General Information of Disease (ID: DIS1RSP5)

Disease Name Pulmonary hypertension
Disease Class BB01: Pulmonary hypertension
Definition Increased pressure within the pulmonary circulation due to lung or heart disorder.
Disease Hierarchy
DISR4QMU: Increase blood pressure
DIS1RSP5: Pulmonary hypertension
ICD Code
ICD-11
ICD-11: BB01
ICD-10
ICD-10: I27, I27.0
ICD-9
ICD-9: 416
Expand ICD-9
416
Disease Identifiers
MONDO ID
MONDO_0005149
MESH ID
D006976
UMLS CUI
C0020542
MedGen ID
9376
SNOMED CT ID
70995007

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 15 Approved Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
Alprostadil DMWH7NQ Approved Small molecular drug [1]
Bosentan DMIOGBU Approved Small molecular drug [2]
Carvedilol DMHTEAO Approved Small molecular drug [3]
Epoprostenol DMUTYR2 Approved Small molecular drug [4]
Hydroxyurea DMOQVU9 Approved Small molecular drug [5]
Iloprost DMVPZBE Approved Small molecular drug [6]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Approved Small molecular drug [7]
Levosimendan DMKBOS2 Approved Small molecular drug [8]
LU302146 DMMJVXZ Approved NA [9]
Nitric Oxide DM1RBYG Approved Small molecular drug [10]
Tadalafil DMJZHT1 Approved Small molecular drug [11]
Tolazoline DMI40NL Approved Small molecular drug [12]
Treprostinil DMTIQF3 Approved Small molecular drug [13]
Warfarin DMJYCVW Approved Small molecular drug [14]
Beraprost DML634R Phase 4 NA [15]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 15 Drug(s)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 8 Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
Bardoxolone methyl DMODA2X Phase 3 Small molecular drug [8]
PF-1228305 DMS1EQ7 Phase 3 Small molecular drug [16]
99mTc-labelled adrenomedullin DMWT361 Phase 2 NA [17]
AZD3427 DM5ABFB Phase 2 NA [18]
Ralinepag DM7G4Y9 Phase 2 NA [19]
VentaProst DMX5M43 Phase 2 NA [8]
Autologous cell based gene therapy DMQA1VT Phase 1 NA [20]
Dichloroacetate sodium DM5X28O Phase 1 Small molecular drug [21]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 8 Drug(s)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 2 Investigative Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
DasKloster 0247-01 DML1OWQ Investigative NA [22]
Prostacyclin analog DMXCJ7O Investigative NA [23]
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Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
This Disease Is Related to 92 DTT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
FOXO1 TTLRVIA Limited Biomarker [24]
ACVRL1 TTGYPTC Strong Biomarker [25]
AGT TT5C0UB Strong Biomarker [26]
ALAS1 TTG1FXO Strong Biomarker [27]
ALOX5 TTSJ6Q4 Strong Therapeutic [28]
ALOX5AP TTDMBF5 Strong Biomarker [29]
ANGPT1 TTWNQ1T Strong Biomarker [30]
ANGPT2 TTKLQTJ Strong Biomarker [31]
ARG2 TTV1AG6 Strong Biomarker [32]
ATP2A2 TTE6THL Strong Biomarker [33]
BCL2L1 TTRE6AX Strong Therapeutic [34]
BDKRB2 TTGY8IW Strong Biomarker [35]
BIRC5 TTTPU1G Strong Biomarker [36]
BMPR2 TTGKF90 Strong Biomarker [37]
BRD4 TTSRAOU Strong Therapeutic [38]
CA9 TT2LVK8 Strong Biomarker [39]
CALCA TTVSFJW Strong Therapeutic [40]
CASR TTBUYHA Strong Biomarker [41]
CAV1 TTXUBN2 Strong Therapeutic [42]
CCL2 TTNAY0P Strong Biomarker [43]
CCN2 TTIL516 Strong Biomarker [44]
CD40 TT1ERKL Strong Therapeutic [45]
CD40LG TTIJP3Q Strong Biomarker [45]
CDKN1A TT9GUW0 Strong Therapeutic [46]
CDKN1B TTLGFVW Strong Therapeutic [47]
CLU TTRL76H Strong Biomarker [48]
CX3CL1 TT1OFBQ Strong Biomarker [49]
CX3CR1 TT2T98G Strong Biomarker [50]
CYBB TT5T8MR Strong Therapeutic [51]
CYSLTR1 TTGKOY9 Strong Biomarker [52]
