General Information of Drug (ID: DM9BI7M)

Drug Name
Duloxetine Drug Info
Synonyms
Yentreve; LY 248686; Cymbalta (TN); Duloxetine (INN); Duloxetine [INN:BAN]; Yentreve (TN); Duloxetine, (+)-isomer; (3S)-N-methyl-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propan-1-amine; (3S)-N-methyl-3-(naphthalen-1-yloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propan-1-amine; (3S)-N-methyl-3-naphthalen-1-yloxy-3-thiophen-2-ylpropan-1-amine; (S)-Duloxetine; (S)-N-Methyl-gamma-(1-naphthalenyloxy)-2-thiophenepropanamine
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [1]
Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [2]
Stress urinary incontinence MF50.20 Approved [2]
Traumatic brain injury NA07.Z Approved [2]
Therapeutic Class
Antidepressants
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
60835
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:36795
CAS Number
CAS 116539-59-4
TTD Drug ID
DM9BI7M
VARIDT Drug ID
DR01001
INTEDE Drug ID
DR0554
ACDINA Drug ID
D00220

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DME
DOT
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [10]
Amitriptyline DMK7F9S Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [11]
Imipramine DM2NUH3 Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [12]
Desipramine DMT2FDC Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 6A05.Z Approved [10]
Cocaine DMSOX7I Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [13]
Bupropion DM5PCS7 Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [14]
Tapentadol hydrochloride DMXLSH3 Acute pain MG31 Approved [15]
Venlafaxine DMR6QH0 Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [14]
Trimipramine DM1SC8M Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [16]
Levomilnacipran DMV26S8 Fibromyalgia MG30.01 Approved [17]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [10]
Amitriptyline DMK7F9S Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [11]
Fluoxetine DM3PD2C Bipolar depression Approved [18]
Vortioxetine DM6F1PU Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [19]
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [20]
Cocaine DMSOX7I Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [13]
Bupropion DM5PCS7 Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [14]
Citalopram DM2G9AE Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [18]
Nortriptyline DM4KDYJ Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [18]
Trazodone DMK1GBJ Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [18]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [21]
Dinoprostone DMTYOPD Medical abortion JA00.1Z Approved [22]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [23]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [24]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [25]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [26]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [27]
Oxaliplatin DMQNWRD Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [28]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [29]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [30]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [31]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [32]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [33]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [34]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [35]
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [36]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [37]
Dopamine DMPGUCF Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [38]
Nicotine DMWX5CO Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [39]
Propranolol DM79NTF Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [40]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [41]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [42]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [43]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [44]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [45]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [44]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [46]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [47]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [48]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [49]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Etretinate DM2CZFA Keratosis ED56 Approved [50]
FADROZOLE DM3C5GZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [51]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [52]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [53]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [54]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Hot flushes GA30 Approved [54]
Pyruvic acid DM7Q41G Malnutrition 5B50-5B71 Approved [55]
Topiramate DM82Z30 Alcohol dependence 6C40.2 Approved [56]
Lamotrigine DM8SXYG Bipolar disorder 6A60 Approved [56]
ABIRATERONE DM8V75C Prostate cancer 2C82.0 Approved [57]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Prolactin (PRL)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [58]
Ranitidine DM0GUSX Gastric ulcer DA60 Approved [59]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [60]
Citalopram DM2G9AE Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [61]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [62]
Thioridazine DM35M8J Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [63]
Naloxone DM3FXMA Narcotic depression 6A7Z Approved [64]
Aripiprazole DM3NUMH Bipolar I disorder Approved [65]
Fluoxetine DM3PD2C Bipolar depression Approved [66]
Penicillamine DM40EF6 Cystinuria 5C60.2 Approved [67]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Amodiaquine DME4RA8 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [68]
