General Information of Drug (ID: DMTY169)

Drug Name
Norethindrone Drug Info
Synonyms
Activella; Anhydrohydroxynorprogesterone; Anovulatorio; Anovule; Brevicon; Brevinor; Camila; Ciclovulan; Conceplan;Conludaf; Conludag; Demulen; Errin; Estrinor; Ethinylnortestosterone; Ethynylmortestosterone; Ethynylnortestosterone; Gencept; Genora; Gestest; Jenest; Loestrin; Menzol; Microneth; Micronett; Micronor; Micronovum; Milli; Minovlar; Nelova; Nodiol; Noraethisteronum; Noralutin; Norcept; Norcolut; Norcolute; Noresthisterone; Norethadrone; Norethin; Norethindirone; Norethisteron; Norethisterone; Norethisteronum; Norethyndron; Norethynodron; Norethynodrone; Noretisterona; Noretisterone; Norfor; Norgestin; Noriday; Norluten; Norlutin; Norluton; Normapause; Norpregneninlone; Norpregneninolone; Norpregneninotone; Orlest; Proluteasi; Synphase; Triella; Utovlan; Utovlar; Component of Noriday; Norethindrone Norethisterone; Norethindrone [USAN]; Norethisterone [Progestins]; Noretisterone [DCIT]; Primolut N; Brevinor 21; Brevinor 28; Noriday 28; Ortho 1 35; Ortho 7 7 7; Ovysmen 1 35; SC 4640; Synphasic 28; Trinovum 21; Brevinor-1 21; Brevinor-1 28; Camila (TN); Jenest-28; Micronor (TN); Mini-Pe; Mini-pill; Nor-QD; Nora-BE; Norcept-E; Norethin 1/35 E; Norethin 1/50 M; Norethindrone (USP); Norethisterone (JP15); Norethisteronum [INN-Latin]; Noretisterona [INN-Spanish]; Ortho-Novum 1 35; Ortho-Novum 1 50; Ortho-Novum 7 7 7; Ovysmen 0.5 35; Primolut-N; Tri-Norinyl; Ethinyl-19-nortestosterone; Nor-Q.D; Primolut-N (TN); Nor-Q.D.; 17-Ethinyl-19-nortestosterone; 17-Ethynyl-17-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one; 17-alpha-Ethynyl-19-nortestosterone; 17-alpha-Ethynyl-4-estren-17-ol-3-one; 17-ethynyl-17beta-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one; 17.alpha.-Ethinyl-19-nortestosterone; 17.alpha.-Ethynyl-19-nortestosterone; 17.alpha.-Ethynyl-4-estren-17-ol-3-one; 17alpha-Ethinyl-19-nortestosterone; 17alpha-Ethynyl-19-nortestosterone; 17alpha-Ethynyl-4-estren-17-ol-3-one; 19-Nor-17-alpha-ethynyltestosterone; 19-Nor-17-ethinyltestosterone; 19-Nor-17.alpha.-ethynyltestosterone; 19-Nor-17alpa-ethynyltestosterone; 19-Nor-17alpha-ethynyltestosterone; 19-Nor-ethindrone; 19-Nor-ethinyl-4,5-testosterone; 19-Norethindrone; 19-Norethinyltestosterone; 19-Norethisterone; 4-Estren-17alpha-ethynyl-17beta-ol-3-one
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [1]
Advanced cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [1]
Hot flushes GA30 Approved [1]
Menorrhagia GA20.50 Approved [1]
Obsolete atrophic vulva Approved [1]
Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [2]
Endometriosis GA10 Investigative [1]
Therapeutic Class
Contraceptive Agents
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
6230
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:7627
CAS Number
CAS 68-22-4
TTD Drug ID
DMTY169
ACDINA Drug ID
D00478

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DOT
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Drug(s) Targeting Progesterone receptor (PGR)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [12]
Desogestrel DM27U4Y Contraception QA21 Approved [13]
Ulipristal DMBNI20 Contraception QA21 Approved [14]
Etonogestrel DMKA8J4 Contraception QA21 Approved [15]
Megestrol DMDH9KX Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [16]
Segesterone acetate; ethinyl estradiol DMFEGB0 Contraception QA21 Approved [17]
Norgestimate DMYP4XC Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [15]
Dydrogesterone DMAKIDV Menstrual disorder GA20.3 Approved [18]
Medroxyprogesterone DMBGWPH Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [18]
Ethynodiol Diacetate DMZM84R Contraception QA21 Approved [19]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Flupentixol DM0DJ9O Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [20]
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [21]
Crizotinib DM4F29C Non-small-cell lung cancer 2C25.Y Approved [22]
Lamotrigine DM8SXYG Bipolar disorder 6A60 Approved [23]
Cepharanthine DM9Y5JB N. A. N. A. Approved [24]
Itraconazole DMCR1MV Aspergillosis 1F20 Approved [25]
Clozapine DMFC71L Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [26]
Midostaurin DMI6E0R Acute myeloid leukaemia 2A60 Approved [27]
Trifluoperazine DMKBYWI Anxiety Approved [28]
Olanzapine DMPFN6Y Bipolar depression Approved [26]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Bile salt export pump (ABCB11)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Glimepiride DM5FSJA Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [6]
Ezetimibe DM7A8TW Atherosclerosis BD40 Approved [29]
