Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DM5PVQE)

Drug Name

Paroxetine

Synonyms

Seroxat (TN)

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Depression	6A70-6A7Z	Approved	[1], [2]

Therapeutic Class

Antidepressants

Drug Type

Small molecular drug

Structure

3D MOL

2D MOL

#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0

Molecular Weight (mw)

329.4

Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp)

3.5

Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds)

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor)

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc)

ADMET Property

Absorption Cmax: The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of drug is 229.9 mcg/L [3]
Absorption Tmax: The time to maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) is 0.67 h [3]
BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 1: high solubility and high permeability [4]
Bioavailability: The bioavailability of drug is 69.6% [3]
Clearance: The apparent oral clearance of drug is 167 L/h [5]
Elimination: Almost all of the dose is eliminated as metabolites; 3% is found to be excreted as unchanged paroxetine [6]
Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 21 hours [7]
Metabolism: The drug is metabolized via the liver [8]
MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 2.52904 micromolar/kg/day [9]
Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.06% [10]
Vd: Fluid volume that would be required to contain the amount of drug present in the body at the same concentration as in the plasma 18 L/kg [10]
Water Solubility: The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 5.4 mg/mL [4]

Chemical Identifiers

Formula: C19H20FNO3
IUPAC Name: (3S,4R)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxymethyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperidine
Canonical SMILES: C1CNC[C@H]([C@@H]1C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)COC3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4
InChI: InChI=1S/C19H20FNO3/c20-15-3-1-13(2-4-15)17-7-8-21-10-14(17)11-22-16-5-6-18-19(9-16)24-12-23-18/h1-6,9,14,17,21H,7-8,10-12H2/t14-,17-/m0/s1
InChIKey: AHOUBRCZNHFOSL-YOEHRIQHSA-N

Cross-matching ID

PubChem CID: 43815
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:7936
CAS Number: 61869-08-7
DrugBank ID: DB00715
TTD ID: D06GDY
VARIDT ID: DR00403
INTEDE ID: DR1245
ACDINA ID: D00511

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Serotonin transporter (SERT)	TT3ROYC	SC6A4_HUMAN	Modulator	[11]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[12]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)_{Main DME}	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Substrate	[14]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DEGTFWK	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Substrate	[15]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DEJGDUW	CP1A2_HUMAN	Substrate	[16]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

MIA Detail

Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

The Studied Disease

Depression

ICD Disease Classification

6A70-6A7Z

Molecule Name	Molecule Type	Gene Name	p-value	Fold-Change	Z-score
Serotonin transporter (SERT)	DTT	SLC6A4	8.76E-01	7.18E-05	6.19E-04
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTP	P-GP	6.54E-01	1.95E-01	4.04E-01
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DME	CYP1A2	8.46E-01	-6.63E-03	-4.49E-02
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DME	CYP2C19	9.62E-01	2.57E-02	1.10E-01
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DME	CYP2D6	8.70E-01	2.98E-02	1.22E-01
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DME	CYP3A4	1.76E-01	1.26E-01	8.27E-01

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA)

MEA Detail

Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Same Disease as Paroxetine

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Disease	REF
Trimipramine	DM1SC8M	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Trimipramine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[66]
Cyclobenzaprine	DM1YBRM	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Cyclobenzaprine.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[67]
Vilazodone	DM4LECQ	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Vilazodone.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[67]
Nefazodone	DM4ZS8M	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Nefazodone.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[67]
Selegiline	DM6034S	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Selegiline.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[68]
Vortioxetine	DM6F1PU	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Vortioxetine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[69]
Isocarboxazid	DMAF1NB	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Isocarboxazid.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[68]
Milnacipran	DMBFE74	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Milnacipran.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[67]
Tranylcypromine	DMGB5RE	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Tranylcypromine.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[68]
Desvenlafaxine	DMHD4PE	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Desvenlafaxine.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[67]
OPC-34712	DMHG57U	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by OPC-34712 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[70]
Phenelzine	DMHIDUE	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Phenelzine.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[68]
Clomipramine	DMINRKW	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Clomipramine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[66]
Doxepin	DMPI98T	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Doxepin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[66]
Maprotiline	DMPWB7T	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Maprotiline.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[67]
-----------


