Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMU8JGH)

• Drug Name: Hydralazine Drug Info
• Synonyms: Apresolin; Apresoline; Apressin; Apressoline; Aprezolin; HLZ; Hidral; Hidralazin; Hidralazina; Hipoftalin; Hydralazin; Hydralazinum; Hydrallazin; Hydrallazine; Hydrazinophthalazine; Hypophthalin; Idralazina; Hidralazina [Spanish]; Idralazina [DCIT]; Idralazina [Italian]; BA 5968; C 5968; Ciba 5968; Praparat 5968; Apresoline (TN); Apressin (pharmaceutical); C-5068; C-5968; Hidral (TN); Hidralazina [INN-Spanish]; Hydralazine (INN); Hydralazine [INN:BAN]; Hydralazinum [INN-Latin]; Hydrazone 1(2H)-phthalazinone; Phthalazin-1-ylhydrazine; [2H-Phthalazin-(1Z)-Ylidene]-Hydrazine Hydrochloride; (1Z)-1(2H)-Phthalazinone hydrazone; (2H)-Phthalazinone hydrazone; 1(2H)-Phthalazinone hydrazone; 1(2H)-Phthalazinone, hydrazone; 1-Hydrazinophthalazine; 1-Phthalazinylhydrazine; 6-Hydralazine

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Hypertension	BA00-BA04	Approved	[1] , [2]

• Therapeutic Class: Antihypertensive Agents
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 3637
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:5775
  CAS Number: CAS 86-54-4
  TTD Drug ID: DMU8JGH
  VARIDT Drug ID: DR00942
  INTEDE Drug ID: DR0813
  ACDINA Drug ID: D00311

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Metabolized By RNA cytidine acetyltransferase (hALP)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Folic acid	DMEMBJC	Folate-deficiency anemia	3A02.Y	Approved	[6]
Caffeine	DMKBJWP	Orthostatic hypotension	BA21	Approved	[7]
Procainamide	DMNMXR8	Ventricular arrhythmias	BC71	Approved	[8]
Sulfamethoxazole	DMB08GE	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[9]
Sulfadiazine	DMTW3R8	Rheumatic fever	1B40-1B42	Approved	[10]
Tobramycin	DMUI0CH	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[11]
Mesalazine	DMOL5IU	Ulcerative colitis	DD71	Approved	[12]
Allopurinol	DMLPAOB	Hyperuricaemia	5C55.Y	Approved	[13]
Netilmicin	DMRD1QK	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[14]
Clonazepam	DMTO13J	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[15]

Drug(s) Metabolized By N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Procainamide	DMNMXR8	Ventricular arrhythmias	BC71	Approved	[16]
Amifampridine	DMK08L3	LambertEaton myasthenic syndrome	8C62	Approved	[17]
Asacolitin	DM3WVPJ	Inflammatory bowel disease	DD72	Investigative	[18]

Drug(s) Metabolized By N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Aspirin	DM672AH	Myocardial infarction	BA41-BA43	Approved	[19]
Procainamide	DMNMXR8	Ventricular arrhythmias	BC71	Approved	[20]
Aminosalicylic acid	DMENSL5	Inflammatory bowel disease	DD72	Approved	[21]
Amifampridine	DMK08L3	LambertEaton myasthenic syndrome	8C62	Approved	[17]
Asacolitin	DM3WVPJ	Inflammatory bowel disease	DD72	Investigative	[18]

Drug(s) Targeting Membrane copper amine oxidase (AOC3)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Clonidine	DM6RZ9Q	Hypertension	BA00-BA04	Approved	[22]
ASP8232	DMYK1JU	Diabetic macular edema	9B71.02	Phase 2	[23]
BTT-1023	DMIEPJG	Psoriasis vulgaris	EA90	Phase 2	[24]
BI 1467335	DMTE3UV	Diabetic retinopathy	9B71.0	Discontinued in Phase 2	[25]
Vapaliximab	DM73EPK	Inflammation	1A00-CA43.1	Terminated	[26]
Vapill	DM30E56	Diabetic complication	5A2Y	Investigative	[27]
PSX-4206	DMVJDCM	Pulmonary disease	1B10-1F85	Investigative	[27]
RTU-1096	DMWVBD9	Atopic dermatitis	EA80	Investigative	[27]
FP-1102	DMGID4T	Vascular disease	BE2Z	Investigative	[27]
6-hydroxydopa quinone	DM7M58P	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[28]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Membrane copper amine oxidase (AOC3)	TT7HC21	AOC3_HUMAN	Modulator	[3]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1)	DE7OAB3	ARY1_HUMAN	Substrate	[4]
RNA cytidine acetyltransferase (hALP)	DEZV4AP	NAT10_HUMAN	Substrate	[5]
N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2)	DER7TA0	ARY2_HUMAN	Substrate	[4]

