMXNZM4 Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [39]
Midazolam DMXOELT Irritability MB24 Approved [40]
Temazepam DM02A65 Insomnia 7A00-7A0Z Approved [40]
Flumazenil DMPCG2L Benzodiazepine overdose PC91 Approved [41]
Clotiazepam DM59AZT Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [42]
Quazepam DMY4D87 Insomnia 7A00-7A0Z Approved [40]
Eszopiclone DM8RZ9H Insomnia 7A00-7A0Z Approved [43]
Triazolam DMETYK5 Insomnia 7A00-7A0Z Approved [40]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Translocator protein (TSPO) TTPTXIN TSPO_HUMAN Agonist [4] , [5]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) Main DME DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [6]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Substrate [7]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) Main DME DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Substrate [8]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7) DERD86B CP3A7_HUMAN Substrate [9]

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7111).
2 FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2009. Application Number: (ANDA) 074046.
3 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
4 Comparison of five benzodiazepine-receptor agonists on buprenorphine-induced mu-opioid receptor regulation. J Pharmacol Sci. 2009 May;110(1):36-46.
5 Glutamate- and GABA-based CNS therapeutics. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2006 Feb;6(1):7-17.
6 No relevant interaction with alprazolam, caffeine, tolbutamide, and digoxin by treatment with a low-hyperforin St John's wort extract. Planta Med. 2005 Apr;71(4):331-7.
7 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
8 Identification and phenotype characterization of two CYP3A haplotypes causing different enzymatic capacity in fetal livers. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Apr;77(4):259-70.
9 Drug Interactions Flockhart Table
10 Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
11 Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
12 Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
13 Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
14 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
15 Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
16 Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
17 The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
18 Drug related genetic polymorphisms affecting adverse reactions to methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin in patients with urothelial cancer. J Urol. 2008 Dec;180(6):2389-95.
19 Human prostate CYP3A5: identification of a unique 5'-untranslated sequence and characterization of purified recombinant protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jul 14;260(3):676-81.
20 Polymorphisms in cytochrome P4503A5 (CYP3A5) may be associated with race and tumor characteristics, but not metabolism and side effects of tamoxifen in breast cancer patients. Cancer Lett. 2005 Jan 10;217(1):61-72.
21 Induction of hepatic CYP2E1 by a subtoxic dose of acetaminophen in rats: increase in dichloromethane metabolism and carboxyhemoglobin elevation. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Oct;35(10):1754-8.
22 Urinary 6 beta-hydroxycortisol excretion in rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol. 1997 Jan;36(1):54-8.
23 Clinical pharmacokinetics of imatinib. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(9):879-94.
24 Kinetics and regulation of cytochrome P450-mediated etoposide metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Sep;32(9):993-1000.
25 Differential mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 by verapamil. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 May;33(5):664-71.
26 The role of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) isoform(s) in oxidative metabolism of testosterone and benzphetamine in human adult and fetal liver. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1993 Jan;44(1):61-7.
27 Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
28 Prediction of cytochrome P450 3A inhibition by verapamil enantiomers and their metabolites. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Feb;32(2):259-66.
29 The role of human cytochrome P450 enzymes in the formation of 2-hydroxymetronidazole: CYP2A6 is the high affinity (low Km) catalyst. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Sep;41(9):1686-94.
30 Progesterone and testosterone hydroxylation by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2C9, and 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1997 Oct 1;346(1):161-9.
31 Tamoxifen inhibits cytochrome P450 2C9 activity in breast cancer patients. J Chemother. 2006 Aug;18(4):421-4.
32 Characterization of the oxidative metabolites of 17beta-estradiol and estrone formed by 15 selectively expressed human cytochrome p450 isoforms. Endocrinology. 2003 Aug;144(8):3382-98.
33 Drug-drug interactions with imatinib: an observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Oct;95(40):e5076.
34 Drug interactions with calcium channel blockers: possible involvement of metabolite-intermediate complexation with CYP3A. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Feb;28(2):125-30.
35 New insights into the structural features and functional relevance of human cytochrome P450 2C9. Part I. Curr Drug Metab. 2009 Dec;10(10):1075-126.
36 A potential role for the estrogen-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes in human breast carcinogenesis. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Dec;82(3):191-7.
37 A mechanistic approach to antiepileptic drug interactions. Ann Pharmacother. 1998 May;32(5):554-63.
38 Translocator protein (18 kDa) mediates the pro-growth effects of diazepam on Ehrlich tumor cells in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol. 2010 Jan 25;626(2-3):131-8.
39 Effects of the combination of metyrapone and oxazepam on cocaine and food self-administration in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2008 Nov;91(1):181-9.
40 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
41 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 2879).
42 Effects of benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepine compounds on the GABA-induced response in frog isolated sensory neurones. Br J Pharmacol. 1989 Nov;98(3):735-40.
43 New hypnotics: perspectives from sleep physiology. Vertex. 2007 Jul-Aug;18(74):294-9.