Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCH0OM5)

Drug Combination Name
Sorafenib Ritonavir
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Hepatoblastoma Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Sorafenib   DMS8IFC Ritonavir   DMU764S
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: HB3
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 3.268
Bliss Independence Score: 8.967
Loewe Additivity Score: 3.957
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 7.457

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Sorafenib
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [2]
Carcinoma 2A00-2F9Z Approved [2]
Clear cell renal carcinoma N.A. Approved [2]
Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [2]
Medullary thyroid gland carcinoma N.A. Approved [2]
Non-small-cell lung cancer 2C25.Y Approved [2]
Renal cell carcinoma 2C90 Approved [3]
Thyroid cancer 2D10 Approved [2]
Hepatocellular carcinoma 2C12.02 Phase 3 [3]
Myelodysplastic syndrome 2A37 Phase 2 [3]
Sorafenib Interacts with 4 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Tyrosine-protein kinase Kit (KIT) TTX41N9 KIT_HUMAN Modulator [10]
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB) TTI7421 PGFRB_HUMAN Modulator [10]
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) TTGKNB4 EGFR_HUMAN Inhibitor [11]
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR) TTUTJGQ VGFR2_HUMAN Modulator [10]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sorafenib Interacts with 7 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [12]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [13]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [14]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1) DT3D8F0 SO1B1_HUMAN Substrate [15]
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1) DTT79CX S22A1_HUMAN Substrate [16]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (SLCO1B3) DT9C1TS SO1B3_HUMAN Substrate [15]
RalBP1-associated Eps domain-containing protein 2 (RALBP1) DTYEM9B REPS2_HUMAN Substrate [17]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 7 DTP(s)
Sorafenib Interacts with 6 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [18]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Metabolism [19]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Metabolism [20]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7) DERD86B CP3A7_HUMAN Metabolism [20]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) DES5XRU CP2C8_HUMAN Metabolism [18]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 (UGT1A9) DE85D2P UD19_HUMAN Metabolism [21]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 6 DME(s)
Sorafenib Interacts with 112 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) OTHCWT42 CP2C8_HUMAN Decreases Activity [22]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 2 (ABCC2) OTJSIGV5 MRP2_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [23]
Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (KIT) OTHUY3VZ KIT_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [24]
NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA) OTFT924M IKBA_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein (DDIT3) OTI8YKKE DDIT3_HUMAN Increases Expression [26]
DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein (DDIT4) OTHY8SY4 DDIT4_HUMAN Increases Expression [26]
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11) OTRU7THO ABCBB_HUMAN Decreases Activity [27]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Decreases Activity [28]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Decreases Activity [28]
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 3-kinase C2 domain-containing subunit alpha (PIK3C2A) OTFBU4GD P3C2A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5) OTILXZYL BIRC5_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) OTAPLO1S EGFR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
GTPase NRas (NRAS) OTVQ1DG3 RASN_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) OTXJIF13 IGF1R_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Protein kinase C alpha type (PRKCA) OT5UWNRD KPCA_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) OTB5DYYZ CDK2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PIK3CA) OTTOMI8J PK3CA_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (MTOR) OTHH8KU7 MTOR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) OT2B7OGB CDK9_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2) OTOP7LTE GRB2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2 (MDM2) OTOVXARF MDM2_HUMAN Increases Expression [5]
Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) OT8SIIAP IRF5_HUMAN Increases Expression [5]
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) OTADSC03 HIF1A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK3 (PLK3) OT19CT2Z PLK3_HUMAN Increases Expression [5]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK2 (PLK2) OTKMJXJ8 PLK2_HUMAN Increases Expression [5]
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) OT9W9MXQ HDAC6_HUMAN Decreases Expression [5]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B (TNFRSF10B) OTA1CPBV TR10B_HUMAN Increases Expression [26]
CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator (CFLAR) OTX14BAS CFLAR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [29]
Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BCL2L11) OTNQQWFJ B2L11_HUMAN Decreases Expression [30]
Zinc finger protein SNAI2 (SNAI2) OT7Y8EJ2 SNAI2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [6]
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin (PRKN) OTJBN41W PRKN_HUMAN Increases Ubiquitination [31]
Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta (GADD45B) OTL9I7LO GA45B_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 15A (PPP1R15A) OTYG179K PR15A_HUMAN Increases Expression [7]
Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma (GADD45G) OT8V1J4M GA45G_HUMAN Increases Expression [33]
Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial (AIFM1) OTKPWB7Q AIFM1_HUMAN Affects Localization [30]