Riluzole DMECBWN Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 8B60.0 Approved [5]
Flutamide DMK0O7U Prostate cancer 2C82.0 Approved [69]
Menadione DMSJDTY Vitamin K deficiency 5B59 Approved [70]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [71]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [72]
Ethacrynic acid DM60QMR Edema MG29 Approved [73]
Marinol DM70IK5 Anorexia nervosa cachexia 6B80 Approved [74]
Ethinyl Estradiol DMODJ40 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [75]
Clofibrate DMPC1J7 Dysbetalipoproteinemia 5C80.2 Approved [76]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Dexamethasone DMMWZET Acute adrenal insufficiency Approved [77]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [78]
Pantothenic acid DM091H2 Vitamin deficiency 5B55-5B71 Approved [79]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [80]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [81]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [82]
Selenium DM25CGV N. A. N. A. Approved [83]
TECFIDERA DM2OVDT Multiple sclerosis 8A40 Approved [84]
Sulindac DM2QHZU Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [85]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [86]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Metoclopramide DMFA5MY Nausea MD90 Approved [87]
Quinidine DMLPICK N. A. N. A. Approved [88]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [89]
Erythromycin DM4K7GQ Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [90]
Clarithromycin DM4M1SG Acute maxillary sinusitis Approved [90]
Disopyramide DM5SYZP Long QT syndrome BC65.0 Approved [91]
Propranolol DM79NTF Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [92]
Amiodarone DMUTEX3 Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [93]
Dofetilide DMPN1TW Sinus rhythm disorder BC9Y Approved [94]
Flecainide DMSQDLE Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [90]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [95]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [80]
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [96]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [97]
Selenium DM25CGV N. A. N. A. Approved [98]
TECFIDERA DM2OVDT Multiple sclerosis 8A40 Approved [99]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [100]
Lapatinib DM3BH1Y Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [101]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [102]
Furazolidone DM3P6V7 Diarrhea ME05.1 Approved [103]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Flutamide DMK0O7U Prostate cancer 2C82.0 Approved [5]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [104]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [105]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [106]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [107]
Melatonin DMKWFBT Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [108]
Vitamin A DMJ2AH4 Night blindness 9D45 Approved [109]
Amodiaquine DME4RA8 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [110]
Daunorubicin DMQUSBT Acute monocytic leukemia Approved [111]
Pantothenic acid DM091H2 Vitamin deficiency 5B55-5B71 Approved [79]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Norepinephrine transporter (NET) TTAWNKZ SC6A2_HUMAN Inhibitor [3]
Serotonin transporter (SERT) TT3ROYC SC6A4_HUMAN Inhibitor [3]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) Main DME DECB0K3 CP2D6_HUMAN Substrate [4]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Substrate [4]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) Main DME DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Substrate [4]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) OTE4EFH8 CP1A1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [5]
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) OTYXFLSD CP1B1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [5]
Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) OTC1W6UX HMOX1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [6]
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2) OT0HENJ5 NF2L2_HUMAN Protein Interaction/Cellular Processes [6]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2) OTZX881H KCNH2_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [7]
Prolactin (PRL) OTWFQGX7 PRL_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [8]
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (CYP17A1) OTZKVLVJ CP17A_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [9]

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 202).
2 Duloxetine FDA Label
3 Multi-target therapeutics: when the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. Drug Discov Today. 2007 Jan;12(1-2):34-42.
4 Duloxetine: clinical pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2011 May;50(5):281-94.
5 Association of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 inhibition in in vitro assays with drug-induced liver injury. J Toxicol Sci. 2021;46(4):167-176. doi: 10.2131/jts.46.167.
6 Duloxetine Protects Human Neuroblastoma Cells from Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death Through Akt/Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathway. Neurochem Res. 2018 Feb;43(2):387-396. doi: 10.1007/s11064-017-2433-3. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
7 Why are most phospholipidosis inducers also hERG blockers?. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Dec;91(12):3885-3895. doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-1995-9. Epub 2017 May 27.
8 Hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea induced by serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibiting antidepressants. Am J Psychiatry. 2007 Jul;164(7):1121-2. doi: 10.1176/ajp.2007.164.7.1121a.
