Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DISR05SL)

Disease Name Vitiligo
Disease Class ED63: Acquired hypomelanotic disorder
Definition Generalized well circumscribed patches of leukoderma that are generally distributed over symmetric body locations and is due to autoimmune destruction of melanocytes.
Disease Hierarchy
DISORMTM: Autoimmune disease
DISY5SZC: Dermatitis
DISR05SL: Vitiligo
ICD Code
ICD-11
ICD-11: ED63.0
ICD-10
ICD-10: L80-L99, L80
ICD-9
ICD-9: 709.01
Expand ICD-11
'ED63.0
Expand ICD-10
'L80-L99; 'L80
Expand ICD-9
709.01
Disease Identifiers
MONDO ID
MONDO_0008661
MESH ID
D014820
UMLS CUI
C0042900
MedGen ID
22677
HPO ID
HP:0001045
SNOMED CT ID
56727007

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 4 Approved Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
Afamelanotide DMVWHTG Approved Small molecular drug [1]
Monobenzone DMVJS2K Approved Small molecular drug [2]
Ruxolitinib DM7Q98D Approved Small molecular drug [3]
Trioxsalen DM53BDW Approved Small molecular drug [4]
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This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 3 Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
ATI-502 DM8NODR Phase 2 Small molecular drug [3]
Cerdulatinib DMSCR2H Phase 2 NA [3]
PIPERINE DMYEAB1 Phase 1/2 Small molecular drug [5]
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This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 2 Investigative Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
SWT-05104 DM7VGMX Investigative NA [6]
SWT-05105 DM7POZI Investigative NA [6]
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Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
This Disease Is Related to 58 DTT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
CCR6 TTFDB30 Limited Biomarker [7]
CD4 TTN2JFW Limited Genetic Variation [8]
GZMB TTKEPHX Limited Genetic Variation [9]
HLA-B TTGS10J Limited Biomarker [10]
IL1A TTPM6HI Limited Biomarker [11]
CASP7 TTM7Y45 moderate Genetic Variation [12]
FOXP1 TT0MUCI moderate Genetic Variation [12]
TNF TTF8CQI moderate Altered Expression [13]
AGPAT1 TTPL1TK Strong Genetic Variation [14]
APEX1 TTHGL48 Strong Genetic Variation [15]
APOE TTKS9CB Strong Genetic Variation [16]
AQP3 TTLDNMQ Strong Altered Expression [17]
ATAT1 TTWUHQ1 Strong Genetic Variation [14]
CD44 TTWFBT7 Strong Biomarker [16]
CD80 TT89Z17 Strong Biomarker [16]
CYP21A2 TTP4GLG Strong Genetic Variation [14]
DDR1 TTI1FPZ Strong Genetic Variation [18]
FADS2 TTT2VDU Strong Genetic Variation [12]
FANCA TTV5HJS Strong Genetic Variation [16]
FBXO11 TT6G10V Strong Altered Expression [19]
HLA-A TTHONFT Strong Genetic Variation [20]
HLA-DQA1 TTU2I3J Strong Genetic Variation [14]
HLA-DRB1 TTUXSTW Strong Biomarker [10]
IL19 TT87RWS Strong Biomarker [21]
IL20 TTNZMY2 Strong Genetic Variation [21]
IL2RA TT10Y9E Strong Genetic Variation [12]
IRF3 TTYR7OH Strong Genetic Variation [12]
KLRC1 TTC4IMS Strong Biomarker [22]
LTA TTP73TM Strong Biomarker [23]
MCHR1 TTX4RTB Strong Biomarker [24]
MLANA TT362RB Strong Biomarker [25]
NEK6 TT8I2M7 Strong Genetic Variation [12]
NFE2L2 TTA6ZN2 Strong Biomarker [26]
NLRP1 TTQX29T Strong Genetic Variation [27]
NOTCH4 TTXDIK2 Strong Genetic Variation [14]
PGD TTZ3IFB Strong Biomarker [28]
PMEL TT8MK59 Strong Biomarker [29]
PPARGC1B TTKSQ3W Strong Genetic Variation [12]
PPP3CA TTA4LDE Strong Genetic Variation [12]