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 (ABL1) OT09YVXH ABL1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [34]
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU) OTX0QGKK UROK_HUMAN Decreases Expression [35]
Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein (TGFB1) OTV5XHVH TGFB1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [36]
Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) OT0DWXXB IL1B_HUMAN Increases Secretion [37]
RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase (RAF1) OT51LSFO RAF1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [24]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) OTE4EFH8 CP1A1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [38]
Transcription factor Jun (JUN) OTCYBO6X JUN_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck (LCK) OT883FG9 LCK_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [39]
Retinoblastoma-associated protein (RB1) OTQJUJMZ RB_HUMAN Decreases Expression [40]
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (EIF4E) OTDAWNLA IF4E_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [30]
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret (RET) OTLU040A RET_HUMAN Decreases Activity [41]
High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) OT4B7CPF HMGB1_HUMAN Increases Expression [37]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1) OT310QSG PARP1_HUMAN Increases Cleavage [42]
Breakpoint cluster region protein (BCR) OTCN76C1 BCR_HUMAN Decreases Activity [34]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) OTGLBN29 CP2C9_HUMAN Decreases Activity [22]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) OT7EP05T CDK4_HUMAN Decreases Expression [43]
Cadherin-1 (CDH1) OTFJMXPM CADH1_HUMAN Increases Expression [6]
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (SRC) OTETYX40 SRC_HUMAN Decreases Activity [44]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) OT7S81XQ BRAF_HUMAN Decreases Activity [45]
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) OTDJXUCN PGFRA_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [46]
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 (ATF4) OTRFV19J ATF4_HUMAN Increases Expression [26]
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (RPS6KB1) OTAELNGX KS6B1_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [47]
Alanine aminotransferase 1 (GPT) OTOXOA0Q ALAT1_HUMAN Increases Secretion [48]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1) OT8HPTKJ CCND1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [49]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 (CCND2) OTDULQF9 CCND2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [49]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 (CCND3) OTNKPQ22 CCND3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [43]
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1) OT8H2YY7 AKT1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [50]
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR) OT15797V VGFR2_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [24]
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 (MAP2K2) OTUE7Z91 MP2K2_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [45]
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) OTAAGKYZ STAT3_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [51]
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) OTBSJGN3 STA5A_HUMAN Decreases Activity [52]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [53]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8) OTEREYS5 MK08_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [35]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 (MAPK9) OTCEVJ9E MK09_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [35]
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MAP2K4) OTZPZX11 MP2K4_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [35]
Crk-like protein (CRKL) OTOYSD1R CRKL_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [34]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) OTNY5LLZ CDN1B_HUMAN Increases Expression [54]
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) OTNBIPMY CEBPD_HUMAN Increases Expression [33]
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3B) OTL3L14B GSK3B_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [53]
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 (TNFSF10) OT4PXBTA TNF10_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [55]
Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) OTGVVXYF STC1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [56]
Caspase-7 (CASP7) OTAPJ040 CASP7_HUMAN Increases Activity [57]
Caspase-9 (CASP9) OTD4RFFG CASP9_HUMAN Increases Activity [39]
Gasdermin-D (GSDMD) OTH39BKI GSDMD_HUMAN Increases Expression [37]
Sestrin-2 (SESN2) OT889IXY SESN2_HUMAN Increases Expression [58]
Small ribosomal subunit protein eS6 (RPS6) OTT4D1LN RS6_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [59]
Cytochrome c (CYCS) OTBFALJD CYC_HUMAN Affects Localization [60]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) OTR95N0X CDK6_HUMAN Decreases Expression [43]
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1) OT4Y9NQI MP2K1_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [45]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX) OTAW0V4V BAX_HUMAN Increases Cleavage [30]
Bcl-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1) OTRC5K9O B2CL1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [30]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2) OTZX881H KCNH2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [61]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 (BIRC3) OT3E95KB BIRC3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [62]
Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1) OTGY5D5J SQSTM_HUMAN Decreases Expression [47]
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (EIF4EBP1) OTHBQVD5 4EBP1_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [63]
Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 (PMAIP1) OTXEE550 APR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [64]