9 Steroidogenic disruptive effects of the serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors duloxetine, venlafaxine and tramadol in the H295R cell assay and in a recombinant CYP17 assay. Toxicol In Vitro. 2018 Mar;47:63-71.
10 Augmentation effect of combination therapy of aripiprazole and antidepressants on forced swimming test in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2009 Sep;206(1):97-107.
11 Treatment of comorbid pain with serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. CNS Spectr. 2008 Jul;13(7 Suppl 11):22-6.
12 Invivo antioxidant status: a putative target of antidepressant action. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2009 Mar 17;33(2):220-8.
13 Differential involvement of the norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine reuptake transporter proteins in cocaine-induced taste aversion. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2009 Jul;93(1):75-81.
14 Clinically relevant drug interactions with new generation antidepressants and antipsychotics. Ther Umsch. 2009 Jun;66(6):485-92.
15 2008 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2009 Feb;8(2):93-6.
16 Antidepressants suppress production of the Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma, independent of monoamine transporter blockade. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2006 Oct;16(7):481-90.
17 Hughes B: 2009 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2010 Feb;9(2):89-92.
18 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
19 Radium 223 dichloride for prostate cancer treatment. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2017 Sep 6;11:2643-2651.
20 Psychopharmacological treatment of dermatological patients--when simply talking does not help. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2007 Dec;5(12):1101-6.
21 Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63.
22 Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on prostaglandin synthesis and cyclooxygenase-mediated DNA adduct formation by heterocyclic aromatic amines in human adenocarcinoma colon cells. Mol Carcinog. 2004 Jul;40(3):180-8.
23 Endoxifen and other metabolites of tamoxifen inhibit human hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase 2A1 (hSULT2A1). Drug Metab Dispos. 2014 Nov;42(11):1843-50.
24 Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity and risk factors for breast cancer: a cross-sectional study. Breast Cancer Res. 2004;6(4):R352-65.
25 PharmGKB summary: pathways of acetaminophen metabolism at the therapeutic versus toxic doses. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2015 Aug;25(8):416-26.
26 The effect of apigenin on pharmacokinetics of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:789184.
27 Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
28 The influence of metabolic gene polymorphisms on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations in Chinese coke oven workers. Sci Total Environ. 2007 Aug 1;381(1-3):38-46.
29 Identification of P450 enzymes involved in metabolism of verapamil in humans. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1993 Sep;348(3):332-7.
30 Metabolism and metabolic inhibition of xanthotoxol in human liver microsomes. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:5416509.
31 Inhibitory effects of anticancer drugs on dextromethorphan-O-demethylase activity in human liver microsomes. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1993;32(6):491-5.
32 Effect of genetic polymorphism on the metabolism of endogenous neuroactive substances, progesterone and p-tyramine, catalyzed by CYP2D6. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2004 Oct 22;129(1-2):117-23.
33 CYP2D6 polymorphisms and tamoxifen metabolism: clinical relevance. Curr Oncol Rep. 2010 Jan;12(1):7-15.
34 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
35 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
36 Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2D6: structure-activity studies using a series of quinidine and quinine analogues. Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Apr;16(4):450-9.
37 Effects of propofol on human hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 activities. Xenobiotica. 1998 Sep;28(9):845-53.
38 Pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet. 2000 Spring;97(1):98-106.
39 Roles of CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 in nicotine C-oxidation by human liver microsomes. Arch Toxicol. 1999 Mar;73(2):65-70.
40 Structure-activity relationship for human cytochrome P450 substrates and inhibitors. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):69-82.
41 Progesterone and testosterone hydroxylation by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2C9, and 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1997 Oct 1;346(1):161-9.
42 Tamoxifen inhibits cytochrome P450 2C9 activity in breast cancer patients. J Chemother. 2006 Aug;18(4):421-4.
43 Characterization of the oxidative metabolites of 17beta-estradiol and estrone formed by 15 selectively expressed human cytochrome p450 isoforms. Endocrinology. 2003 Aug;144(8):3382-98.