ECE1 TTQ9RYT Strong Biomarker [53]
EDN1 TTJR60Z Strong Biomarker [54]
EDNRA TTKRD0G Strong Biomarker [55]
EDNRB TT3ZTGU Strong Biomarker [56]
EGR1 TTE8LGD Strong Biomarker [57]
EIF2AK4 TT9U4EP Strong Biomarker [58]
EPAS1 TTWPA54 Strong Biomarker [59]
EPHX2 TT7WVHI Strong Biomarker [60]
FGF2 TTGKIED Strong Biomarker [61]
FGFR1 TTRLW2X Strong Biomarker [61]
GATA4 TT1VDN2 Strong Biomarker [62]
GBA TT1B5PU Strong Biomarker [63]
GDF2 TTAP4T1 Strong Biomarker [64]
GJA1 TT4F7SL Strong Therapeutic [65]
GPR182 TTT23CG Strong Biomarker [66]
HDAC1 TT6R7JZ Strong Biomarker [67]
HDAC5 TTUELN5 Strong Biomarker [67]
HIF1A TTSN6QU Strong Biomarker [39]
HMGB1 TTWQYB7 Strong Therapeutic [68]
HMGCR TTPADOQ Strong Biomarker [69]
HTR2B TT0K1SC Strong Biomarker [70]
ID1 TTBXVDE Strong Biomarker [71]
IL13 TT0GVCH Strong Biomarker [72]
KCNA5 TTW0CMT Strong Biomarker [73]
KCNK3 TTGR91N Strong Biomarker [74]
KCNMA1 TTE87WJ Strong Biomarker [75]
LEPR TT0HD6V Strong Biomarker [76]
LOX TTQHNAM Strong Biomarker [77]
MMP1 TTMX39J Strong Biomarker [78]
MTOR TTCJG29 Strong Biomarker [79]
NAMPT TTD1WIG Strong Biomarker [80]
NOS3 TTCM4B3 Strong Therapeutic [81]
NPPB TTY63XT Strong Biomarker [82]
PDE3A TT06AWU Strong Biomarker [83]
PDE5A TTJ0IQB Strong Biomarker [84]
PDGFA TTSM78N Strong Biomarker [85]
PDGFB TTQA6SX Strong Biomarker [86]
PECAM1 TT4EZB2 Strong Therapeutic [34]
PRKG1 TT7IZSA Strong Biomarker [82]
PTGIS TTLXKZR Strong Biomarker [87]
RHOA TTP2U16 Strong Biomarker [88]
SERPINA1 TTA7UJC Strong Biomarker [89]
SERPINE1 TTTO43N Strong Therapeutic [90]
SLC2A4 TTP6MT5 Strong Biomarker [91]
SLC6A4 TT3ROYC Strong Biomarker [92]
SMAD1 TT9GR53 Strong Biomarker [93]
SMAD6 TTON5JB Strong Biomarker [94]
SMAD7 TT0J32Z Strong Biomarker [94]
SMAD9 TTX8EBV Strong Biomarker [94]
TACR1 TTZPO1L Strong Biomarker [95]
TACR2 TTYO0A3 Strong Biomarker [95]
TERT TTQY2EJ Strong Therapeutic [96]
TGFA TTTLQFR Strong Biomarker [97]
TGFBR1 TTP4520 Strong Biomarker [98]
TGFBR2 TTZE3P7 Strong Biomarker [99]
TNC TTUCPMY Strong ModifyingMutation [100]
TPH1 TTZSJHV Strong Biomarker [101]
TRPC3 TTNVC34 Strong Altered Expression [102]
TRPC4 TTX0H5W Strong Altered Expression [102]
UTS2 TTERU0T Strong Altered Expression [103]
VCAM1 TTHCEF6 Strong Biomarker [104]
VIP TTGTWLF Strong Biomarker [105]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 92 DTT(s)
This Disease Is Related to 3 DTP Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTP ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
ABCA3 DT2T6VQ Strong Biomarker [106]
ATP7A DT0LT17 Strong Biomarker [77]
SLC31A1 DTP8L4F Strong Biomarker [77]
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This Disease Is Related to 2 DME Molecule(s)
Gene Name DME ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
CYP1A1 DE6OQ3W Strong Biomarker [107]
HK1 DEDMAGE Strong Biomarker [108]
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This Disease Is Related to 29 DOT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DOT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
CBLN2 OT29SSBE Disputed Biomarker [109]
ACE OTDF1964 Strong Genetic Variation [110]
ARHGEF6 OTN1ABGL Strong Altered Expression [111]
ATP5F1A OT3FZDLX Strong Therapeutic [112]
ATP5PF OTDAE8FP Strong Therapeutic [113]
BMPR1B OTGFN0OD Strong Biomarker [114]
CAVIN1 OTFO915U Strong Biomarker [115]
CCL1 OT23NON8 Strong Biomarker [116]
COL1A1 OTI31178 Strong Therapeutic [117]
COL4A1 OTL6D1YE Strong Therapeutic [117]
CYBA OT16N9ZO Strong Biomarker [51]
FBLN5 OTLVNZ8U Strong Biomarker [118]
FGA OTMIHY80 Strong Genetic Variation [119]