Caspase-8 (CASP8) OTA8TVI8 CASP8_HUMAN Increases Cleavage [8]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14) OT5TCO3O MK14_HUMAN Decreases Expression [65]
Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (BAK1) OTDP6ILW BAK_HUMAN Decreases Expression [30]
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) OTYXFLSD CP1B1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [66]
Bcl2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD) OT63ERYM BAD_HUMAN Increases Expression [8]
Docking protein 1 (DOK1) OTGVRLW6 DOK1_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [34]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PINK1, mitochondrial (PINK1) OT50NR57 PINK1_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A (EIF2A) OTWXELQP EIF2A_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [7]
Autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) OT4T5SMS ATG5_HUMAN Increases Expression [67]
Transcription factor SOX-17 (SOX17) OT9H4WWE SOX17_HUMAN Decreases Localization [68]
Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase CYLD (CYLD) OT37FKH0 CYLD_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Diablo IAP-binding mitochondrial protein (DIABLO) OTHJ9MCZ DBLOH_HUMAN Affects Localization [64]
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 (EIF2AK3) OT0DZGY4 E2AK3_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [7]
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM62 (TRIM62) OT15YO6N TRI62_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [69]
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 (MCL1) OT2YYI1A MCL1_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [30]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3 (ABCC3) OTC3IJV4 MRP3_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [23]
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) OTGHUA23 HGF_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [70]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1) OTGUN89S MRP1_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [23]
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 (FLT3) OTMSRYMK FLT3_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [59]
Na(+)/citrate cotransporter (SLC13A5) OTPH1TA7 S13A5_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [71]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 112 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Ritonavir
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [4]
Ritonavir Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Human immunodeficiency virus Protease (HIV PR) TT5FNQT POL_HV1B1 Inhibitor [74]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ritonavir Interacts with 3 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [75]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [76]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1 (SLCO2B1) DTPFTEQ SO2B1_HUMAN Substrate [77]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ritonavir Interacts with 5 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [78]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) DECB0K3 CP2D6_HUMAN Metabolism [79]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Metabolism [20]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7) DERD86B CP3A7_HUMAN Metabolism [78]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) DEPKLMQ CP2B6_HUMAN Metabolism [80]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ritonavir Interacts with 90 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) OTSXFBXB CP3A5_HUMAN Decreases Activity [81]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) OTOYO4S7 CP2B6_HUMAN Increases Activity [82]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) OTQGYY83 CP3A4_HUMAN Increases Expression [83]
Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) OTNX23LE ADIPO_HUMAN Decreases Expression [84]
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBF2) OTBXUNPL SRBP2_HUMAN Increases ADR [85]
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBF1) OTWBRPAI SRBP1_HUMAN Increases ADR [85]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) OTE4EFH8 CP1A1_HUMAN Increases Expression [86]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) OTLLBX48 CP1A2_HUMAN Increases Expression [86]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) OTGLBN29 CP2C9_HUMAN Increases Expression [86]
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) OTFMJYYE CP2CJ_HUMAN Increases Expression [86]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) OTHCWT42 CP2C8_HUMAN Decreases Activity [87]
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11) OTRU7THO ABCBB_HUMAN Decreases Activity [27]
Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) OT2DVJWY FGF19_HUMAN Increases Expression [82]
C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) OTTLQ6S0 CXL10_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Growth-regulated alpha protein (CXCL1) OT3WCTZV GROA_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Interleukin-7 (IL7) OTT6YSKM IL7_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
C-C motif chemokine 4 (CCL4) OT6B8P25 CCL4_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) OTO46S5S LIF_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
C-X-C motif chemokine 2 (CXCL2) OTEJCYMY CXCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) OTPAFCPQ SCP2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1) OT8Z5KLD CP7A1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Interleukin-32 (IL32) OT3FHZ81 IL32_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
MHC class II transactivator (CIITA) OTRJNZFO C2TA_HUMAN Increases Expression [82]
C-X-C motif chemokine 5 (CXCL5) OTZOUPCA CXCL5_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (CXCL12) OT2QX5LL SDF1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
C-C motif chemokine 20 (CCL20) OTUCJY4N CCL20_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