44 Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
45 Drug-drug interactions with imatinib: an observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Oct;95(40):e5076.
46 Drug interactions with calcium channel blockers: possible involvement of metabolite-intermediate complexation with CYP3A. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Feb;28(2):125-30.
47 New insights into the structural features and functional relevance of human cytochrome P450 2C9. Part I. Curr Drug Metab. 2009 Dec;10(10):1075-126.
48 A potential role for the estrogen-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes in human breast carcinogenesis. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Dec;82(3):191-7.
49 A mechanistic approach to antiepileptic drug interactions. Ann Pharmacother. 1998 May;32(5):554-63.
50 Retinoids and retinol differentially regulate steroid biosynthesis in ovarian theca cells isolated from normal cycling women and women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Aug;90(8):4858-65. doi: 10.1210/jc.2005-0330. Epub 2005 May 24.
51 Synthesis and evaluation of (pyridylmethylene)tetrahydronaphthalenes/-indanes and structurally modified derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase. J Med Chem. 2005 Mar 10;48(5):1563-75.
52 Cinnamic acid based thiazolidinediones inhibit human P450c17 and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and improve insulin sensitivity independent of PPARgamma agonist activity. J Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Apr;32(2):425-36.
53 Use of organ culture to study the human fetal testis development: effect of retinoic acid. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Jul;91(7):2696-703.
54 Inhibition of CYP17 expression by adrenal androgens and transforming growth factor beta in adrenocortical cells. Acta Biochim Pol. 2004;51(4):907-17.
55 Phosphorylation of CtBP1 by cAMP-dependent protein kinase modulates induction of CYP17 by stimulating partnering of CtBP1 and 2. J Biol Chem. 2008 Mar 14;283(11):6925-34. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M708432200. Epub 2008 Jan 9.
56 Effects of anticonvulsants on human p450c17 (17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase) and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. Epilepsia. 2005 Mar;46(3):444-8.
57 A fission yeast-based test system for the determination of IC50 values of anti-prostate tumor drugs acting on CYP21. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2006 Oct;21(5):547-56.
58 Verapamil-induced hyperprolactinemia complicated by a pituitary incidentaloma. Ann Pharmacother. 1995 Oct;29(10):999-1001. doi: 10.1177/106002809502901009.
59 [Impotence and gynecomastia secondary to hyperprolactinemia induced by ranitidine]. Therapie. 1994 Jul-Aug;49(4):361-2.
60 Differential effects of estrogen receptor antagonists on pituitary lactotroph proliferation and prolactin release. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2005 Jul 15;239(1-2):27-36. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2005.04.008.
61 Cholinergic modulation of the cerebral metabolic response to citalopram in Alzheimer's disease. Brain. 2009 Feb;132(Pt 2):392-401. doi: 10.1093/brain/awn326. Epub 2009 Jan 19.
62 The contribution of methotrexate exposure and host factors on transcriptional variance in human liver. Toxicol Sci. 2007 Jun;97(2):582-94.
63 The effect of thioridazine on prolactinoma growth in a schizophrenic man: case report. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1985 Oct;7(4):364-6. doi: 10.1016/0163-8343(85)90053-2.
64 Influence of naloxone on muscle sympathetic nerve activity, systemic and calf haemodynamics and ambulatory blood pressure after exercise in mild essential hypertension. J Hypertens. 1995 Apr;13(4):447-61.
65 The efficacy, safety, and tolerability of aripiprazole for the treatment of schizoaffective disorder: results from a pooled analysis of a sub-population of subjects from two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pivotal trials. J Affect Disord. 2009 May;115(1-2):18-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2008.12.017. Epub 2009 Feb 23.
66 Serum prolactin levels among outpatients with major depressive disorder during the acute phase of treatment with fluoxetine. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;67(6):952-7. doi: 10.4088/jcp.v67n0612.
67 Massive breast enlargement in a patient receiving D-penicillamine for systemic sclerosis. J Rheumatol. 1985 Oct;12(5):990-1.
