Details of Disease

Disease Name

Barrett esophagus

Barrett metaplasia; adenocarcinoma of esophagus; adenocarcinoma of oesophagus; Barrett's ulcer of oesophagus; ulcerative esophagitis; columnar-lined oesophagus; columnar-lined esophagus; cello; Barrett's oesophagus; columnar epithelial-lined Lower oesophagus; Barrett's esophagus with esophagitis; Barrett's oesophagus with esophagitis; Barrett's ulcer of esophagus; Barrett esophagus; Barrett esophagus/esophageal adenocarcinoma; CLE; columnar epithelial-lined Lower esophagus; Barrett's esophagus; BE; Barretts syndrome

Definition

Esophageal lesion lined with columnar metaplastic epithelium which is flat or villiform. Barrett epithelium is characterized by two different types of cells: goblet cells and columnar cells. The symptomatology of Barrett esophagus is that of gastro-esophageal reflux. It is the precursor of most esophageal adenocarcinomas. (WHO)

Disease Hierarchy

DIS5L3HQ: Esophageal disorder

DIS416Y7: Barrett esophagus

Disease Identifiers

MONDO ID

MONDO_0013662

MESH ID

D001471

UMLS CUI

C0004763

OMIM ID

614266

MedGen ID

2551

HPO ID

HP:0100580

Orphanet ID

1232

SNOMED CT ID

302914006

General Information of Disease (ID: DIS416Y7)

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

This Disease Is Related to 44 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
KCNH2	TTQ6VDM	Limited	Biomarker	[1]
MSR1	TT2TDH9	Limited	Unknown	[2]
NR1H4	TTS4UGC	Limited	Biomarker	[3]
SLC10A2	TTPI1M5	Limited	Altered Expression	[4]
TNFRSF12A	TTKPS7V	Limited	Biomarker	[5]
BMP4	TTD3BSX	moderate	Altered Expression	[6]
CCNA2	TTAMQ62	moderate	Biomarker	[7]
MCL1	TTL53M6	moderate	Biomarker	[8]
AGR2	TT9K86S	Strong	Biomarker	[9]
ANXA10	TT0NL6U	Strong	Altered Expression	[10]
APOB	TTN1IE2	Strong	Genetic Variation	[11]
ATP4A	TTF1QVM	Strong	Biomarker	[12]
BECN1	TT5M7LN	Strong	Biomarker	[13]
BUB1	TT78309	Strong	Altered Expression	[14]
CD1A	TTBGTFN	Strong	Biomarker	[15]
CFTR	TTRLZHP	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
CLDN4	TTMTS9H	Strong	Altered Expression	[17]
CRTC1	TT4GO0F	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
CTSE	TTLXC4Q	Strong	Altered Expression	[18]
FABP1	TTIV96N	Strong	Altered Expression	[19]
GAST	TT4LRVO	Strong	Altered Expression	[20]
GJC2	TTPOCAL	Strong	Biomarker	[21]
HGF	TT4V2JM	Strong	Biomarker	[22]
IGFBP3	TTZHNQA	Strong	Biomarker	[23]
IL18RAP	TTZUJVE	Strong	Genetic Variation	[24]
IL23R	TT6H4QR	Strong	Genetic Variation	[25]
ITGAE	TTH0Z37	Strong	Biomarker	[26]
JMJD1C	TTBISK4	Strong	Genetic Variation	[27]
KLRC1	TTC4IMS	Strong	Biomarker	[28]
MADCAM1	TTBD6I7	Strong	Biomarker	[29]
MSR1	TT2TDH9	Strong	Biomarker	[30]
MUC17	TTVO0JU	Strong	Altered Expression	[31]
MUC5AC	TTEL90S	Strong	Biomarker	[9]
NR1I2	TT7LCTF	Strong	Altered Expression	[32]
PGC	TT7K6AD	Strong	Biomarker	[33]
PPARG	TTT2SVW	Strong	Altered Expression	[34]
PTGER2	TT1ZAVI	Strong	Altered Expression	[35]
PTGES	TTYLQ8V	Strong	Biomarker	[36]
SLC12A6	TT8DFHE	Strong	Genetic Variation	[37]
SLC9A1	TTGSEFH	Strong	Biomarker	[8]
SST	TTWF7UG	Strong	Biomarker	[38]
TFF1	TTNOJIZ	Strong	Biomarker	[39]
ZNF217	TTY3BRA	Strong	Biomarker	[40]
CYP26A1	TTD7Q0R	Definitive	Biomarker	[41]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 44 DTT(s)