C-X-C motif chemokine 6 (CXCL6) OTFTCQ4O CXCL6_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Hepatic sodium/bile acid cotransporter (SLC10A1) OTUJVMCL NTCP_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Organic solute transporter subunit alpha (SLC51A) OTDJRZ0P OSTA_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Protein NLRC5 (NLRC5) OTY8X6MC NLRC5_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Heat shock protein 105 kDa (HSPH1) OTVRR73T HS105_HUMAN Increases Expression [82]
Bile acid receptor (NR1H4) OTWZLPTB NR1H4_HUMAN Increases Expression [82]
7-alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one 12-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP8B1) OTRI4UR1 CP8B1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [82]
Transcription factor E2F3 (E2F3) OT5VQMWY E2F3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5) OTILXZYL BIRC5_HUMAN Decreases Expression [89]
G1/S-specific cyclin-E2 (CCNE2) OTBBUKQQ CCNE2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
Protein c-Fos (FOS) OTJBUVWS FOS_HUMAN Increases Expression [90]
Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC) OTPV5LUK MYC_HUMAN Decreases Expression [89]
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) OT4IE164 TNFA_HUMAN Decreases Secretion [91]
Prelamin-A/C (LMNA) OT3SG7ZR LMNA_HUMAN Increases Expression [92]
Albumin (ALB) OTVMM513 ALBU_HUMAN Affects Binding [93]
Estrogen receptor (ESR1) OTKLU61J ESR1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [94]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Increases Expression [88]
Interleukin-6 (IL6) OTUOSCCU IL6_HUMAN Increases Expression [84]
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) OTTOIX77 ICAM1_HUMAN Increases Expression [95]
Transcription factor Jun (JUN) OTCYBO6X JUN_HUMAN Increases Expression [90]
Retinoblastoma-associated protein (RB1) OTQJUJMZ RB_HUMAN Increases Expression [88]
Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) OTC1W6UX HMOX1_HUMAN Increases Expression [90]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1) OT310QSG PARP1_HUMAN Increases Cleavage [88]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) OTS7T5VH IL8_HUMAN Increases Secretion [92]
C-C motif chemokine 3 (CCL3) OTW2H3ND CCL3_HUMAN Increases Expression [84]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) OT7EP05T CDK4_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (SRC) OTETYX40 SRC_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [96]
C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) OTAD2HEL CCL2_HUMAN Increases Expression [84]
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 (CCNB1) OT19S7E5 CCNB1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
Beta-galactosidase (GLB1) OTB0TKAG BGAL_HUMAN Increases Activity [92]
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit (NFKB1) OTNRRD8I NFKB1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [89]
Cyclin-A2 (CCNA2) OTPHHYZJ CCNA2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
Phosphatidylcholine translocator ABCB4 (ABCB4) OTE6PY83 MDR3_HUMAN Decreases Activity [97]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1) OT8HPTKJ CCND1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [94]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) OTB5DYYZ CDK2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA) OTFT924M IKBA_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [89]
Retinoblastoma-like protein 1 (RBL1) OTDEBFYC RBL1_HUMAN Increases Expression [88]
Caspase-1 (CASP1) OTZ3YQFU CASP1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [91]
Nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) OTLDT7NR NOS3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [98]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 (CCND2) OTDULQF9 CCND2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [89]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) OTHMARHO PPARG_HUMAN Increases Expression [99]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A) OTQWHCZE CDN1A_HUMAN Increases Expression [88]
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) OTAAGKYZ STAT3_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [96]
Leptin (LEP) OT5Q7ODW LEP_HUMAN Decreases Expression [84]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Decreases Activity [91]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B (CDKN2B) OTAG24N1 CDN2B_HUMAN Increases Expression [88]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) OTNY5LLZ CDN1B_HUMAN Increases Expression [88]
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 (FASLG) OTZARCHH TNFL6_HUMAN Decreases Expression [91]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 3 (CDK3) OT2GP6RL CDK3_HUMAN Increases Expression [88]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) OTR95N0X CDK6_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) OT1YAK9F CDK5_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
Transcription factor E2F1 (E2F1) OTLKYBBC E2F1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
Transcription factor p65 (RELA) OTUJP9CN TF65_HUMAN Decreases Activity [89]
Proto-oncogene c-Rel (REL) OTTCKMAC REL_HUMAN Decreases Activity [89]
Bcl-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1) OTRC5K9O B2CL1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [89]
Retinoblastoma-like protein 2 (RBL2) OTBQSOE6 RBL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
Transcription factor E2F2 (E2F2) OTO75RM7 E2F2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [88]
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2) OT0HENJ5 NF2L2_HUMAN Increases Expression [95]
Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (BAK1) OTDP6ILW BAK_HUMAN Increases Expression [88]
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) OTYXFLSD CP1B1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [66]
Scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SCARB1) OTAE1UA1 SCRB1_HUMAN Increases Expression [99]
AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 (AP2A2) OTD1UGUN AP2A2_HUMAN Increases ADR [85]
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) OTTW0267 LIPL_HUMAN Increases ADR [85]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 90 DOT(s)

References

1 Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
2 Sorafenib FDA Label
3 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5711).