68 Cytochrome P450 1A1/2 induction by antiparasitic drugs: dose-dependent increase in ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity and mRNA caused by quinine, primaquine and albendazole in HepG2 cells. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Nov;58(8):537-42.
69 Anti-androgenic effect of 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ) in LNCaP cells is mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon-androgen receptors cross-talk. Steroids. 2020 Jan;153:108508. doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108508. Epub 2019 Oct 3.
70 Pharmacologic profiling of human and rat cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1A2 induction and competition. Arch Toxicol. 2008 Dec;82(12):909-21.
71 Effect of CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms on estrogen metabolism and bone density. J Bone Miner Res. 2005 Feb;20(2):232-9. doi: 10.1359/JBMR.041110. Epub 2004 Nov 16.
72 Increased sensitivity for troglitazone-induced cytotoxicity using a human in vitro co-culture model. Toxicol In Vitro. 2009 Oct;23(7):1387-95.
73 Isoform-specific induction of a human aldo-keto reductase by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), electrophiles, and oxidative stress: implications for the alternative pathway of PAH activation catalyzed by human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase. Cancer Res. 1999 Feb 1;59(3):607-14.
74 Gene expression changes in human small airway epithelial cells exposed to Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Toxicol Lett. 2005 Aug 14;158(2):95-107.
75 The metallohormone cadmium modulates AhR-associated gene expression in the small intestine of rats similar to ethinyl-estradiol. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Apr;87(4):633-43.
76 Evidence for a new human CYP1A1 regulation pathway involving PPAR-alpha and 2 PPRE sites. Gastroenterology. 2004 Nov;127(5):1436-45.
77 Dexamethasone and the inflammatory response in explants of human omental adipose tissue. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010 Feb 5;315(1-2):292-8.
78 Inhibiting Heat Shock Proteins Can Potentiate the Cytotoxic Effect of Cannabidiol in Human Glioma Cells. Anticancer Res. 2015 Nov;35(11):5827-37.
79 Calcium pantothenate modulates gene expression in proliferating human dermal fibroblasts. Exp Dermatol. 2009 Nov;18(11):969-78. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00884.x. Epub 2009 Apr 8.
80 Protective role of HO-1 for alcohol-dependent liver damage. Dig Dis. 2010;28(6):792-8. doi: 10.1159/000324287. Epub 2011 Apr 27.
81 ERE-independent ERalpha target genes differentially expressed in human breast tumors. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2005 Dec 21;245(1-2):53-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2005.10.003. Epub 2005 Nov 17.
82 Neuroprotective effects of glucomoringin-isothiocyanate against H(2)O(2)-Induced cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. Neurotoxicology. 2019 Dec;75:89-104. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.09.008. Epub 2019 Sep 12.
83 High selenium status in individuals exposed to arsenic through coal-burning in Shaanxi (PR of China) modulates antioxidant enzymes, heme oxygenase-1 and DNA damage. Clin Chim Acta. 2010 Sep 6;411(17-18):1312-8.
84 Dimethyl Fumarate Inhibits the Nuclear Factor B Pathway in Breast Cancer Cells by Covalent Modification of p65 Protein. J Biol Chem. 2016 Feb 12;291(7):3639-47. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.679704. Epub 2015 Dec 18.
85 Combination treatment with arsenic trioxide and sulindac enhances apoptotic cell death in lung cancer cells via activation of oxidative stress and mitogen-activated protein kinases. Oncol Rep. 2008 Aug;20(2):379-84.
86 Functional gene expression profile underlying methotrexate-induced senescence in human colon cancer cells. Tumour Biol. 2011 Oct;32(5):965-76.
87 Comparison of the effects of metoclopramide and domperidone on HERG channels. Pharmacology. 2005 Apr;74(1):31-6. doi: 10.1159/000083234. Epub 2005 Jan 7.
