Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DISDBVNL)

Disease Name	Choriocarcinoma
Synonyms	chorion carcinoma; chorionic carcinoma; choriocarcinoma; chorioepithelioma; chorioblastoma; choriocarcinoma (disease); choriocarcinoma, malignant
Disease Class	2C75: Choriocarcinoma
Definition	An aggressive malignant tumor arising from trophoblastic cells. The vast majority of cases arise in the uterus and represent gestational choriocarcinomas that derive from placental trophoblastic cells. Approximately half of the cases develop from a complete hydatidiform mole. A minority of cases arise in the testis or the ovaries. There is often marked elevation of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the blood. Choriocarcinomas disseminate rapidly through the hematogenous route; the lungs are most frequently affected.\|Editor note: TODO check classification w.r.t carcinoma
Disease Hierarchy	DISY8WKT: Trophoblastic neoplasm DIS62070: Germ cell tumor DISDBVNL: Choriocarcinoma
ICD Code	ICD-11 ICD-11: 2C75.0
Disease Identifiers	MONDO ID MONDO_0005207 MESH ID D002822 UMLS CUI C0008497 MedGen ID 40278 HPO ID HP:0100768 SNOMED CT ID 1156971005

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA)

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 1 Approved Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
Methotrexate	DM2TEOL	Approved	Small molecular drug	[1]
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Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

This Disease Is Related to 46 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
EGF	TTED8JB	Limited	Altered Expression	[2]
CALCRL	TTY6O0Q	moderate	Altered Expression	[3]
CASP10	TTX5HEK	moderate	Altered Expression	[4]
CLIC1	TT8KZG6	moderate	Biomarker	[5]
CSNK1D	TTH30UI	moderate	Altered Expression	[6]
CUL7	TTI8R0P	moderate	Altered Expression	[7]
EDN2	TTMR0OP	moderate	Altered Expression	[8]
ENPEP	TT9PBIL	moderate	Altered Expression	[9]
ENPP3	TTD4TKP	moderate	Biomarker	[10]
ERAP2	TTVGS1C	moderate	Biomarker	[11]
FABP3	TT3TGLR	moderate	Biomarker	[12]
GJA5	TTFQKZ7	moderate	Altered Expression	[13]
HTR4	TT07C3Y	moderate	Biomarker	[14]
KLRC1	TTC4IMS	moderate	Biomarker	[15]
PGRMC1	TTY3LAZ	moderate	Altered Expression	[16]
PIM2	TT69J2Z	moderate	Altered Expression	[17]
PIM3	TTCGOIN	moderate	Altered Expression	[17]
RSPO3	TT7HJTF	moderate	Biomarker	[18]
SLC5A6	TT61XTV	moderate	Biomarker	[19]
CYP11A1	TTSYVO6	Strong	Altered Expression	[20]
CYP19A1	TTSZLWK	Strong	Altered Expression	[21]
DHFR	TTYZVDJ	Strong	Altered Expression	[22]
DNMT3L	TT3FDAV	Strong	Altered Expression	[23]
ETS2	TT9AH0M	Strong	Biomarker	[24]
FGF4	TTCEKVZ	Strong	Biomarker	[25]
FGF7	TTFY134	Strong	Biomarker	[26]
FGF8	TTIUF3J	Strong	Altered Expression	[25]
HPSE	TTR7GJO	Strong	Altered Expression	[27]
HSD11B2	TT9H85R	Strong	Altered Expression	[28]
HSD17B1	TTIWB6L	Strong	Biomarker	[29]
HSD17B13	TTDJYZR	Strong	Altered Expression	[30]
LIF	TTGZ5WN	Strong	Biomarker	[31]
MAN2A1	TT34DCN	Strong	Biomarker	[32]
PAK2	TT279WO	Strong	Altered Expression	[33]
PSCA	TT9T4AV	Strong	Altered Expression	[34]
PTN	TTA9EJK	Strong	Altered Expression	[35]
RXRA	TT6PEUO	Strong	Altered Expression	[36]
VSIR	TT51SK8	Strong	Altered Expression	[37]
ABCG2	TTIMJ02	Definitive	Altered Expression	[38]