4 Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. J Nat Prod. 2007 Mar;70(3):461-77.
5 Novel carbocyclic curcumin analog CUR3d modulates genes involved in multiple apoptosis pathways in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2015 Dec 5;242:107-22.
6 Destruxin B inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth through modulation of the Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Toxicol In Vitro. 2014 Jun;28(4):552-61. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.01.002. Epub 2014 Jan 13.
7 The kinase inhibitor sorafenib induces cell death through a process involving induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Aug;27(15):5499-513. doi: 10.1128/MCB.01080-06. Epub 2007 Jun 4.
8 Sorafenib induces apoptosis of AML cells via Bim-mediated activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Leukemia. 2008 Apr;22(4):808-18. doi: 10.1038/sj.leu.2405098. Epub 2008 Jan 17.
9 Ovatodiolide suppresses yes-associated protein 1-modulated cancer stem cell phenotypes in highly malignant hepatocellular carcinoma and sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro. 2018 Sep;51:74-82. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.04.010. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
10 Preclinical overview of sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor that targets both Raf and VEGF and PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase signaling.Mol Cancer Ther.2008 Oct;7(10):3129-40.
11 Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Current treatment options and future directions. J Nasopharyng Carcinoma, 2014, 1(16): e16.
12 Multidrug resistance protein 2 implicates anticancer drug-resistance to sorafenib. Biol Pharm Bull. 2011;34(3):433-5.
13 Breast cancer resistance protein and P-glycoprotein limit sorafenib brain accumulation. Mol Cancer Ther. 2010 Feb;9(2):319-26.
14 Double-transduced MDCKII cells to study human P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) interplay in drug transport across the blood-brain barrier. Mol Pharm. 2011 Apr 4;8(2):571-82.
15 Contribution of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 to the disposition of sorafenib and sorafenib-glucuronide. Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Mar 15;19(6):1458-66.
16 Upregulation of histone acetylation reverses organic anion transporter 2 repression and enhances 5-fluorouracil sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma
17 Rlip76 transports sunitinib and sorafenib and mediates drug resistance in kidney cancer. Int J Cancer. 2010 Mar 15;126(6):1327-38.
18 Interaction of sorafenib and cytochrome P450 isoenzymes in patients with advanced melanoma: a phase I/II pharmacokinetic interaction study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2011 Nov;68(5):1111-8.
19 Ontogeny and sorafenib metabolism. Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Oct 15;18(20):5788-95.
20 Drug Interactions Flockhart Table
21 Pharmacokinetic interaction involving sorafenib and the calcium-channel blocker felodipine in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Invest New Drugs. 2011 Dec;29(6):1511-4.
22 Differential inhibition of human CYP2C8 and molecular docking interactions elicited by sorafenib and its major N-oxide metabolite. Chem Biol Interact. 2021 Apr 1;338:109401. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109401. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
23 The Enhanced metastatic potential of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells with sorafenib resistance. PLoS One. 2013 Nov 11;8(11):e78675. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078675. eCollection 2013.
24 Sorafenib induces growth suppression in mouse models of gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Mol Cancer Ther. 2009 Jan;8(1):152-9. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-0553.
25 Down-regulation of CYLD as a trigger for NF-B activation and a mechanism of apoptotic resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol. 2011 Jan;38(1):121-31.
26 Sorafenib induces apoptotic cell death in human non-small cell lung cancer cells by down-regulating mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent survivin expression. Biochem Pharmacol. 2011 Aug 1;82(3):216-26. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.04.011. Epub 2011 May 13.
27 Interference with bile salt export pump function is a susceptibility factor for human liver injury in drug development. Toxicol Sci. 2010 Dec; 118(2):485-500.
28 Differential effects of arsenic trioxide on chemosensitization in human hepatic tumor and stellate cell lines. BMC Cancer. 2012 Sep 10;12:402.
29 The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib potentiates TRAIL lethality in human leukemia cells in association with Mcl-1 and cFLIPL down-regulation. Cancer Res. 2007 Oct 1;67(19):9490-500. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-0598.
30 Apoptosis induced by the kinase inhibitor BAY 43-9006 in human leukemia cells involves down-regulation of Mcl-1 through inhibition of translation. J Biol Chem. 2005 Oct 21;280(42):35217-27. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M506551200. Epub 2005 Aug 18.
31 Sorafenib targets the mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes and ATP synthase to activate the PINK1-Parkin pathway and modulate cellular drug response. J Biol Chem. 2017 Sep 8;292(36):15105-15120. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M117.783175. Epub 2017 Jul 3.