Glipizide DMZA5PQ Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [29]
Bosentan DMIOGBU Pulmonary arterial hypertension BB01.0 Approved [30]
Indinavir DM0T3YH Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [6]
Ofloxacin DM0VQN3 Acute gonococcal cervicitis Approved [29]
Primidone DM0WX6I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [31]
Gefitinib DM15F0X Colon adenocarcinoma Approved [6]
Drospirenone DM1A9W3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [32]
Nitrendipine DM21C09 Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [6]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [33]
Meclofenamic acid DM05FXR Ankylosing spondylitis FA92.0 Approved [34]
Diazepam DM08E9O Alcohol withdrawal Approved [35]
Levonorgestrel DM1DP7T Atypical endometrial hyperplasia Approved [4]
Desogestrel DM27U4Y Contraception QA21 Approved [4]
Salicyclic acid DM2F8XZ Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [34]
Sulindac DM2QHZU Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [34]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [36]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [37]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [38]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [39]
Meclofenamic acid DM05FXR Ankylosing spondylitis FA92.0 Approved [34]
Diazepam DM08E9O Alcohol withdrawal Approved [35]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [40]
Salicyclic acid DM2F8XZ Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [34]
Sulindac DM2QHZU Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [34]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [41]
Glimepiride DM5FSJA Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [42]
Ethacrynic acid DM60QMR Edema MG29 Approved [40]
Aspirin DM672AH Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [34]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [43]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [44]
Spironolactone DM2AQ5N Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [10]
Colchicine DM2POTE Acute gout flare FA25.0 Approved [45]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [46]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [38]
Cyclophosphamide DM4O2Z7 Advanced cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [47]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [43]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [48]
Marinol DM70IK5 Anorexia nervosa cachexia 6B80 Approved [49]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Osteocalcin (BGLAP)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Congenital alopecia LC30 Approved [50]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [51]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [52]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [53]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [46]
Glucosamine DM4ZLFD Osteoarthritis FA00-FA05 Approved [54]
Pamidronate DMB4AVP Bone Paget disease Approved [55]
Falecalcitrol DMBI9ZJ Hyperparathyroidism 5A51 Approved [56]
Atorvastatin DMF28YC Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [57]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [58]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Myb-related protein A (MYBL1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [43]
Spironolactone DM2AQ5N Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [10]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [46]
Panobinostat DM58WKG Chronic graft versus host disease Approved [59]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [43]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [60]
Marinol DM70IK5 Anorexia nervosa cachexia 6B80 Approved [61]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [62]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [63]
Ivermectin DMDBX5F Intestinal strongyloidiasis due to nematode parasite 1F6B Approved [10]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [64]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [65]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [66]
Colchicine DM2POTE Acute gout flare FA25.0 Approved [9]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [67]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [68]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Congenital alopecia LC30 Approved [69]
Leflunomide DMR8ONJ Arthritis FA20 Approved [70]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [62]
Testosterone enanthate DMB6871 N. A. N. A. Approved [71]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Histone H2AX (H2AX)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [72]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [73]