AFP	TTCFEA1	Definitive	Biomarker	[39]
CDKN1C	TTBSUAR	Definitive	Genetic Variation	[40]
CSF1R	TT7MRDV	Definitive	Altered Expression	[41]
LNPEP	TTY2KP7	Definitive	Altered Expression	[42]
PGF	TT48I1Y	Definitive	Biomarker	[43]
SLC5A5	TTW7HI9	Definitive	Altered Expression	[44]
USP7	TTXU3EQ	Definitive	Biomarker	[45]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 46 DTT(s)

This Disease Is Related to 2 DTP Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTP ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
SLC22A5	DT3HUVD	moderate	Altered Expression	[46]
SLC22A4	DT2EG60	Strong	Altered Expression	[46]
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This Disease Is Related to 3 DME Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DME ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
HIF1AN	DEY1CBW	moderate	Biomarker	[47]
SULT1B1	DED5UR3	moderate	Altered Expression	[48]
HSD17B7	DEDMWFX	Strong	Altered Expression	[49]
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This Disease Is Related to 82 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
ATP6V0D1	OT9GU2NW	Limited	Biomarker	[50]
DAB2	OTRMQTMZ	Limited	Biomarker	[51]
DOC2A	OT5G9V94	Limited	Biomarker	[51]
RIN2	OTCY73U9	Limited	Biomarker	[52]
AP5B1	OTZGM9QA	moderate	Altered Expression	[53]
ASCL2	OT3D62WB	moderate	Altered Expression	[54]
BRMS1	OTV5A6LL	moderate	Altered Expression	[55]
CALB1	OTM7IXDG	moderate	Biomarker	[56]
CHGB	OT7SAQT2	moderate	Biomarker	[57]
CUL1	OTXPE1UZ	moderate	Altered Expression	[58]
DIO2	OTGPNSLH	moderate	Biomarker	[59]
DLX3	OTARP5SQ	moderate	Biomarker	[60]
FERMT2	OTZNPWWX	moderate	Altered Expression	[61]
GATAD1	OT0UZ3EP	moderate	Altered Expression	[62]
GCM1	OT5CPAUT	moderate	Biomarker	[63]
GKN1	OT7ZYFQ9	moderate	Altered Expression	[64]
HM13	OTGEO1LP	moderate	Altered Expression	[65]
IMMP1L	OTA6LOLR	moderate	Altered Expression	[65]
INHA	OT7HWCO3	moderate	Biomarker	[66]
INSL4	OTK9F0LX	moderate	Altered Expression	[55]
LGALS13	OTEV3DD7	moderate	Altered Expression	[67]
MCM8	OTC93H3S	moderate	Biomarker	[68]
NFIL3	OTQH9HM3	moderate	Biomarker	[69]
NLRP7	OTE9BI32	moderate	Biomarker	[70]
NR6A1	OTFZOOQ9	moderate	Altered Expression	[71]
PARD6A	OTWLV3X1	moderate	Altered Expression	[72]
PITRM1	OTDEAZ8K	moderate	Altered Expression	[73]
PLIN2	OTRXJ9UN	moderate	Altered Expression	[74]
PPP1R13B	OTC88VQO	moderate	Altered Expression	[75]
RARRES1	OTETUPP5	moderate	Biomarker	[76]
RFC2	OTJ9N6BD	moderate	Altered Expression	[77]
SDHC	OTC8G2MX	moderate	Altered Expression	[78]
SELENOK	OTKM7N7P	moderate	Biomarker	[79]
SUGP1	OT7W0EB8	moderate	Biomarker	[80]
TMED2	OTBLO7RW	moderate	Altered Expression	[81]
TP53BP2	OTOWJ2Y4	moderate	Biomarker	[82]
TRIML2	OT5QWTD2	moderate	Biomarker	[83]
ACTR1A	OT1QAU16	Strong	Altered Expression	[84]
AKIRIN2	OTQ6WSKW	Strong	Biomarker	[85]
ALPG	OTCIM29R	Strong	Altered Expression	[86]
ANGPTL1	OTXIN6V5	Strong	Altered Expression	[84]
APOBEC2	OT4CCS0Q	Strong	Altered Expression	[84]
ARFRP1	OTP1OV78	Strong	Altered Expression	[84]
ATRNL1	OTY5JUX2	Strong	Biomarker	[87]
C1QL1	OTNQ0G3E	Strong	Altered Expression	[88]
CD1D	OT3ROU4J	Strong	Biomarker	[89]
CIB2	OT9ZJX1I	Strong	Genetic Variation	[40]
CIITA	OTRJNZFO	Strong	Biomarker	[90]