⏷ Show the Full List of 15 DDI Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Paroxetine (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Methylene blue	DMJAPE7	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Methylene blue.	Acquired methaemoglobinaemia [3A93]	[71]
Repaglinide	DM5SXUV	Moderate	Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Paroxetine and Repaglinide.	Acute diabete complication [5A2Y]	[72]
Glibenclamide	DM8JXPZ	Moderate	Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Paroxetine and Glibenclamide.	Acute diabete complication [5A2Y]	[72]
Tolazamide	DMIHRNA	Moderate	Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Paroxetine and Tolazamide.	Acute diabete complication [5A2Y]	[72]
Nateglinide	DMLK2QH	Moderate	Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Paroxetine and Nateglinide.	Acute diabete complication [5A2Y]	[72]
Insulin-glulisine	DMQI0FU	Moderate	Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Paroxetine and Insulin-glulisine.	Acute diabete complication [5A2Y]	[72]
Insulin-aspart	DMX7V28	Moderate	Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Paroxetine and Insulin-aspart.	Acute diabete complication [5A2Y]	[73]
Glipizide	DMZA5PQ	Moderate	Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Paroxetine and Glipizide.	Acute diabete complication [5A2Y]	[72]
Oliceridine	DM6MDCF	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Oliceridine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Acute pain [MG31]	[74]
Donepezil	DMIYG7Z	Minor	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Donepezil mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Alzheimer disease [8A20]	[75]
Inotersen	DMJ93CT	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Inotersen.	Amyloidosis [5D00]	[76]
Dronedarone	DMA8FS5	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Dronedarone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Angina pectoris [BA40]	[77]
Methylphenobarbital	DMDSWAG	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Methylphenobarbital.	Anxiety disorder [6B00-6B0Z]	[78]
Cilostazol	DMZMSCT	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Cilostazol.	Arterial occlusive disease [BD40]	[76]
Desipramine	DMT2FDC	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Desipramine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [6A05]	[66]
Clarithromycin	DM4M1SG	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Clarithromycin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[79]
Troleandomycin	DMUZNIG	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Troleandomycin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[79]
Retigabine	DMGNYIH	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Retigabine.	Behcet disease [4A62]	[78]
Trastuzumab Emtansine	DMU1LXS	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Trastuzumab Emtansine.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[80]
Mannitol	DMSCDY9	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Mannitol.	Bronchiectasis [CA24]	[81]
Phenylbutazone	DMAYL0T	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Phenylbutazone.	Chronic pain [MG30]	[76]
Dihydrocodeine	DMB0FWL	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Dihydrocodeine.	Chronic pain [MG30]	[82]
Ketoprofen	DMRKXPT	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Ketoprofen.	Chronic pain [MG30]	[76]
Levetiracetam	DMTGDN8	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Levetiracetam.	Chronic pain [MG30]	[78]
Levomilnacipran	DMV26S8	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Levomilnacipran.	Chronic pain [MG30]	[67]
Anisindione	DM2C48U	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Anisindione.	Coagulation defect [3B10]	[76]
Regorafenib	DMHSY1I	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Regorafenib.	Colorectal cancer [2B91]	[76]
Olopatadine	DMKMWQG	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Olopatadine.	Conjunctiva disorder [9A60]	[83]
Alfentanil	DMVO0UB	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Alfentanil.	Corneal disease [9A76-9A78]	[67]
Remifentanil	DMZTXCH	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Remifentanil.	Corneal disease [9A76-9A78]	[67]
Ardeparin	DMYRX8B	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Ardeparin.	Coronary thrombosis [BA43]	[76]
Ethanol	DMDRQZU	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Ethanol.	Cystitis [GC00]	[83]
Danaparoid	DM6CLBN	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Danaparoid.	Deep vein thrombosis [BD71]	[76]
Rivaroxaban	DMQMBZ1	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Rivaroxaban.	Deep vein thrombosis [BD71]	[76]
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan	DMDWZGJ	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan.	Discovery agent [N.A.]	[84]
Tetrabenazine	DMYWQ0O	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Tetrabenazine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Dissociative neurological symptom disorder [6B60]	[85]
Deutetrabenazine	DMUPFLI	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Deutetrabenazine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Dystonic disorder [8A02]	[86]
Ingrezza	DMVPLNC	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Ingrezza mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Dystonic disorder [8A02]	[87]
Zonisamide	DM0DTF7	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Zonisamide.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Felbamate	DM1V5ZS	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Felbamate.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Oxcarbazepine	DM5PU6O	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Oxcarbazepine.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Methsuximide	DM6L5VO	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Methsuximide.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Gabapentin	DM6T924	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Gabapentin.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Tiagabine	DMKSQG0	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Tiagabine.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Stiripentol	DMMSDOY	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Stiripentol mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[88]
Phenacemide	DMOHS9P	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Phenacemide.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Fosphenytoin	DMOX3LB	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Fosphenytoin.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Brivaracetam	DMSEPK8	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Brivaracetam.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Lacosamide	DMVM6QR	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Lacosamide.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Rufinamide	DMWE60C	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Rufinamide.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Ethotoin	DMXWOCP	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Ethotoin.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Phenobarbital	DMXZOCG	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Phenobarbital.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Vigabatrin	DMYT0OG	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with Vigabatrin.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Eslicarbazepine	DMZREFQ	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Eslicarbazepine.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[78]
Ethacrynic acid	DM60QMR	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Ethacrynic acid.	Essential hypertension [BA00]	[81]