Selenium DM25CGV N. A. N. A. Approved [74]
Ribavirin DMEYLH9 Hepatitis C virus infection 1E51.1 Approved [75]
Etretinate DM2CZFA Keratosis ED56 Approved [76]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [77]
Dactinomycin DM2YGNW Adult kidney Wilms tumor Approved [78]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [79]
Lapatinib DM3BH1Y Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [80]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [81]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Fatty acid synthase (FASN)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Lindane DMB8CNL Infestations of lice and scabies 1G00.Z Approved [82]
Selenium DM25CGV N. A. N. A. Approved [74]
Methimazole DM25FL8 Hyperthyroidism 5A02 Approved [83]
Sulindac DM2QHZU Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [84]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [85]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [86]
obeticholic acid DM3Q1SM Primary biliary cholangitis DB96.1 Approved [87]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [88]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [89]
Crizotinib DM4F29C Non-small-cell lung cancer 2C25.Y Approved [90]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Protein GREB1 (GREB1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [91]
Spironolactone DM2AQ5N Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [10]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [92]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Hot flushes GA30 Approved [93]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Congenital alopecia LC30 Approved [94]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [95]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [96]
Ivermectin DMDBX5F Intestinal strongyloidiasis due to nematode parasite 1F6B Approved [10]
Nandrolone DMFWKG1 Osteoporosis FB83.0 Approved [97]
Mestranol DMG3F94 Contraception QA21 Approved [10]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Progesterone receptor (PGR) TTUV8G9 PRGR_HUMAN Agonist [3]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 (AKR1C1) OTQKR4CM AK1C1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [4]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3) OTU2SXBA AK1C3_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [4]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1) OTEJROBO MDR1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [5]
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11) OTRU7THO ABCBB_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [6]
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) OTFII9KG FAS_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [7]
Histone H2AX (H2AX) OT18UX57 H2AX_HUMAN Post-Translational Modifications [8]
Microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) OTMTP2Z7 TAU_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [9]
Myb-related protein A (MYBL1) OTBJMC2P MYBA_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [10]
Osteocalcin (BGLAP) OTK1YLWQ OSTCN_HUMAN Protein Interaction/Cellular Processes [11]
Protein GREB1 (GREB1) OTU6ZA26 GREB1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [10]

References

1 Norethindrone FDA Label
2 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
3 Progesterone receptor ligand binding pocket flexibility: crystal structures of the norethindrone and mometasone furoate complexes. J Med Chem. 2004 Jun 17;47(13):3381-7.
4 Progestins as inhibitors of the human 20-ketosteroid reductases, AKR1C1 and AKR1C3. Chem Biol Interact. 2011 May 30;191(1-3):227-33.
5 P-glycoprotein (P-gp/MDR1)-mediated efflux of sex-steroid hormones and modulation of P-gp expression in vitro. Pharm Res. 2004 Jul;21(7):1284-93.
6 Interference with bile salt export pump function is a susceptibility factor for human liver injury in drug development. Toxicol Sci. 2010 Dec; 118(2):485-500.
7 The estrogenic activity of synthetic progestins used in oral contraceptives enhances fatty acid synthase-dependent breast cancer cell proliferation and survival. Int J Oncol. 2005 Jun;26(6):1507-15.
8 Novel genotoxicity assays identify norethindrone to activate p53 and phosphorylate H2AX. Carcinogenesis. 2005 Oct;26(10):1811-20. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgi132. Epub 2005 May 19.
9 Pharmacologic reductions of total tau levels; implications for the role of microtubule dynamics in regulating tau expression. Mol Neurodegener. 2006 Jul 26;1:6. doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-1-6.