GATA6 OTO2BC0F Strong Biomarker [120]
HAS1 OTJIAG1W Strong Biomarker [121]
HAS2 OTTD3PAL Strong Biomarker [121]
HAS3 OTPM8IL8 Strong Biomarker [121]
HIF3A OTPWAAMC Strong Biomarker [59]
HYAL1 OT2SJN0X Strong Biomarker [121]
HYAL2 OTTVINXW Strong Biomarker [121]
MFN1 OTCBXQZF Strong Biomarker [122]
NFATC2 OTK5T6HZ Strong Biomarker [73]
NPPA OTMQNTNX Strong Biomarker [123]
PDIA3 OTHPQ0Q3 Strong Biomarker [124]
RAMP2 OTGQXLH5 Strong Biomarker [125]
RELA OTUJP9CN Strong Biomarker [104]
SMAD4 OTWQWCKG Strong Biomarker [93]
SMPD3 OTHQBETH Strong Therapeutic [126]
TAC1 OTM842YW Strong Biomarker [95]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 29 DOT(s)

References

1 Alprostadil FDA Label
2 Bosentan FDA Label
3 Carvedilol FDA Label
4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 1915).
5 Hydroxyurea FDA Label
6 Iloprost FDA Label
7 Imatinib FDA Label
8 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
9 2007 FDA drug approvals: a year of flux. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008 Feb;7(2):107-9.
10 Nitric Oxide FDA Label
11 Tadalafil FDA Label
12 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7310).
13 Treprostinil FDA Label
14 Warfarin FDA Label
15 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03431649) Efficacy of Beraprost in Lowering Pulmonary Arterial Pressure in Children. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
16 Pfizer. Product Development Pipeline. March 31 2009.
17 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02216279) Phase-II Study of the Use of PulmoBind for Molecular Imaging of Pulmonary Hypertension. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
18 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05737940) A Phase IIb Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multi-centre, Dose-ranging Study of AZD3427 in Participants With Heart Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Left Heart Disease (WHO Group 2). U.S.National Institutes of Health.
19 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02279745) Long Term Safety and Efficacy of APD811 in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
20 A Phase I study of the transplantation of genetically marked autologous bone marrow stromal cells. Hum Gene Ther. 1998 Mar 1;9(4):591-600.
21 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01083524) Dichloroacetate (DCA) for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
22 The ChEMBL database in 2017. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D945-D954.
23 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 345).
24 Downregulation of Forkhead box F1 gene expression in the pulmonary vasculature of nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia.Pediatr Surg Int. 2016 Dec;32(12):1121-1126. doi: 10.1007/s00383-016-3967-1. Epub 2016 Sep 23.
25 The Role of Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 1 Signaling in the Pulmonary Vasculature of Experimental Diaphragmatic Hernia.Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2016 Feb;26(1):106-11. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1566105. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
26 Ang-(1-7) might prevent the development of monocrotaline induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats.Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2011 Jan;15(1):1-7.
27 Increased pulmonary heme oxygenase-1 and delta-aminolevulinate synthase expression in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension.Curr Neurovasc Res. 2005 Apr;2(2):133-9. doi: 10.2174/1567202053586794.