32 Induction of DNA damage-inducible gene GADD45beta contributes to sorafenib-induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Res. 2010 Nov 15;70(22):9309-18. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-1033. Epub 2010 Nov 9.
33 Growth arrest DNA damage-inducible gene 45 gamma expression as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget. 2015 Sep 29;6(29):27953-65. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.4446.
34 Sorafenib induces apoptosis specifically in cells expressing BCR/ABL by inhibiting its kinase activity to activate the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Cancer Res. 2009 May 1;69(9):3927-36. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-2978. Epub 2009 Apr 14.
35 Synergistic antimetastatic effect of cotreatment with licochalcone A and sorafenib on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the inactivation of MKK4/JNK and uPA expression. Environ Toxicol. 2018 Dec;33(12):1237-1244. doi: 10.1002/tox.22630. Epub 2018 Sep 6.
36 Sorafenib inhibits transforming growth factor 1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and apoptosis in mouse hepatocytes. Hepatology. 2011 May;53(5):1708-18. doi: 10.1002/hep.24254.
37 Activation of inflammasomes by tyrosine kinase inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor: Implications for VEGFR TKIs-induced immune related adverse events. Toxicol In Vitro. 2021 Mar;71:105063. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105063. Epub 2020 Dec 1.
38 Sorafenib is an antagonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Toxicology. 2022 Mar 30;470:153118. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153118. Epub 2022 Feb 3.
39 Sorafenib induces cell death in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by translational downregulation of Mcl-1. Leukemia. 2011 May;25(5):838-47. doi: 10.1038/leu.2011.2. Epub 2011 Feb 4.
40 Cell cycle dependent and schedule-dependent antitumor effects of sorafenib combined with radiation. Cancer Res. 2007 Oct 1;67(19):9443-54. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-1473.
41 Sorafenib functions to potently suppress RET tyrosine kinase activity by direct enzymatic inhibition and promoting RET lysosomal degradation independent of proteasomal targeting. J Biol Chem. 2007 Oct 5;282(40):29230-40. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M703461200. Epub 2007 Jul 30.
42 Synergistic activity of letrozole and sorafenib on breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010 Nov;124(1):79-88. doi: 10.1007/s10549-009-0714-5. Epub 2010 Jan 7.
43 Coadministration of sorafenib with rottlerin potently inhibits cell proliferation and migration in human malignant glioma cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Dec;319(3):1070-80. doi: 10.1124/jpet.106.108621. Epub 2006 Sep 7.
44 Sorafenib induces apoptosis in HL60 cells by inhibiting Src kinase-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation. Anticancer Drugs. 2011 Jan;22(1):79-88. doi: 10.1097/CAD.0b013e32833f44fd.
45 Rap1/B-Raf signaling is activated in neuroendocrine tumors of the digestive tract and Raf kinase inhibition constitutes a putative therapeutic target. Neuroendocrinology. 2007;85(1):45-53. doi: 10.1159/000100508. Epub 2007 Mar 5.
46 Potent activity of ponatinib (AP24534) in models of FLT3-driven acute myeloid leukemia and other hematologic malignancies. Mol Cancer Ther. 2011 Jun;10(6):1028-35. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-10-1044. Epub 2011 Apr 11.
47 Inhibition of autophagy potentiates the antitumor effect of the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 2012 Aug 1;131(3):548-57. doi: 10.1002/ijc.26374. Epub 2011 Sep 12.
48 Cytotoxicity of 34 FDA approved small-molecule kinase inhibitors in primary rat and human hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Jul;291:138-148. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.010. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
49 Sorafenib inhibits signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling associated with growth arrest and apoptosis of medulloblastomas. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008 Nov;7(11):3519-26. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-0138.
50 Therapeutic targeting of hepatocellular carcinoma cells with antrocinol, a novel, dual-specificity, small-molecule inhibitor of the KRAS and ERK oncogenic signaling pathways. Chem Biol Interact. 2023 Jan 25;370:110329. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110329. Epub 2022 Dec 22.
51 Sorafenib derivatives induce apoptosis through inhibition of STAT3 independent of Raf. Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Jul;46(7):2845-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.04.007. Epub 2011 Apr 14.
52 The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib induces apoptosis in highly imatinib mesylate-resistant bcr/abl+ human leukemia cells in association with signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 inhibition and myeloid cell leukemia-1 down-regulation. Mol Pharmacol. 2007 Sep;72(3):788-95. doi: 10.1124/mol.106.033308. Epub 2007 Jun 26.