COIL	OTP4I4DL	Strong	Altered Expression	[91]
CSH1	OT33HTRR	Strong	Posttranslational Modification	[92]
CSH2	OTW8JVAN	Strong	Posttranslational Modification	[92]
DHRS11	OTU3J0ZL	Strong	Altered Expression	[30]
DLX4	OTLWVCN4	Strong	Altered Expression	[93]
ERVW-1	OTWV8DXJ	Strong	Biomarker	[94]
FDX1	OT7I3DN0	Strong	Biomarker	[95]
HOPX	OTBSR6C9	Strong	Altered Expression	[96]
IFIT3	OTPGHZB9	Strong	Biomarker	[91]
JAKMIP2	OT2H3MRD	Strong	Altered Expression	[96]
JMJD6	OTILR7E4	Strong	Altered Expression	[97]
KIF7	OT1J6NAW	Strong	Altered Expression	[98]
MFAP1	OTZN4FT3	Strong	Biomarker	[99]
MGAT3	OTXI5X4T	Strong	Altered Expression	[32]
MGAT4A	OT0ZW5FM	Strong	Altered Expression	[100]
MGAT4B	OTEHCPLY	Strong	Altered Expression	[32]
NOP53	OTA2YKO6	Strong	Biomarker	[91]
NR2F2	OTJFS67N	Strong	Altered Expression	[84]
PDLIM3	OTVXQC81	Strong	Biomarker	[87]
PEG3	OTHQW98S	Strong	Altered Expression	[101]
PHB2	OTCAX3AW	Strong	Altered Expression	[102]
PLAA	OTZ7NJGA	Strong	Biomarker	[86]
PROK1	OT8S7RUG	Strong	Biomarker	[103]
STARD7	OTDUZ296	Strong	Altered Expression	[104]
STIP1	OT7TXLOX	Strong	Biomarker	[91]
STOX1	OTED3YVO	Strong	Altered Expression	[105]
TFPI2	OTZCRWOR	Strong	Altered Expression	[106]
ALPP	OTZU4G9W	Definitive	Altered Expression	[107]
CYCS	OTBFALJD	Definitive	Altered Expression	[45]
ERV3-1	OT4CW64T	Definitive	Altered Expression	[108]
FBXW8	OTJG15EO	Definitive	Biomarker	[109]
GH2	OT32TR4C	Definitive	Biomarker	[110]
HLCS	OTPDUX30	Definitive	Altered Expression	[45]
TEAD1	OTK6971C	Definitive	Biomarker	[45]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 82 DOT(s)

References

1	FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2019. Application Number: (ANDA) 040632.
2	Epidermal growth factor enhances invasive activity of BeWo choriocarcinoma cells by inducing alpha2 integrin expression.Endocr J. 2003 Dec;50(6):703-14. doi: 10.1507/endocrj.50.703.
3	Adrenomedullin enhances invasion by trophoblast cell lines.Biol Reprod. 2005 Oct;73(4):619-26. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.105.040436. Epub 2005 May 25.
4	Caspase activity is downregulated in choriocarcinoma: a cDNA array differential expression study.J Clin Pathol. 2006 Feb;59(2):179-83. doi: 10.1136/jcp.2005.028027.
5	CLIC1 Induces Drug Resistance in Human Choriocarcinoma Through Positive Regulation of MRP1.Oncol Res. 2017 Jul 5;25(6):863-871. doi: 10.3727/096504016X14772315906527. Epub 2016 Oct 26.
6	Inhibition of casein kinase I delta alters mitotic spindle formation and induces apoptosis in trophoblast cells. Oncogene. 2005 Dec 1;24(54):7964-75. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208941.
7	Ubiquitin ligase cullin 7 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human choriocarcinoma cells.J Biol Chem. 2010 Apr 2;285(14):10870-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.004200. Epub 2010 Feb 5.
8	Endothelin-2 down-regulation occurs in parallel with the anti-proliferative effect of dimethylsulfoxide in BeWO human choriocarcinoma cell line.Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2004;50 Online Pub:OL701-12.
9	Progesterone stimulates the expression of aminopeptidase A/angiotensinase in human choriocarcinoma cells.Placenta. 2001 Nov;22(10):831-6. doi: 10.1053/plac.2001.0741.