This Disease Is Related to 2 DTP Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTP ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
ABCC5	DTYVM24	Strong	Biomarker	[16]
ATP12A	DT5NLZA	Strong	Biomarker	[12]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

This Disease Is Related to 4 DME Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DME ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
AKR1C2	DEOY5ZM	Limited	Biomarker	[42]
MGST1	DEAPJSO	Strong	Genetic Variation	[43]
MSRA	DEU2ZBY	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
SI	DE5EO4Y	Strong	Biomarker	[44]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

This Disease Is Related to 116 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
AMPD1	OTU17BCI	Limited	Altered Expression	[45]
CTHRC1	OTV88X2G	Limited	Autosomal dominant	[46]
EIF2B5	OTV3R4RB	Limited	Biomarker	[47]
GPX3	OT6PK94R	Limited	Biomarker	[48]
MAX	OTKZ0YKM	Limited	Altered Expression	[45]
MSR1	OTHANJ7A	Limited	Unknown	[2]
MUC2	OT3X4QVX	Limited	Altered Expression	[49]
PITX1	OTA0UN4C	Limited	Altered Expression	[50]
RFX1	OTZUDMPR	Limited	Altered Expression	[51]
RTRAF	OTJ6NVMW	Limited	Biomarker	[47]
TRIM21	OTA4UJCF	Limited	Altered Expression	[52]
EYA4	OTINGR3Z	moderate	Altered Expression	[53]
ADIPOR2	OT2HDTL8	Strong	Biomarker	[54]
AGO3	OTNQGROH	Strong	Genetic Variation	[37]
ASCC1	OTH4VAP9	Strong	Biomarker	[30]
ATOH1	OTBZYG2R	Strong	Altered Expression	[55]
ATP2A3	OTFYDEES	Strong	Biomarker	[56]
B3GAT2	OTNSM9XP	Strong	Posttranslational Modification	[57]
BARX1	OT2VP73H	Strong	Genetic Variation	[58]
BEST2	OT48WOL1	Strong	Genetic Variation	[59]
BEST3	OTMY8G20	Strong	Biomarker	[60]
BFAR	OTTBG0V7	Strong	Biomarker	[3]
BNC2	OTU22H9Z	Strong	Altered Expression	[61]
C9	OT7I5FDX	Strong	Altered Expression	[62]
CDH13	OTD2CYM5	Strong	Biomarker	[63]
CDH17	OT9EV2XK	Strong	Altered Expression	[19]
CDO1	OTLG1P77	Strong	Posttranslational Modification	[64]
CEP72	OTVYNPNL	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
CHST11	OTNJJ5Q1	Strong	Biomarker	[65]
CLDN2	OTRF3D6Y	Strong	Altered Expression	[66]
COX2	OTTMVBJJ	Strong	Biomarker	[67]
CYLD	OT37FKH0	Strong	Biomarker	[68]
DAD1	OTUUNQBT	Strong	Biomarker	[69]
EPC2	OTTG0W9R	Strong	Biomarker	[70]
FABP6	OTIRQWLW	Strong	Biomarker	[71]
FNDC3B	OTBILGDR	Strong	Biomarker	[72]
FOXA3	OTRGT2OT	Strong	Altered Expression	[73]
FOXF1	OT2CJZ5K	Strong	Genetic Variation	[74]
FRZB	OTTO3DPY	Strong	Posttranslational Modification	[75]
GDF7	OTNZY74B	Strong	Genetic Variation	[76]
GKN1	OT7ZYFQ9	Strong	Biomarker	[77]
GNL3	OTILGYO4	Strong	Biomarker	[78]
GOLM1	OTOZSV6O	Strong	Biomarker	[79]
GPX7	OTINT9Z4	Strong	Altered Expression	[80]
GRB7	OTF8Y9XY	Strong	Genetic Variation	[81]
HAS2	OTTD3PAL	Strong	Altered Expression	[65]
HGD	OTTKLQOO	Strong	Biomarker	[82]
HOXB6	OT3TFQ0U	Strong	Altered Expression	[83]
HOXB7	OTC7WYU8	Strong	Altered Expression	[83]
HTR3C	OT65ZLIJ	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
ICAM2	OT3E070F	Strong	Biomarker	[84]