53 Arsenic trioxide potentiates the anti-cancer activities of sorafenib against hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting Akt activation. Tumour Biol. 2015 Apr;36(4):2323-34. doi: 10.1007/s13277-014-2839-3. Epub 2014 Nov 22.
54 Proliferation and survival molecules implicated in the inhibition of BRAF pathway in thyroid cancer cells harbouring different genetic mutations. BMC Cancer. 2009 Oct 31;9:387. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-387.
55 The multikinase inhibitor Sorafenib induces apoptosis and sensitises endometrial cancer cells to TRAIL by different mechanisms. Eur J Cancer. 2010 Mar;46(4):836-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.12.025. Epub 2010 Jan 12.
56 Downregulation of stanniocalcin 1 is responsible for sorafenib-induced cardiotoxicity. Toxicol Sci. 2015 Feb;143(2):374-84. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu235. Epub 2014 Nov 3.
57 Sorafenib induces preferential apoptotic killing of a drug- and radio-resistant Hep G2 cells through a mitochondria-dependent oxidative stress mechanism. Cancer Biol Ther. 2009 Oct;8(20):1904-13. doi: 10.4161/cbt.8.20.9436. Epub 2009 Oct 6.
58 Protective effect of sestrin2 against iron overload and ferroptosis-induced liver injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Sep 15;379:114665. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114665. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
59 Mechanisms of apoptosis induction by simultaneous inhibition of PI3K and FLT3-ITD in AML cells in the hypoxic bone marrow microenvironment. Cancer Lett. 2013 Feb 1;329(1):45-58. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.09.020. Epub 2012 Oct 2.
60 The role of Mcl-1 downregulation in the proapoptotic activity of the multikinase inhibitor BAY 43-9006. Oncogene. 2005 Oct 20;24(46):6861-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208841.
61 Why are most phospholipidosis inducers also hERG blockers?. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Dec;91(12):3885-3895. doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-1995-9. Epub 2017 May 27.
62 The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Asian J Androl. 2010 Jul;12(4):527-34. doi: 10.1038/aja.2010.21. Epub 2010 May 17.
63 Synergistic inhibition of human melanoma proliferation by combination treatment with B-Raf inhibitor BAY43-9006 and mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin. J Transl Med. 2005 Oct 28;3:39. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-3-39.
64 GSK-3beta inhibition enhances sorafenib-induced apoptosis in melanoma cell lines. J Biol Chem. 2008 Jan 11;283(2):726-32. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M705343200. Epub 2007 Nov 8.
65 Cytotoxic synergy between the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in vitro: induction of apoptosis through Akt and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase pathways. Mol Cancer Ther. 2006 Sep;5(9):2378-87. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0235.
66 Association of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 inhibition in in vitro assays with drug-induced liver injury. J Toxicol Sci. 2021;46(4):167-176. doi: 10.2131/jts.46.167.
67 Vorinostat and sorafenib increase ER stress, autophagy and apoptosis via ceramide-dependent CD95 and PERK activation. Cancer Biol Ther. 2008 Oct;7(10):1648-62. doi: 10.4161/cbt.7.10.6623. Epub 2008 Oct 12.
68 A high-throughput screen for teratogens using human pluripotent stem cells. Toxicol Sci. 2014 Jan;137(1):76-90. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft239. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
69 TRIM62 silencing represses the proliferation and invasion and increases the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by affecting the NF-B pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 15;445:116035. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116035. Epub 2022 Apr 23.
70 Diospyros kaki leaves inhibit HGF/Met signaling-mediated EMT and stemness features in hepatocellular carcinoma. Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 Aug;142:111475. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111475. Epub 2020 Jun 6.
71 Comparative proteomic analysis of SLC13A5 knockdown reveals elevated ketogenesis and enhanced cellular toxic response to chemotherapeutic agents in HepG2 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2020 Sep 1;402:115117. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115117. Epub 2020 Jul 4.
72 A potent HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir, does not inhibit ZMPSTE24 or lead to an accumulation of farnesyl-prelamin A in cells. J Biol Chem. 2008 Apr 11;283(15):9797-804. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M709629200. Epub 2008 Jan 28.
73 Modulation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 in primary human hepatocytes by prototypical inducers. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2005;19(2):96-108. doi: 10.1002/jbt.20058.
74 Anti-HIV drugs: 25 compounds approved within 25 years after the discovery of HIV. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2009 Apr;33(4):307-20.