28 Phenotypically Silent Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor 2 Mutations Predispose Rats to Inflammation-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Enhancing the Risk for Neointimal Transformation.Circulation. 2019 Oct 22;140(17):1409-1425. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.040629. Epub 2019 Aug 29.
29 Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) reduces pulmonary vascular reactivity and pulmonary hypertension in hypoxic rats.J Clin Invest. 1996 Jun 1;97(11):2491-8. doi: 10.1172/JCI118696.
30 Downregulation of angiopoietin-1 and Tie2 in chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.Respiration. 2008;75(3):328-38. doi: 10.1159/000112432. Epub 2007 Dec 10.
31 Temporal changes of angiopoietins and Tie2 expression in rat lungs after monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension.Comp Med. 2009 Aug;59(4):350-6.
32 Resveratrol prevents hypoxia-induced arginase II expression and proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via Akt-dependent signaling.Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2014 Aug 15;307(4):L317-25. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00285.2013. Epub 2014 Jun 20.
33 Rats with Chronic, Stable Pulmonary Hypertension Tolerate Low Dose Sevoflurane Inhalation as Well as Normal Rats Do.PLoS One. 2016 May 4;11(5):e0154154. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154154. eCollection 2016.
34 Erythropoietin, but not asialoerythropoietin or carbamyl-erythropoietin, attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats.Clin Exp Hypertens. 2012;34(8):575-81. doi: 10.3109/10641963.2012.681728. Epub 2012 May 4.
35 Treatment of severe pulmonary hypertension: a bradykinin receptor 2 agonist B9972 causes reduction of pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy.Peptides. 2005 Aug;26(8):1292-300. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2005.03.050.
36 Gene therapy targeting survivin selectively induces pulmonary vascular apoptosis and reverses pulmonary arterial hypertension.J Clin Invest. 2005 Jun;115(6):1479-91. doi: 10.1172/JCI23203.
37 Modification of hemodynamic and immune responses to exposure with a weak antigen by the expression of a hypomorphic BMPR2 gene.PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e55180. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055180. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
38 Bromodomain-Containing Protein 4: The Epigenetic Origin of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.Circ Res. 2015 Aug 28;117(6):525-35. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.307004. Epub 2015 Jul 29.
39 Hypoxia inducible-factor1alpha regulates the metabolic shift of pulmonary hypertensive endothelial cells.Am J Pathol. 2010 Mar;176(3):1130-8. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090832. Epub 2010 Jan 28.
40 CGRP and somatostatin modulate chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.Am J Physiol. 1992 Sep;263(3 Pt 2):H681-90. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1992.263.3.H681.
41 Enhanced Ca(2+)-sensing receptor function in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.Circ Res. 2012 Aug 3;111(4):469-81. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.266361. Epub 2012 Jun 22.
42 Ruscogenin attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats.Int Immunopharmacol. 2013 May;16(1):7-16. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.03.010. Epub 2013 Mar 26.
43 Prenatal treatment with rosiglitazone attenuates vascular remodeling and pulmonary monocyte influx in experimental congenital diaphragmatic hernia.PLoS One. 2018 Nov 12;13(11):e0206975. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206975. eCollection 2018.
44 Endogenous hydrogen sulfide regulates pulmonary artery collagen remodeling in rats with high pulmonary blood flow.Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2009 May;234(5):504-12. doi: 10.3181/0807-RM-230. Epub 2009 Feb 20.
45 Interruption of CD40 Pathway Improves Efficacy of Transplanted Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Monocrotaline Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015;36(2):683-96. doi: 10.1159/000430130.
46 Activation of PPAR- ameliorates pulmonary arterial hypertension via inducing heme oxygenase-1 and p21(WAF1): an in vivo study in rats.Life Sci. 2014 Mar 7;98(1):39-43. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.12.208. Epub 2014 Jan 8.
47 17-Estradiol attenuates hypoxic pulmonary hypertension via estrogen receptor-mediated effects.Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012 May 1;185(9):965-80. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201107-1293OC. Epub 2012 Mar 1.
48 Secretory clusterin is upregulated in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by systemic-to-pulmonary shunts and exerts important roles in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2015 Feb;213(2):505-18. doi: 10.1111/apha.12352. Epub 2014 Aug 25.