References

• [1] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7326).
• [2] Drug information of Hydralazine, 2008. eduDrugs.
• [3] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [4] N-acetyltransferase 2 genotype-dependent N-acetylation of hydralazine in human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2017 Dec;45(12):1276-1281.
• [5] Prizidilol, an antihypertensive with precapillary vasodilator and beta-adrenoceptor blocking actions, in primary hypertension. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1981 May;29(5):588-93.
• [6] Arylamine N-acetyltransferase in human red blood cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Sep 25;44(6):1099-104.
• [7] A population and family study of N-acetyltransferase using caffeine urinary metabolites. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1993 Aug;54(2):134-41.
• [8] Effect of H2-receptor antagonists on rat liver cytosolic acetyl CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity. Drug Metab Dispos. 1992 Jan-Feb;20(1):74-8.
• [9] Crystallization and preliminary X-ray characterization of arylamine N-acetyltransferase C (BanatC) from Bacillus anthracis. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2007 Oct 1;63(Pt 10):862-4.
• [10] Identification of cytochrome P450 and arylamine N-acetyltransferase isoforms involved in sulfadiazine metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Jul;33(7):969-76.
• [11] Genetic analysis of bacterial acetyltransferases: identification of amino acids determining the specificities of the aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase Ib and IIa proteins. J Bacteriol. 1992 May;174(10):3196-203.
• [12] NAT1 genotypes do not predict response to mesalamine in patients with ulcerative colitis. Z Gastroenterol. 2008 Mar;46(3):259-65.
• [13] Xanthine oxidase inhibition by allopurinol affects the reliability of urinary caffeine metabolic ratios as markers for N-acetyltransferase 2 and CYP1A2 activities. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Jan;54(11):869-76.
• [14] Aminoglycoside resistance resulting from tight drug binding to an altered aminoglycoside acetyltransferase. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 May;47(5):1577-83.
• [15] Effect of common NAT2 variant alleles in the acetylation of the major clonazepam metabolite, 7-aminoclonazepam. Drug Metab Lett. 2007 Jan;1(1):3-5.
• [16] Longitudinal distribution of arylamine N-acetyltransferases in the intestine of the hamster, mouse, and rat. Evidence for multiplicity of N-acetyltransferases in the intestine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 Nov 22;52(10):1613-20.
• [17] Genetic variation in aryl N-acetyltransferase results in significant differences in the pharmacokinetic and safety profiles of amifampridine (3,4-diaminopyridine) phosphate. Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2015 Feb;3(1):e00099.
• [18] Identification and functional characterization of arylamine N-acetyltransferases in eubacteria: evidence for highly selective acetylation of 5-aminosalicylic acid. J Bacteriol. 2001 Jun;183(11):3417-27.
• [19] Polymorphisms of Aspirin-Metabolizing Enzymes CYP2C9, NAT2 and UGT1A6 in Aspirin-Intolerant Urticaria. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2011 Oct;3(4):273-6.
• [20] Substrate-dependent regulation of human arylamine N-acetyltransferase-1 in cultured cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Mar;57(3):468-73.
• [21] Importance of the evaluation of N-acetyltransferase enzyme activity prior to 5-aminosalicylic acid medication for ulcerative colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2016 Aug;22(8):1793-802.
• [22] The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42.
• [23] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
• [24] Preclinical evaluation of a radioiodinated fully human antibody for in vivo imaging of vascular adhesion protein-1-positive vasculature in inflammation. J Nucl Med. 2013 Aug;54(8):1315-9.
• [25] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Boehringer Ingelheim.
• [26] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Huginonline.
• [27] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 2767).
• [28] How many drug targets are there Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6.