10	Expression of ENPP3 in human cyclic endometrium: a novel molecule involved in embryo implantation.Reprod Fertil Dev. 2018 Oct;30(10):1277-1285. doi: 10.1071/RD17257.
11	The role of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 in modulating immune detection of choriocarcinoma.Biol Reprod. 2018 Mar 1;98(3):309-322. doi: 10.1093/biolre/ioy001.
12	Fatty acid-binding protein3 expression in BeWo cells, a human placental choriocarcinoma cell line.Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2017 May;120:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.04.002. Epub 2017 Apr 5.
13	Cell-cell-communication during placental development and possible implications for trophoblast proliferation and differentiation.Placenta. 2000 Mar-Apr;21 Suppl A:S61-8. doi: 10.1053/plac.1999.0516.
14	Identification and characterization of the human serotonin-4 receptor gene promoter.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Nov 30;289(2):337-44. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5979.
15	The HLA-G*0105N null allele induces cell surface expression of HLA-E molecule and promotes CD94/NKG2A-mediated recognition in JAR choriocarcinoma cell line.Immunogenetics. 2004 Dec;56(9):617-24. doi: 10.1007/s00251-004-0733-7. Epub 2004 Nov 13.
16	Expression of membrane and nuclear progesterone receptors in two human placental choriocarcinoma cell lines (JEG-3 and BeWo): Effects of syncytialization.Int J Mol Med. 2011 Jun;27(6):767-74. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2011.657. Epub 2011 Mar 23.
17	PIM kinases 1, 2 and 3 in intracellular LIF signaling, proliferation and apoptosis in trophoblastic cells.Exp Cell Res. 2017 Oct 1;359(1):275-283. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.07.019. Epub 2017 Jul 18.
18	R-spondin3 promotes the tumor growth of choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells.Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2020 Mar 1;318(3):C664-C674. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00295.2019. Epub 2019 Dec 18.
19	Biotin supply affects rates of cell proliferation, biotinylation of carboxylases and histones, and expression of the gene encoding the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter in JAr choriocarcinoma cells.Eur J Nutr. 2004 Feb;43(1):23-31. doi: 10.1007/s00394-004-0435-9. Epub 2004 Jan 6.
20	Identification of positive and negative placenta-specific basal elements and a cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate response element in the human gene for P450scc.Mol Endocrinol. 1992 Dec;6(12):2045-58. doi: 10.1210/mend.6.12.1337141.
21	Serotonin and serotonin reuptake inhibitors alter placental aromatase.J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2019 Dec;195:105470. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105470. Epub 2019 Sep 8.
22	Dihydrofolate reductase transcript level is not suitable for methotrexate-resistance prediction in choriocarcinoma cell line.Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2010 Oct;20(7):1259-63. doi: 10.1111/igc.0b013e3181f05128.
23	DNA methyltransferase-3 like protein expression in various histological types of testicular germ cell tumor.Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2016 May;46(5):475-81. doi: 10.1093/jjco/hyw012. Epub 2016 Feb 24.
24	Squelching of ETS2 transactivation by POU5F1 silences the human chorionic gonadotropin CGA subunit gene in human choriocarcinoma and embryonic stem cells.Mol Endocrinol. 2012 May;26(5):859-72. doi: 10.1210/me.2011-1146. Epub 2012 Mar 22.
25	Predominant expression of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 8, FGF4, and FGF receptor 1 in nonseminomatous and highly proliferative components of testicular germ cell tumors.Virchows Arch. 2001 Nov;439(5):616-21. doi: 10.1007/s004280100437.
26	Biological action of keratinocyte growth factor in BeWo cells, a human choriocarcinoma cell line.J Endocrinol Invest. 2000 Jan;23(1):19-22. doi: 10.1007/BF03343670.
27	Growth-modulatory effects of heparin and VEGF165 on the choriocarcinoma cell-line JEG-3 and its expression of heparanase.Anticancer Res. 2014 Dec;34(12):7071-6.
28	Effect of cadmium on cortisol production and 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 expression by cultured human choriocarcinoma cells (JEG-3). Toxicol In Vitro. 2010 Sep;24(6):1532-7.
29	Characterization of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in choriocarcinoma cells: regulation by basic fibroblast growth factor.Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1994 Aug;104(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/0303-7207(94)90045-0.
30	Regulation of cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-delta 4 isomerase type 1 and estradiol-17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNA levels by calcium in human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells.Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1997 Sep 30;133(1):63-71. doi: 10.1016/s0303-7207(97)00143-3.