ICAM3	OTTZ5A5D	Strong	Biomarker	[84]
IFNK	OTO2WDPX	Strong	Biomarker	[85]
IGF2BP3	OTB97VIK	Strong	Biomarker	[86]
IKBIP	OTVFQEPA	Strong	Genetic Variation	[37]
ITLN1	OT7ZLJVV	Strong	Biomarker	[87]
KLF5	OT1ABI9N	Strong	Biomarker	[88]
KRT14	OTUVZ1DW	Strong	Altered Expression	[89]
MAL	OTBM30SW	Strong	Posttranslational Modification	[90]
MCC	OTQVI1EM	Strong	Genetic Variation	[91]
MICB	OTS2DVDW	Strong	Biomarker	[92]
MPG	OTAHW80B	Strong	Altered Expression	[93]
MSH5	OTDARQT3	Strong	Biomarker	[92]
MSX1	OT5U41ZP	Strong	Genetic Variation	[94]
MUC3A	OTI4XUDY	Strong	Biomarker	[55]
MUC5B	OTPW6K5C	Strong	Biomarker	[9]
MUC6	OTPVL723	Strong	Altered Expression	[49]
MYO9B	OTQ94R5K	Strong	Genetic Variation	[95]
NET1	OTZHNMJV	Strong	Biomarker	[96]
NOX5	OTHTH59G	Strong	Biomarker	[36]
OMA1	OT0JRVY7	Strong	Biomarker	[97]
OR12D3	OTQ9XNBB	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
OR5V1	OTSYXOD6	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
PCGF5	OTDF5C72	Strong	Altered Expression	[98]
PIGA	OT51UWUR	Strong	Genetic Variation	[99]
PKP1	OT9HSQ8F	Strong	Posttranslational Modification	[100]
PPIE	OTIE5OAD	Strong	Genetic Variation	[101]
QRSL1	OTJDU2UG	Strong	Biomarker	[102]
RABEP2	OTO61X27	Strong	Genetic Variation	[103]
RBP1	OTRP1MFC	Strong	Biomarker	[104]
RELA	OTUJP9CN	Strong	Altered Expression	[105]
RFC3	OT1MS7AO	Strong	Biomarker	[106]
RIN2	OTCY73U9	Strong	Biomarker	[21]
RNF11	OTFBJSKQ	Strong	Altered Expression	[98]
RNF121	OTA0YMLW	Strong	Altered Expression	[98]
RNF128	OTJO86CJ	Strong	Altered Expression	[107]
RNF130	OT7DWTFH	Strong	Altered Expression	[98]
RNF139	OT0PR1X5	Strong	Altered Expression	[98]
RNF14	OTWX0D0H	Strong	Altered Expression	[98]
RNF141	OT07ANSG	Strong	Altered Expression	[98]
RNF24	OTUZI597	Strong	Altered Expression	[98]
RNF32	OTFWOOIC	Strong	Altered Expression	[98]
RPP21	OT53MDNE	Strong	Biomarker	[92]
RPRM	OTNNBAS1	Strong	Biomarker	[108]
S100A7	OTJFVJRF	Strong	Altered Expression	[109]
SAFB	OTGRV2LW	Strong	Biomarker	[110]
SAGE1	OT4H6FFA	Strong	Altered Expression	[111]
SKI	OT4KJ8F6	Strong	Altered Expression	[112]
SKIL	OTNBXH32	Strong	Altered Expression	[112]
SLC22A18	OT9C3KR4	Strong	Biomarker	[110]
SPAG11A	OTNQ9UB0	Strong	Altered Expression	[35]
SPINK4	OTHTCW94	Strong	Biomarker	[87]
TAS2R13	OTSTOX5G	Strong	Altered Expression	[113]
TBX5	OT70PISV	Strong	Genetic Variation	[76]
TFF2	OTRXB19X	Strong	Biomarker	[39]
TFF3	OTJJDRTU	Strong	Biomarker	[114]
THEMIS	OTXODBXJ	Strong	Biomarker	[115]
TMEFF2	OT1WZ2QO	Strong	Posttranslational Modification	[69]
TMOD1	OTTRYF9Y	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
TPPP	OTCFMSUF	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
TREX1	OTQG7K12	Strong	Biomarker	[116]
TRIM31	OT7VW6RP	Strong	Altered Expression	[98]
TRIM39	OTESLVP9	Strong	Biomarker	[92]
TSPAN18	OTHSGPVB	Strong	Biomarker	[117]
TSPYL2	OTGGW2EF	Strong	Genetic Variation	[118]
APOBEC1	OTY8QX2R	Definitive	Altered Expression	[119]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 116 DOT(s)