PRDX5 TTLPJWH Strong Altered Expression [30]
PRSS1 TT2WR1T Strong Biomarker [31]
PSMB10 TTPNACM Strong Biomarker [32]
PSMB8 TTEAD9J Strong Genetic Variation [33]
PSMB9 TTOUSTQ Strong Genetic Variation [33]
PTPRC TTUS45N Strong Genetic Variation [12]
QPCT TTJ7YTV Strong Biomarker [34]
SH2B3 TT36N7Z Strong Biomarker [16]
SLC18A2 TTNZRI3 Strong Biomarker [35]
SLC1A2 TT2F078 Strong Genetic Variation [12]
SLC44A4 TT0NYDG Strong Genetic Variation [14]
TICAM1 TT2GQT6 Strong Genetic Variation [16]
TNFRSF11A TT3K9S2 Strong Genetic Variation [12]
TRPM1 TTTDAI9 Strong Altered Expression [36]
TSLP TTHMW3T Strong Biomarker [37]
TYR TTULVH8 Strong Biomarker [38]
TYRP1 TTFRV98 Strong Biomarker [25]
UBE2E2 TTXJEOF Strong Genetic Variation [12]
MC1R TT0MV2T Definitive Biomarker [25]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 58 DTT(s)
This Disease Is Related to 2 DTP Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTP ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
SLC16A12 DTZOKFJ Strong Biomarker [39]
SLC29A3 DTZAWTH Strong Genetic Variation [40]
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This Disease Is Related to 3 DME Molecule(s)
Gene Name DME ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
FADS1 DE05S8C Strong Genetic Variation [12]
MSRA DEU2ZBY Strong Altered Expression [41]
MSRB2 DEMQOF7 Strong Biomarker [42]
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This Disease Is Related to 97 DOT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DOT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
BTNL2 OTTTEMZA Limited Genetic Variation [16]
PTPN22 OTDCNTC3 Limited Genetic Variation [43]
RNASET2 OTWY64L7 Limited Genetic Variation [12]
RPGRIP1L OT6Z069I Limited Genetic Variation [44]
SMOC2 OTK1EQ49 Limited Biomarker [45]
BACH2 OT17GS18 moderate Genetic Variation [12]
IKZF4 OTHGPHOM moderate Genetic Variation [12]
ABR OTZQK8JF Strong Genetic Variation [46]
ARID5B OTUQ4CQY Strong Genetic Variation [12]
BCL2L12 OTS6IFZY Strong Genetic Variation [12]
C1GALT1C1 OTRTZUF5 Strong Biomarker [47]
C1QTNF6 OT57EPQC Strong Genetic Variation [12]
C4BPA OTHNH6Y8 Strong Biomarker [48]
CALR3 OTO4WCU9 Strong Biomarker [39]
CANX OTYP1F6J Strong Biomarker [31]
CARD14 OTADQHOV Strong Biomarker [48]
CBFA2T3 OTOJ10S1 Strong Genetic Variation [12]
CCDC88A OT3SSYYC Strong Biomarker [49]
CCHCR1 OT22C116 Strong Genetic Variation [14]
CDK5RAP1 OTDEJXD0 Strong Biomarker [50]
CIITA OTRJNZFO Strong Biomarker [51]
CLNK OTOWK51S Strong Biomarker [16]
CPVL OTOJL31C Strong Genetic Variation [12]
CXCL16 OTD49T9R Strong Biomarker [52]
DCT OTYVNTBG Strong Biomarker [25]
DDX39B OTEVCFVU Strong Genetic Variation [14]
DDX6 OTKWXVDY Strong Genetic Variation [53]
DEF8 OTS93PPZ Strong Genetic Variation [12]
DEFB1 OT5SV0E4 Strong Genetic Variation [54]
EGFL8 OTECTJ7K Strong Genetic Variation [14]
FARP2 OTNRQIMK Strong Genetic Variation [12]
FLI1 OT0EV3LX Strong Genetic Variation [12]
FOXD3 OTXYV6GO Strong Genetic Variation [55]
GTF2H4 OTPD1DIU Strong Genetic Variation [14]
HERC2 OTNQYKOB Strong Genetic Variation [12]
HLA-DOA OTZE5Q7R Strong Genetic Variation [56]
HLA-DQA2 OT1DH0N9 Strong Genetic Variation [57]
HLA-DRB3 OT5PM9N7 Strong Biomarker [58]
HLA-DRB4 OTNXIHQU Strong Biomarker [58]
HLA-F OT76CM19 Strong Genetic Variation [59]
IFIH1 OTZA2AHA Strong Biomarker [16]
IFNE OTXO5MHZ Strong Genetic Variation [60]