10 A Gene Expression Biomarker Identifies Chemical Modulators of Estrogen Receptor in an MCF-7 Microarray Compendium. Chem Res Toxicol. 2021 Feb 15;34(2):313-329. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00243. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
11 Picomolar norethindrone in vitro stimulates the cell proliferation and activity of a human osteosarcoma cell line and increases bone collagen synthesis without an effect on bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res. 1994 May;9(5):695-703. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.5650090515.
12 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of lipocine.
13 Preclinical experience with two selective progesterone receptor modulators on breast and endometrium. Steroids. 2000 Oct-Nov;65(10-11):733-40.
14 Mullard A: 2010 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2011 Feb;10(2):82-5.
15 Pharmacological profile of progestins. Maturitas. 2008 Sep-Oct;61(1-2):151-7.
16 Focus on anastrozole and breast cancer. Curr Med Res Opin. 2003;19(8):683-8.
17 2018 FDA drug approvals.Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2019 Feb;18(2):85-89.
18 Dienogest is a selective progesterone receptor agonist in transactivation analysis with potent oral endometrial activity due to its efficient pharm... Steroids. 2008 Feb;73(2):222-31.
19 Contribution of functional groups of 19-nor-progestogens to binding to progesterone and estradiol-17beta receptors in rabbit uterus. Endocrinology. 1977 Jun;100(6):1579-84.
20 Characteristics of P388/VMDRC.04, a simple, sensitive model for studying P-glycoprotein antagonists. Cancer Res. 1994 Feb 1;54(3):730-7.
21 Michaelis-Menten kinetic analysis of drugs of abuse to estimate their affinity to human P-glycoprotein. Toxicol Lett. 2013 Feb 27;217(2):137-42. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.012. Epub 2012 Dec 27.
22 Editor's Highlight: PlacentalDisposition and Effects of Crizotinib: An Ex Vivo Study in the Isolated Dual-Side Perfused Human Cotyledon. Toxicol Sci. 2017 Jun 1;157(2):500-509. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx063.
23 Functional evaluation of polymorphisms in the human ABCB1 gene and the impact on clinical responses of antiepileptic drugs. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2008 May;18(5):390-402. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e3282f85e36.
24 Cepharanthine potently enhances the sensitivity of anticancer agents in K562 cells. Cancer Sci. 2005 Jun;96(6):372-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00057.x.
25 Clinical pharmacokinetic monitoring of itraconazole is warranted in only a subset of patients. Ther Drug Monit. 2005 Jun;27(3):322-33. doi: 10.1097/01.ftd.0000150135.22645.ea.
26 Evaluation of antipsychotic drugs as inhibitors of multidrug resistance transporter P-glycoprotein. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006 Sep;187(4):415-23. doi: 10.1007/s00213-006-0437-9. Epub 2006 Jun 30.
27 Actions of the selective protein kinase C inhibitor PKC412 on B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro. Haematologica. 2002 Feb;87(2):167-76.
28 Characterization of the ATPase activity of the Mr 170,000 to 180,000 membrane glycoprotein (P-glycoprotein) associated with multidrug resistance in K562/ADM cells. Cancer Res. 1988 Sep 1;48(17):4926-32.
29 Early identification of clinically relevant drug interactions with the human bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11). Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):328-43.
30 Omics-based responses induced by bosentan in human hepatoma HepaRG cell cultures. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Jun;92(6):1939-1952.
31 Evaluating the Role of Multidrug Resistance Protein 3 (MDR3) Inhibition in Predicting Drug-Induced Liver Injury Using 125 Pharmaceuticals. Chem Res Toxicol. 2017 May 15;30(5):1219-1229. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00048. Epub 2017 May 4.
32 A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development. Toxicol Sci. 2013 Nov;136(1):216-41.
33 Bringing in vitro analysis closer to in vivo: studying doxorubicin toxicity and associated mechanisms in 3D human microtissues with PBPK-based dose modelling. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Sep 15;294:184-192.