References

1	The hERG1 Potassium Channel Behaves As Prognostic Factor In Gastric Dysplasia Endoscopic Samples.Onco Targets Ther. 2019 Nov 7;12:9377-9384. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S226257. eCollection 2019.
2	The Gene Curation Coalition: A global effort to harmonize gene-disease evidence resources. Genet Med. 2022 Aug;24(8):1732-1742. doi: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.04.017. Epub 2022 May 4.
3	Acidic Bile Salts Induce Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition via VEGF Signaling in Non-Neoplastic Barrett's Cells.Gastroenterology. 2019 Jan;156(1):130-144.e10. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.09.046. Epub 2018 Sep 27.
4	Relationships of CDXs and apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter in Barrett's esophagus.World J Gastroenterol. 2013 May 14;19(18):2736-9. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i18.2736.
5	The deposition of anti-DNA IgG contributes to the development of cutaneous lupus erythematosus.Immunol Lett. 2017 Nov;191:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.09.003. Epub 2017 Sep 9.
6	BMP4 Signaling Is Able to Induce an Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Like Phenotype in Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma through Induction of SNAIL2.PLoS One. 2016 May 18;11(5):e0155754. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155754. eCollection 2016.
7	Cyclin A immunocytology as a risk stratification tool for Barrett's esophagus surveillance.Clin Cancer Res. 2007 Jan 15;13(2 Pt 1):659-65. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1385.
8	Characterization of squamous esophageal cells resistant to bile acids at acidic pH: implication for Barrett's esophagus pathogenesis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Feb;300(2):G292-302.
9	Elucidation of the AGR2 Interactome in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cells Identifies a Redox-Sensitive Chaperone Hub for the Quality Control of MUC-5AC.Antioxid Redox Signal. 2019 Nov 20;31(15):1117-1132. doi: 10.1089/ars.2018.7647. Epub 2019 Sep 25.
10	Gene expression profile comparison of Barrett's esophagus epithelial cell cultures and biopsies.Dis Esophagus. 2008;21(7):628-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2008.00810.x. Epub 2008 Apr 22.
11	Gastroesophageal reflux GWAS identifies risk loci that also associate with subsequent severe esophageal diseases.Nat Commun. 2019 Sep 16;10(1):4219. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11968-2.
12	Esomeprazole and aspirin in Barrett's oesophagus (AspECT): a randomised factorial trial.Lancet. 2018 Aug 4;392(10145):400-408. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31388-6. Epub 2018 Jul 26.
13	The decreased expression of Beclin-1 correlates with progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma: the role of deoxycholic acid.Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2012 Apr 15;302(8):G864-72. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00340.2011. Epub 2012 Feb 2.
14	Differential expression of the MAD2, BUB1 and HSP27 genes in Barrett's oesophagus-their association with aneuploidy and neoplastic progression.Mutat Res. 2004 Mar 22;547(1-2):133-44. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.12.009.
15	CD1a expression by Barrett's metaplasia of gastric type may help to predict its evolution towards cancer.Br J Cancer. 2005 Mar 14;92(5):888-90. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602415.
16	Genome-wide association studies in oesophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's oesophagus: a large-scale meta-analysis.Lancet Oncol. 2016 Oct;17(10):1363-1373. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30240-6. Epub 2016 Aug 12.
17	How good is the neosquamous epithelium?.Dig Dis. 2014;32(1-2):164-70. doi: 10.1159/000357185. Epub 2014 Feb 28.
18	High Expression of Cathepsin E in Tissues but Not Blood of Patients with Barrett's Esophagus and Adenocarcinoma.Ann Surg Oncol. 2015 Jul;22(7):2431-8. doi: 10.1245/s10434-014-4155-y. Epub 2014 Oct 28.
19	FABP1 and Hepar expression levels in Barrett's esophagus and associated neoplasia in an Asian population.Dig Liver Dis. 2017 Oct;49(10):1104-1109. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2017.06.014. Epub 2017 Jul 27.
20	Proton Pump Inhibitors and Radiofrequency Ablation for Treatment of Barrett's Esophagus.Mini Rev Med Chem. 2020;20(11):975-987. doi: 10.2174/1389557519666191015203636.