IFNLR1 OTWWWK45 Strong Biomarker [61]
IL1RAPL1 OTW3T4B2 Strong Genetic Variation [12]
IL20RA OTSIVBVS Strong Genetic Variation [21]
IL20RB OTHFXK95 Strong Altered Expression [21]
IL22RA2 OTGOFDCY Strong Biomarker [61]
IL26 OT2WYCW4 Strong Genetic Variation [62]
IRF4 OT1DHQ1P Strong Genetic Variation [12]
LGI3 OT0CZ85H Strong Altered Expression [63]
LPP OT6TU8SE Strong Genetic Variation [12]
LRR1 OTSWDXVY Strong Genetic Variation [64]
MBD1 OTD19VO6 Strong Biomarker [65]
MBD3 OTRL76H5 Strong Biomarker [65]
MITF OT6XJCZH Strong Altered Expression [66]
MUCL3 OTGAD3I0 Strong Genetic Variation [14]
MYCBP2 OTHODA1F Strong Biomarker [67]
NAIP OTLA925F Strong Genetic Variation [51]
NEU1 OTH9BY8Y Strong Genetic Variation [14]
NFE2 OTLM94BI Strong Altered Expression [68]
NLE1 OT1BV82K Strong Genetic Variation [69]
NLN OTFRITPU Strong Biomarker [70]
NUDT10 OT61XMYC Strong Biomarker [71]
OPN4 OT1LZ7TS Strong Biomarker [70]
PARP12 OTCQTYIO Strong Genetic Variation [12]
PGP OT6QQ7OR Strong Altered Expression [72]
PIK3R1 OT5BZ1J9 Strong Biomarker [11]
PLCB3 OT0OMDEM Strong Genetic Variation [12]
POU5F1 OTDHHN7O Strong Genetic Variation [14]
PPP4R3B OT1VTUL9 Strong Genetic Variation [12]
PPT2 OTD5VJ9A Strong Genetic Variation [14]
PRDX6 OTS8KC8A Strong Altered Expression [73]
PYDC1 OTC2DD7L Strong Genetic Variation [74]
QDPR OTSKOIUX Strong Biomarker [75]
RAB5C OTQE5QQ2 Strong Genetic Variation [12]
RALY OT78NNWY Strong Genetic Variation [12]
RANBP2 OTFG5CVF Strong Biomarker [31]
RERE OT3G4GBZ Strong Genetic Variation [12]
RNF5 OTDQGI37 Strong Genetic Variation [14]
RTL1 OTOT33IM Strong Biomarker [76]
SAFB OTGRV2LW Strong Genetic Variation [51]
SFTA2 OTVRIUIV Strong Genetic Variation [14]
SH2B2 OTEDHHDH Strong Biomarker [71]
SLA OTV17DY2 Strong Biomarker [16]
SLC22A18 OT9C3KR4 Strong Genetic Variation [51]
SOX10 OTF25ULQ Strong Biomarker [25]
STAT4 OTAK3VFR Strong Genetic Variation [12]
STRN3 OT44KXPY Strong Genetic Variation [44]
TBP OT6C0S52 Strong Biomarker [11]
TEF OTY3LAD9 Strong Genetic Variation [12]
TG OT3ELHIJ Strong Genetic Variation [12]
TNXB OTVBWAV5 Strong Genetic Variation [14]
TOB2 OTEEHL60 Strong Biomarker [16]
TRIM15 OTNYAKP6 Strong Genetic Variation [14]
TRIM26 OTS0DJIP Strong Genetic Variation [14]
TRIM31 OT7VW6RP Strong Genetic Variation [14]
TSBP1 OT5GE8IO Strong Genetic Variation [77]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 97 DOT(s)

References

1 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6830).
3 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
4 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
5 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2489).
6 The ChEMBL database in 2017. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D945-D954.
7 Circulating CCL20: A potential biomarker for active vitiligo together with the number of Th1/17 cells.J Dermatol Sci. 2019 Feb;93(2):92-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.12.005. Epub 2019 Jan 3.
8 Possible association of the CD4 gene polymorphism with vitiligo in an Iranian population.Clin Exp Dermatol. 2010 Jul;35(5):521-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03667.x. Epub 2009 Oct 19.
9 Genetic polymorphisms of GZMB and vitiligo: A genetic association study based on Chinese Han population.Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 29;8(1):13001. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31233-8.