Mefenamic acid	DMK7HFI	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Mefenamic acid.	Female pelvic pain [GA34]	[76]
Tazemetostat	DMWP1BH	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Tazemetostat.	Follicular lymphoma [2A80]	[76]
Mirabegron	DMS1GYT	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Mirabegron mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Functional bladder disorder [GC50]	[89]
Tolterodine	DMSHPW8	Minor	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Tolterodine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Functional bladder disorder [GC50]	[90]
Terbinafine	DMI6HUW	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Terbinafine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Fungal infection [1F29-1F2F]	[91]
Avapritinib	DMK2GZX	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Avapritinib.	Gastrointestinal stromal tumour [2B5B]	[76]
Acetazolamide	DM1AF5U	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Acetazolamide.	Glaucoma [9C61]	[81]
Dichlorphenamide	DMH7IDQ	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Dichlorphenamide.	Glaucoma [9C61]	[81]
Sulfinpyrazone	DMEV954	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Sulfinpyrazone.	Gout [FA25]	[76]
Carvedilol	DMHTEAO	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Carvedilol mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[92]
Chlorothiazide	DMLHESP	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Chlorothiazide.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[81]
Bumetanide	DMRV7H0	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Bumetanide.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[81]
Hydroflumethiazide	DMVPUQI	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Hydroflumethiazide.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[81]
Procarbazine	DMIK367	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Procarbazine.	Hodgkin lymphoma [2B30]	[68]
Cobicistat	DM6L4H2	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Cobicistat mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[93]
Cinacalcet	DMCX0K3	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Cinacalcet mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Hyper-parathyroidism [5A51]	[94]
Nebivolol	DM7F1PA	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Nebivolol mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[92]
Indapamide	DMGN1PW	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Indapamide.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[81]
Trichlormethiazide	DMHAQCO	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Trichlormethiazide.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[81]
Hydrochlorothiazide	DMUSZHD	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Hydrochlorothiazide.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[81]
Dipyridamole	DMXY30O	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Dipyridamole.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[76]
Pirfenidone	DM6VZFQ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Pirfenidone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis [CB03]	[95]
Givosiran	DM5PFIJ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Givosiran mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Inborn porphyrin/heme metabolism error [5C58]	[96]
Meclofenamic acid	DM05FXR	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Meclofenamic acid.	Inflammatory spondyloarthritis [FA92]	[80]
Berotralstat	DMWA2DZ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Berotralstat mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Innate/adaptive immunodeficiency [4A00]	[97]
Amobarbital	DM0GQ8N	Minor	Increased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Amobarbital mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z]	[98]
Propiomazine	DMKY8V1	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Propiomazine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z]	[99]
Polyethylene glycol	DM4I1JP	Moderate	Increased risk of lowers seizure threshold by the combination of Paroxetine and Polyethylene glycol.	Irritable bowel syndrome [DD91]	[100]
Eluxadoline	DMYZ0P1	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Eluxadoline mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Irritable bowel syndrome [DD91]	[101]
Glycerol phenylbutyrate	DMDGRQO	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Glycerol phenylbutyrate mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Liver disease [DB90-DB9Z]	[95]
Dacomitinib	DMOH8VY	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Dacomitinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[102]
Lumefantrine	DM29GAD	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Lumefantrine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Malaria [1F40-1F45]	[94]
Acalabrutinib	DM7GCVW	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Acalabrutinib.	Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85]	[76]
Ibrutinib	DMHZCPO	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Ibrutinib.	Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85]	[76]
Ponatinib	DMYGJQO	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Ponatinib.	Mature B-cell lymphoma [2A85]	[76]
Vemurafenib	DM62UG5	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Vemurafenib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Melanoma [2C30]	[103]
Allopregnanolone	DMNLHAC	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Allopregnanolone.	Mental/behavioural/neurodevelopmental disorder [6E20-6E8Z]	[104]
Almogran	DM7I64Z	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Almogran.	Migraine [8A80]	[67]
Frovatriptan	DM7RE8P	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Frovatriptan.	Migraine [8A80]	[67]
Rizatriptan	DMDJMA3	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Rizatriptan.	Migraine [8A80]	[67]
Naratriptan	DMO50U2	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Naratriptan.	Migraine [8A80]	[67]
Exjade	DMHPRWG	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Exjade.	Mineral absorption/transport disorder [5C64]	[76]
Flibanserin	DM70DTN	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Flibanserin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Mood disorder [6A60-6E23]	[105]
Panobinostat	DM58WKG	Major	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Panobinostat.	Multiple myeloma [2A83]	[76]
Thalidomide	DM70BU5	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Thalidomide.	Multiple myeloma [2A83]	[106]
Ozanimod	DMT6AM2	Moderate	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Ozanimod.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[107]
Fedratinib	DM4ZBK6	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Fedratinib.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[80]
Nilotinib	DM7HXWT	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Nilotinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[108]
Ruxolitinib	DM7Q98D	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Ruxolitinib.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[76]
Dasatinib	DMJV2EK	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Dasatinib.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[76]
Prasugrel	DM7MT6E	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Prasugrel.	Myocardial infarction [BA41-BA43]	[76]
Vorapaxar	DMA16BR	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Vorapaxar.	Myocardial infarction [BA41-BA43]	[76]
Tirofiban	DMQG17S	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Tirofiban.	Myocardial infarction [BA41-BA43]	[76]
Promethazine	DM6I5GR	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Promethazine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[99]