31	Identification of miRNAs and associated pathways regulated by Leukemia Inhibitory Factor in trophoblastic cell lines.Placenta. 2019 Dec;88:20-27. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.09.005. Epub 2019 Sep 12.
32	Unusually high expression of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-IVa in human choriocarcinoma cell lines: a possible enzymatic basis of the formation of abnormal biantennary sugar chain.Cancer Res. 1999 Aug 15;59(16):3949-53.
33	p21-Activated kinase-1 promotes aggressive phenotype, cell proliferation, and invasion in gestational trophoblastic disease.Am J Pathol. 2010 Jun;176(6):3015-22. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.091263. Epub 2010 Apr 22.
34	Overexpression of prostate stem cell antigen is associated with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.Histopathology. 2008 Jan;52(2):167-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2007.02925.x.
35	Influence of the human endogenous retrovirus-like element HERV-E.PTN on the expression of growth factor pleiotrophin: a critical role of a retroviral Sp1-binding site.Oncogene. 2000 Aug 17;19(35):3988-98. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203742.
36	Retinoid X receptor and retinoids are key regulators in apoptosis of trophoblasts of patients with recurrent miscarriages.J Mol Endocrinol. 2011 Aug 30;47(2):145-56. doi: 10.1530/JME-11-0002. Print 2011 Oct.
37	PD-L1, B7-H3 and VISTA are highly expressed in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.Histopathology. 2019 Sep;75(3):421-430. doi: 10.1111/his.13882. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
38	Development of a model for functional studies of ABCG2 (breast cancer resistance protein) efflux employing a standard BeWo clone (B24).Assay Drug Dev Technol. 2012 Oct;10(5):476-84. doi: 10.1089/adt.2011.441. Epub 2012 Jun 8.
39	The Clinical Significance of a Small Component of Choriocarcinoma in Testicular Mixed Germ Cell Tumor (MGCT).Am J Surg Pathol. 2018 Aug;42(8):1113-1120. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000001088.
40	Gestational choriocarcinoma of Fallopian tube diagnosed with a combination of p57KIP2 immunostaining and short tandem repeat analysis: case report.J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2011 Oct;37(10):1493-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2011.01538.x. Epub 2011 May 22.
41	Expression of the colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (c-fms product) by cells at the human uteroplacental interface.Lab Invest. 1993 Mar;68(3):308-20.
42	Insulin stimulates placental leucine aminopeptidase/oxytocinase/insulin-regulated membrane aminopeptidase expression in BeWo choriocarcinoma cells.Regul Pept. 2004 Mar 15;117(3):187-93. doi: 10.1016/j.regpep.2003.10.015.
43	Enhanced HIF2 expression during human trophoblast differentiation into syncytiotrophoblast suppresses transcription of placental growth factor.Sci Rep. 2017 Sep 29;7(1):12455. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12685-w.
44	Effect of Iodide on Human Choriogonadotropin, Sodium-Iodide Symporter Expression, and Iodide Uptake in BeWo Choriocarcinoma Cells.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Oct;92(10):4046-51. doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-2358. Epub 2007 Aug 28.
45	Human chorionic somatomammotropin enhancer function is mediated by cooperative binding of TEF-1 and CSEF-1 to multiple, low-affinity binding sites.Mol Endocrinol. 1997 Aug;11(9):1223-32. doi: 10.1210/mend.11.9.9984.
46	The inhibitory effect of antiretroviral drugs on the L-carnitine uptake in human placenta.Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Apr 1;368:18-25. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.02.002. Epub 2019 Feb 5.
47	Factor inhibiting HIF1-A novel target of SUMOylation in the human placenta.Oncotarget. 2017 Dec 7;8(69):114002-114018. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.23113. eCollection 2017 Dec 26.
48	Disruption of thyroid hormone sulfotransferase activity by brominated flame retardant chemicals in the human choriocarcinoma placenta cell line, BeWo.Chemosphere. 2018 Apr;197:81-88. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.172. Epub 2017 Dec 28.
49	Organotin compounds enhance 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I activity in human choriocarcinoma JAr cells: potential promotion of 17beta-estradiol biosynthesis in human placenta. Biochem Pharmacol. 2006 Apr 28;71(9):1349-57.
50	Structure of the VPATPD gene encoding subunit D of the human vacuolar proton ATPase.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Dec 20;279(2):543-7. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.4003.