10 HLA alleles and amino-acid signatures of the peptide-binding pockets of HLA molecules in vitiligo.J Invest Dermatol. 2012 Jan;132(1):124-34. doi: 10.1038/jid.2011.240. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
11 Reduced Nrf2 activation in PI3K phosphorylation-impaired vitiliginous keratinocytes increases susceptibility to ROS-generating chemical-induced apoptosis.Environ Toxicol. 2017 Dec;32(12):2481-2491. doi: 10.1002/tox.22461. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
12 Genome-wide association studies of autoimmune vitiligo identify 23 new risk loci and highlight key pathways and regulatory variants.Nat Genet. 2016 Nov;48(11):1418-1424. doi: 10.1038/ng.3680. Epub 2016 Oct 10.
13 Cytokine profile (IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, IL-22, and TNF-) in vitiligo-New insight into pathogenesis of disease.J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019 Feb;18(1):337-341. doi: 10.1111/jocd.12517. Epub 2018 Mar 4.
14 Genome-wide association study for vitiligo identifies susceptibility loci at 6q27 and the MHC.Nat Genet. 2010 Jul;42(7):614-8. doi: 10.1038/ng.603. Epub 2010 Jun 6.
15 Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of APE1 associated with risk and prognosis of vitiligo in a Han Chinese population.Adv Clin Exp Med. 2019 Sep;28(9):1249-1255. doi: 10.17219/acem/68364.
16 Genome-wide association analyses identify 13 new susceptibility loci for generalized vitiligo.Nat Genet. 2012 May 6;44(6):676-80. doi: 10.1038/ng.2272.
17 Immunohistochemical expression of AQP-3 in vitiligo: a new potential guide for disease activity.G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2017 Aug;152(4):348-354. doi: 10.23736/S0392-0488.16.05248-2. Epub 2016 Feb 29.
18 CDH1 and DDR1 common variants confer risk to vitiligo and autoimmune comorbidities.Gene. 2019 Jun 5;700:17-22. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.03.026. Epub 2019 Mar 16.
19 VIT1/FBXO11 knockdown induces morphological alterations and apoptosis in B10BR mouse melanocytes.Int J Mol Med. 2009 May;23(5):673-8. doi: 10.3892/ijmm_00000179.
20 HLA-G Polymorphisms Are Associated with Non-segmental Vitiligo among Brazilians.Biomolecules. 2019 Sep 9;9(9):463. doi: 10.3390/biom9090463.
21 Association analysis of genes of the IL19 cluster and their receptors in vitiligo patients.Dermatology. 2010;221(3):261-6. doi: 10.1159/000317526.
22 Differential expression of inhibitory or activating CD94/NKG2 subtypes on MART-1-reactive T cells in vitiligo versus melanoma: a case report.J Invest Dermatol. 2002 Apr;118(4):595-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2002.01698.x.
23 Genetic variants of interferon-gamma and its mRNA expression and inflammatory parameters in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.Biochem Cell Biol. 2017 Aug;95(4):474-481. doi: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0228. Epub 2017 Mar 8.
24 Autoantibodies in vitiligo patients recognize multiple domains of the melanin-concentrating hormone receptor.J Invest Dermatol. 2003 Oct;121(4):765-70. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12494.x.
25 Identification of pathogenic genes and transcription factors in vitiligo.Dermatol Ther. 2019 Sep;32(5):e13025. doi: 10.1111/dth.13025. Epub 2019 Aug 28.
26 Glycyrrhizin protects human melanocytes from H2O2induced oxidative damage via the Nrf2dependent induction of HO?.Int J Mol Med. 2019 Jul;44(1):253-261. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4200. Epub 2019 May 16.
27 Meta-analysis of the association between NLRP1 polymorphisms and the susceptibility to vitiligo and associated autoimmune diseases.Oncotarget. 2017 Sep 22;8(50):88179-88188. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.21165. eCollection 2017 Oct 20.
28 Distribution of serum proteins, red cell enzymes and haemoglobins in vitiligo.Hum Hered. 1982;32(1):46-8. doi: 10.1159/000153257.
29 Identification of the Risk HLA-A Alleles and Autoantigen in Han Chinese Vitiligo Patients and the Association of CD8+T Cell Reactivity with Disease Characteristics.Med Sci Monit. 2018 Sep 16;24:6489-6497. doi: 10.12659/MSM.910515.
30 Increased epidermal functioning wild-type p53 expression in vitiligo.Exp Dermatol. 2003 Jun;12(3):268-77. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0625.2003.00084.x.
31 Increased sensitivity of melanocytes to oxidative stress and abnormal expression of tyrosinase-related protein in vitiligo.Br J Dermatol. 2001 Jan;144(1):55-65. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.03952.x.