Rolapitant	DM8XP26	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Rolapitant mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[109]
Granisetron	DMIUW25	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Granisetron.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[110]
Dolasetron	DMMG26Z	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Dolasetron.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[110]
Ondansetron	DMOTQ1I	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Paroxetine and Ondansetron.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[110]
E-2007	DMJDYNQ	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Paroxetine when combined with E-2007.	Neuropathy [8C0Z]	[78]
Bupropion	DM5PCS7	Major	Increased risk of lowers seizure threshold by the combination of Paroxetine and Bupropion.	Nicotine use disorder [6C4A]	[110]
Sibutramine	DMFJTDI	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Sibutramine.	Obesity [5B80-5B81]	[111]
Lorcaserin	DMG6OYJ	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Lorcaserin.	Obesity [5B80-5B81]	[112]
Dexfenfluramine	DMJ7YDS	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Dexfenfluramine.	Obesity [5B80-5B81]	[67]
Polythiazide	DMCH80F	Moderate	Increased risk of hyponatremia by the combination of Paroxetine and Polythiazide.	Oedema [MG29]	[81]
Levomethadyl Acetate	DM06HG5	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Levomethadyl Acetate.	Opioid use disorder [6C43]	[105]
Naproxen	DMZ5RGV	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Naproxen.	Osteoarthritis [FA00-FA05]	[76]
Oxymorphone	DM65AGJ	Moderate	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Oxymorphone.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[82]
Aspirin	DM672AH	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Aspirin.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[80]
Etodolac	DM6WJO9	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Etodolac.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[76]
Diflunisal	DM7EN8I	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Diflunisal.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[76]
Ibuprofen	DM8VCBE	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Ibuprofen.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[76]
Levorphanol	DMGS80V	Moderate	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Levorphanol.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[82]
Dezocine	DMJDB0Y	Moderate	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Dezocine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[82]
Nalbuphine	DMOSQGU	Moderate	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Nalbuphine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[82]
Buprenorphine	DMPRI8G	Moderate	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Buprenorphine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[82]
Hydrocodone	DMQ2JO5	Moderate	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Hydrocodone.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[82]
Safinamide	DM0YWJC	Moderate	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Safinamide.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[107]
Rasagiline	DM3WKQ4	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Rasagiline.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[68]
Choline salicylate	DM8P137	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Choline salicylate.	Postoperative inflammation [1A00-CA43]	[76]
Bromfenac	DMKB79O	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Bromfenac.	Postoperative inflammation [1A00-CA43]	[76]
ABIRATERONE	DM8V75C	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by ABIRATERONE mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Prostate cancer [2C82]	[113]
Levomepromazine	DMIKFEL	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Levomepromazine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Psychotic disorder [6A20-6A25]	[99]
Epoprostenol	DMUTYR2	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Epoprostenol.	Pulmonary hypertension [BB01]	[76]
Iloprost	DMVPZBE	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Iloprost.	Pulmonary hypertension [BB01]	[76]
Meloxicam	DM2AR7L	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Meloxicam.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[76]
Oxaprozin	DM9UB0P	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Oxaprozin.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[76]
Mesoridazine	DM2ZGAN	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Mesoridazine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[99]
Aripiprazole	DM3NUMH	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Aripiprazole mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[114]
Iloperidone	DM6AUFY	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Iloperidone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[115]
Perphenazine	DMA4MRX	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Perphenazine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[99]
Trifluoperazine	DMKBYWI	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Trifluoperazine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[99]
Pimozide	DMW83TP	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Pimozide mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[116]
Salicyclic acid	DM2F8XZ	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Salicyclic acid.	Seborrhoeic dermatitis [EA81]	[80]
Fentanyl	DM8WAHT	Major	Additive serotonergic effects by the combination of Paroxetine and Fentanyl.	Sensation disturbance [MB40]	[67]
Pitolisant	DM8RFNJ	Major	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Pitolisant mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Somnolence [MG42]	[95]
Plicamycin	DM7C8YV	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Plicamycin.	Testicular cancer [2C80]	[76]
Caplacizumab	DMPUKA7	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Caplacizumab.	Thrombocytopenia [3B64]	[76]
Apixaban	DM89JLN	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Apixaban.	Thrombosis [DB61-GB90]	[76]
Cangrelor	DM8JRH0	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Cangrelor.	Thrombosis [DB61-GB90]	[76]
Brilinta	DMBR01X	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Brilinta.	Thrombosis [DB61-GB90]	[76]
Clopidogrel	DMOL54H	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Clopidogrel.	Thrombosis [DB61-GB90]	[76]
Cabozantinib	DMIYDT4	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Cabozantinib.	Thyroid cancer [2D10]	[76]
Tolbutamide	DM02AWV	Moderate	Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Paroxetine and Tolbutamide.	Type 2 diabetes mellitus [5A11]	[72]
Insulin-detemir	DMOA4VW	Moderate	Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Paroxetine and Insulin-detemir.	Type-1/2 diabete [5A10-5A11]	[72]
Insulin degludec	DMPL395	Moderate	Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Paroxetine and Insulin degludec.	Type-1/2 diabete [5A10-5A11]	[72]
Methdilazine	DMAUHQX	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Methdilazine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[99]
Betrixaban	DM2C4RF	Moderate	Increased risk of bleeding by the combination of Paroxetine and Betrixaban.	Venous thromboembolism [BD72]	[76]
Propafenone	DMPIBJK	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Propafenone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Ventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC71]	[117]
Flecainide	DMSQDLE	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Paroxetine caused by Flecainide mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Ventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC71]	[117]
-----------