21	DNA methylation as an adjunct to histopathology to detect prevalent, inconspicuous dysplasia and early-stage neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus.Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Feb 15;19(4):878-88. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-2880. Epub 2012 Dec 14.
22	Activation of NFkappaB represents the central event in the neoplastic progression associated with Barrett's esophagus: a possible link to the inflammation and overexpression of COX-2, PPARgamma and growth factors. Dig Dis Sci. 2004 Aug;49(7-8):1075-83. doi: 10.1023/b:ddas.0000037790.11724.70.
23	A population-based study of IGF axis polymorphisms and the esophageal inflammation, metaplasia, adenocarcinoma sequence.Gastroenterology. 2010 Jul;139(1):204-12.e3. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.04.014. Epub 2010 Apr 24.
24	Genes of the interleukin-18 pathway are associated with susceptibility to Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.Am J Gastroenterol. 2012 Sep;107(9):1331-41. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2012.134. Epub 2012 Jun 5.
25	Association between idiopathic achalasia and IL23R gene.Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2010 Jul;22(7):734-8, e218. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2010.01497.x. Epub 2010 Mar 31.
26	The immune cell composition in Barrett's metaplastic tissue resembles that in normal duodenal tissue.PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e33899. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033899. Epub 2012 Apr 3.
27	Polymorphisms in genes in the androgen pathway and risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.Int J Cancer. 2016 Mar 1;138(5):1146-52. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29863. Epub 2015 Oct 5.
28	Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells Display Diminished Effector Capacity in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma.Front Immunol. 2019 Jul 10;10:1580. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01580. eCollection 2019.
29	The Microenvironment in Barrett's Esophagus Tissue Is Characterized by High FOXP3 and RALDH2 Levels.Front Immunol. 2018 Jun 18;9:1375. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01375. eCollection 2018.
30	Germline mutations in MSR1, ASCC1, and CTHRC1 in patients with Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.JAMA. 2011 Jul 27;306(4):410-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.1029.
31	Mucin gene expression in Barrett's oesophagus: an in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemical study.Gut. 2000 Dec;47(6):753-61. doi: 10.1136/gut.47.6.753.
32	Hepatocyte Antigen Expression in Barrett Esophagus and Associated Neoplasia.Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2018 Sep;26(8):557-561. doi: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000491.
33	Gastric proteases in Barrett's esophagus.Gastroenterology. 1987 Oct;93(4):774-8. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(87)90439-2.
34	Enhanced PPAR-gamma expression may correlate with the development of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.Oncol Res. 2011;19(3-4):141-7. doi: 10.3727/096504011x12935427587849.
35	Prostaglandin EP2 receptor expression is increased in Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma.Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Feb 1;31(3):440-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04172.x. Epub 2009 Oct 16.
36	Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy on NOX5, mPGES1 and iNOS expression in Barrett's Esophagus.Sci Rep. 2019 Nov 7;9(1):16242. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-52800-7.
37	Interactions Between Genetic Variants and Environmental Factors Affect Risk of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma and Barrett's Esophagus.Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Oct;16(10):1598-1606.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.03.007. Epub 2018 Mar 15.
38	Hypermethylation of the somatostatin promoter is a common, early event in human esophageal carcinogenesis. Cancer. 2008 Jan 1;112(1):43-9. doi: 10.1002/cncr.23135.
39	Possible application of trefoil factor family peptides in gastroesophageal reflux and Barrett's esophagus.Peptides. 2019 May;115:27-31. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.02.007. Epub 2019 Mar 1.
40	Aneusomy detected by fluorescence in-situ hybridization has high positive predictive value for Barrett's dysplasia.Histopathology. 2015 Oct;67(4):451-6. doi: 10.1111/his.12679. Epub 2015 Apr 27.
41	A novel role for the retinoic acid-catabolizing enzyme CYP26A1 in Barrett's associated adenocarcinoma. Oncogene. 2008 May 8;27(21):2951-60.