32 Genes of the LMP/TAP cluster are associated with the human autoimmune disease vitiligo.Genes Immun. 2003 Oct;4(7):492-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364016.
33 Association and expression of the antigen-processing gene PSMB8, coding for low-molecular-mass protease 7, with vitiligo in North India: case-control study.Br J Dermatol. 2018 Feb;178(2):482-491. doi: 10.1111/bjd.15391. Epub 2017 Oct 9.
34 Association of NLRP1 genetic variants and mRNA overexpression with generalized vitiligo and disease activity in a Gujarat population.Br J Dermatol. 2013 Nov;169(5):1114-25. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12467.
35 Expression profile of genes associated with the dopamine pathway in vitiligo skin biopsies and blood sera.Dermatology. 2012;224(2):168-76. doi: 10.1159/000338023. Epub 2012 May 4.
36 Metabo-miR: miR-211 Regulates Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism in Vitiligo.J Invest Dermatol. 2017 Sep;137(9):1828-1830. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.06.012.
37 Cutaneous expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in vitiligo patients: a case-control study.Int J Dermatol. 2019 May;58(5):589-592. doi: 10.1111/ijd.14282. Epub 2018 Oct 27.
38 Ratiometric target-triggered fluorescent silicon nanoparticles probe for quantitative visualization of tyrosinase activity.Talanta. 2019 May 15;197:113-121. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.01.002. Epub 2019 Jan 5.
39 Role of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Prognosis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease.Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2021 Jan 2;29(1):118-123. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2019.1655580. Epub 2019 Oct 2.
40 Association analyses identify three susceptibility Loci for vitiligo in the Chinese Han population.J Invest Dermatol. 2013 Feb;133(2):403-10. doi: 10.1038/jid.2012.320. Epub 2012 Sep 6.
41 Decreased methionine sulphoxide reductase A expression renders melanocytes more sensitive to oxidative stress: a possible cause for melanocyte loss in vitiligo.Br J Dermatol. 2009 Sep;161(3):504-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09288.x. Epub 2009 May 5.
42 Methionine sulfoxide reductases A and B are deactivated by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the epidermis of patients with vitiligo.J Invest Dermatol. 2008 Apr;128(4):808-15. doi: 10.1038/sj.jid.5701100. Epub 2007 Oct 18.
43 Association of PTPN22 gene polymorphism with non-segmental vitiligo in South Indian Tamils.Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2018 Jun;35(3):280-285. doi: 10.5114/ada.2018.76225. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
44 Three new single nucleotide polymorphisms identified by a genome-wide association study in Korean patients with vitiligo.J Korean Med Sci. 2013 May;28(5):775-9. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.5.775. Epub 2013 May 2.
45 Variants in PTPN22 and SMOC2 genes and the risk of thyroid disease in the Jordanian Arab population.Endocrine. 2013 Dec;44(3):702-9. doi: 10.1007/s12020-013-9908-z. Epub 2013 Mar 6.
46 Hearing loss in vitiligo: current concepts and review.Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Jun;274(6):2367-2372. doi: 10.1007/s00405-017-4452-8. Epub 2017 Feb 14.
47 Accounting for eXentricities: analysis of the X chromosome in GWAS reveals X-linked genes implicated in autoimmune diseases.PLoS One. 2014 Dec 5;9(12):e113684. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113684. eCollection 2014.
48 Evaluation of combined excimer laser and platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of nonsegmental vitiligo: A prospective comparative study.J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020 Apr;19(4):869-877. doi: 10.1111/jocd.13103. Epub 2019 Sep 21.
49 Involvement of Different Genes Expressions during Immunological and Inflammatory Responses in Vitiligo.Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2017;27(3):277-287. doi: 10.1615/CritRevEukaryotGeneExpr.2017019558.
50 Association between CDK5RAP1 polymorphisms and susceptibility to vitiligo in the Korean population.Eur J Dermatol. 2012 Jul-Aug;22(4):495-9. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2012.1728.
51 Evaluation of NLRP1 gene polymorphisms in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2011 Jan;55(1):57-61. doi: 10.1007/s10384-010-0887-9. Epub 2011 Feb 18.
52 Oxidative Stress-Induced HMGB1 Release fromMelanocytes: A Paracrine Mechanism Underlying the Cutaneous Inflammation inVitiligo.J Invest Dermatol. 2019 Oct;139(10):2174-2184.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.1148. Epub 2019 Apr 15.