⏷ Show the Full List of 164 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG

DIG Name	DIG ID	PubChem CID	Functional Classification
Allura red AC dye	E00338	33258	Colorant
D&C red no. 30	E00456	3000709	Colorant
FD&C blue no. 1	E00263	19700	Colorant
FD&C blue no. 2	E00446	2723854	Colorant
Hydrazine yellow	E00409	164825	Colorant
Quinoline yellow WS	E00309	24671	Colorant
Sodium lauryl sulfate	E00464	3423265	Emulsifying agent; Modified-release agent; Penetration agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; lubricant
Sunset yellow FCF	E00255	17730	Colorant
Beta-D-lactose	E00099	6134	Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Brushite	E00392	104805	Diluent
Calcium hydrogenphosphate	E00294	24441	Diluent
Calcium phosphate	E00298	24456	Anticaking agent; Buffering agent; Desiccant; Diluent
Eisenoxyd	E00585	56841934	Colorant
FD&C red no. 3	E00629	Not Available	Colorant
Ferric hydroxide oxide yellow	E00539	23320441	Colorant
Ferrosoferric oxide	E00231	14789	Colorant
Glyceryl behenate	E00481	5362585	Binding agent; Coating agent; Flavoring agent; Modified-release agent; Viscosity-controlling agent; lubricant
Glyceryl dibehenate	E00537	22477175	Binding agent; Coating agent; Flavoring agent; Modified-release agent; Viscosity-controlling agent; lubricant
Hypromellose	E00634	Not Available	Coating agent
Lactose monohydrate	E00393	104938	Binding agent; Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Magnesium stearate	E00208	11177	lubricant
Pigment red 48	E00613	135544134	Colorant
Pigment red 5	E00380	82169	Colorant
Polyethylene glycol 400	E00653	Not Available	Coating agent; Diluent; Ointment base; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; lubricant
Polyethylene glycol 4000	E00654	Not Available	Coating agent; Diluent; Ointment base; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; lubricant
Polyethylene glycol 6000	E00655	Not Available	Coating agent; Diluent; Ointment base; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; lubricant
Polysorbate 80	E00665	Not Available	Dispersing agent; Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Plasticizing agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; Suspending agent
Potassium hydroxide	E00233	14797	Alkalizing agent
Povidone	E00667	Not Available	Binding agent; Coating agent; Disintegrant; Film/membrane-forming agent; Solubilizing agent; Suspending agent
Propylene glycol	E00040	1030	Antimicrobial preservative; Humectant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent
Silicon dioxide	E00670	Not Available	Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Sodium alginate	E00671	Not Available	Binding agent; Disintegrant; Suspending agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Sodium hydroxide	E00234	14798	Alkalizing agent
Soybean lecithin	E00637	Not Available	Other agent
Talc	E00520	16211421	Anticaking agent; Diluent; Glidant; lubricant
Titanium dioxide	E00322	26042	Coating agent; Colorant; Opacifying agent
Triacetin	E00080	5541	Humectant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent
Triethyl citrate	E00128	6506	Plasticizing agent; Solvent
Vinylpyrrolidone	E00668	Not Available	Binding agent; Coating agent; Disintegrant; Film/membrane-forming agent; Solubilizing agent; Suspending agent
Certolake sunset yellow	E00351	61817	Colorant
Haematite red	E00236	14833	Colorant
--------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 41 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug

Pharmaceutical Formulation

Formulation Name	Drug Dosage	Dosage Form	Route
Paroxetine 12.5 mg tablet	12.5 mg	24 HR Extended Release Oral Tablet	Oral
Paroxetine 25 mg tablet	25 mg	24 HR Extended Release Oral Tablet	Oral
Paroxetine 37.5 mg tablet	37.5 mg	24 HR Extended Release Oral Tablet	Oral
Paroxetine 30 mg tablet	30 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral
Paroxetine 10 mg tablet	10 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral
Paroxetine 20 mg tablet	20 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral
Paroxetine 40 mg tablet	40 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral
Paroxetine Hydrochloride eq 12.5mg base extended release tablet	eq 12.5mg base	Extended Release Tablet	Oral
Paroxetine Hydrochloride eq 10mg base tablet	eq 10mg base	Oral Tablet	Oral
Paroxetine 7.5 mg capsule	7.5 mg	Oral Capsule	Oral

Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

1	URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4790).
2	Emerging drug therapies in Huntington's disease. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2009 Jun;14(2):273-97.
3	Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA): Topiroxostat review
4	BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs
5	van Harten J: Clinical pharmacokinetics of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1993 Mar;24(3):203-20. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199324030-00003.
6	Foster RH, Goa KL: Paroxetine : a review of its pharmacology and therapeutic potential in the management of panic disorder. CNS Drugs. 1997 Aug;8(2):163-88. doi: 10.2165/00023210-199708020-00010.
7	Paroxetine FDA Label
8	GSK monograph, Paxil
9	Estimating the safe starting dose in phase I clinical trials and no observed effect level based on QSAR modeling of the human maximum recommended daily dose
10	Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
11	Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
12	Improving the prediction of the brain disposition for orally administered drugs using BDDCS. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2012 Jan;64(1):95-109.
13	New orally active anticoagulant agents for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2014 Jun 13;10:423-36.
14	Clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium (CPIC) guideline for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypes and dosing of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Aug;98(2):127-34.
15	Identification of cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the metabolism of paroxetine and estimation of their importance for human paroxetine metabolism using a population-based simulator. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Mar;38(3):376-85.
16	CYP1A2 genetic polymorphisms are associated with treatment response to the antidepressant paroxetine. Pharmacogenomics. 2010 Nov;11(11):1535-43.
17	Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
18	Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
19	Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
20	Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
21	Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
22	Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
23	Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
24	The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
25	Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
26	Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63.
27	Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on prostaglandin synthesis and cyclooxygenase-mediated DNA adduct formation by heterocyclic aromatic amines in human adenocarcinoma colon cells. Mol Carcinog. 2004 Jul;40(3):180-8.
28	Endoxifen and other metabolites of tamoxifen inhibit human hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase 2A1 (hSULT2A1). Drug Metab Dispos. 2014 Nov;42(11):1843-50.
29	Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity and risk factors for breast cancer: a cross-sectional study. Breast Cancer Res. 2004;6(4):R352-65.
30	PharmGKB summary: pathways of acetaminophen metabolism at the therapeutic versus toxic doses. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2015 Aug;25(8):416-26.
31	The effect of apigenin on pharmacokinetics of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:789184.
32	The influence of metabolic gene polymorphisms on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations in Chinese coke oven workers. Sci Total Environ. 2007 Aug 1;381(1-3):38-46.
33	Identification of P450 enzymes involved in metabolism of verapamil in humans. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1993 Sep;348(3):332-7.
34	Metabolism and metabolic inhibition of xanthotoxol in human liver microsomes. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:5416509.
35	Inhibitory effects of anticancer drugs on dextromethorphan-O-demethylase activity in human liver microsomes. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1993;32(6):491-5.
36	Effect of genetic polymorphism on the metabolism of endogenous neuroactive substances, progesterone and p-tyramine, catalyzed by CYP2D6. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2004 Oct 22;129(1-2):117-23.
37	CYP2D6 polymorphisms and tamoxifen metabolism: clinical relevance. Curr Oncol Rep. 2010 Jan;12(1):7-15.