34 Type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/prostaglandin F synthase (AKR1C3): role in breast cancer and inhibition by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug analogs. Chem Biol Interact. 2009 Mar 16;178(1-3):221-7.
35 Substrate specificity of human 3(20)alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase for neurosteroids and its inhibition by benzodiazepines. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Apr;25(4):441-5.
36 In-vivo effects of simvastatin and rosuvastatin on global gene expression in peripheral blood leucocytes in a human inflammation model. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2008 Feb;18(2):109-20.
37 AKR1C3 as a potential target for the inhibitory effect of dietary flavonoids. Chem Biol Interact. 2009 Mar 16;178(1-3):138-44.
38 Phenotypic characterization of retinoic acid differentiated SH-SY5Y cells by transcriptional profiling. PLoS One. 2013 May 28;8(5):e63862.
39 Progestin effects on expression of AKR1C1-AKR1C3, SRD5A1 and PGR in the Z-12 endometriotic epithelial cell line. Chem Biol Interact. 2013 Feb 25;202(1-3):218-25.
40 Isoform-specific induction of a human aldo-keto reductase by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), electrophiles, and oxidative stress: implications for the alternative pathway of PAH activation catalyzed by human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase. Cancer Res. 1999 Feb 1;59(3):607-14.
41 Simvastatin inactivates beta1-integrin and extracellular signal-related kinase signaling and inhibits cell proliferation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Cancer Sci. 2007 Jun;98(6):890-9.
42 Initro inhibition of AKR1Cs by sulphonylureas and the structural basis. Chem Biol Interact. 2015 Oct 5;240:310-5.
43 Moving toward integrating gene expression profiling into high-throughput testing: a gene expression biomarker accurately predicts estrogen receptor alpha modulation in a microarray compendium. Toxicol Sci. 2016 May;151(1):88-103.
44 A novel, integrated in vitro carcinogenicity test to identify genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens using human lymphoblastoid cells. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Feb;92(2):935-951. doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-2102-y. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
45 Utilization of CDKN1A/p21 gene for class discrimination of DNA damage-induced clastogenicity. Toxicology. 2014 Jan 6;315:8-16. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.10.009. Epub 2013 Nov 6.
46 Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
47 Transcriptome-based functional classifiers for direct immunotoxicity. Arch Toxicol. 2014 Mar;88(3):673-89.
48 Gene expression profile of multiple myeloma cell line treated by arsenic trioxide. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2007 Dec;27(6):646-9. doi: 10.1007/s11596-007-0606-z.
49 THC exposure of human iPSC neurons impacts genes associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Transl Psychiatry. 2018 Apr 25;8(1):89. doi: 10.1038/s41398-018-0137-3.
50 20-Cyclopropyl-cholecalciferol vitamin D3 analogs: a unique class of potent inhibitors of proliferation of human prostate, breast and myeloid leukemia cell lines. Anticancer Res. 1999 May-Jun;19(3A):1689-97.
51 Cannabidiol induces osteoblast differentiation via angiopoietin1 and p38 MAPK. Environ Toxicol. 2020 Dec;35(12):1318-1325. doi: 10.1002/tox.22996. Epub 2020 Jul 13.
52 Protective effects of myricitrin against osteoporosis via reducing reactive oxygen species and bone-resorbing cytokines. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2014 Nov 1;280(3):550-60.
53 The effect of simvastatin on the proliferation and differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells. J Korean Med Sci. 2005 Jun;20(3):438-44. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2005.20.3.438.
54 Glucosamine promotes osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells through modulating the level of the transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor. J Cell Physiol. 2010 Oct;225(1):140-51.
55 Pamidronate increases markers of bone formation in patients with multiple myeloma in plateau phase under interferon-alpha treatment. Calcif Tissue Int. 2001 May;68(5):285-90.
56 A highly potent 26,27-Hexafluoro-1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on calcification in SV40-transformed human fetal osteoblastic cells. Calcif Tissue Int. 2002 Jun;70(6):488-95.