49 [The change of fractalkine in lung tissue of rat with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension].Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2008 Mar;39(2):227-30.
50 Fractalkine-induced smooth muscle cell proliferation in pulmonary hypertension.Eur Respir J. 2007 May;29(5):937-43. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00104706. Epub 2006 Dec 20.
51 Oxidative stress contributes to pulmonary hypertension in the transgenic (mRen2)27 rat.Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008 Jun;294(6):H2659-68. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00953.2007. Epub 2008 Apr 18.
52 [Preventive effects of montelukast on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in rats].Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2003 Jul;34(3):555-8.
53 [Chronic theatment with an endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor reduces the development of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in rat].Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova. 2008 Jul;94(7):777-84.
54 Correlation of plasma endothelin-1 levels with pulmonary hypertension after inhaled nitric oxide therapy.J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2009 Jul-Sep;21(3):106-10.
55 Inhibition of endothelin-1 and hypoxia-induced pulmonary pressor responses in the rat by a novel selective endothelin-A receptor antagonist, di-n-butylaminocarbamyl-L-leucyl-D-tryptophanyl-D-4-chloro-Phe.J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2010 Sep;56(3):246-54. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181e89f36.
56 Endotoxin causes pulmonary hypertension by upregulating smooth muscle endothelin type-B receptors: role of aldose reductase.Shock. 2008 Aug;30(2):189-96. doi: 10.1097/shk.0b013e318160f03b.
57 Egr-1 expression during neointimal development in flow-associated pulmonary hypertension.Am J Pathol. 2011 Nov;179(5):2199-209. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.07.030. Epub 2011 Sep 13.
58 EIF2AK4 mutations cause pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, a recessive form of pulmonary hypertension. Nat Genet. 2014 Jan;46(1):65-9. doi: 10.1038/ng.2844. Epub 2013 Dec 1.
59 Differential expression of three hypoxia-inducible factor-alpha subunits in pulmonary arteries of rat with hypoxia-induced hypertension.Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2005 Oct;37(10):665-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7270.2005.00095.x.
60 Inhibition of the soluble epoxide hydrolase attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats.J Hypertens. 2009 Feb;27(2):322-31. doi: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e32831aedfa.
61 Endothelial-derived FGF2 contributes to the progression of pulmonary hypertension in humans and rodents.J Clin Invest. 2009 Mar;119(3):512-23. doi: 10.1172/JCI35070. Epub 2009 Feb 9.
62 Pulmonary hypertension-induced GATA4 activation in the right ventricle.Hypertension. 2010 Dec;56(6):1145-51. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.160515. Epub 2010 Nov 8.
63 Pulmonary hypertension in type 1 Gaucher's disease: genetic and epigenetic determinants of phenotype and response to therapy.Mol Genet Metab. 2002 Sep-Oct;77(1-2):91-8. doi: 10.1016/s1096-7192(02)00122-1.
64 Novel homozygous BMP9 nonsense mutation causes pulmonary arterial hypertension: a case report.BMC Pulm Med. 2016 Jan 22;16:17. doi: 10.1186/s12890-016-0183-7.
65 Sildenafil improves long-term effect of endothelial progenitor cell-based treatment for monocrotaline-induced rat pulmonary arterial hypertension.Cytotherapy. 2013 Feb;15(2):209-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2012.09.002. Epub 2012 Dec 11.
66 Expression of adrenomedullin and its receptor in lungs of rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.Chin Med J (Engl). 2002 Dec;115(12):1806-8.
67 Histone deacetylation inhibition in pulmonary hypertension: therapeutic potential of valproic acid and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid.Circulation. 2012 Jul 24;126(4):455-67. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.103176. Epub 2012 Jun 18.
68 HMGB1 promotes the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats.PLoS One. 2014 Jul 17;9(7):e102482. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102482. eCollection 2014.
69 Attenuation of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by simvastatin.Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2003 Sep;285(3):H938-45. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.01097.2002. Epub 2003 May 15.
70 Serotonin 5-HT(2B) receptor loss of function mutation in a patient with fenfluramine-associated primary pulmonary hypertension. Cardiovasc Res. 2003 Dec 1;60(3):518-28. doi: 10.1016/j.cardiores.2003.09.015.
71 Smad-dependent and smad-independent induction of id1 by prostacyclin analogues inhibits proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo. Circ Res. 2010 Jul 23;107(2):252-62. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.209940. Epub 2010 Jun 3.