38	Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2D6: structure-activity studies using a series of quinidine and quinine analogues. Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Apr;16(4):450-9.
39	Effects of propofol on human hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 activities. Xenobiotica. 1998 Sep;28(9):845-53.
40	Pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet. 2000 Spring;97(1):98-106.
41	Roles of CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 in nicotine C-oxidation by human liver microsomes. Arch Toxicol. 1999 Mar;73(2):65-70.
42	Structure-activity relationship for human cytochrome P450 substrates and inhibitors. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):69-82.
43	High-dose rabeprazole/amoxicillin therapy as the second-line regimen after failure to eradicate H. pylori by triple therapy with the usual doses of a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and amoxicillin. Hepatogastroenterology. 2003 Nov-Dec;50(54):2274-8.
44	Progesterone and testosterone hydroxylation by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2C9, and 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1997 Oct 1;346(1):161-9.
45	Cytochrome P450 pharmacogenetics and cancer. Oncogene. 2006 Mar 13;25(11):1679-91.
46	CYP2C19*17 is associated with decreased breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 May;115(2):391-6.
47	Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
48	Cytochromes of the P450 2C subfamily are the major enzymes involved in the O-demethylation of verapamil in humans. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;353(1):116-21.
49	Diclofenac and its derivatives as tools for studying human cytochromes P450 active sites: particular efficiency and regioselectivity of P450 2Cs. Biochemistry. 1999 Oct 26;38(43):14264-70.
50	A mechanistic approach to antiepileptic drug interactions. Ann Pharmacother. 1998 May;32(5):554-63.
51	Organic anion-transporting polypeptide B (OATP-B) and its functional comparison with three other OATPs of human liver. Gastroenterology. 2001 Feb;120(2):525-33.
52	Possible involvement of multiple human cytochrome P450 isoforms in the liver metabolism of propofol. Br J Anaesth. 1998 Jun;80(6):788-95.
53	Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
54	MDR1 (ABCB1) G1199A (Ser400Asn) polymorphism alters transepithelial permeability and sensitivity to anticancer agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2009 Jun;64(1):183-8.
55	Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
56	Folate transporter expression decreases in the human placenta throughout pregnancy and in pre-eclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2012 Apr;2(2):123-31.
57	Comparative studies on in vitro methods for evaluating in vivo function of MDR1 P-glycoprotein. Pharm Res. 2001 Dec;18(12):1660-8.
58	Antiestrogens and steroid hormones: substrates of the human P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):287-92.
59	Association of genetic polymorphisms in the influx transporter SLCO1B3 and the efflux transporter ABCB1 with imatinib pharmacokinetics in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Ther Drug Monit. 2011 Apr;33(2):244-50.
60	Augmentation effect of combination therapy of aripiprazole and antidepressants on forced swimming test in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2009 Sep;206(1):97-107.
61	Treatment of comorbid pain with serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. CNS Spectr. 2008 Jul;13(7 Suppl 11):22-6.
62	Radium 223 dichloride for prostate cancer treatment. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2017 Sep 6;11:2643-2651.
63	Psychopharmacological treatment of dermatological patients--when simply talking does not help. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2007 Dec;5(12):1101-6.
64	Differential involvement of the norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine reuptake transporter proteins in cocaine-induced taste aversion. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2009 Jul;93(1):75-81.
65	Clinically relevant drug interactions with new generation antidepressants and antipsychotics. Ther Umsch. 2009 Jun;66(6):485-92.
66	Albers LJ, Reist C, Helmeste D, Vu R, Tang SW "Paroxetine shifts imipramine metabolism." Psychiatry Res 59 (1996): 189-96. [PMID: 8930024]
67	Achamallah NS "Visual hallucinations after combining fluoxetine and dextromethorphan ." Am J Psychiatry 149 (1992): 1406. [PMID: 1530079]
68	Beasley CM Jr, Masica DN, Heiligenstein JH, Wheadon DE, Zerbe RL "Possible monoamine oxidase inhibitor-serotonin uptake inhibitor interaction: fluoxetine clinical data and preclinical findings." J Clin Psychopharmacol 13 (1993): 312-20. [PMID: 8227489]
69	Product Information. Brintellix (vortioxetine). Takeda Pharmaceuticals America, Lincolnshire, IL.
70	Product Information. Rexulti (brexpiprazole). Otsuka American Pharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD.
71	Boyer EW, Shannon M "The serotonin syndrome." N Engl J Med 352 (2005): 1112-20. [PMID: 15784664]
72	Abad S, Moachon L, Blanche P, Bavoux F, Sicard D, Salmon-Ceron D "Possible interaction between glicazide, fluconazole and sulfamethoxazole resulting in severe hypoglycaemia." Br J Clin Pharmacol 52 (2001): 456-7. [PMID: 11678792]