75 Interaction of eight HIV protease inhibitors with the canalicular efflux transporter ABCC2 (MRP2) in sandwich-cultured rat and human hepatocytes. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2010 Mar;31(2-3):178-88.
76 MDR1 G1199A polymorphism alters permeability of HIV protease inhibitors across P-glycoprotein-expressing epithelial cells. AIDS. 2005 Oct 14;19(15):1617-25.
77 pH dependence of organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2B1 in Caco-2 cells: potential role in antiretroviral drug oral bioavailability and drug-drug interactions. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Sep 1;334(3):1009-22.
78 Effect of extended exposure to grapefruit juice on cytochrome P450 3A activity in humans: comparison with ritonavir. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Mar;79(3):243-54.
79 Reversible coma caused by risperidone-ritonavir interaction. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2002 Sep-Oct;25(5):251-3.
80 Evaluation of CYP2B6 induction and prediction of clinical drug-drug interactions: considerations from the IQ consortium induction working group-an industry perspective. Drug Metab Dispos. 2016 Oct;44(10):1720-30.
81 Mechanism-based inactivation of CYP3A by HIV protease inhibitors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Feb;312(2):583-91.
82 Transcriptional profiling suggests that Nevirapine and Ritonavir cause drug induced liver injury through distinct mechanisms in primary human hepatocytes. Chem Biol Interact. 2016 Aug 5;255:31-44.
83 Use of immortalized human hepatocytes to predict the magnitude of clinical drug-drug interactions caused by CYP3A4 induction. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Oct;34(10):1742-8.
84 Some HIV antiretrovirals increase oxidative stress and alter chemokine, cytokine or adiponectin production in human adipocytes and macrophages. Antivir Ther. 2007;12(4):489-500.
85 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
86 Severe interaction between ritonavir and acenocoumarol. Ann Pharmacother. 2002 Apr;36(4):621-3.
87 Examination of 209 drugs for inhibition of cytochrome P450 2C8. J Clin Pharmacol. 2005 Jan;45(1):68-78.
88 Ritonavir blocks AKT signaling, activates apoptosis and inhibits migration and invasion in ovarian cancer cells. Mol Cancer. 2009 Apr 22;8:26. doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-8-26.
89 Efficient intervention of growth and infiltration of primary adult T-cell leukemia cells by an HIV protease inhibitor, ritonavir. Blood. 2006 Jan 15;107(2):716-24. doi: 10.1182/blood-2005-02-0735. Epub 2005 Sep 20.
90 The HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir synergizes with butyrate for induction of apoptotic cell death and mediates expression of heme oxygenase-1 in DLD-1 colon carcinoma cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2004 Dec;143(7):890-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706023. Epub 2004 Oct 25.
91 HIV-1 protease inhibitor ritonavir modulates susceptibility to apoptosis of uninfected T cells. J Hum Virol. 1999 Sep-Oct;2(5):261-9.
92 Premature senescence of vascular cells is induced by HIV protease inhibitors: implication of prelamin A and reversion by statin. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010 Dec;30(12):2611-20. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.213603. Epub 2010 Sep 30.
93 Binding of anti-HIV drugs to human serum albumin. IUBMB Life. 2004 Oct;56(10):609-14. doi: 10.1080/15216540400016286.
94 Effects of HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir on Akt-regulated cell proliferation in breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Mar 15;12(6):1883-96. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-1167.
95 Heme oxygenase-1-derived bilirubin counteracts HIV protease inhibitor-mediated endothelial cell dysfunction. Free Radic Biol Med. 2016 May;94:218-29. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.003. Epub 2016 Mar 8.
96 The human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor ritonavir inhibits lung cancer cells, in part, by inhibition of survivin. J Thorac Oncol. 2011 Apr;6(4):661-70. doi: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e31820c9e3c.
97 Evaluating the Role of Multidrug Resistance Protein 3 (MDR3) Inhibition in Predicting Drug-Induced Liver Injury Using 125 Pharmaceuticals. Chem Res Toxicol. 2017 May 15;30(5):1219-1229. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00048. Epub 2017 May 4.
98 Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) inhibits ritonavir-induced endothelial dysfunction in porcine pulmonary arteries. Med Sci Monit. 2011 Nov;17(11):BR312-318. doi: 10.12659/msm.882040.
99 Estrogen prevents cholesteryl ester accumulation in macrophages induced by the HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir. J Cell Biochem. 2008 Apr 1;103(5):1598-606. doi: 10.1002/jcb.21546.