42	Proteomic screening of a cell line model of esophageal carcinogenesis identifies cathepsin D and aldo-keto reductase 1C2 and 1B10 dysregulation in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.J Proteome Res. 2008 May;7(5):1953-62. doi: 10.1021/pr7007835. Epub 2008 Apr 9.
43	Germline variation in inflammation-related pathways and risk of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma.Gut. 2017 Oct;66(10):1739-1747. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-311622. Epub 2016 Aug 2.
44	Detection of Barrett's adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia with sucrase isomaltase and p53.Ann Thorac Surg. 1996 Nov;62(5):1460-5; discussion 1465-6. doi: 10.1016/0003-4975(96)00749-7.
45	Oesophageal adenocarcinoma is associated with a deregulation in the MYC/MAX/MAD network.Br J Cancer. 2008 Jun 17;98(12):1985-92. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604398. Epub 2008 May 20.
46	Classification of Genes: Standardized Clinical Validity Assessment of Gene-Disease Associations Aids Diagnostic Exome Analysis and Reclassifications. Hum Mutat. 2017 May;38(5):600-608. doi: 10.1002/humu.23183. Epub 2017 Feb 13.
47	Analysis of a new begomovirus unveils a composite element conserved in the CP gene promoters of several Geminiviridae genera: Clues to comprehend the complex regulation of late genes.PLoS One. 2019 Jan 23;14(1):e0210485. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210485. eCollection 2019.
48	Overview of major molecular alterations during progression from Barrett's esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016 Oct;1381(1):74-91. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13134. Epub 2016 Jul 14.
49	Cdx2 expression and its promoter methylation during metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence in Barrett's esophagus.World J Gastroenterol. 2013 Jan 28;19(4):536-41. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i4.536.
50	Hypersensitive IFN Responses in Lupus Keratinocytes Reveal Key Mechanistic Determinants in Cutaneous Lupus.J Immunol. 2019 Apr 1;202(7):2121-2130. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800650. Epub 2019 Feb 11.
51	Study of FoxA pioneer factor at silent genes reveals Rfx-repressed enhancer at Cdx2 and a potential indicator of esophageal adenocarcinoma development.PLoS Genet. 2011 Sep;7(9):e1002277. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002277. Epub 2011 Sep 15.
52	TWEAK/Fn14 Activation Participates in Ro52-Mediated Photosensitization in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus.Front Immunol. 2017 May 31;8:651. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00651. eCollection 2017.
53	Frequent methylation of eyes absent 4 gene in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Apr;14(4):830-4. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0506.
54	Adiponectin and leptin receptors expression in Barrett's esophagus and normal squamous epithelium in relation to central obesity status.J Physiol Pharmacol. 2013 Apr;64(2):193-9.
55	Math1/Atoh1 contributes to intestinalization of esophageal keratinocytes by inducing the expression of Muc2 and Keratin-20.Dig Dis Sci. 2012 Apr;57(4):845-57. doi: 10.1007/s10620-011-1998-y. Epub 2011 Dec 7.
56	Whole genome expression array profiling highlights differences in mucosal defense genes in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.PLoS One. 2011;6(7):e22513. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022513. Epub 2011 Jul 28.
57	Methylated B3GAT2 and ZNF793 Are Potential Detection Biomarkers for Barrett's Esophagus.Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2015 Dec;24(12):1890-7. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-15-0370. Epub 2015 Nov 6.
58	A genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for esophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's esophagus.Nat Genet. 2013 Dec;45(12):1487-93. doi: 10.1038/ng.2796. Epub 2013 Oct 13.
59	Risk stratification of Barrett's oesophagus using a non-endoscopic sampling method coupled with a biomarker panel: a cohort study.Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Jan;2(1):23-31. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(16)30118-2. Epub 2016 Nov 11.
60	Barrett's oESophagus trial 3 (BEST3): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial comparing the Cytosponge-TFF3 test with usual care to facilitate the diagnosis of oesophageal pre-cancer in primary care patients with chronic acid reflux.BMC Cancer. 2018 Aug 3;18(1):784. doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-4664-3.
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