73	Asplund K, Wiholm BE, Lithner F "Glibenclamide-associated hypoglycaemia: a report on 57 cases." Diabetologia 24 (1983): 412-7. [PMID: 6411511]
74	Product Information. Olinvyk (oliceridine). Trevena Inc, Chesterbrook, PA.
75	Product Information. Aricept (donepezil). Pfizer US Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
76	Alderman CP, Moritz CK, Ben-Tovim DI "Abnormal platelet aggregation associated with fluoxetine therapy." Ann Pharmacother 26 (1992): 1517-9. [PMID: 1482806]
77	Product Information. Multaq (dronedarone). sanofi-aventis , Bridgewater, NJ.
78	Belcastro V, Costa C, Striano P "Levetiracetam-associated hyponatremia." Seizure 17 (2008): 389-90. [PMID: 18584781]
79	Lee DO, Lee CD "Serotonin syndrome in a child associated with erythromycin and sertraline." Pharmacotherapy 19 (1999): 894-6. [PMID: 10417041]
80	Bannister SJ, Houser VP, Hulse JD, Kisicki JC, Rasmussen JG "Evaluation of the potential for interactions of paroxetine with diazepam, cimetidine, warfarin, and digoxin." Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 350 (1989): 102-6. [PMID: 2530759]
81	Product Information. Savella (milnacipran). Forest Pharmaceuticals, St. Louis, MO.
82	Vizcaychipi MP, Walker S, Palazzo M "Serotonin syndrome triggered by tramadol." Br J Anaesth 99 (2007): 919. [PMID: 18006535]
83	Warrington SJ, Ankier SI, Turner P "Evaluation of possible interactions between ethanol and trazodone or amitriptyline." Neuropsychobiology 15 (1986): 31-7. [PMID: 3725002]
84	Product Information. Cymbalta (duloxetine). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
85	Product Information. Xenazine (tetrabenazine). Prestwick Pharmaceuticals Inc, Washington DC, VA.
86	Product Information. Austedo (deutetrabenazine). Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, North Wales, PA.
87	Product Information. Ingrezza (valbenazine). Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, CA.
88	EMEA. European Medicines Agency "EPARs. European Union Public Assessment Reports.".
89	Product Information. Myrbetriq (mirabegron). Astellas Pharma US, Inc, Deerfield, IL.
90	Brynne N, Svanstrom C, AbergWistedt A, Hallen B, Bertilsson L "Fluoxetine inhibits the metabolism of tolterodin-pharmacokinetic implications and proposed clinical relevance." Br J Clin Pharmacol 48 (1999): 553-63. [PMID: 10583026]
91	AbdelRahman SM, Gotschall RR, Kauffman RE, Leeder JS, Kearns GL "Investigation of terbinafine as a CYP2D6 inhibitor in vivo." Clin Pharmacol Ther 65 (1999): 465-72. [PMID: 10340911]
92	Amchin J, Ereshefsky L, Zarycranski W, Taylor K, Albano D, Klockowski PM "Effect of venlafaxine versus fluoxetine on metabolism of dextromethorphan, a CYP2D6 probe." J Clin Pharmacol 41 (2001): 443-51. [PMID: 11304901]
93	Product Information. Stribild (cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofov). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
94	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
95	Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
96	Product Information. Givlaari (givosiran). Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
97	Product Information. Orladeyo (berotralstat). BioCryst Pharmaceuticals Inc, Durham, NC.
98	Product Information. Paxil (paroxetine). GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC.
99	Nicholson SD "Extra pyramidal side effects associated with paroxetine." West Engl Med J 107 (1992): 90-1. [PMID: 1308691]
100	Product Information. Suprep Bowel Prep Kit (magnesium/potassium/sodium sulfates). Braintree Laboratories, Braintree, MA.
101	Product Information. Viberzi (eluxadoline). Actavis Pharma, Inc., Parsippany, NJ.
102	Product Information. Vizimpro (dacomitinib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
103	Product Information. Zelboraf (vemurafenib). Genentech, South San Francisco, CA.
104	Product Information. Zulresso (brexanolone). Sage Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA.
105	Product Information. Addyi (flibanserin). Sprout Pharmaceuticals, Raleigh, NC.
106	Product Information. Thalomid (thalidomide). Celgene Corporation, Warren, NJ.
107	Alvine G, Black DW, Tsuang D "Case of delirium secondary to phenelzine/L-tryptophan combination." J Clin Psychiatry 51 (1990): 311. [PMID: 2365671]
108	Product Information. Tasigna (nilotinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
109	Product Information. Varubi (rolapitant). Tesaro Inc., Waltham, MA.
110	Canadian Pharmacists Association.
111	Chan BSH, Graudins A, Whyte IM, Dawson AH, Braitberg G, Duggin GG "Serotonin syndrome resulting from drug interactions." Med J Aust 169 (1998): 523-5. [PMID: 9861909]
112	Product Information. Belviq (lorcaserin). Eisai Inc, Teaneck, NJ.
113	Product Information. Zytiga (abiraterone). Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA.
114	Product Information. Abilify (aripiprazole). Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
115	Product Information. Fanapt (iloperidone). Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD.
116	Ahmed I, Dagincourt PG, Miller LG, Shader RI "Possible interaction between fluoxetine and pimozide causing sinus bradycardia." Can J Psychiatry 38 (1993): 62-3. [PMID: 8448725]
117	Alfaro CL, Lam YWF, Simpson J, Ereshefsky L "CYP2D6 status of extensive metabolizers after multiple-dose fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, or sertraline." J Clin Psychopharmacol 19 (1999): 155-63. [PMID: 10211917]