53 An in-depth analysis identifies two new independent signals in 11q23.3 associated with vitiligo in the Chinese Han population.J Dermatol Sci. 2017 Oct;88(1):103-109. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.05.001. Epub 2017 May 3.
54 Association of human beta-defensin 1 gene polymorphisms with nonsegmental vitiligo.Clin Exp Dermatol. 2019 Apr;44(3):277-282. doi: 10.1111/ced.13697. Epub 2018 Jun 20.
55 A novel FoxD3 Variant Is Associated With Vitiligo and Elevated Thyroid Auto-Antibodies.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Oct;100(10):E1335-42. doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-2126. Epub 2015 Aug 12.
56 Lack of association between cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4+49A/G polymorphism and psoriasis and vitiligo: A meta-analysis of case-control studies.Gene. 2015 Sep 1;568(2):196-202. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.05.051. Epub 2015 May 24.
57 Association of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 genes with vitiligo in Chinese Hans.Int J Dermatol. 2005 Dec;44(12):1022-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.02389.x.
58 Association of HLA loci alleles and antigens in Saudi patients with vitiligo.Arch Dermatol Res. 2006 Dec;298(7):347-52. doi: 10.1007/s00403-006-0699-4. Epub 2006 Sep 22.
59 Promoter polymorphisms of the HLA-G gene, but not the HLA-E and HLA-F genes, is associated with non-segmental vitiligo patients in the Korean population.Arch Dermatol Res. 2011 Nov;303(9):679-84. doi: 10.1007/s00403-011-1160-x. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
60 Association study between nonsense polymorphism (rs2039381, Gln71Stop) of interferon- and susceptibility to vitiligo in Korean population.Immunol Invest. 2013;42(5):423-30. doi: 10.3109/08820139.2013.804836.
61 The mRNA expression profile of cytokines connected to the regulation of melanocyte functioning in vitiligo skin biopsy samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Hum Immunol. 2012 Apr;73(4):393-8. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.01.011. Epub 2012 Jan 31.
62 Association analysis of class II cytokine and receptor genes in vitiligo patients.Hum Immunol. 2016 May;77(5):375-81. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.09.050. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
63 Leucine-rich glioma inactivated 3: a novel keratinocyte-derived melanogenic cytokine in vitiligo patients.An Bras Dermatol. 2019 Oct 17;94(4):434-441. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20198250. eCollection 2019.
64 Polymorphisms in NLRP1 gene and susceptibility to autoimmune thyroid disease.Autoimmunity. 2013 May;46(3):215-21. doi: 10.3109/08916934.2013.768617.
65 Abnormal DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with vitiligo.Br J Dermatol. 2010 Oct;163(4):736-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09919.x. Epub 2010 Sep 6.
66 Increased systemic and epidermal levels of IL-17A and IL-1 promotes progression of non-segmental vitiligo.Cytokine. 2017 Mar;91:153-161. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.12.014. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
67 Association of ACE gene I/D polymorphism with vitiligo: a meta-analysis.Arch Dermatol Res. 2013 Jul;305(5):365-70. doi: 10.1007/s00403-013-1315-z. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
68 Baicalein protects human vitiligo melanocytes from oxidative stress through activation of NF-E2-related factor2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway.Free Radic Biol Med. 2018 Dec;129:492-503. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.10.421. Epub 2018 Oct 18.
69 An In-Vitro Assay Estimating Changes in Melanin Content of Melanoma Cells due to Ultra-Dilute, Potentized Preparations.Homeopathy. 2019 Aug;108(3):183-187. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1678541. Epub 2019 Mar 5.
70 Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of novel coumarin derivatives containing isoxazole moieties on melanin synthesis in B16 cells and inhibition on bacteria.Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2017 Jun 15;27(12):2674-2677. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.04.039. Epub 2017 Apr 14.
71 HLA-DQA1*0301-associated susceptibility for autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II and III.Horm Metab Res. 2003 Feb;35(2):120-4. doi: 10.1055/s-2003-39059.
72 Tissue estimation of protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) expression and apoptosis in vitiligo.Int J Dermatol. 2008 Sep;47(9):911-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03723.x.
73 Screening and identification of differentially expressed serum proteins in patients with vitiligo using twodimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry.Mol Med Rep. 2018 Feb;17(2):2651-2659. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8159. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
74 Inflammasomes and human autoimmunity: A comprehensive review.J Autoimmun. 2015 Jul;61:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.05.001. Epub 2015 May 23.
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