57 Simvastatin and atorvastatin enhance gene expression of collagen type 1 and osteocalcin in primary human osteoblasts and MG-63 cultures. J Cell Biochem. 2007 Aug 15;101(6):1430-8. doi: 10.1002/jcb.21259.
58 Design principles of concentration-dependent transcriptome deviations in drug-exposed differentiating stem cells. Chem Res Toxicol. 2014 Mar 17;27(3):408-20.
59 Development and validation of the TGx-HDACi transcriptomic biomarker to detect histone deacetylase inhibitors in human TK6 cells. Arch Toxicol. 2021 May;95(5):1631-1645. doi: 10.1007/s00204-021-03014-2. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
60 Changes in gene expression profiles of multiple myeloma cells induced by arsenic trioxide (ATO): possible mechanisms to explain ATO resistance in vivo. Br J Haematol. 2005 Mar;128(5):636-44.
61 Single-cell Transcriptome Mapping Identifies Common and Cell-type Specific Genes Affected by Acute Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in Humans. Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 26;10(1):3450. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59827-1.
62 Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
63 The neuroprotective action of the mood stabilizing drugs lithium chloride and sodium valproate is mediated through the up-regulation of the homeodomain protein Six1. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Feb 15;235(1):124-34.
64 Cannabidiol Modulates the Expression of Alzheimer's Disease-Related Genes in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Dec 23;18(1):26. doi: 10.3390/ijms18010026.
65 The estrogen receptor influences microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) expression and the selective estrogen receptor inhibitor fulvestrant downregulates MAPT and increases the sensitivity to taxane in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res. 2010;12(3):R43. doi: 10.1186/bcr2598. Epub 2010 Jun 28.
66 Neuroprotective effects of glucomoringin-isothiocyanate against H(2)O(2)-Induced cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. Neurotoxicology. 2019 Dec;75:89-104. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.09.008. Epub 2019 Sep 12.
67 Differential effects of simvastatin and pravastatin on expression of Alzheimer's disease-related genes in human astrocytes and neuronal cells. J Lipid Res. 2009 Oct;50(10):2095-102. doi: 10.1194/jlr.M900236-JLR200. Epub 2009 May 21.
68 Transcriptional and Metabolic Dissection of ATRA-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation in NB4 Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells. Cells. 2020 Nov 5;9(11):2423. doi: 10.3390/cells9112423.
69 Identification of vitamin D3 target genes in human breast cancer tissue. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 Nov;164:90-97.
70 Endoplasmic reticulum stress and MAPK signaling pathway activation underlie leflunomide-induced toxicity in HepG2 Cells. Toxicology. 2017 Dec 1;392:11-21.
71 Transcriptional profiling of testosterone-regulated genes in the skeletal muscle of human immunodeficiency virus-infected men experiencing weight loss. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jul;92(7):2793-802. doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-2722. Epub 2007 Apr 17.
72 Cannabinoids synergize with carfilzomib, reducing multiple myeloma cells viability and migration. Oncotarget. 2016 Nov 22;7(47):77543-77557. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.12721.
73 Hsa-let-7g miRNA regulates the anti-tumor effects of gastric cancer cells under oxidative stress through the expression of DDR genes. J Toxicol Sci. 2015 Jun;40(3):329-38. doi: 10.2131/jts.40.329.
74 Selenium and vitamin E: cell type- and intervention-specific tissue effects in prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Mar 4;101(5):306-20.
75 Inhibition of cardiomyocyte differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells by Ribavirin: Implication for its cardiac developmental toxicity. Toxicology. 2020 Apr 15;435:152422. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152422. Epub 2020 Feb 26.
76 Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new antiproliferative and proapoptotic retinoid-related biphenyl-4-yl-acrylic acids. Bioorg Med Chem. 2007 Jul 15;15(14):4863-75. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.04.057. Epub 2007 May 3.