72 Plasma cytokine profiles in systemic sclerosis: associations with autoantibody subsets and clinical manifestations.Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11(5):R147. doi: 10.1186/ar2821. Epub 2009 Oct 2.
73 Imbalance of NFATc2 and KV1.5 Expression in Rat Pulmonary Vasculature of Nitrofen-Induced Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2017 Feb;27(1):68-73. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1587589. Epub 2016 Aug 14.
74 Characterization and regulation of wild-type and mutant TASK-1 two pore domain potassium channels indicated in pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Physiol. 2019 Feb;597(4):1087-1101. doi: 10.1113/JP277275. Epub 2018 Nov 24.
75 BK channels in rat and human pulmonary smooth muscle cells are BK-(1) functional complexes lacking the oxygen-sensitive stress axis regulated exon insert. Pulm Circ. 2016 Dec;6(4):563-575. doi: 10.1086/688838.
76 Elevated pulmonary arterial pressure in Zucker diabetic fatty rats.PLoS One. 2019 Jan 28;14(1):e0211281. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211281. eCollection 2019.
77 Upregulated copper transporters in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 10;9(3):e90544. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090544. eCollection 2014.
78 Simvastatin attenuates pulmonary vascular remodelling by down-regulating matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -9 expression in a carotid artery-jugular vein shunt pulmonary hypertension model in rats.Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2012 Nov;42(5):e121-7. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezs445.
79 Rapamycin reverses pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation in pulmonary hypertension.Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2013 May;48(5):568-77. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0429OC.
80 Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Promotes Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling and Is a Therapeutic Target in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.Circulation. 2017 Apr 18;135(16):1532-1546. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024557. Epub 2017 Feb 15.
81 Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4) ): Targeting endothelial nitric oxide synthase as a potential therapy for pulmonary hypertension.Cardiovasc Ther. 2018 Feb;36(1). doi: 10.1111/1755-5922.12312. Epub 2017 Dec 3.
82 Attenuated vasodilatation in lambs with endogenous and exogenous activation of cGMP signaling: role of protein kinase G nitration.J Cell Physiol. 2011 Dec;226(12):3104-13. doi: 10.1002/jcp.22692.
83 Increased expression of the cGMP-inhibited cAMP-specific (PDE3) and cGMP binding cGMP-specific (PDE5) phosphodiesterases in models of pulmonary hypertension.Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Dec;137(8):1187-94. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704984.
84 Tadalafil, a long-acting inhibitor of PDE5, improves pulmonary hemodynamics and survival rate of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary artery hypertension in rats.J Pharmacol Sci. 2009 Nov;111(3):235-43. doi: 10.1254/jphs.09110fp. Epub 2009 Oct 31.
85 Increased expression of PDGF A- and B-chain genes in rat lungs with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.Am J Physiol. 1993 Feb;264(2 Pt 1):L100-6. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.1993.264.2.L100.
86 Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 /platelet derived growth factor axis in HIV-associated pulmonary vascular remodeling.Respir Res. 2011 Aug 5;12(1):103. doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-12-103.
87 Repeated gene transfer of naked prostacyclin synthase plasmid into skeletal muscles attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension and prolongs survival in rats.Hum Gene Ther. 2004 Dec;15(12):1270-8. doi: 10.1089/hum.2004.15.1270.
88 Endothelin-1 and serotonin are involved in activation of RhoA/Rho kinase signaling in the chronically hypoxic hypertensive rat pulmonary circulation.J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2007 Dec;50(6):697-702. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181593774.
89 Chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in rats and increased elastolytic activity.Am J Physiol. 1991 Dec;261(6 Pt 2):H1716-26. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1991.261.6.H1716.
90 A Selective Transforming Growth Factor- Ligand Trap Attenuates Pulmonary Hypertension.Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2016 Nov 1;194(9):1140-1151. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201510-1955OC.
91 Upregulation of GLUT-4 in right ventricle of rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension.Med Sci Monit. 2008 Dec;14(12):BR261-4.
92 Continuous fluoxetine administration prevents recurrence of pulmonary arterial hypertension and prolongs survival in rats.Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2009 Aug;36(8):e1-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05181.x. Epub 2009 Mar 26.
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