88 Further insights into the effect of quinidine in short QT syndrome caused by a mutation in HERG. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2005 Jan;16(1):54-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2005.04470.x.
89 Automated tight seal electrophysiology for assessing the potential hERG liability of pharmaceutical compounds. Assay Drug Dev Technol. 2004 Oct;2(5):497-506. doi: 10.1089/adt.2004.2.497.
90 Refining the human iPSC-cardiomyocyte arrhythmic risk assessment model. Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):581-94. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft205. Epub 2013 Sep 19.
91 Pharmacology of the short QT syndrome N588K-hERG K+ channel mutation: differential impact on selected class I and class III antiarrhythmic drugs. Br J Pharmacol. 2008 Nov;155(6):957-66. doi: 10.1038/bjp.2008.325. Epub 2008 Aug 25.
92 Comparison of HERG channel blocking effects of various beta-blockers-- implication for clinical strategy. Br J Pharmacol. 2006 Mar;147(6):642-52. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706508.
93 Inhibitory effects of the class III antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone on cloned HERG potassium channels. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1999 Mar;359(3):212-9. doi: 10.1007/pl00005344.
94 Redox state dependency of HERGS631C channel pharmacology: relation to C-type inactivation. FEBS Lett. 2000 May 26;474(1):111-5. doi: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01586-6.
95 Gingival Stromal Cells as an In Vitro Model: Cannabidiol Modulates Genes Linked With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. J Cell Biochem. 2017 Apr;118(4):819-828. doi: 10.1002/jcb.25757. Epub 2016 Nov 28.
96 Sertraline induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in hepatic cells. Toxicology. 2014 Aug 1;322:78-88. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.05.007. Epub 2014 May 24.
97 Gypenosides protect retinal pigment epithelium cells from oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018 Feb;112:76-85.
98 Selenium and vitamin E: cell type- and intervention-specific tissue effects in prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Mar 4;101(5):306-20.
99 Distinct Nrf2 Signaling Mechanisms of Fumaric Acid Esters and Their Role in Neuroprotection against 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Induced Experimental Parkinson's-Like Disease. J Neurosci. 2016 Jun 8;36(23):6332-51. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0426-16.2016.
100 Simvastatin protects dopaminergic neurons against MPP+-induced oxidative stress and regulates the endogenous anti-oxidant system through ERK. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;51(4):1957-1968.
101 P450 3A-catalyzed O-dealkylation of lapatinib induces mitochondrial stress and activates Nrf2. Chem Res Toxicol. 2016 May 16;29(5):784-96.
102 Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
103 P21(Waf1/Cip1) plays a critical role in furazolidone-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells through influencing the caspase-3 activation and ROS generation. Food Chem Toxicol. 2016 Feb;88:1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.12.004. Epub 2015 Dec 11.
104 Gene expression after treatment with hydrogen peroxide, menadione, or t-butyl hydroperoxide in breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2002 Nov 1;62(21):6246-54.
105 Convergent transcriptional profiles induced by endogenous estrogen and distinct xenoestrogens in breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis. 2006 Aug;27(8):1567-78.
106 Gene expression in endometrial cancer cells (Ishikawa) after short time high dose exposure to progesterone. Steroids. 2008 Jan;73(1):116-28.
107 In vitro aromatic bioactivation of the weak estrogen E(2)alpha and genesis of DNA adducts. Steroids. 2005 Mar;70(3):161-72. doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2004.11.004.
108 Metabolism of melatonin by human cytochromes p450. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Apr;33(4):489-94.
109 Metabolism of retinoids and arachidonic acid by human and mouse cytochrome P450 1b1. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Aug;32(8):840-7.
110 Apoptosis contributes to the cytotoxicity induced by amodiaquine and its major metabolite N-desethylamodiaquine in hepatic cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2020 Feb;62:104669. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104669. Epub 2019 Oct 16.
111 Genetic variants contributing to daunorubicin-induced cytotoxicity. Cancer Res. 2008 May 1;68(9):3161-8. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6381.