51	Doc-2/hDab2 expression is up-regulated in primary pancreatic cancer but reduced in metastasis.Lab Invest. 2001 Jun;81(6):863-73. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.3780295.
52	Expression of functional chemokine receptors of human placental cells.Am J Reprod Immunol. 2000 Dec;44(6):365-73. doi: 10.1111/j.8755-8920.2000.440608.x.
53	A central role for Ets-2 in the transcriptional regulation and cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate responsiveness of the human chorionic gonadotropin-beta subunit gene.Mol Endocrinol. 2003 Jan;17(1):11-26. doi: 10.1210/me.2002-0223.
54	Detection of HASH2 (ASCL2) gene expression in gestational trophoblastic disease.J Reprod Med. 2006 Nov;51(11):892-6.
55	Transcriptional expression of genes involved in cell invasion and migration by normal and tumoral trophoblast cells.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Nov;87(11):5336-9. doi: 10.1210/jc.2002-021093.
56	Calbindin-D28k (CaBP28k) identification and regulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in human choriocarcinoma cell line JEG-3. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2005 May 31;236(1-2):31-41. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2005.03.002. Epub 2005 Apr 12.
57	Gene expression-based classification of nonseminomatous male germ cell tumors.Oncogene. 2005 Jul 28;24(32):5101-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208694.
58	CUL1 promotes trophoblast cell invasion at the maternal-fetal interface.Cell Death Dis. 2013 Feb 21;4(2):e502. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2013.1.
59	Functional characterisation of the CRE/TATA box unit of type 2 deiodinase gene promoter in a human choriocarcinoma cell line.J Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Aug;33(1):51-8. doi: 10.1677/jme.0.0330051.
60	A role for CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta in the basal regulation of the distal-less 3 gene promoter in placental cells.Endocrinology. 2004 Mar;145(3):1096-105. doi: 10.1210/en.2003-0777. Epub 2003 Dec 11.
61	Lysis Buffer Choices Are Key Considerations to Ensure Effective Sample Solubilization for Protein Electrophoresis.Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1855:61-72. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8793-1_5.
62	Decreased expression and DNA methylation levels of GATAD1 in preeclamptic placentas.Cell Signal. 2014 May;26(5):959-67. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.01.013. Epub 2014 Jan 22.
63	STOX1 overexpression in choriocarcinoma cells mimics transcriptional alterations observed in preeclamptic placentas.PLoS One. 2008;3(12):e3905. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003905. Epub 2008 Dec 11.
64	The tumor suppressor gastrokine-1 is expressed in placenta and contributes to the regulation of trophoblast migration.Placenta. 2013 Nov;34(11):1027-35. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2013.08.005. Epub 2013 Aug 28.
65	IMP1 promotes choriocarcinoma cell migration and invasion through the novel effectors RSK2 and PPME1.Gynecol Oncol. 2013 Oct;131(1):182-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.07.106. Epub 2013 Aug 1.
66	Immunohistochemical expression analysis of inhibin-alpha and -beta subunits in partial and complete moles, trophoblastic tumors, and endometrial decidua.Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2001 Oct;20(4):380-5. doi: 10.1097/00004347-200110000-00011.
67	Effects of vitamins C and E, acetylsalicylic acid and heparin on fusion, beta-hCG and PP13 expression in BeWo cells.Placenta. 2010 May;31(5):431-8. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.02.017. Epub 2010 Mar 29.
68	A new member of the MCM protein family encoded by the human MCM8 gene, located contrapodal to GCD10 at chromosome band 20p12.3-13.Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Jun 1;31(11):2915-25. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkg395.
69	The STAT3/NFIL3 signaling axis-mediated chemotherapy resistance is reversed by Raddeanin A via inducing apoptosis in choriocarcinoma cells.J Cell Physiol. 2018 Jul;233(7):5370-5382. doi: 10.1002/jcp.26362. Epub 2018 Jan 25.
70	NLRP7 and the genetics of post-molar choriocarcinomas in Senegal.Mol Hum Reprod. 2012 Jan;18(1):52-6. doi: 10.1093/molehr/gar060. Epub 2011 Sep 26.
71	Characterization of the expression of the retinoid-related, testis-associated receptor (RTR) in trophoblasts.Placenta. 2002 Apr;23(4):281-7. doi: 10.1053/plac.2001.0779.
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