77 Methotrexate induces apoptosis through p53/p21-dependent pathway and increases E-cadherin expression through downregulation of HDAC/EZH2. Biochem Pharmacol. 2011 Feb 15;81(4):510-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.11.014. Epub 2010 Nov 27.
78 Actinomycin D inhibits the expression of the cystine/glutamate transporter xCT via attenuation of CD133 synthesis in CD133(+) HCC. Chem Biol Interact. 2019 Aug 25;309:108713. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.06.026. Epub 2019 Jun 19.
79 Simvastatin and purine analogs have a synergic effect on apoptosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Ann Hematol. 2010 Nov;89(11):1115-24. doi: 10.1007/s00277-010-0988-z. Epub 2010 May 25.
80 The involvement of hepatic cytochrome P450s in the cytotoxicity of lapatinib. Toxicol Sci. 2023 Dec 21;197(1):69-78. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad099.
81 The isoflavonoids genistein and quercetin activate different stress signaling pathways as shown by analysis of site-specific phosphorylation of ATM, p53 and histone H2AX. DNA Repair (Amst). 2004 Mar 4;3(3):235-44. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2003.10.014.
82 Organochloride pesticides induced hepatic ABCG5/G8 expression and lipogenesis in Chinese patients with gallstone disease. Oncotarget. 2016 Jun 7;7(23):33689-702. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.9399.
83 Low-expressional IGF1 mediated methimazole-induced liver developmental toxicity in fetal mice. Toxicology. 2018 Sep 1;408:70-79. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.07.004. Epub 2018 Jul 7.
84 Drug-induced hepatic steatosis in absence of severe mitochondrial dysfunction in HepaRG cells: proof of multiple mechanism-based toxicity. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2021 Apr;37(2):151-175. doi: 10.1007/s10565-020-09537-1. Epub 2020 Jun 14.
85 Effect of atorvastatin, simvastatin, and lovastatin on the metabolism of cholesterol and triacylglycerides in HepG2 cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2001 Dec 1;62(11):1545-55. doi: 10.1016/s0006-2952(01)00790-0.
86 Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway activation by quercetin in human lens epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res. 2009 Dec;89(6):995-1002. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2009.08.011. Epub 2009 Sep 1.
87 Pharmacotoxicology of clinically-relevant concentrations of obeticholic acid in an organotypic human hepatocyte system. Toxicol In Vitro. 2017 Mar;39:93-103.
88 Species-specific toxicity of diclofenac and troglitazone in primary human and rat hepatocytes. Chem Biol Interact. 2009 Apr 15;179(1):17-24.
89 Retinoic acid and its 4-oxo metabolites are functionally active in human skin cells in vitro. J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Jul;125(1):143-53.
90 Multi-parameter in vitro toxicity testing of crizotinib, sunitinib, erlotinib, and nilotinib in human cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Oct 1;272(1):245-55.
91 Arsenite and cadmium promote the development of mammary tumors. Carcinogenesis. 2020 Jul 14;41(7):1005-1014. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgz176.
92 Arsenic induces functional re-expression of estrogen receptor by demethylation of DNA in estrogen receptor-negative human breast cancer. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e35957. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035957. Epub 2012 Apr 27.
93 The exosome-like vesicles derived from androgen exposed-prostate stromal cells promote epithelial cells proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2021 Jan 15;411:115384. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115384. Epub 2020 Dec 25.
94 Effects of 1alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and testosterone on miRNA and mRNA expression in LNCaP cells. Mol Cancer. 2011 May 18;10:58.
95 Integrating multiple omics to unravel mechanisms of Cyclosporin A induced hepatotoxicity in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Apr;29(3):489-501.
96 Human embryonic stem cell-derived test systems for developmental neurotoxicity: a transcriptomics approach. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Jan;87(1):123-43.
97 Evaluation of an imaging-based in vitro screening platform for estrogenic activity with OECD reference chemicals. Toxicol In Vitro. 2022 Jun;81:105348. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105348. Epub 2022 Mar 18.